Sewing machine with easy mobility
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521668403.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-08-07
AI Technical Summary
[0005]因此,本实用新型目的是提供一种便于移动的缝纫机,能够解决现有的缝纫机为了实现便捷移动,配备了万向轮,但在实际使用过程中,万向轮易出现滑动偏移、转向不受控的情况,导致设备在停放时稳定性差,甚至出现晃动、侧倾风险,影响缝纫精度与操作安全,而一些追求稳定性的缝纫机采用固定式支撑结构虽能在工作时保持平稳,却因缺乏移动组件,导致设备搬运困难难以适应多场景作业需求,限制了使用灵活性与便捷性的问题
[0013]综上所述,本实用新型包括以下至少一种有益效果:1、通过采用纯机械结构设计,将万向轮、第一支撑稳定机构、第二支撑稳定机构、联动传动杆、手动压力机等部件以机械联动的方式组合,达成无需依赖电力驱动和复杂电子控制系统的目标,这种纯机械架构不仅降低了设备的制造成本与维护难度,还提升了装置的可靠性和耐用性,以简洁可靠的方式保障缝纫机移动与支撑功能的稳定实现。
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Figure CN224784452U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of textile machinery manufacturing technology, and in particular to a sewing machine that is easy to move. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing demand for diversified sewing machine usage scenarios in industrial manufacturing and civilian sectors, the portability and operational stability of sewing machines have become important considerations in product design. To meet the needs of sewing machines for rapid movement and precise positioning in different working environments, the industry has gradually explored technologies that integrate movement and support functions, enabling the switching between mobile and stationary states. These technological attempts have provided new ideas for optimizing the functionality of sewing machines, but there is still room for further improvement in terms of structural compactness, ease of operation, and mechanical linkage efficiency.
[0003] Existing sewing machines are equipped with casters for easy movement. However, in actual use, these casters are prone to slippage and uncontrolled steering, resulting in poor stability when parked, and even the risk of wobbling and tilting, affecting sewing accuracy and operational safety. While some sewing machines that prioritize stability use fixed support structures to maintain stability during operation, the lack of moving components makes them difficult to transport and adaptable to various work scenarios, limiting their flexibility and convenience. Therefore, we propose a more portable sewing machine to address the aforementioned problems. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of the present invention, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents, and such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a sewing machine that is easy to move. This solves the problem that existing sewing machines are equipped with casters for easy movement, but in actual use, the casters are prone to slippage and uncontrollable steering, resulting in poor stability of the equipment when parked, and even the risk of shaking and tilting, affecting sewing accuracy and operational safety. While some sewing machines that pursue stability use a fixed support structure to maintain stability during operation, the lack of moving components makes the equipment difficult to move and unable to adapt to the needs of various operation scenarios, thus limiting the flexibility and convenience of use.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a sewing machine that is easy to move, adopting the following technical solution: It includes a worktable, on which a sewing machine body is fixedly mounted. A first support structure and a second support structure are installed below the worktable and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the worktable. A transverse support component is installed between the first and second support structures via fastening bolts. A first caster wheel and a second caster wheel are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the first support structure, respectively located at the front and rear ends of the first support structure. A first support stabilizing mechanism is fastened to the front of the first caster wheel, and a second support stabilizing mechanism is fastened to the rear of the second caster wheel. The first and second support stabilizing mechanisms are used to switch the sewing machine device between a moving state and a stable support state.
[0007] Optionally, the first support and stabilizing mechanism includes a first base, a first support column, a first locking lever, and a transmission linkage assembly. The first base has a first support column that can move vertically inside it. The first support column is slidably connected to the first base via a linear guide pair. The transmission linkage assembly is pivotally connected to both sides of the first base. The first locking lever is axially connected to the first support column. The first locking lever and the transmission linkage assembly are axially connected to achieve force transmission. The first locking lever has an L-shaped structure, and its rotation fulcrum is located at the inflection point of the L-shape.
[0008] Optionally, the transmission linkage assembly and the first locking lever form a four-bar linkage mechanism. Limiting blocks are provided on both sides of the first base. The limiting blocks are adapted to the first locking lever and the transmission linkage assembly in the working state. When the head of the first locking lever is pressed down by an external force, the force applied by the first locking lever drives the first support column to move downward. When the first locking lever and the transmission linkage assembly form a negative angle, the limiting blocks restrict the movement of the first locking lever and the transmission linkage assembly, thereby achieving mechanical locking.
[0009] Optionally, the second support stabilizing mechanism includes a second base, a second support column, a second locking lever, and an unlocking drive assembly. The second base has a second support column that can move vertically inside it. The second support column and the second base are slidably connected via a linear guide pair. The unlocking drive assembly is pivotally connected to both sides of the first base. The unlocking drive assembly has an unlocking boss at its end. The second locking lever is axially connected to the second support column. The second locking lever has an L-shaped structure, and its rotation fulcrum is located at the L-shaped inflection point.
[0010] Optionally, the second locking lever and the unlocking drive assembly are axially connected to achieve force transmission, and the second base is provided with limiting bosses on both sides, which are adapted to the second locking lever and the unlocking drive assembly in the working state.
[0011] Optionally, it also includes a linkage transmission rod and a manual press. The linkage transmission rod is connected to the first locking lever and the second locking lever respectively through a universal joint. The manual press is fixed to the internal cavity of the first support structure by a bolt assembly. The manual press includes an operating handle and a transmission screw. The transmission screw and the linkage transmission rod transmit force in the middle. When the operating handle of the manual press is operated, the downward pressure of the transmission screw drives the linkage transmission rod to move axially, thereby synchronously driving the first locking lever and the second locking lever to move, realizing the synchronous lifting and lowering of the first support column and the second support column.
[0012] Optionally, the first caster wheel, the second caster wheel, the first support and stabilizing mechanism, the second support and stabilizing mechanism, the linkage transmission rod, and the manual press are all arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner at the corresponding positions of the second support structure to form a double-sided synchronous stable support structure.
[0013] In summary, this utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. By adopting a purely mechanical structure design, the universal wheel, the first support and stabilizing mechanism, the second support and stabilizing mechanism, the linkage transmission rod, the manual press and other components are combined in a mechanical linkage manner to achieve the goal of not relying on electric drive and complex electronic control system. This purely mechanical architecture not only reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty of the equipment, but also improves the reliability and durability of the device, and ensures the stable realization of the sewing machine's movement and support functions in a simple and reliable way.
[0014] 2. By setting up an integrated control system consisting of a linkage transmission rod, a manual press, and a four-bar linkage mechanism, the system achieves convenient operation by a single person. The operator only needs to press down the manual press handle, and the transmission screw will drive the linkage transmission rod to move axially, which will simultaneously drive the locking levers on both sides to achieve synchronous lifting and precise locking of the support column. This reduces the cumbersome steps of operating multiple parts independently and ensures the consistency and timeliness of switching the support status on both sides. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0016] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the universal wheel of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the support and stabilization mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Workbench surface; 12. Sewing machine body; 2. First supporting architecture; 3. Secondary support architecture; 31. Horizontal support components; 4. First omnidirectional wheel; 41. Second omnidirectional wheel; 5. First support and stabilizing mechanism; 51. First base; 511. Limiting block; 52. First support column; 53. First locking lever; 54. Transmission linkage assembly; 6. Second support and stabilizing mechanism; 61. Second base; 611. Limiting boss; 62. Second support column; 63. Second locking lever; 64. Unlocking drive assembly; 641. Unlocking boss; 7. Linkage transmission rod; 8. Manual press; 81. Operating handle; 82. Transmission screw. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 The present invention will be described in further detail below.
[0019] Example 1, refer to Figure 1-4 In this embodiment, to address the issue that existing sewing machines are equipped with casters for easy movement, but in actual use, these casters are prone to slippage and uncontrolled steering, resulting in poor stability when parked, and even the risk of shaking and tilting, affecting sewing accuracy and operational safety. While some sewing machines that prioritize stability use fixed support structures to maintain stability during operation, the lack of moving components makes them difficult to transport and adaptable to various work scenarios, limiting their flexibility and convenience. This utility model discloses a sewing machine that is easy to move. The system includes a worktable 1, on which a sewing machine body 12 is fixedly mounted. A first support frame 2 and a second support frame 3 are installed below the worktable 1, located on the left and right sides respectively. A transverse support assembly 31 is installed between the first support frame 2 and the second support frame 3 via fastening bolts. A first caster wheel 4 and a second caster wheel 41 are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the first support frame 2, located at the front and rear ends respectively. A first support stabilizing mechanism 5 is fastened to the front of the first caster wheel 4, and a second support stabilizing mechanism 6 is fastened to the rear of the second caster wheel 41. The supporting and stabilizing mechanism 5 and the second supporting and stabilizing mechanism 6 are used to switch the sewing machine device between the moving state and the stable support state. By installing the worktable 1, the first support structure 2, the second support structure 3 and the horizontal support component 31, a stable load-bearing frame is formed. The first universal wheel 4 and the second universal wheel 41, which are distributed front and rear at the bottom of the first support structure 2, are installed to facilitate the flexible movement of the sewing machine. The first supporting and stabilizing mechanism 5 and the second supporting and stabilizing mechanism 6 are installed in front of and behind the universal wheels, respectively, to realize the convenient switching between the moving state and the stable support state of the sewing machine, and solve the problems of inconvenient movement or insufficient stability of traditional sewing machines.
[0020] The first support and stabilizing mechanism 5 includes a first base 51, a first support column 52, a first locking lever 53, and a transmission linkage assembly 54. The first base 51 houses the first support column 52, which is movable vertically. The first support column 52 is slidably connected to the first base 51 via a linear guide pair. The transmission linkage assembly 54 is pivotally connected to both sides of the first base 51. The first locking lever 53 is axially connected to the first support column 52. The axial connection between the first locking lever 53 and the transmission linkage assembly 54 achieves force transmission. The first locking lever 53 has an L-shaped structure, with its rotation fulcrum located at the inflection point of the L-shape. By installing a first support and stabilization mechanism 5 consisting of a first base 51, a first support column 52, a first locking lever 53, and a transmission linkage assembly 54, precise vertical movement guidance is achieved using the linear guide pair between the first support column 52 and the first base 51. By utilizing the axial connection between the transmission linkage assembly 54 and the L-shaped first locking lever 53 and the lever principle, the force can be efficiently transmitted to the first support column 52 through a simple pressing operation. When the first locking lever 53 is pressed down to a specific angle, it is mechanically locked in conjunction with the limiting structures on both sides of the first base 51, thus realizing a rapid and stable switching of the sewing machine's support state.
[0021] The transmission linkage assembly 54 and the first locking lever 53 form a four-bar linkage mechanism. Limiting blocks 511 are provided on both sides of the first base 51. The limiting blocks 511 are adapted to the first locking lever 53 and the transmission linkage assembly 54 during operation. When the head of the first locking lever 53 is pressed down by an external force, the force applied by the first locking lever 53 drives the first support column 52 to move downwards. When the first locking lever 53 and the transmission linkage assembly 54 form a negative angle, the limiting blocks 511 restrict the movement of the first locking lever 53 and the transmission linkage assembly 54. The movement of the first base 51 achieves mechanical locking. By installing a four-bar linkage mechanism consisting of a transmission linkage assembly 54 and a first locking lever 53, and cooperating with the limiting blocks 511 on both sides of the first base 51, the downward pressing action of the first locking lever 53 is converted into the vertical displacement of the first support column 52. When the first locking lever 53 and the transmission linkage assembly 54 form a negative angle, the limiting blocks 511 automatically restrict the movement of the mechanism, achieving mechanical locking and effectively preventing the support column from loosening. This achieves the effect of providing reliable and stable support with a simple mechanical structure.
[0022] The second support and stabilizing mechanism 6 includes a second base 61, a second support column 62, a second locking lever 63, and an unlocking drive assembly 64. The second base 61 houses the second support column 62, which is vertically movable. The second support column 62 is slidably connected to the second base 61 via a linear guide pair. The unlocking drive assembly 64 is pivotally connected to both sides of the first base 51. An unlocking boss 641 is provided at the end of the unlocking drive assembly 64. The second locking lever 63 is axially connected to the second support column 62. The second locking lever 63 has an L-shaped structure, with its rotation fulcrum located at the L-shaped inflection point. It is activated by mounting the second base 61... 1. The second support stabilizing mechanism 6, consisting of the second support column 62, the second locking lever 63, and the unlocking drive assembly 64, achieves stable vertical movement by utilizing the linear guide pair between the second support column 62 and the second base 61. The unlocking drive assembly 64, which is pivotally connected to both sides of the second base 61, and its end unlocking boss 641, are linked with the L-shaped second locking lever 63 to achieve the purpose of raising, lowering, and locking the second support column 62 through simple operation. Through precise structural design, the rapid switching and stable locking of the support state on the other side of the sewing machine are realized, ensuring the balance and stability of the whole machine during operation.
[0023] The second locking lever 63 and the unlocking drive component 64 are axially connected to achieve force transmission. Limiting bosses 611 are provided on both sides of the second base 61. The limiting bosses 611 are adapted to the second locking lever 63 and the unlocking drive component 64 in the working state. By setting up an axial force transmission structure composed of the second locking lever 63 and the unlocking drive component 64, and in conjunction with the limiting bosses 611 on both sides of the second base 61, the operating force of the unlocking drive component 64 is efficiently transmitted to the second locking lever 63, so as to achieve precise lifting and lowering control of the second support column 62. When the second locking lever 63 and the unlocking drive component 64 move to a specific position, the limiting bosses 611 intervene to limit and ensure that the second support column 62 is stably locked.
[0024] It also includes a linkage transmission rod 7 and a manual press 8. The linkage transmission rod 7 is connected to the first locking lever 53 and the second locking lever 63 respectively via universal joints. The manual press 8 is fixed to the internal cavity of the first support structure 2 by bolt assembly. The manual press 8 includes an operating handle 81 and a transmission screw 82. The transmission screw 82 and the linkage transmission rod 7 transmit force in the middle. When the operating handle 81 of the manual press 8 is operated, the downward pressure of the transmission screw 82 drives the linkage transmission rod 7 to move axially, thereby synchronously driving the first locking lever 53 and the second locking lever 63 to move, realizing the movement of the first support column 52 and the second support column 2. The synchronous lifting and lowering of column 62 is achieved by installing a linkage transmission rod 7 and a manual press 8. The linkage transmission rod 7 is connected to the first locking lever 53 and the second locking lever 63 respectively through universal joints. The manual press 8 is fixed in the internal cavity of the first support structure 2. Its operating handle 81, transmission screw 82, and linkage transmission rod 7 form a force transmission structure, so that only the handle of the manual press 8 needs to be operated to drive the axial displacement of the linkage transmission rod 7, thereby synchronously driving the first and second locking levers 63 to move, realizing the synchronous lifting and lowering of the first support column 52 and the second support column 62, simplifying the operation process.
[0025] The first universal wheel 4, the second universal wheel 41, the first support and stabilizing mechanism 5, the second support and stabilizing mechanism 6, the linkage transmission rod 7, and the manual press 8 are all arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner at the corresponding positions of the second support structure 3, forming a double-sided synchronous stable support structure. By arranging the first universal wheel 4, the second universal wheel 41, the first support and stabilizing mechanism 5, the second support and stabilizing mechanism 6, the linkage transmission rod 7, and the manual press 8 in a mirror-symmetrical manner at the corresponding positions of the second support structure 3, the purpose of constructing a double-sided symmetrical mechanical structure is achieved, realizing the balanced control of the sewing machine during movement and the uniform force under the support state.
[0026] Design Description of Height Adaptation between Casters and Support Mechanisms: The heights of the first caster 4 and the second caster 41 are precisely designed to fall between the heights of the first and second symmetrically distributed support stabilizing mechanisms 5 and 6 in their supported and unsupported states. When the first and second support stabilizing mechanisms 5 and 6 are in their unsupported state, the first caster 4 and the second caster 41 are in contact with the ground, allowing the sewing machine to move flexibly within the work area. When the operator presses down on the manual press 8 or kicks the unlocking boss 641, causing the first and second support stabilizing mechanisms 5 and 6 to enter their supported state, the support columns extend downwards and lift the entire machine. At this time, the first caster 4 and the second caster 41 are lifted off the ground, preventing instability such as shaking or displacement caused by the force exerted on the first and second casters 41 during operation.
[0027] The symmetrical pure mechanical linkage switching mechanism and operating principle of the sewing machine support state: When it is necessary to switch the sewing machine support state, the operator can quickly release the support by kicking: kick the unlocking boss 641 at the tail of the symmetrically distributed unlocking drive assembly 64 on both sides upwards. The unlocking drive assembly 64 rotates around the pivot and drives the second locking lever 63. The second locking lever 63 drives the first locking lever 53 on the other side to move through the linkage transmission rod 7. The first locking lever 53 then drives the transmission linkage assembly 54, causing the first support column 52 and the second support column 62 to retract upwards synchronously, leaving the ground and releasing the support state. When the equipment needs support, press down the operating handle 81 of the manual press 8, and the transmission screw 8... 2. The drive linkage rod 7 is axially displaced, simultaneously causing the first locking lever 53 and the second locking lever 63 to move in tandem. At this time, the first support column 52 and the second support column 62 extend downwards. The limiting blocks 511 on both sides of the first base 51 are adapted to the first locking lever 53 and the transmission linkage assembly 54. When the first locking lever 53 and the transmission linkage assembly 54 form a negative angle, the limiting blocks 511 restrict their movement, achieving mechanical locking. The limiting bosses 611 on both sides of the second base 61 are adapted to the working state of the second locking lever 63 and the unlocking drive assembly 64. After the second support column 62 descends to its position, the limiting bosses 611 intervene to ensure that the second locking lever 63 is stably locked, thereby achieving stable support for the entire device. This symmetrical pure mechanical linkage design, combined with the limiting structure, allows for reliable switching of the support state through simple operation, balancing convenience and stability.
[0028] The specific working principle is as follows: By adopting a purely mechanical structure design, the universal wheels, the first support and stabilizing mechanism 5 and the second support and stabilizing mechanism 6, the linkage transmission rod 7, the manual press 8 and other components are combined in a mechanical linkage manner to achieve the goal of not relying on electric drive and complex electronic control systems. This purely mechanical architecture not only reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty of the equipment, but also improves the reliability and durability of the device. It ensures the stable realization of the sewing machine's movement and support functions in a simple and reliable way. By setting up an integrated control system composed of the linkage transmission rod 7, the manual press 8 and the four-bar linkage mechanism, it achieves the effect of convenient operation by a single person. The operator only needs to press down the handle of the manual press 8, and the transmission screw 82 can drive the linkage transmission rod 7 to move axially, and simultaneously drive the locking levers on both sides to move, realizing the synchronous lifting and precise locking of the support column. This reduces the cumbersome steps of operating multiple components independently and ensures the consistency and timeliness of the switching of the support states on both sides.
[0029] The above are all preferred embodiments of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A portable sewing machine, comprising a worktable (1), characterized in that: A sewing machine body (12) is fixedly mounted on the workbench (1). A first support structure (2) and a second support structure (3) are installed below the workbench (1) and are located on the left and right sides of the workbench (1) respectively. A horizontal support component (31) is installed between the first support structure (2) and the second support structure (3) by fastening bolts. A first universal wheel (4) and a second universal wheel (41) are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the first support structure (2). The first universal wheel (4) and the second universal wheel (41) are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the first support structure (2). A first support stabilizing mechanism (5) is fastened in front of the first universal wheel (4), and a second support stabilizing mechanism (6) is fastened behind the second universal wheel (41). The first support stabilizing mechanism (5) and the second support stabilizing mechanism (6) are used to realize the switching between the sewing machine's moving state and the stable support state.
2. The portable sewing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support stabilizing mechanism (5) includes a first base (51), a first support column (52), a first locking lever (53), and a transmission link assembly (54). The first base (51) is provided with a first support column (52) that can move in the vertical direction. The first support column (52) and the first base (51) are slidably connected by a linear guide pair. The transmission link assembly (54) is pivotally connected to both sides of the first base (51). The first locking lever (53) is axially connected to the first support column (52). The first locking lever (53) and the transmission link assembly (54) are axially connected to achieve force transmission. The first locking lever (53) has an L-shaped structure and its rotation fulcrum is located at the L-shaped inflection point.
3. A portable sewing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission linkage assembly (54) and the first locking lever (53) constitute a four-bar linkage mechanism. Limiting blocks (511) are provided on both sides of the first base (51). The limiting blocks (511) are adapted to the first locking lever (53) and the transmission linkage assembly (54) in the working state. When the head of the first locking lever (53) is pressed down by an external force, the force applied by the first locking lever (53) drives the first support column (52) to move downward. When the first locking lever (53) and the transmission linkage assembly (54) form a negative angle, the limiting blocks (511) restrict the movement of the first locking lever (53) and the transmission linkage assembly (54) to achieve mechanical locking.
4. A portable sewing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second support stabilization mechanism (6) includes a second base (61), a second support column (62), a second locking lever (63), and an unlocking drive assembly (64). The second base (61) is provided with a second support column (62) that can move in the vertical direction. The second support column (62) and the second base (61) are slidably connected by a linear guide pair. The unlocking drive assembly (64) is pivotally connected to both sides of the first base (51). The unlocking drive assembly (64) is provided with an unlocking boss (641) at its end. The second locking lever (63) is axially connected to the second support column (62). The second locking lever (63) has an L-shaped structure and its rotation fulcrum is located at the L-shaped inflection point.
5. A portable sewing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second locking lever (63) and the unlocking drive assembly (64) are axially connected to achieve force transmission. The second base (61) is provided with limiting bosses (611) on both sides. The limiting bosses (611) are adapted to the second locking lever (63) and the unlocking drive assembly (64) in the working state.
6. A portable sewing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a linkage transmission rod (7) and a manual press (8). The linkage transmission rod (7) is connected to the first locking lever (53) and the second locking lever (63) respectively through a universal joint. The manual press (8) is fixed to the internal cavity of the first support structure (2) by a bolt assembly. The manual press (8) includes an operating handle (81) and a transmission screw (82). The transmission screw (82) and the linkage transmission rod (7) transmit force in the middle. When the operating handle (81) of the manual press (8) is operated, the linkage transmission rod (7) is driven to move axially by the downward pressure of the transmission screw (82), thereby synchronously driving the first locking lever (53) and the second locking lever (63) to move, so as to realize the synchronous lifting and lowering of the first support column (52) and the second support column (62).
7. A portable sewing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first universal wheel (4), the second universal wheel (41), the first support and stabilizing mechanism (5), the second support and stabilizing mechanism (6), the linkage transmission rod (7), and the manual press (8) are all arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner at the corresponding positions of the second support structure (3) to form a double-sided synchronous stable support structure.