Auxiliary coal loading device for thin seam coal mining machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to coal -winning machine technical field discloses a kind of auxiliary coal loading device for thin coal seam coal -winning machine, including coal -winning machine, conveying belt is provided on the coal -winning machine, cutting drum is provided on the coal -winning machine, wherein, auxiliary mechanism is provided on the coal -winning machine, auxiliary mechanism includes fixed rail, movable rail, fixed seat, sliding slot and guide roller, wherein, two fixed rails are fixedly installed on the lower surface of coal -winning machine rack, the auxiliary coal loading device for thin coal seam coal -winning machine, with the sliding cooperation of fixed rail and movable rail, fixed seat and hopper can be driven to adjust position transversely, so that hopper accurately aims at the coal falling point of different cutting areas of cutting drum;While guide roller guides coal to converge to hopper, reduces coal scattering due to position deviation or friction, compared with traditional fixed collection structure, the design greatly expands effective collection range, solves the coal falling collection problem under the space limitation of thin coal seam, improves coal collection rate and mining continuity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal mining machine technology, specifically to an auxiliary coal loading device for a thin coal seam coal mining machine. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mining machines evolved from coal cutters and are one of the important pieces of equipment for realizing the mechanization and modernization of coal mine production. They can reduce physical labor, improve safety, and achieve the goals of high output, high efficiency, and low consumption. Coal mining machines of different structural types need to be equipped with various corresponding auxiliary devices. Commonly used auxiliary devices include: dust suppression (collection) systems, cable dragging devices for power supply cables and water supply pipes, auxiliary coal loading devices, and safety protection devices.

[0003] However, existing auxiliary coal charging devices face a prominent problem in actual operation: during the coal charging process, the cut coal chunks impact the charging plate at high speed and kinetic energy, resulting in a significant impact force. This impact force accumulates continuously as the coal charging operation continues, especially when mining coal seams with high hardness or large chunks. Under such working conditions for a long time, the surface of the charging plate will gradually deform due to the continuous impact load. Initially, it may manifest as localized minor dents or bends, but over time, the degree of deformation will intensify, eventually leading to severe deformation or even breakage of the charging plate. Damage to the charging plate will not only directly affect the coal charging efficiency, causing coal chunk accumulation and poor conveying, but may also require frequent shutdowns to replace the charging plate, increasing equipment maintenance costs and downtime, and adversely affecting the continuity and economy of coal mine production. In view of this, an auxiliary coal charging device for thin coal seam mining machines is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an auxiliary coal loading device for thin coal seam mining machines, which solves the problem of easy damage to the coal loading plates of mining machines.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an auxiliary coal loading device for a thin coal seam mining machine, including a mining machine, a conveyor belt on the mining machine, and a cutting drum on the mining machine; The coal mining machine is equipped with auxiliary mechanisms, which include fixed rails, movable rails, fixed seats, chutes, and guide rollers. Two fixed rails are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the coal mining machine frame, and two movable rails are slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the two fixed rails.

[0006] Preferably, the fixed base is fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two movable rails, and four sliding grooves are formed on the upper surface of the fixed base; The four guide rollers are fixedly installed in the inner walls of the four chutes.

[0007] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism further includes sliding blocks and first springs, with four first springs respectively fixedly installed on the inner surfaces of four sliding grooves, and four sliding blocks respectively fixedly installed on the opposite ends of the four first springs.

[0008] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism further includes support rods, a fixed plate, and a funnel. The four support rods are rotatably connected to the upper surfaces of the four sliding blocks, and the fixed plate is rotatably connected to the upper ends of the four support rods. The fixed plate is slidably sleeved on the inner surface of the fixed seat. The funnel is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixed plate.

[0009] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism further includes a damper, a piston rod, and a second spring. The four dampers are all fixedly installed on the inner surface of the fixed base, and the four piston rods are slidably sleeved on the inner surface of the four dampers. The four piston rods are all fixedly installed on the inner surface of the fixed plate, and the four piston rods are arranged in a cylindrical shape. The four second springs are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the four dampers, and the upper ends of the four second springs are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the fixed plate.

[0010] Preferably, the piston rod is configured in a dovetail shape.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides an auxiliary coal charging device for thin coal seam mining machines, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The auxiliary coal loading device of this thin coal seam mining machine, through the sliding cooperation of the fixed rail and the movable rail, can drive the fixed seat and the funnel to adjust their positions laterally, so that the funnel is accurately aligned with the coal drop point of different cutting areas of the cutting drum; at the same time, the guide roller guides the coal to converge into the funnel, reducing the coal scattering caused by position deviation or friction. Compared with the traditional fixed collection structure, this design greatly expands the effective collection range, solves the problem of coal drop collection under the limited space of thin coal seams, and improves the coal collection rate and mining continuity.

[0012] 2. The auxiliary coal loading device used in this thin coal seam mining machine absorbs the lateral impact of the coal impacting the hopper through the sliding block and support rod. The second spring, together with the damper and piston rod, weakens the longitudinal vibration. The double buffer structure can quickly dissipate the impact force of falling coal blocks and prevent the fixed plate, hopper and other components from being deformed and damaged due to severe vibration. At the same time, the spring reset function ensures that the hopper quickly returns to the working position, reducing the frequency of equipment downtime for maintenance and extending the overall service life of the auxiliary mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an auxiliary coal loading device for a thin coal seam mining machine according to the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the fixing base structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing base of this utility model; Figure 5 This utility model Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the piston rod structure of this utility model.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Coal mining machine; 2. Conveyor belt; 3. Cutting drum; 4. Fixed rail; 5. Movable rail; 6. Fixed seat; 7. Slide chute; 8. Guide roller; 9. Sliding block; 10. First spring; 11. Support rod; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Funnel; 14. Damper; 15. Piston rod; 16. Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] Please see Figure 1-6 This utility model provides a new technical solution: an auxiliary coal loading device for a thin coal seam mining machine, including a mining machine 1, a conveyor belt 2 on the mining machine 1, and a cutting drum 3 on the mining machine 1; Among them, the coal mining machine 1 is equipped with an auxiliary mechanism, which includes a fixed rail 4, a movable rail 5, a fixed seat 6, a chute 7, and a guide roller 8. Two fixed rails 4 are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the frame of the coal mining machine 1, and two movable rails 5 are slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the two fixed rails 4.

[0017] Furthermore, the fixed base 6 is fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two movable rails 5, and four sliding grooves 7 are formed on the upper surface of the fixed base 6; The four guide rollers 8 are fixedly installed in the inner walls of the four slide grooves 7.

[0018] Furthermore, the auxiliary mechanism also includes sliding blocks 9 and first springs 10. The four first springs 10 are respectively fixedly installed on the inner surfaces of the four slide grooves 7, and the four sliding blocks 9 are respectively fixedly installed on the opposite ends of the four first springs 10.

[0019] Furthermore, the auxiliary mechanism also includes support rods 11, fixing plates 12, and funnels 13. The four support rods 11 are rotatably connected to the upper surfaces of the four sliding blocks 9, and the fixing plates 12 are rotatably connected to the upper ends of the four support rods 11. The fixing plates 12 are slidably sleeved on the inner surface of the fixing seat 6. The funnel 13 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixing plate 12.

[0020] Furthermore, the auxiliary mechanism also includes a damper 14, a piston rod 15, and a second spring 16. The four dampers 14 are all fixedly installed on the inner surface of the fixed base 6, and the four piston rods 15 are respectively slidably sleeved on the inner surface of the four dampers 14. The four piston rods 15 are all fixedly installed on the inner surface of the fixed plate 12, and the four piston rods 15 are cylindrical. The four second springs 16 are respectively fixedly installed on the upper surface of the four dampers 14, and the upper ends of the four second springs 16 are all fixedly installed on the lower surface of the fixing plate 12.

[0021] Furthermore, the piston rod 15 is designed in a dovetail shape; Structural Description: Coal Mining Machine 1: It is the core supporting body of the entire auxiliary coal loading device. It not only has the conveyor belt 2 and the cutting drum 3 installed, but also provides a stable installation foundation for components such as the fixed rail 4 of the auxiliary mechanism. It provides a framework support for the coordinated operation of cutting coal seams, conveying coal and auxiliary coal loading, ensuring that all components can operate in an orderly manner around the coal mining operation. It is a key piece of equipment to ensure the continuity of the thin coal seam mining process.

[0022] Conveyor belt 2: Installed on the coal mining machine 1, it undertakes the core task of coal material transportation. After the hopper 13 of the auxiliary mechanism collects the coal material cut by the cutting drum 3, the conveyor belt 2 continuously transports the coal material to the subsequent transportation system, avoiding coal material accumulation in the working area, maintaining the continuity of coal mining and transportation, and directly affecting the overall mining efficiency.

[0023] Cutting drum 3: Installed on the coal mining machine 1, it is a working component that directly acts on the coal seam. It cuts and crushes the thin coal seam through rotational motion, turning the coal seam into collectable coal material. It is the source of coal material for the auxiliary coal charging device. Its cutting effect determines the size of the coal particles and the falling state, providing a prerequisite for the subsequent auxiliary mechanism to collect coal material.

[0024] Fixed rail 4: There are two of them, which are fixed on the lower surface of the coal mining machine 1 frame. They are the sliding base of the movable rail 5. Through its own fixed structure, it limits the sliding direction and range of the movable rail 5, ensuring that the movable rail 5 can move laterally stably, thereby driving other parts of the auxiliary mechanism to adjust their positions, so that the auxiliary mechanism can accurately connect with the coal material falling from the cutting drum 3.

[0025] Movable rail 5: Two slide sleeves are respectively attached to the outer surface of fixed rail 4 and fixedly connected to fixed seat 6. It can slide laterally along fixed rail 4, driving fixed seat 6 and subsequent components such as slide groove 7 and funnel 13 to move synchronously, realizing the overall position adjustment of auxiliary mechanism. By adjusting the position, it can adapt to different cutting areas of cutting drum 3 and avoid coal material from scattering due to position deviation.

[0026] Fixed base 6: Fixed to the opposite sides of the two movable rails 5, it serves as the mounting carrier for multiple components of the auxiliary mechanism. Four grooves 7 are formed on its top for mounting the guide roller 8, the first spring 10, and the sliding block 9. It also fixes the damper 14 and allows the fixed plate 12 to slide within it. By integrating the mounting positions of each component, it ensures the coordinated operation of all components of the auxiliary mechanism and is the structural core of the auxiliary mechanism. Slide grooves 7: Four slide grooves are formed on the upper surface of the fixed base 6, providing installation and movement space for related components. They not only fix the position of the guide roller 8, but also limit the sliding path of the sliding block 9, allowing the sliding block 9 to move stably along the slide grooves 7 and preventing deviation. At the same time, they provide extension and contraction space for the first spring 10, ensuring that the first spring 10 can perform its buffering function normally and guaranteeing the realization of the buffering function of the auxiliary mechanism. Guide rollers 8: Four rollers are fixed to the inner wall of the chute 7, mainly serving to guide the coal. When the coal falling from the cutting drum 3 enters the auxiliary mechanism area, the guide rollers 8 guide the coal towards the funnel 13 through their own rotation, preventing the coal from deviating from the collection path. At the same time, the rotational characteristics reduce the friction between the coal and the chute 7, reducing the coal conveying resistance and improving the coal collection efficiency. Sliding blocks 9: Four blocks are fixed to opposite ends of the first spring 10 and can slide within the slide groove 7. Their upper ends are rotatably connected to the support rod 11. When coal impacts the funnel 13, the impact force is transmitted to the sliding blocks 9 through the fixed plate 12 and the support rod 11, causing them to move along the slide groove 7. Together with the first spring 10, they absorb the impact energy, providing a buffering effect and reducing damage to the auxiliary mechanism components from the impact force. Four first springs 10 are fixed to the inner surface of the slide groove 7, with the other end connected to the sliding block 9. These springs have elastic extension and contraction characteristics. When the sliding block 9 moves due to the impact of coal, the first springs 10 are stretched or compressed, absorbing the impact energy through deformation and slowing the movement speed of the sliding block 9. After the impact disappears, the first springs 10 return to their original shape, causing the sliding block 9 to reset, ensuring that the auxiliary mechanism quickly returns to normal operation. Support rods 11: Four rods are rotatably connected to the upper surface of the sliding block 9 and the lower end of the fixed plate 12, respectively. They are key components connecting the sliding block 9 and the fixed plate 12. They can transmit the movement of the sliding block 9 and the buffering force of the first spring 10 to the fixed plate 12. At the same time, they can adapt to the slight displacement of the fixed plate 12 caused by impact by their own rotation, avoid deformation of the fixed plate 12 under stress, and ensure stable support of the funnel 13. Fixed plate 12: Rotatably connected to the upper end of support rod 11, and slidably sleeved on the inner surface of fixed seat 6. The upper surface fixes funnel 13. It is the direct load-bearing component of funnel 13, providing a stable installation platform for funnel 13. At the same time, it can slide within fixed seat 6 with the impact of coal, and work with support rod 11, first spring 10 and damping components to buffer the impact, ensuring that funnel 13 can still maintain a reasonable collection angle and collect coal normally when impacted. Funnel 13: Fixed to the upper surface of the fixing plate 12, it is the core component for coal collection. Its funnel-shaped structure expands the coal collection range, efficiently collecting the coal falling from the cutting roller 3 and preventing coal from scattering. At the same time, its shape guides the coal to the conveyor belt 2, achieving a precise transition of coal from the cutting area to the conveying channel, greatly improving the coal collection rate. Dampers 14: Four dampers are fixed to the inner surface of the fixed base 6, and piston rods 15 are slidably fitted inside them. They have a damping and buffering function. When the piston rods 15 slide within the dampers 14 as the fixed plate 12 moves, the dampers 14 generate resistance through their internal structure, reducing the sliding speed of the piston rods 15, thereby weakening the vibration between the fixed plate 12 and the funnel 13, absorbing impact energy, and ensuring the smooth operation of the auxiliary mechanism. Piston rods 15: Four piston rods are slidably fitted inside dampers 14 and fixed to the inner surface of the fixed plate 12. They are dovetail-shaped and connect dampers 14 to the fixed plate 12, transmitting the displacement of the fixed plate 12 to the dampers 14, thus cooperating with the dampers 14 to achieve buffering. The dovetail design improves sliding stability, prevents piston rods 15 from disengaging from the dampers 14, and ensures the continuous effectiveness of the buffering function. The second spring 16 consists of four springs, which are respectively fixed on the upper surface of the damper 14 and the lower surface of the fixed plate 12. They work together with the first spring 10 to buffer the impact. When the fixed plate 12 is impacted and moves downward, the second spring 16 is compressed to generate an upward elastic force, which slows down the downward movement. After the impact disappears, the second spring 16 pushes the fixed plate 12 to reset, and the auxiliary funnel 13 quickly returns to the normal collection position, ensuring the continuity of coal collection.

[0027] The auxiliary coal loading device of this thin coal seam mining machine, according to the cutting position of the cutting drum 3, pushes the movable rail 5 to slide along the fixed rail 4, driving the fixed seat 6, fixed plate 12 and funnel 13 to move until the funnel 13 is aligned with the coal falling area below the cutting drum 3. When the mining machine 1 is working, the cutting drum 3 rotates to crush the coal seam. The crushed coal blocks fall under the action of gravity and fall into the funnel 13 below. When the coal blocks slide in the funnel 13, they come into contact with the guide roller 8. The guide roller 8 rolls with the coal blocks, reducing the flow resistance of the coal blocks. The coal blocks fall into the funnel 13 and generate an impact. The impact force causes the fixed plate 12 to move downward. The fixed plate 12 drives the sliding block 9 at the lower end of the support rod 11 to slide outward along the slide groove 7, compressing the first spring 10. Spring 10 generates a reverse elastic force to buffer the lateral impact. At the same time, the fixed plate 12 pushes the piston rod 15 to retract into the damper 14, compressing the second spring 16. The elastic force of the second spring 16 and the damping force of the damper 14 together buffer the longitudinal impact, preventing the fixed plate 12 and the funnel 13 from being damaged by violent vibration. When the coal block slides away from the funnel 13 and the impact disappears, the first spring 10 returns to its original length, pulling the sliding block 9 to slide inward. Through the support rod 11, it pushes the fixed plate 12 to reset upward. The second spring 16 also returns to its original length, pushing the fixed plate 12 upward, causing the piston rod 15 to extend out of the damper 14 and reset. After the funnel 13 resets with the fixed plate 12, it continues to receive the next batch of coal until the coal mining machine 1 completes the cutting of this area.

[0028] Example 1: Application of narrow-width dovetail piston rod in guiding and preventing derailment in high-impact coal falling scenarios Scenario Background: In a certain coal mine, there is a local interlayer in the thin coal seam area. When the cutting drum 3 is crushing the coal seam, it will produce high-impact coal falling mixed with small pieces of gangue. The impact force of a single coal falling is 40% higher than that of the normal working condition. At this time, the longitudinal displacement of the fixed plate 12 increases after being impacted. If the stability of the piston rod and the damper is insufficient, there is a risk of jamming or disengagement, which will lead to the failure of the auxiliary mechanism buffer. The device adopts a narrow dovetail structure with a dovetail groove angle of 60°. The width of the single-sided inclined surface is reduced to 70% of the conventional size, but the surface roughness is controlled below Ra0.8μm. At the same time, a 50mm long guide extension section is added to the bottom of the piston rod to form a long-short fit with the dovetail groove on the inner wall of the damper 14. When high-impact coal hits the funnel 13, the fixing plate 12 drives the piston rod 15 to quickly retract into the damper 14. The wedge-shaped self-locking effect of the narrow dovetail structure is significantly enhanced. The inclined surface of the piston rod is tightly fitted with the groove surface of the inner wall of the damper, and the lateral gap is controlled within 0.1mm to avoid lateral displacement caused by impact. The guide extension section further limits the swing amplitude of the piston rod to prevent it from detaching from the damper during rapid extension and retraction. Field tests show that it effectively ensures the continuity of coal loading under high-impact conditions.

[0029] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An auxiliary coal loading device for a thin coal seam mining machine, comprising a mining machine (1), characterized in that: The coal mining machine (1) is equipped with a conveyor belt (2) and a cutting drum (3). Among them, the coal mining machine (1) is equipped with an auxiliary mechanism, which includes a fixed rail (4), a movable rail (5), a fixed seat (6), a chute (7), and a guide roller (8). Two fixed rails (4) are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the frame of the coal mining machine (1), and two movable rails (5) are slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the two fixed rails (4).

2. The auxiliary coal charging device for a thin coal seam mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed seat (6) is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the two movable rails (5), and four sliding grooves (7) are opened on the upper surface of the fixed seat (6); Among them, four guide rollers (8) are fixedly installed in the inner wall of four slide grooves (7).

3. The auxiliary coal charging device for a thin coal seam mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism also includes a sliding block (9) and a first spring (10). The four first springs (10) are respectively fixedly installed on the inner surface of the four slide grooves (7), and the four sliding blocks (9) are respectively fixedly installed on the opposite ends of the four first springs (10).

4. The auxiliary coal charging device for a thin coal seam mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism also includes support rods (11), a fixing plate (12), and a funnel (13). The four support rods (11) are rotatably connected to the upper surfaces of the four sliding blocks (9), and the fixing plate (12) is rotatably connected to the upper ends of the four support rods (11). The fixing plate (12) is slidably sleeved on the inner surface of the fixing seat (6). The funnel (13) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixed plate (12).

5. An auxiliary coal charging device for a thin coal seam mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism also includes a damper (14), a piston rod (15), and a second spring (16). The four dampers (14) are all fixedly installed on the inner surface of the fixed seat (6). The four piston rods (15) are respectively slidably sleeved on the inner surface of the four dampers (14). The four piston rods (15) are all fixedly installed on the inner surface of the fixed plate (12). The four piston rods (15) are cylindrical. Among them, four second springs (16) are fixedly installed on the upper surface of four dampers (14), and the upper ends of the four second springs (16) are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the fixing plate (12).

6. The auxiliary coal charging device for a thin coal seam mining machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston rod (15) is designed in a dovetail shape.

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