Emergency release mechanism and vehicle comprising same

Abstract

The utility model discloses emergency unlocking mechanism and including the vehicle of this mechanism. Emergency unlocking mechanism includes: the casing, it defines the internal space and has the opening at one side, and emergency opening device is contained in the internal space, the cover plate is set up at the opening of casing, and is connected to the casing via the pivot, thereby can rotate from the closing position of closing the opening to the open position of opening the opening, in the open position, user can approach emergency opening device to carry out emergency unlocking operation, actuator and spare power supply are used for the power supply of actuator, wherein, when detecting that the vehicle is powered off or happens the crash, spare power supply is enabled to power supply actuator to make the cover plate rotate to the open position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model generally relates to an emergency unlocking mechanism, particularly an emergency unlocking mechanism for vehicles. This utility model also relates to a vehicle having the emergency unlocking mechanism and a method for emergency unlocking of the vehicle using the emergency unlocking mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In vehicle collisions or rollovers, the ability of car doors to unlock quickly is directly related to the efficiency of occupant escape and rescue. Traditional car door locking systems mainly rely on electronic control, but they may fail in serious accidents due to power outages or circuit damage. For example, electronic door locks are usually powered by the vehicle's electrical system; a collision may cause a short circuit or a complete power outage, rendering the automatic unlocking function ineffective. Additionally, there are also situations where the entire vehicle loses power during normal use, making it impossible to open the doors.

[0003] Existing solutions include redundant power supplies, mechanical emergency handles (such as trunk escape switches), or external breaching tools; however, the effectiveness of these methods depends on on-site conditions and the operational skills of rescue personnel. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly reliable and less dependent emergency unlocking technology to ensure that vehicle doors can be quickly unlocked in the event of a vehicle accident or a complete power outage, thereby increasing the chances of occupant survival. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention solves the above-mentioned problems by providing an emergency unlocking mechanism, a vehicle having the emergency unlocking mechanism, and a method for emergency unlocking of the vehicle.

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides an emergency unlocking mechanism for a vehicle, comprising: a housing defining an internal space and having an opening on one side, wherein an emergency unlocking device is housed within the internal space; a cover plate disposed at the opening of the housing and connected to the housing via a pivot, thereby being rotatable from a closed position closing the opening to an open position opening the opening, in which a user can access the emergency unlocking device to perform an emergency unlocking operation; an actuator; and a backup power supply for powering the actuator, wherein, when a power failure or collision of the vehicle is detected, the backup power supply is activated to power the actuator, thereby rotating the cover plate to the open position.

[0006] Specifically, the cover includes a panel that closes the opening and a connecting section that connects the panel to the pivot. When in the closed position, the connecting section and the pivot are located within the housing, making them invisible from the outside.

[0007] In one example, the actuator is directly connected to the rotating shaft or connected to the rotating shaft via a gear mechanism to rotatably drive the cover plate to switch between the closed position and the open position. Specifically, the actuator is an electric motor that outputs rotary motion.

[0008] In another example, the actuator is connected to the cover plate to linearly drive the cover plate to rotate about the axis of rotation. Preferably, the actuator is made of shape memory metal, such that it extends to drive the cover plate to rotate when energized and retracts to its original state when de-energized. Alternatively, the actuator is an electric motor, hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or solenoid that outputs linear motion. When the actuator is a hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder, it includes a corresponding hydraulic pump or pneumatic pump. In particular, the output shaft of the actuator may be formed by the motor shaft of an electric motor, the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder, or the core of a solenoid, respectively.

[0009] In yet another example, the emergency unlocking mechanism further includes a locking pin configured to engage with a locking portion on the cover to lock the cover in the closed position, and to retract by the actuator upon detection of a power failure or collision in the vehicle, thereby unlocking the cover. Specifically, a spring is provided to bias the locking pin into the locked position when the actuator is deactivated. Alternatively, the locking pin is driven back to the locked position by the actuator. Preferably, the locking pin is formed by the output shaft of the actuator. The actuator can be an electric motor, hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or solenoid that outputs linear motion. When the actuator is a hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder, it includes a corresponding hydraulic pump or pneumatic pump. Specifically, the locking pin can be formed from the motor shaft of an electric motor, the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder, or the core of a solenoid, respectively.

[0010] In another example, the actuator is a locking pin made of shape memory metal, which is configured to engage with a locking portion on the cover to lock the cover in the closed position, and to be energized to retract upon detection of a power outage or collision of the vehicle, thereby unlocking the cover.

[0011] In another example, the actuator is an electromagnet configured to engage with a permanent magnet on the cover to lock the cover in the closed position, and to be energized to repel the permanent magnet when the vehicle is detected to be powered off or a collision occurs, thereby unlocking and popping the cover open.

[0012] Preferably, the locking part is a protrusion or hole provided on the cover plate.

[0013] Advantageously, the emergency unlocking mechanism further includes an opening spring configured to apply a biasing force to the cover plate to bias the cover plate to the open position when the cover plate is unlocked. Specifically, the opening spring is a torsion spring arranged around the pivot.

[0014] Advantageously, the emergency unlocking mechanism further includes a return spring configured to apply a biasing force to the cover plate to bias the cover plate to the closed position. Specifically, the return spring is either a helical spring connected between the inner wall of the housing and the cover plate, or a torsion spring arranged around the pivot.

[0015] Preferably, the emergency unlocking mechanism further includes a cantilever extending from the inner wall of the housing, the cantilever having a recess on its side facing the cover plate, wherein the cover plate has a protrusion configured to engage with the recess in the closed position and disengage from the recess when the cover plate rotates toward the open position. Specifically, the protrusion has a rounded end, and / or the recess has an inclined side to facilitate disengagement of the protrusion from the recess. Preferably, the cantilever has an inclined or rounded end to allow the protrusion to return to the engagement position with the recess when the cover plate rotates toward the closed position. Advantageously, the emergency unlocking mechanism further includes an opening spring configured to apply a biasing force to the cover plate to bias the cover plate to the open position when the protrusion disengages from the recess. Specifically, the opening spring is a torsion spring arranged around the pivot. In this way, the actuator's output shaft only needs to apply a small displacement to the cover plate to disengage the protrusion from the recess, after which the cover plate will automatically rotate to the open position under the bias force of the opening spring.

[0016] Additionally, the cover is configured to be manually rotated to the open position. Preferably, the end of the cover away from the pivot is provided with a protrusion to facilitate manual operation of the cover.

[0017] Additionally, the emergency unlocking device includes a lock cylinder and / or cable for unlocking the vehicle's door locks. Preferably, the door locks are configured to be locked and inoperable by the emergency unlocking device under normal conditions, and to be unlocked and operable upon detection of a power outage or collision. Since the cover can be opened manually, rendering the door locks inoperable under normal conditions reduces the risk of accidental operation, especially with cable-operated locks. Of course, the door locks can still be operated by the normal electronic control unit under normal conditions.

[0018] Additionally, the backup power source is a battery or a supercapacitor.

[0019] In another aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle including an emergency unlocking mechanism according to the present invention, the emergency unlocking mechanism being disposed on a door of the vehicle. Preferably, the emergency unlocking mechanism is disposed in the door handle.

[0020] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for emergency unlocking of a vehicle, the method comprising: detecting whether the vehicle has lost power or has been involved in a collision using a sensor; if a power outage or collision is detected, a controller outputs a signal to a door lock and an emergency unlocking electric module; releasing the door lock to make it operable; and the emergency unlocking electric module controlling an emergency unlocking mechanism according to the present invention to rotate the cover of the emergency unlocking mechanism to an open position, allowing a user to access the emergency unlocking device housed within the housing of the emergency unlocking mechanism to perform an emergency unlocking operation on the door lock.

[0021] Utilizing the emergency unlocking mechanism and method of this invention, the cover can automatically pop open in the event of a vehicle collision or power failure, thereby exposing the emergency opening device. This allows people to quickly unlock the car doors and enter the vehicle or ambulance occupants. The emergency opening electric module used to pop open the cover is largely independent of the vehicle's electronic control system, while the subsequent unlocking operation relies on mechanical operation, thus providing higher reliability. When the cover pops open, people outside the vehicle are naturally guided to operate the emergency opening device, eliminating the problem of people unfamiliar with the vehicle model not being able to find the opening device. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 An emergency unlocking mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown; Figure 2 A variation of the first embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown, wherein the cover plate is in the closed position; Figure 3 schematically shown Figure 2 The emergency unlocking mechanism is in the open position, with the cover plate in the open position; Figure 4 Another variation according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically; Figure 5 An emergency unlocking mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown; Figure 6 A variation according to the second embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically; Figure 7 and Figure 8An emergency unlocking mechanism according to a third embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown; Figure 9 An emergency unlocking mechanism according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown; Figure 10 A perspective view of a car door handle with an emergency unlocking mechanism according to the present invention is shown; Figure 11 A block diagram of an emergency unlocking method according to the present invention is shown; Figure 12 A flowchart of an emergency unlocking method according to the present invention is shown.

[0023] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Shell 11. Interior Space 12. Opening 13. Shaft seat 14. Cantilever 15. concave part 2. Cover plate 21. Panel 22. Connecting section 23. Protrusion 24. Protrusion 25. Locking part 26. Permanent magnet 3. Shaft 4. Actuator 41. Locking pin 8. Emergency opening device 81. Lock cylinder 82. Pulling wire 10. Emergency unlocking mechanism 20. Handle assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more complete and thorough understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 1An emergency unlocking mechanism 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. The emergency unlocking mechanism 10 includes a housing 1, a cover 2, an actuator 4, and a backup power supply (not shown). The housing 1 defines an internal space 11 and has an opening 12 on one side, within which an emergency unlocking device 8 is housed. The cover 2 is disposed at the opening 12 of the housing 1 and is rotatably connected to the housing 1 via a pivot 3, thereby allowing it to switch between a closed position (closing the opening 12) and an open position (opening the opening 12). When a sensor detects a power failure or a collision, the backup power supply is activated to power the actuator 4, thereby causing the cover 2 to open from a closed position (closing the opening 12) to an open position (opening the opening 12). Figure 1 Rotate from the closed position to the open position as shown. The backup power source can be a battery or a supercapacitor. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the cover plate 2 is a simple plate-like piece, and the pivot 3 is located at the corner of the housing 1. An actuator 4 (e.g., an electric motor) is directly connected to the pivot 3 to apply rotational motion to it, thereby driving the cover plate 2 to rotate.

[0026] Figure 2 and Figure 3 A variation according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically. (and) Figure 1 Unlike the illustrated embodiment, in this variation, the rotating shaft 3 is located within the internal space 11 of the housing 1 and is supported, for example, in a bearing 13 protruding from the inner wall of the housing 1. In this case, the cover plate 2 includes a panel 21 and a connecting section 22 that connects the panel 21 to the rotating shaft 3. When in... Figure 2 In the closed position shown, panel 21 closes opening 12, and connecting section 22 is located within housing 1, making it invisible from the outside. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the output shaft of actuator 4 is directly connected to rotating shaft 3 to apply rotational motion thereto, thereby driving cover 2 to rotate. It is conceivable that actuator 4 can be connected to rotating shaft 3 via gear mechanism or other transmission mechanism to apply appropriate driving force or rotational speed thereto.

[0027] When the sensor detects a power outage or collision, the backup power supply is activated to power actuator 4, thereby causing cover 2 to move from... Figure 2 Rotate the closed position shown (e.g., rotate by 90°) to, for example, Figure 3The open position is shown. In the open position, the user can access the emergency unlocking device 8 to perform an emergency unlocking operation. The emergency unlocking device 8 includes a lock cylinder 81 and a pull cable 82 connected to the door lock, each of which can be operated independently to unlock the door lock in an emergency, thus providing redundant operation. In addition to being driven by the actuator 4, the cover 2 can also be manually rotated to the open position. For this purpose, a protrusion 24 is provided at the end of the cover 2 away from the pivot 3 for easy gripping with fingers. In addition, to prevent accidental operation of the pull cable 82 or the lock cylinder 81 after the cover 2 is manually opened in the normal state, the door lock is configured to be locked in the normal state and cannot be operated by the pull cable 82 or the lock cylinder 81, and to be unlocked and operated when a power failure or collision is detected. Alternatively, only the pull cable 82 can be locked to prevent it from being pulled, and to be unlocked and pulled when a power failure or collision is detected. Figures 1 to 3 In the first embodiment shown or a variation thereof, a return spring (not shown) may be provided to apply a biasing force to the cover plate 2 in the closing direction. When the actuator 4 is activated, it applies a driving force that overcomes the biasing force of the return spring to rotate the cover plate 2 to the open position, and when the actuator 4 is deactivated, the cover plate 2 returns to the closed position under the biasing force of the return spring. It is conceivable that the return spring may be a tension spring connected between the inner wall of the housing 1 and the cover plate 2, or a torsion spring arranged around the pivot 3. In the absence of a return spring, the cover plate 2 may be manually returned to the closed position.

[0028] Figure 4 A further variation of the first embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. In this variation, the emergency unlocking mechanism 10 further includes a cantilever (or plate) 14 extending from the inner wall of the housing 1. A recess 15 is provided on the side of the cantilever 14 facing the cover plate 2, and the cover plate 2 is provided with a corresponding protrusion 23. The protrusion 23 is engaged within the recess 15 to hold the cover plate 2 in a closed position. When the cover plate 2 is driven by the actuator 4 or manually rotated in the opening direction, the protrusion 23 disengages from the recess 15. Figure 4 As shown, the protrusion 23 has a rounded end or a chamfered end, and / or the recess 15 has an inclined side to allow the protrusion 23 to disengage from the recess 15 in the opening direction. Additionally, the end of the cantilever 14 is chamfered or rounded so that the protrusion 23 passes over this end in the closing direction and returns to the position where it engages with the recess 15.

[0029] In this variation, an opening spring (not shown) can be provided to apply a biasing force to the cover plate 2 in the opening direction, thereby biasing the cover plate 2 to the open position when the protrusion 23 disengages from the recess 15. It is conceivable that the opening spring could be a torsion spring arranged around the pivot 3. In this way, the actuator 4 only needs to apply a small-angle rotational movement to the cover plate to disengage the protrusion 23 from the recess 15. Afterward, the cover plate 2 will not require further actuation from the actuator 4, but will automatically rotate to the open position under the biasing force of the opening spring.

[0030] Figure 5 An emergency unlocking mechanism 10 according to a second embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. In this embodiment, the actuator 4 is not connected to the rotating shaft 3, but to the cover plate 2, specifically to the connecting section 22 of the cover plate 2. Furthermore, the actuator 4 applies linear motion instead of rotational motion, thereby linearly driving the cover plate 2 to rotate around the rotating shaft 3. It is conceivable that the actuator 4 can be an electric motor (e.g., a linear motor), a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or a solenoid. Accordingly, the motor shaft of the electric motor, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder, or the core of the solenoid can form the output shaft of the actuator. It is conceivable that, in the case of a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pump can be provided to supply hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder, and it can be powered by a backup power source. Similarly, in the case of a pneumatic cylinder, an air pump can be provided to supply air pressure to the pneumatic cylinder, and it can be powered by a backup power source.

[0031] Those skilled in the art will recognize that other mechanisms, such as slider-groove mechanisms, gear-rack mechanisms, linkage mechanisms, etc., may be included between the output shaft of actuator 4 and cover plate 2 to achieve the required stroke of cover plate 2 between the closed and open positions. As an example, the output shaft of actuator 4 may form a rack that meshes with a gear or gear segment fixed to the connecting section 22 of cover plate 2, thereby driving cover plate 2 to rotate between the closed and open positions through the linear motion of the rack. Similar to the first embodiment, a return spring (not shown) may be provided to apply a biasing force to cover plate 2 in the closing direction.

[0032] Figure 6 A variation according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically. (and) Figure 4Similar to the variant shown, this variant includes a cantilever 14 extending from the inner wall of the housing 1 and having a recess 15 that engages with a protrusion 23 on the cover plate 2. When the cover plate 2 is linearly driven by the actuator 4 or manually rotated in the opening direction, the protrusion 23 disengages from the recess 15. In this variant, an opening spring (not shown) can also be provided to apply a biasing force to the cover plate 2 in the opening direction, thereby biasing the cover plate 2 to the open position when the protrusion 23 disengages from the recess 15. In this way, the actuator 4 only needs to apply a small linear motion to the cover plate to disengage the protrusion 23 from the recess 15. Afterward, the cover plate 2 will not require further actuation by the actuator 4, but will automatically rotate to the open position under the biasing force of the opening spring. Other details of the cantilever 14 and the opening spring are as follows... Figure 4 The same applies, so it will not be repeated here. It should be noted that since the opening spring and the return spring apply biasing force to the cover plate 2 in opposite directions, they do not appear simultaneously in each embodiment.

[0033] In the second embodiment or its variants, instead of linear motion being provided by an electric motor, hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder or solenoid, the actuator 4 itself can be made of shape memory metal, which extends when energized to drive the cover plate 2 to rotate and retracts to its original state when de-energized, thereby providing the required linear motion.

[0034] Figure 7 and Figure 8 An emergency unlocking mechanism 10 according to a third embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. In this embodiment, the actuator 4 does not directly drive the cover plate 2, but is used to lock or unlock the cover plate 2. Specifically, the emergency unlocking mechanism 10 further includes a locking pin 41, which engages with a locking portion 25 formed on the cover plate 2 to hold the cover plate 2 in a closed position. When a vehicle power failure or collision is detected, the locking pin 41 can be driven by the actuator 4 to retract away from the cover plate 2, thereby unlocking the cover plate 2. The cover plate 2 can then be manually rotated to the open position. Alternatively, the aforementioned opening spring can be provided to automatically bias the cover plate 2 to the open position. It is conceivable that the locking pin 41 can be spring-biased back to the locked position, or driven back to the locked position by the actuator 4. It is also conceivable that the locking pin 41 is formed by the output shaft of the actuator 4. The locking portion 25 can take different forms, for example, as shown in the diagram. Figure 7 The hole formed in the connecting section 22 of the cover plate 2, as shown, or as Figure 8 The protrusion formed on the connecting section 22 of the cover plate 2 is shown. It is conceivable that, in order to ensure smooth disengagement from the locking pin 41, the edge of the hole or the side of the protrusion may be chamfered or rounded. Accordingly, in order to ensure that the cover plate 2 rotates smoothly back to the closed position, the portion of the connecting section 22 corresponding to the locking pin 41 may also be chamfered or rounded.

[0035] In a variation of the third embodiment (not shown), instead of the locking pin 41 being linearly driven by the actuator 4, the actuator 4 itself can form the locking pin 41 and is made of shape memory metal. This shape memory metal extends when power is off to engage with and lock the cover plate 2 at the locking portion 25, and retracts away from the cover plate 2 when power is on to unlock the cover plate 2.

[0036] Figure 9 An emergency unlocking mechanism 10 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. In this embodiment, the actuator 4 is an electromagnet whose magnetic poles are configured to engage with a permanent magnet 26 disposed on the connecting section 22 of the cover plate 2 when de-energized, thereby locking the cover plate 2 in a closed position. When a vehicle power failure or collision is detected, the electromagnet is energized to cause a magnetic pole reversal to repel the permanent magnet 26, thereby unlocking the cover plate 2 and springing it open. Subsequently, as an additional step, the cover plate 2 can be manually rotated to the open position. Alternatively, the aforementioned opening spring can be provided to automatically bias the cover plate 2 to the open position. Alternatively, the electromagnet's magnetic poles are configured to engage with the permanent magnet to lock the cover plate 2 when energized, and to repel the permanent magnet when de-energized, thereby unlocking the cover plate 2.

[0037] The emergency unlocking mechanism 10 of this invention can be used in various vehicles, especially in the door handles of vehicles. Figure 10 A perspective view of a door handle with an emergency unlocking mechanism 10 according to the present invention is shown. As shown, the emergency unlocking mechanism 10 is integrated into the handle assembly 20 and forms part of the handle assembly 20. In normal use, the cover 2 of the emergency unlocking mechanism 10 is closed, and the rest of the handle is active. In the event of a collision or power failure, the cover 2 is automatically opened to expose the lock cylinder and cable for emergency unlocking. A semi-recessed handle is shown in the figure, but the emergency unlocking mechanism 10 of the present invention can be incorporated into other types of handles, including but not limited to concealed handles, fixed concealed handles, or fixed conventional handles. Additionally, the emergency unlocking mechanism 10 of the present invention can also be used in handleless doors.

[0038] Figure 11A block diagram of the emergency unlocking method according to the present invention is shown. As shown, the module for executing the control method according to the present invention includes a controller, an emergency unlocking electric module, a backup power supply, a door lock, and a sensor. The sensor detects events such as a power outage or a collision, and sends a detection signal to the controller upon detecting the event. Upon receiving the detection signal, the controller activates the backup power supply to power the emergency unlocking electric module and the door lock, and simultaneously sends commands to the emergency unlocking electric module and the door lock. Next, the door lock is unlocked to an operable state, and the emergency unlocking electric module operates the emergency unlocking mechanism to open the cover and release the emergency unlocking device therein. Afterwards, a person can mechanically unlock the door by operating the emergency unlocking device.

[0039] Figure 12 A flowchart of the emergency unlocking method according to this utility model is shown. As shown, after the method begins, sensors continuously detect whether the vehicle has lost power or whether a collision has occurred. Upon detecting the corresponding event, the controller outputs signals to both the door lock and the emergency unlocking electric module. Subsequently, the door lock is released, thus becoming operable. Simultaneously, the emergency unlocking electric module controls the emergency unlocking mechanism to open the cover. Afterward, the method ends. At this point, the lock cylinder or pull cable housed within the housing is exposed and becomes operable, allowing the user to perform an emergency unlocking operation on the door lock at any time via the lock cylinder or pull cable. The above description, using a vehicle door as an example, illustrates the emergency unlocking mechanism and method according to this utility model. It should be understood that the emergency unlocking mechanism of this utility model is not limited to this application, but can be used in other situations with similar requirements or where emergency unlocking is necessary.

[0040] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0041] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An emergency unlocking mechanism for a vehicle, characterized in that, The emergency unlocking mechanism includes: A housing that defines an internal space and has an opening on one side, within which an emergency opening device is housed; A cover plate is disposed at the opening of the housing and is connected to the housing via a pivot, thereby being able to rotate from a closed position that closes the opening to an open position that opens the opening, in which the user can approach the emergency opening device to perform an emergency unlocking operation; Actuator; and A backup power supply is provided to power the actuator. When a power outage or collision is detected in the vehicle, the backup power supply is activated to power the actuator, thereby rotating the cover to the open position.

2. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuator is directly connected to the rotating shaft or connected to the rotating shaft via a gear mechanism to rotatably drive the cover plate to switch between the closed position and the open position.

3. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuator is connected to the cover plate to linearly drive the cover plate to rotate about the axis of rotation.

4. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The actuator is made of shape memory metal, which allows it to extend when energized to drive the cover plate to rotate, and retract to its original state when energized.

5. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergency unlocking mechanism further includes a locking pin configured to engage with a locking portion on the cover to lock the cover in the closed position, and to be retracted by the actuator upon detection of a power failure or collision of the vehicle, thereby unlocking the cover.

6. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuator is a locking pin made of shape memory metal, which is configured to engage with a locking portion on the cover to lock the cover in the closed position, and to be energized to retract and unlock the cover when the vehicle is detected to be powered off or to be involved in a collision.

7. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuator is an electromagnet configured to engage with a permanent magnet on the cover to lock the cover in the closed position, and to be energized to repel the permanent magnet when the vehicle is detected to be powered off or a collision occurs, thereby unlocking and popping the cover open.

8. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that, The actuator is an electric motor, hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or solenoid.

9. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The locking part is a protrusion or hole provided on the cover plate.

10. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The emergency unlocking mechanism further includes an opening spring configured to apply a biasing force to the cover plate to bias the cover plate to the open position when the cover plate is unlocked.

11. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The emergency unlocking mechanism further includes a return spring configured to apply a biasing force to the cover plate to bias the cover plate to the closed position.

12. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The emergency unlocking mechanism further includes a cantilever extending from the inner wall of the housing, the cantilever having a recess on the side facing the cover plate, wherein the cover plate has a protrusion configured to be engaged in the recess in the closed position and disengage from the recess when the cover plate is rotated toward the open position.

13. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to claim 12, characterized in that, The emergency unlocking mechanism further includes an opening spring configured to apply a biasing force to the cover plate to bias the cover plate to the open position when the protrusion disengages from the recess.

14. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The cover is configured to be manually rotated to the open position.

15. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to claim 14, characterized in that, The end of the cover plate away from the pivot is provided with a protrusion to facilitate manual operation of the cover plate.

16. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The emergency unlocking device includes a lock cylinder and / or a pull cable for unlocking the vehicle's door locks.

17. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to claim 16, characterized in that, The door lock is configured to be locked in a normal state and cannot be operated by the emergency opening device, and to be unlocked and operated when the vehicle is detected to have lost power or been involved in a collision.

18. The emergency unlocking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The backup power source is a battery or a supercapacitor.

19. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes an emergency unlocking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 18, the emergency unlocking mechanism being disposed on the vehicle door.

20. The vehicle according to claim 19, characterized in that, The emergency unlocking mechanism is located in the door handle.

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