Photovoltaic module support foundation structure
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522289313.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-29
AI Technical Summary
[0003]有鉴于此，本实用新型提供的一种光伏组件支架基础结构，解决了传统光伏支架基础在冻融区因水分渗入基础与土壤界面反复结冰膨胀导致基础上抬开裂的问题
[0029]采用上述改进方案的有益效果为：将立柱底板固定在透水盖板中心并预留环绕透水区，使支架安装后雨水仍能顺畅穿过盖板进入排水通道，避免立柱底板覆盖通道入口，确保承载与排水功能互不干扰，简化现场安装步骤：先放置集水盲沟，再浇筑带通道与涂层的基础本体，嵌入透水盖板，最后将立柱底板直接锁固于盖板中心即可完成防冻胀基础的搭建。
Smart Images
Figure CN224784939U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic module support technology, and more specifically, it relates to a basic structure for a photovoltaic module support. Background Technology
[0002] The photovoltaic (PV) module support foundation structure is the fundamental load-bearing unit of a ground-mounted PV power station. Its function is to provide a stable and durable installation platform for PV modules in various site environments, ensuring that the modules maintain their designed tilt angle and orientation throughout operation, thereby guaranteeing power generation efficiency and system safety. Common support foundations include cast-in-place concrete independent foundations, reinforced concrete strip foundations, helical piles, and prestressed concrete pipe piles. These foundations, by being buried or screwed into the ground, transfer the self-weight of the upper support and modules, wind pressure, snow pressure, and seismic forces to the soil. Traditional designs typically emphasize vertical bearing capacity and uplift resistance, with reinforcement and pouring based on experience regarding thickness and depth during construction, and the completed structure is considered a permanent component. However, in high-latitude or high-altitude cold regions, and in arid zones with drastic diurnal temperature variations, the soil surrounding the foundation is constantly in a freeze-thaw cycle: when autumn temperatures drop, the soil pore water freezes and expands, generating normal frost heave forces on the foundation sidewalls; when spring temperatures rise, the ice melts, causing a sharp drop in soil strength and uneven settlement of the foundation. Repeated expansion and contraction cause fatigue microcracks in the foundation concrete. These cracks further absorb moisture, exacerbating frost heave damage in the next cycle. More insidiously, frost heave forces often concentrate at the interface between the foundation and the soil, causing the foundation to lift, tilt, or even be completely uprooted. The upper support structure twists accordingly, causing microcracks in the component glass due to torsional stress. Cables and joints are stretched, and the system's power generation efficiency declines year by year. Later maintenance can only be done by secondary grouting, adding diagonal bracing, or complete demolition and reconstruction, which not only increases the total life cycle cost but also causes long-term power plant shutdowns. Although existing technologies have attempted to reduce tangential frost heave forces by wrapping the foundation with polystyrene insulation boards, applying asphalt-based waterproof coatings, or using conical base expansion, these measures are cumbersome to implement, involve a lot of wet work on site, and the waterproof coating is easily scratched by backfill soil. The insulation boards gradually crack and fail under ultraviolet radiation and mechanical impact, making it difficult to form a long-term reliable sealing barrier. In addition, some solutions have reserved vertical drainage holes inside the foundation, but the hole walls are not treated for drainage. Fine-grained soil easily seeps in with water and clogs the holes, becoming a new source of frost heave. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of this, the photovoltaic module support foundation structure provided by this utility model solves the problem of traditional photovoltaic support foundations lifting and cracking due to repeated freezing and expansion of water at the interface between the foundation and the soil in freeze-thaw zones.
[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows:
[0005] This utility model provides a photovoltaic module support base structure, wherein:
[0006] The foundation body has a drainage channel that extends unidirectionally from top to bottom. The top opening of the drainage channel is closed by a permeable cover plate. The upper surface of the permeable cover plate is flush with the top surface of the foundation body and together they support the support column. The bottom opening of the drainage channel penetrates the side wall of the foundation body and connects to a water collection ditch buried below the foundation body.
[0007] The inner wall of the drainage channel is entirely covered with a continuous hydrophobic coating, and the surface of the hydrophobic coating is seamlessly bonded to the base body.
[0008] The water collection blind ditch is located directly below the foundation body and extends horizontally out of the outer contour of the foundation body. The top wall of the water collection blind ditch is directly connected to the bottom opening of the drainage channel, forming a complete gravity drainage path from the permeable cover plate through the drainage channel to the water collection blind ditch.
[0009] The permeable cover, drainage channel, hydrophobic coating, and water collection blind ditch together form a barrier to prevent rainwater or snowmelt from seeping into the interface between the foundation and the surrounding soil.
[0010] The technical effects of the photovoltaic module support foundation structure provided by this utility model are as follows: Through the longitudinally integrated layout of the permeable cover plate, inclined drainage channel, hydrophobic coating and water collection blind ditch, rainwater or snowmelt can only be discharged quickly away from the foundation body along the preset path under the action of gravity, avoiding the retention of liquid at the interface between the foundation and the soil, thereby eliminating the source of frost heave, ensuring that the foundation does not crack or lift during the freeze-thaw cycle, and extending the service life of the photovoltaic support in cold regions.
[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the photovoltaic module support foundation structure of this utility model can be further improved as follows:
[0012] The permeable cover is a porous concrete slab cast integrally. Its bottom surface and the top opening of the drainage channel are complementary in shape and fit together. After fitting, the bearing surface of the permeable cover is coplanar with the top surface of the foundation body.
[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by complementing and embedding the permeable cover plate with the top of the drainage channel and keeping the top surfaces coplanar, it ensures that rainwater flows into the channel in a timely manner and that the load of the support column is directly transferred to the foundation body, avoiding the cracking of the perforated cover plate due to local suspension, and maintaining the long-term coexistence of load-bearing and drainage functions.
[0014] Furthermore, the cross-section of the drainage channel gradually narrows from the top to the bottom to form a conical flow channel, and the bottom opening after narrowing is consistent with the shape of the inlet of the water collection blind ditch and is tightly connected.
[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the conical flow channel design forms an acceleration section from top to bottom in the drainage channel, and the fine sand mixed in the water cannot stay on the inner wall of the channel. It can be self-cleaned and keep the channel unobstructed, thus continuously playing the role of preventing frost heave without the need for manual dredging.
[0016] Furthermore, the hydrophobic coating extends to the outer periphery of the bottom opening of the drainage channel and continuously covers the mating surface of the base body and the water collection blind ditch, forming a water-proof ring around the mating seam.
[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: extending the hydrophobic coating to the joint between the foundation and the drainage ditch and forming a water-proof ring, blocking the backflow path of liquid along the joint, so that even if the groundwater level rises for a short time, it cannot enter the soil around the foundation in reverse, further consolidating the anti-frost heave barrier.
[0018] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the water collection blind drain is an inverted trapezoid, with its two inclined walls extending beyond the bottom surface of the foundation body, and the surface of the inclined walls is provided with a continuous waterproof layer of the same material as the hydrophobic coating.
[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the combination of the inverted trapezoidal blind drain sloping wall and the homogeneous waterproof layer quickly guides the water flowing out of the drainage channel to an area away from the foundation, preventing water accumulation from forming frost heave and ice lenses directly below the foundation, and ensuring the overall stability of the foundation.
[0020] Furthermore, the bottom wall of the drainage ditch is lower than the bottom surface of the foundation body, forming a vertical drop between the two, so that the outlet of the drainage channel is higher than the lowest water storage position of the drainage ditch.
[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the vertical drop between the outlet and the lowest water storage position of the blind drain is used to form a water seal height, so that cold air from the outside cannot enter the drainage channel in reverse through the blind drain, avoids the inner wall of the channel freezing and blockage, and ensures that the drainage and antifreeze function remains effective in winter.
[0022] Furthermore, the outer peripheral sidewall of the base body is provided with an annular water-guiding groove, the bottom surface of the water-guiding groove is flush with the lowest edge of the hydrophobic coating, and the two ends of the water-guiding groove intersect with the extension direction of the water collection blind ditch.
[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the annular water-guiding groove intercepts the surface water that may seep down along the foundation sidewall and directly guides it into the water collection blind ditch, eliminating the dead angle of seepage on the sidewall, forming a dual drainage pattern inside and outside with the internal drainage channel, and improving the reliability of the foundation against frost heave during the snow melting period.
[0024] Furthermore, the upper surface of the permeable cover is distributed with crisscrossing capillary water guiding grooves. The depth of the capillary water guiding grooves is less than the thickness of the permeable cover, and the intersection of all the capillary water guiding grooves is directly opposite the top opening of the drainage channel.
[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the capillary drainage network quickly gathers rainwater falling at any position on the permeable cover to the central confluence point, shortens the residence time of water on the surface of the cover, reduces the chance of infiltrating into the surrounding soil, and makes the anti-frost heave effect independent of the rainfall intensity.
[0026] Furthermore, a compressible annular sealing strip is provided between the permeable cover plate and the top surface of the foundation body. The sealing strip surrounds the top opening of the drainage channel and is embedded in the annular groove on the top surface of the foundation body.
[0027] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: a compressible sealing strip is installed between the cover plate and the foundation. When the support column is under pressure, the sealing strip is further compressed, preventing rainwater from entering the top surface of the foundation from the gaps on the outer edge of the cover plate, forming a secondary seal, and ensuring that the drainage and antifreeze system does not leak for a long time.
[0028] Furthermore, the base plate of the support column is directly fixed to the central area of the permeable cover plate. The outer contour of the base plate is smaller than that of the permeable cover plate, so that a permeable area is left around the outer periphery of the base plate. The permeable area is connected to the top opening of the drainage channel.
[0029] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: fixing the column base plate to the center of the permeable cover plate and reserving a surrounding permeable area allows rainwater to still pass smoothly through the cover plate into the drainage channel after the bracket is installed, avoiding the column base plate covering the channel entrance, ensuring that the load-bearing and drainage functions do not interfere with each other, and simplifying the on-site installation steps: first, place the water collection blind ditch, then pour the foundation body with the channel and coating, embed the permeable cover plate, and finally lock the column base plate directly to the center of the cover plate to complete the construction of the anti-frost heave foundation.
[0030] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the photovoltaic module support foundation structure provided by this utility model are as follows: This utility model constructs an inclined drainage channel running from top to bottom through the sidewall inside the foundation body, and connects a horizontally extending water collection ditch at the channel outlet, forming a continuous drainage path that relies entirely on gravity and requires no external power; the inner wall of the channel is entirely covered with a continuous hydrophobic coating, which keeps the water molecules at a very high contact angle with the wall surface, significantly reducing the adhesion tension. Rainwater or snowmelt enters the channel and rolls off in beads, unable to form a water film on the inner wall, thus eliminating the drawbacks of traditional rough porous walls that are prone to clogging and ice formation; the permeable cover plate is flush with the top surface of the foundation. The shared support columns ensure that rainwater is immediately channeled into the drainage channels upon impact with the foundation surface, preventing prolonged stagnation of liquid at the foundation-soil interface and eliminating free water required for frost heave at its source. The drainage ditch, located directly beneath the foundation and extending outwards, has its top wall tightly connected to the drainage channel outlet, rapidly dispersing collected water to a heat-affected zone far from the foundation, preventing repeated freeze-thaw cycles at the foundation bottom and the formation of ice lenses. A hydrophobic coating extends further to the joint between the foundation and the drainage ditch, forming a waterproof ring around the joint. Even if the groundwater level rises temporarily, it cannot seep back into the surrounding soil along the joint, ensuring the integrity of the frost heave barrier. Because the entire drainage system... The system is completely enclosed within the foundation, preventing damage to the hydrophobic coating from backfill pressure and mechanical impact. This avoids the problems of easy damage and aging associated with traditional external insulation boards or waterproof coatings, allowing for continuous operation after a single construction phase. The support columns are directly fixed to the center of the permeable cover, and the pre-reserved permeable area around the cover ensures that the drainage inlet is not covered after installation. The load-bearing and drainage functions do not interfere with each other. On-site work only requires standard procedures for foundation pouring, blind drain laying, cover embedding, and column installation, eliminating the need for additional insulation, waterproofing, or dredging, significantly simplifying the construction process. In seasonally frozen soil areas, the moisture content of the soil around the foundation remains below the frost heave sensitivity line. Frost heave forces cannot accumulate, preventing fatigue cracking of the foundation concrete. As a result, the upper supports and components maintain their original geometric accuracy, reducing secondary faults such as component microcracks and cable tension. The power plant's operation and maintenance cycle is extended from the traditional annual overhaul to only routine inspections, achieving true maintenance-free operation. At the same time, since the foundation no longer rises or tilts due to frost heave, the component tilt angle remains stable over the long term, ensuring consistent sunlight reception conditions. The system's power generation no longer decreases year by year due to support deformation. This structure also has good versatility, suitable for both new power plants and renovations of existing plants by adding blind drains and coatings through partial excavation, without replacing the original columns and diagonal braces, thus reducing upgrade costs. Attached Figure Description
[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0032] Figure 1 A perspective view of a first embodiment of a photovoltaic module support base structure;
[0033] Figure 2 This is an example diagram of a first embodiment of a photovoltaic module support base structure;
[0034] Figure 3 A perspective view of a second embodiment of a photovoltaic module support base structure;
[0035] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:
[0036] 10. Base body; 11. Water guiding groove; 20. Drainage channel; 21. Permeable cover plate; 211. Capillary water guiding groove; 22. Water collection blind ditch; 30. Support column. Detailed Implementation
[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0038] This utility model provides a photovoltaic module support base structure, wherein:
[0039] The foundation body 10 has a drainage channel 20 that extends unidirectionally from top to bottom. The top opening of the drainage channel 20 is closed by a permeable cover plate 21. The upper surface of the permeable cover plate 21 is flush with the top surface of the foundation body 10 and together they support the support column 30. The bottom opening of the drainage channel 20 penetrates the side wall of the foundation body 10 and connects to the water collection blind ditch 22 buried below the foundation body 10.
[0040] The inner wall of the drainage channel 20 is entirely covered with a continuous hydrophobic coating, and the surface of the hydrophobic coating is seamlessly bonded to the base body 10.
[0041] The water collection blind ditch 22 is located directly below the foundation body 10 and extends horizontally out of the outer contour of the foundation body 10. The top wall of the water collection blind ditch 22 is directly connected to the bottom opening of the drainage channel 20, forming a complete gravity drainage path from the permeable cover 21 through the drainage channel 20 to the water collection blind ditch 22.
[0042] The permeable cover 21, drainage channel 20, hydrophobic coating and water collection blind ditch 22 together form a barrier to prevent rainwater or snowmelt from seeping into the interface between the foundation body 10 and the surrounding soil.
[0043] In the above technical solution, the permeable cover 21 is a porous concrete slab cast integrally. Its bottom surface is complementary to the shape of the top opening of the drainage channel 20 and is fitted and fixed. After fitting, the bearing surface of the permeable cover 21 is coplanar with the top surface of the foundation body 10.
[0044] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the cross-section of the drainage channel 20 gradually narrows from the top to the bottom to form a conical flow channel, and the bottom opening after narrowing is consistent with the shape of the inlet of the water collection blind ditch 22 and is tightly connected.
[0045] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the hydrophobic coating extends to the outer periphery of the bottom opening of the drainage channel 20 and continuously covers the mating surface of the base body 10 and the water collection blind ditch 22, forming a water-proof ring around the mating seam.
[0046] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the longitudinal section of the drainage ditch 22 is an inverted trapezoid, and its two inclined walls extend beyond the bottom surface of the foundation body 10. The surface of the inclined walls is provided with a continuous waterproof layer of the same material as the hydrophobic coating.
[0047] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the bottom wall of the water collection blind ditch 22 is lower than the bottom surface of the foundation body 10, forming a vertical drop between the two, so that the outlet of the drainage channel 20 is higher than the lowest water storage position of the water collection blind ditch 22.
[0048] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the outer peripheral sidewall of the base body 10 is provided with an annular water guiding groove 11, the bottom surface of the water guiding groove 11 is flush with the lowest edge of the hydrophobic coating, and the two ends of the water guiding groove 11 intersect with the extension direction of the water collection blind ditch 22.
[0049] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the upper surface of the permeable cover 21 is distributed with crisscrossing capillary water guiding grooves 211. The depth of the capillary water guiding grooves 211 is less than the thickness of the permeable cover 21, and the intersection of all the capillary water guiding grooves 211 is directly opposite to the top opening of the drainage channel 20.
[0050] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a compressible annular sealing strip is provided between the permeable cover plate 21 and the top surface of the foundation body 10. The sealing strip surrounds the top opening of the drainage channel 20 and is embedded in the annular groove on the top surface of the foundation body 10.
[0051] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the base plate of the support column 30 is directly fixed to the central area of the permeable cover plate 21. The outer contour of the base plate is smaller than the outer contour of the permeable cover plate 21, so that the outer periphery of the base plate has a surrounding permeable area, which is connected to the top opening of the drainage channel 20.
[0052] Specific Implementation Example 1: As shown in the example Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a 35kV distributed photovoltaic power station was constructed on a seasonally frozen grassland in Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia. The site is a gently sloping, fine sandy soil area with a maximum freezing depth of approximately 1.6 meters in winter and significant surface runoff during the spring thaw. During foundation construction, a 1.8m deep pit was first excavated according to a 1.2m × 1.2m plan. After leveling the bottom of the pit, a 10cm thick layer of graded crushed stone was laid as a horizontal drainage ditch. The drainage ditch extended outwards from the foundation outline by 0.5m, with an inverted trapezoidal cross-section. During the formwork stage, a PVC corrugated pipe with an 8° inclination angle was fixed at a predetermined position inside the formwork as a disposable inner formwork. The upper end of the pipe was 5cm from the top surface of the foundation, and the lower end of the pipe extended through the side formwork and was embedded in the crushed stone layer of the drainage ditch, thus forming a sloping drainage channel running from top to bottom within the concrete. After demolding, the pipe wall laitance is immediately blown clean with high-pressure air. Then, modified fluorocarbon emulsion is injected into the pipe, and after static curing, a continuous hydrophobic coating is formed. The lower edge of the coating extends 2cm outward from the pipe outlet, covering the joint between the foundation sidewall and the top of the blind drain. A precast permeable cover plate is embedded at the top of the channel: the cover plate is made of ordinary C30 porous concrete, 8cm thick, with a protrusion machined on the bottom surface matching the inner diameter of the PVC pipe. During installation, the protrusion is pressed into the channel opening. The cover plate is flush with the top surface of the foundation and shares the same top steel mesh to ensure integrated load transfer. The column base plate is a square Q235 steel plate, with four corner bolts directly anchored to the center area of the cover plate. A 6cm wide annular permeable zone is maintained between the base plate edge and the cover plate edge, allowing rainwater to quickly flow into the drainage channel. Backfilling uses in-situ fine sand, compacted in layers to the original surface. During operation, snowmelt in winter enters the channel through the pores of the cover plate, rolls off the hydrophobic coating surface in beads, flows directly into the gravel layer of the blind drain, and drains down the slope. The foundation-soil interface remains unsaturated for a long time, preventing frost heave. During the spring thaw, slope runoff is intercepted by the blind drain and does not infiltrate to the foundation sidewalls. This embodiment relies entirely on gravity drainage, requires no electromechanical equipment, and is suitable for sandy, seasonally frozen areas with slopes of 3°–8° and good permeability, enabling zero-maintenance overwintering.
[0053] Specific Implementation Example 2: As shown in the example Figure 3As shown, at the Jiangsu coastal tidal flat photovoltaic demonstration base, the site is composed of Holocene silty clay, with the groundwater level 0.6m below the surface. Although the groundwater freezes shallowly in winter, the wind speed is high and the salt spray is heavy, making traditional external insulation layers easily torn by the sea wind. The foundation scheme was adjusted to use a 1.5m×1.5m×1.4m square independent foundation, buried at a depth of 1.0m. Within the bottom 0.2m thickness, an inverted trapezoidal drainage ditch was cast in place, filled with graded crushed stone wrapped in polyester non-woven fabric. The crushed stone layer extends outward by 0.8m to form a horizontal drainage strip. The drainage channel was changed to an isosceles trapezoidal cavity formed by splicing two detachable steel formwork pieces. The cavity is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. After demolding, the inner wall was manually coated with two-component polyurea to form a seamless hydrophobic coating. The coating turned outward by 3cm at the bottom opening, covering the junction between the bottom surface of the foundation and the top surface of the drainage ditch. The permeable cover is made of fiber-reinforced concrete, with orthogonal capillary channels 5mm deep and 10mm wide machined on the upper surface. All channels converge at the center, and the lower part of the center is precisely aligned with the upper opening of the trapezoidal channel. A hollow EPDM rubber sealing strip is pasted around the bottom perimeter of the cover, embedded in a 5mm x 5mm chamfered groove pre-drilled in the top surface of the foundation. After the column base plate is locked, it generates 30% compression, preventing salt spray from entering the channel along the edge gaps of the cover. The column base plate size is reduced to 200mm x 200mm, and after being installed in the center, a 10cm wide permeable ring is left around it to ensure rapid water collection during heavy rain. The backfill uses on-site silt mixed with 8% quicklime for improvement, with a compaction degree of 90%, forming a low-permeability shell that forces surface water to preferentially drain into the site's open drainage ditch via the cover-channel-blind ditch path. This embodiment utilizes the chloride ion erosion resistance of polyurea coating, making it suitable for soft soil areas with high water levels, high salt spray, and slight freezing. The improved soil around the foundation works in conjunction with the internal drainage to both suppress frost heave and prevent salt crystallization corrosion. No foundation maintenance is required throughout the entire lifespan.
[0054] Specifically, the principle of this utility model is as follows: Based on the frost heave mechanical principle of "freezing occurs when water is removed," this utility model inhibits the occurrence and development of frost heave by controlling the water content of the soil surrounding the foundation. Its core technology lies in constructing a continuous drainage channel that runs through the foundation body and whose outlet is far from the foundation's heat-affected zone. This allows any free water entering the foundation area to be quickly discharged under gravity, preventing it from freezing in the soil pores. Specifically, the permeable cover utilizes its porous structure to capture precipitation or snowmelt in a timely manner, and through a surface micro-convergence structure, concentrates the water into the inclined drainage channel. The single downward inclination angle of the channel ensures that the water flow is always within the channel. In accelerated conditions, it avoids the defects of traditional horizontal or upward-sloping holes that easily accumulate water; the continuous hydrophobic coating on the inner wall of the channel uses a low surface energy material, causing water to form beaded rolling rather than spreading and wetting between the water and the wall surface, significantly reducing flow resistance, while preventing the alkaline components in the cement matrix from being carried out by water, maintaining the long-term stability of the coating; because the coating is seamlessly bonded to the foundation, water cannot penetrate into the micro-cracks of the concrete, avoiding the vicious cycle of frost heave exacerbated by capillary water absorption in traditional foundations; the drainage channel outlet is directly connected to the top wall of the blind drain, and the inverted trapezoidal cross-section and extended layout of the blind drain allow water to quickly diffuse to a large area of soil far away from the foundation, its top The continuous transition between the wall and the hydrophobic coating forms a complete waterproof interface, blocking the path of groundwater rising along the outer wall of the foundation. The vertical drop created by the bottom wall of the blind drain being lower than the bottom surface of the foundation not only provides water seal height, preventing cold air from entering the drainage channel in winter, but also forms a low-level catchment area during the spring thaw, accelerating the discharge of residual moisture at the bottom of the foundation. The annular water-guiding groove, as an auxiliary water-intercepting structure on the side wall, intercepts surface water that may seep down along the foundation side wall and directly guides it into the blind drain, forming a dual drainage pattern with the internal drainage channel. During the freeze-thaw cycle, the soil around the foundation remains unsaturated, the pore water pressure cannot rise, and the frost heave force... Without the conditions for frost heave to occur, the foundation concrete is thus spared from repeated exposure to normal and tangential frost heave forces. The vertical load transmitted by the support columns is directly diffused to the foundation body through the permeable cover plate. The compressible sealing strip between the cover plate and the body is further compressed under the load, ensuring that the drainage inlet does not leak due to deformation. The load-bearing and drainage functions complement each other rather than conflict within the same space. Since all drainage and waterproofing components are embedded inside the foundation and isolated from the external environment after backfilling, aging factors such as ultraviolet rays, oxidation, and mechanical impact are completely shielded. The structural performance deteriorates very little over time, forming an active anti-freeze system with the same lifespan as the foundation.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module support foundation structure, characterized in that: The foundation body has a drainage channel that extends unidirectionally from top to bottom. The top opening of the drainage channel is closed by a permeable cover plate. The upper surface of the permeable cover plate is flush with the top surface of the foundation body and together they support the support column. The bottom opening of the drainage channel penetrates the side wall of the foundation body and connects to a water collection ditch buried below the foundation body. The inner wall of the drainage channel is entirely covered with a continuous hydrophobic coating, and the surface of the hydrophobic coating is seamlessly bonded to the base body. The water collection blind ditch is located directly below the foundation body and extends horizontally out of the outer contour of the foundation body. The top wall of the water collection blind ditch is directly connected to the bottom opening of the drainage channel, forming a complete gravity drainage path from the permeable cover plate through the drainage channel to the water collection blind ditch. The permeable cover, drainage channel, hydrophobic coating, and water collection blind ditch together form a barrier to prevent rainwater or snowmelt from seeping into the interface between the foundation and the surrounding soil.
2. The photovoltaic module support foundation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permeable cover is a porous concrete slab cast integrally. Its bottom surface and the top opening of the drainage channel are complementary in shape and fit together. After fitting, the bearing surface of the permeable cover is coplanar with the top surface of the foundation body.
3. The photovoltaic module support foundation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-section of the drainage channel gradually narrows from the top to the bottom to form a conical flow channel. The bottom opening after narrowing is consistent with the shape of the inlet of the water collection blind ditch and is tightly connected.
4. The photovoltaic module support foundation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydrophobic coating extends to the outer periphery of the bottom opening of the drainage channel and continuously covers the mating surface of the base body and the water collection blind ditch, forming a water-proof ring around the mating seam.
5. The photovoltaic module support foundation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The longitudinal cross-section of the drainage ditch is an inverted trapezoid, with its two sloping walls extending beyond the bottom surface of the foundation body. The surface of the sloping walls is provided with a continuous waterproof layer of the same material as the hydrophobic coating.
6. The photovoltaic module support foundation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the drainage ditch is lower than the bottom surface of the foundation body, forming a vertical drop between the two, so that the outlet of the drainage channel is higher than the lowest water storage position of the drainage ditch.
7. A photovoltaic module support foundation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer peripheral sidewall of the base body is provided with an annular water-guiding groove. The bottom surface of the water-guiding groove is flush with the lowest edge of the hydrophobic coating, and the two ends of the water-guiding groove intersect with the extension direction of the water collection blind ditch.
8. The photovoltaic module support foundation structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper surface of the permeable cover is covered with crisscrossing capillary drainage channels. The depth of the capillary drainage channels is less than the thickness of the permeable cover. The intersection of all the capillary drainage channels is directly opposite the top opening of the drainage channel.
9. A photovoltaic module support foundation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, A compressible annular sealing strip is provided between the permeable cover plate and the top surface of the foundation body. The sealing strip surrounds the top opening of the drainage channel and is embedded in the annular groove on the top surface of the foundation body.
10. A photovoltaic module support foundation structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The base plate of the support column is directly fixed to the central area of the permeable cover. The outer contour of the base plate is smaller than that of the permeable cover, so that a permeable area is left around the outer periphery of the base plate. The permeable area is connected to the top opening of the drainage channel.