Tunnel concrete spraying mechanism with precise control of spraying amount and device thereof

Abstract

The scheme discloses a tunnel concrete spraying mechanism and device for precisely controlling a spraying amount, which comprises a spraying gun, a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, the feed inlet is used for being connected to a concrete spraying pipeline, and the discharge outlet is a spraying end; an axial flow rotor is rotationally arranged in the spraying gun, and the axial flow rotor is driven to rotate by slurry flowing in a cavity of the spraying gun; a rotating speed sensor is arranged corresponding to the axial flow rotor and is used for detecting a rotating speed of the axial flow rotor; and a display module is arranged on an outer sidewall of the spraying gun and is used for displaying a spraying amount in real time, so that the problem that a traditional spraying operation cannot monitor a concrete spraying output in real time can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel and underground engineering construction equipment, and specifically relates to a tunnel concrete spraying mechanism and device for precisely controlling the spraying volume. Background Technology

[0002] In the initial support construction of tunnels, shotcrete is a crucial process. Its construction quality directly affects the strength, thickness, and cost of the support structure. Currently, effective monitoring methods for the instantaneous spraying volume are generally lacking on construction sites. Spraying operators mainly rely on experience to judge the spraying effect by listening to the sound and observing the dust, or indirectly assess it afterward by measuring rebound and core sampling, which has a significant time lag. This extensive operation method leads to many problems: serious overconsumption of concrete, resulting in high material costs; uneven support thickness, with some areas being too thin, creating safety hazards, while others are too thick, causing waste; and the spraying quality relies excessively on the individual experience of the spraying operator, making it difficult to achieve standardized construction. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device that can monitor and display the spraying volume in real time and accurately, in order to improve tunnel construction quality, reduce costs, and achieve refined operations. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a tunnel concrete spraying mechanism and device for precisely controlling the spraying volume, which solves the problem that traditional spraying operations cannot monitor the concrete spraying output in real time.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0005] Firstly, a tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precisely controlling the spraying volume includes:

[0006] A spray gun includes an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet is used to connect to a concrete spraying pipe and the outlet is the spraying end;

[0007] An axial flow rotor is rotatably disposed inside the spray gun, and the axial flow rotor is driven to rotate by the slurry flowing in the inner cavity of the spray gun.

[0008] A speed sensor is provided corresponding to the axial flow rotor and is used to detect the speed of the axial flow rotor;

[0009] A display module is installed on the outer wall of the spray gun and is used to display the spray volume in real time.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, the spray gun includes:

[0011] The feed pipe section is used to connect to the concrete spraying pipe;

[0012] The injection pipe section is connected to the feed pipe section on the side opposite to the injection end, and the injection pipe section and the feed pipe section form a bent pipe structure;

[0013] The axial flow rotor is coaxially rotatably disposed within the spray pipe section. The axial flow rotor includes a rotating shaft, one end of which, away from the spray end, extends through to the outside of the spray gun and forms a detection end.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, a mounting assembly is provided on the outer side of the spray gun corresponding to the detection end, and the mounting assembly is used to mount the speed sensor.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, the installation component includes:

[0016] The fixing sleeve is a sleeve structure with openings at both ends. One end of the fixing sleeve is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the spray gun and sleeved on the outside of the detection end.

[0017] The mounting sleeve has a speed sensor on one end and is detachably connected to the fixing sleeve on the other end.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, the feed pipe section and the injection pipe section are detachably configured.

[0019] In some specific embodiments, the axial flow rotor includes a rotating shaft and an axial flow sleeve sleeved on the rotating shaft. The axial flow sleeve includes a sleeve body and a plurality of helical blades arranged in a circumferential array on the outside of the sleeve body. The helical blades extend helically along the axial direction.

[0020] In some specific embodiments, a fixing ring is provided on the shaft body on the side opposite to the spray end of the rotating shaft, and the fixing ring is used to position the axial flow sleeve on the rotating shaft; a locking element is detachably provided on the rod body of the rotating shaft near the spray end.

[0021] In some specific embodiments, the display module includes:

[0022] A mounting housing is disposed on top of the spray gun, the mounting housing including a mounting cavity;

[0023] A display screen is disposed on the mounting housing and is used at least to display injection data;

[0024] The controller is located inside the mounting cavity and is used to process injection data;

[0025] The power supply is located inside the mounting cavity.

[0026] In some specific embodiments, the concrete spraying pipe or the spray gun is equipped with a switch valve, which controls the opening and closing of the spraying pipe.

[0027] In a second aspect, a concrete spraying device is provided, comprising a tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precisely controlling the spray volume as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0028] Beneficial effects: This solution provides a tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precise control of spray volume. Its main purpose is to solve the problem that traditional spraying operations cannot monitor the concrete output in real time. This solution provides the spraying operator with intuitive and accurate instantaneous and cumulative spray volume data through a built-in flow monitoring unit and an external display unit, thereby achieving precise control of the spraying process, ensuring uniform support thickness, and reducing material waste. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The advantages and solutions of this application will become clear to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention.

[0030] Appendix Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0031] Appendix Figure 2 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0032] Appendix Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the structure of part A of this utility model;

[0033] Appendix Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1-Spray gun; 2-Axial flow rotor; 3-Speed ​​sensor; 4-Display module; 5-Switch valve; 6-Fixing sleeve; 7-Mounting sleeve; 9-Controller; 10-Display screen; 11-Feed pipe section; 12-Spray pipe section; 13-Housing; 14-Cover plate; 15-Power supply; 16-Locking bolt; 18-Inner ring; 19-Outer ring; 20-Concrete spraying pipe; 21-Rotating shaft; 22-Axial flow sleeve; 23-Detection end; 24-Sleeve body; 25-Helical blade; 27-Fixing ring; 28-Locking element; 101-Feed port; 102-Discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] In the initial support construction of tunnels, shotcrete is a crucial process. Its construction quality directly affects the strength, thickness, and cost of the support structure. Currently, effective monitoring methods for the instantaneous spraying volume are generally lacking on construction sites. Spraying operators mainly rely on experience to judge the spraying effect by listening to the sound and observing the dust, or indirectly assess it afterward by measuring rebound and core sampling, which has a significant time lag. This extensive operation method leads to many problems: serious overconsumption of concrete, resulting in high material costs; uneven support thickness, with some areas being too thin, creating safety hazards, while others are too thick, causing waste; and the spraying quality relies excessively on the individual experience of the spraying operator, making it difficult to achieve standardized construction. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device that can monitor and display the spraying volume in real time and accurately, in order to improve tunnel construction quality, reduce costs, and achieve refined operations.

[0037] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this solution provides a tunnel concrete spraying mechanism and device for precise control of the spraying volume, which can solve the problem that traditional spraying operations cannot monitor the concrete spraying output in real time.

[0038] Firstly, a tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precisely controlling the spraying volume includes:

[0039] The spray gun 1 includes an inlet 101 and an outlet 102. The inlet 101 is used to connect to the concrete spraying pipe 20, and the outlet 102 is the spraying end.

[0040] An axial rotor 2 is rotatably disposed inside the spray gun 1, and the axial rotor 2 is driven to rotate by the slurry flowing in the inner cavity of the spray gun 1.

[0041] A speed sensor 3 is provided corresponding to the axial flow rotor 2 and is used to detect the speed of the axial flow rotor 2;

[0042] Display module 4 is installed on the outer wall of the spray gun 1 and is used to display the spray volume in real time.

[0043] The concrete flow measurement function is directly integrated into the spray gun 1 at the work terminal. The axial flow rotor 2 converts the kinetic energy of the measured concrete into mechanical energy, obtaining its rotational speed. The rotational speed sensor 3 then converts the mechanical energy into an electrical signal, which is finally processed by the display module 4 and converted into intuitive flow data. When concrete is sprayed from the spray gun 1, the axial flow rotor generates a rotational speed, marking the start of timing. Since the concrete flow rate is essentially constant during spraying, this variable, representing the total amount of concrete sprayed over time, can be used to determine the total amount of concrete sprayed. This series of conversions is completed in real-time on the spray gun, providing the sprayer with an unprecedented real-time data perspective. This fundamentally changes the experience-based, extensive work mode and forms the basis for achieving digital and precise spraying operations.

[0044] For example, when spraying concrete in a certain area, the approximate spray volume can be calculated based on pre-calculated theories. This spray volume can then be used as a reference when spraying concrete in other areas, avoiding excessive concrete consumption. Through a built-in flow monitoring unit and an external display unit, the spraying operator is provided with intuitive and accurate instantaneous and cumulative spray volume data, thereby achieving precise control of the spraying process, ensuring uniform support thickness, and reducing material waste.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, the spray gun 1 includes:

[0046] Feed pipe section 11 is used to connect to concrete spraying pipe 20;

[0047] The injection pipe section 12 is connected to the feed pipe section on the side opposite to the injection end, and the injection pipe section 12 and the feed pipe section 11 form an "L" shaped bend structure.

[0048] The axial rotor 2 is coaxially rotatably disposed within the spray pipe section 12. The axial rotor 2 includes a rotating shaft 21. One end of the rotating shaft 21, which is away from the spray end, extends through to the outside of the spray gun 1 and forms a detection end 23.

[0049] The use of a traditional bent-tube structure ensures that the basic operational performance of the spray gun remains unaffected. An axial rotor 2 is positioned within the spray pipe section 12, with its shaft 21's detection end 23 extending to the outside, cleverly directing the internal rotational motion to a static external environment for measurement. This design protects the delicate sensor from severe erosion and wear by the slurry, while also simplifying sensor installation, debugging, and maintenance without requiring disassembly of the spray gun body.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, an installation component is provided on the outer side of the spray gun 1 corresponding to the detection end 23, and the installation component is used to install the speed sensor 3.

[0051] The mounting assembly provides a stable, reliable, and sealed installation environment for the speed sensor 3. This assembly isolates the sensor from harsh external environments such as moisture, dust, and impacts, ensuring its measurement accuracy and lifespan. Furthermore, this modular mounting method facilitates quick sensor replacement or upgrades.

[0052] In some specific embodiments, the installation component includes:

[0053] The fixing sleeve 6 is a sleeve structure with openings at both ends. One end of the fixing sleeve 6 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the spray gun 1 and is sleeved on the outside of the detection end 23.

[0054] The mounting sleeve 7 is a cap-type structure. A speed sensor 3 is provided on one end of the mounting sleeve 7, that is, the speed sensor 3 is located on the closed end of the mounting sleeve, and the other end of the mounting sleeve is detachably connected to the fixing sleeve 6. Preferably, the mounting sleeve 7 and the fixing sleeve 6 are connected by threads.

[0055] The retaining sleeve 6 ensures the accuracy of the installation reference. The detachable connection between the mounting sleeve 7 and the retaining sleeve 6 allows the entire sensor module to be easily removed when the sensor needs to be replaced or calibrated, without affecting the spray gun body and axial rotor, greatly facilitating on-site maintenance.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, the feed pipe section 11 and the injection pipe section 12 are detachably configured.

[0057] Designing the feed pipe section 11 and the spray pipe section 12 as a detachable connection greatly improves the maintainability of the device. When the axial rotor 2 wears down due to long-term use and needs to be replaced, or when the flow channel becomes blocked, the spray pipe section 12 and the axial rotor can be removed for maintenance or replacement simply by disassembling the connecting flange or joint, avoiding the complex disassembly of the entire spray gun or delivery pipeline, and saving maintenance time and labor costs.

[0058] In one embodiment, the injection pipe section 12 is a long straight pipe structure. One end of the injection pipe section 12 corresponding to the feed pipe section includes an inner sleeve 18. The outer wall of the inner sleeve 18 includes external threads. The feed pipe section 11 includes an outer sleeve 19, which contains internal threads that match the inner sleeve 18. Through the threaded connection, the disassembly and assembly of the injection pipe section 12 and the feed pipe section 11 can be greatly facilitated.

[0059] Preferably, the spray gun 1 has a through hole for the end of the rotating shaft 21 to pass through, and a sealing ring is provided between the through hole and the rotating shaft 21 to form a rotation seal and prevent concrete from overflowing.

[0060] The bend of the "L"-shaped bend is located on the spray pipe section 12, and the rotating shaft 21 extends from the bend to the outside of the spray gun 1.

[0061] In some specific embodiments, the axial rotor 2 includes a rotating shaft 21 and an axial sleeve 22 sleeved on the rotating shaft 21. The axial sleeve 22 includes a sleeve body 24 and a plurality of spiral blades 25 arranged in a circumferential array on the outside of the sleeve body 24. The spiral blades 25 extend spirally along the axial direction.

[0062] The inclined surface of the helical blades 25 maximizes the capture of the fluid's kinetic energy and efficiently converts it into the rotor's rotational torque. This ensures that even at low flow rates, the rotor generates a sufficient rotational speed to be detected by the sensor, improving measurement sensitivity and range. The circumferential array of blades guarantees smooth rotation. This is an extremely efficient and reliable fluid-mechanical conversion unit.

[0063] In some specific embodiments, a fixing ring 27 is provided on the shaft body of the rotating shaft 21 opposite to the spray end, and the fixing ring 27 is used to position the installation position of the axial flow sleeve 22 on the rotating shaft; a locking member 28 is detachably provided on the rod body of the rotating shaft 21 near the spray end.

[0064] This ensures the accuracy and long-term stability of the working position of the axial flow sleeve 22. A fixed axial position is a prerequisite for ensuring the accurate conversion relationship between flow rate and rotational speed. The detachable design of the locking element 28 also facilitates the replacement of the axial flow sleeve itself, realizing modular maintenance of the rotor. The axial flow sleeve 22 is locked and fixed to the rotating shaft 21 by the retaining ring 27 and the locking element 28, so that the two can remain relatively fixed and are easy to disassemble and assemble. Preferably, the locking element 28 is a nut, and the rotating shaft 21 includes a corresponding threaded section.

[0065] In some specific embodiments, the display module 4 includes:

[0066] A mounting housing is disposed on the top of the spray gun 1, and the mounting housing includes a mounting cavity;

[0067] Display screen 10 is disposed on the mounting housing and is used at least to display injection data;

[0068] Controller 9 is located inside the mounting cavity and is used to process injection data;

[0069] The power supply 15 is located inside the mounting cavity.

[0070] The mounting housing provides robust protection for the internal electronic components. The display screen 10 provides the operator with a clear and intuitive data reading interface. The controller 9 processes sensor signals and performs flow calculations. It can be a PCB board such as a microcontroller. The power supply 15, such as a lithium battery, provides independent power to the entire system, eliminating reliance on external power sources and making it ideal for use on mobile construction equipment.

[0071] In some specific embodiments, a switch valve 5 is provided on the concrete spraying pipe 20 or the spray gun 1, and the switch valve 5 controls the opening and closing of the spraying pipe.

[0072] When the switch valve 5 is closed, the flow rate is zero, and the display module 4 can be zeroed or calibrated accordingly. When precise control of the injection volume in a certain segment is required, the start and end of the metering can be precisely controlled by opening and closing the switch valve, making the cumulative volume statistics more accurate and meaningful.

[0073] In some specific embodiments, the mounting housing includes a housing 13 and a cover plate 14. The housing 13 is a box structure with an open top, used to house the power supply, controller, and various electronic components. The cover plate 14 is detachably mounted on the top of the box, providing a closed protective space for the electrical components. The box is fixed to the spray gun 1 by locking bolts 16.

[0074] In a second aspect, a concrete spraying device is provided, comprising a tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precisely controlling the spray volume as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0075] Concrete spraying equipment including this mechanism, such as wet spraying trolleys, has real-time flow monitoring capabilities, which greatly improves the overall technical level and construction quality of the machine, making it an intelligent, high-precision modern construction equipment with significant market competitiveness.

[0076] Here is a specific embodiment:

[0077] The spray gun 1 is made of wear-resistant alloy steel, and its traditional bent-tube structure consists of a feed pipe section 11 and a spray pipe section 12 connected by threads. The axial rotor 2 is coaxially supported inside the spray pipe section 12 by bearings. One end of its rotating shaft 21 extends out of the spray gun to form a detection end 23. A fixing sleeve 6 is fixed to the outer wall of the spray gun, surrounding the detection end. A mounting sleeve 7 with a built-in speed sensor 3 is detachably mounted on the fixing sleeve 6. The speed sensor is a Hall sensor, and the sensor probe faces the magnet attached to the detection end 23. The display module 4 is mounted on the top of the spray gun and contains a controller 9, a display screen 10, and a battery 15, which is connected to the speed sensor 3 via a cable.

[0078] like Figure 2As shown, the axial flow rotor 2 includes an axial flow sleeve 22, which is connected and fixed to the rotating shaft 21 by a fixing ring and a locking member. The outer surface of the sleeve body 24 of the axial flow sleeve 22 is provided with several spiral blades 25. When the concrete slurry flows through at high speed, the slurry impacts the inclined surface of the spiral blades 25, generating a tangential force that drives the rotor to rotate.

[0079] Concrete slurry is delivered to the spray gun 1 via the conveying pipe 20 and controlled by the switching valve 5. The high-speed flowing slurry drives the axial rotor 2 to rotate, and its rotational speed is linearly related to the slurry flow rate. The rotational speed sensor 3 detects the rotational speed signal and transmits it to the controller 9. The controller 9 calculates the real-time flow rate (m³ / h or L / min) based on preset parameters such as slurry density and flow channel cross-sectional area, and accumulates the flow rate (m³), which is then clearly displayed on the display screen 10. The sprayer can use this data to adjust the spray gun's movement speed in real time or notify the rear control pump to adjust its displacement, achieving precise spraying.

[0080] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows for mutual communication; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0081] The above steps are provided only to help understand the method, structure, and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precise control of spray volume, characterized in that, include: The spray gun (1) includes an inlet (101) and an outlet (102), wherein the inlet (101) is used to connect to the concrete spraying pipe (20), and the outlet (102) is the spraying end; An axial flow rotor (2) is rotatably disposed inside the spray gun (1), and the axial flow rotor (2) is driven to rotate by the slurry flowing in the inner cavity of the spray gun (1); A speed sensor (3) is provided corresponding to the axial flow rotor (2) and is used to detect the speed of the axial flow rotor (2); The display module (4) is disposed on the outer wall of the spray gun (1) and is used to display the spray volume in real time.

2. The tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precise control of spray volume according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray gun (1) includes: The feed pipe section (11) is used to connect the concrete spraying pipe (20). The injection pipe section (12) is connected to the feed pipe section on the side opposite to the injection end, and the injection pipe section (12) and the feed pipe section (11) form a bent pipe structure; The axial rotor (2) is coaxially rotatably disposed within the spray pipe section (12). The axial rotor (2) includes a rotating shaft (21). One end of the rotating shaft (21) opposite to the spray end extends through to the outside of the spray gun (1) and forms a detection end (23).

3. The tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precise control of spray volume according to claim 2, characterized in that, An installation component is provided on the outer side of the spray gun (1) corresponding to the detection end (23), and the installation component is used to install the speed sensor (3).

4. The tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precise control of spray volume according to claim 3, characterized in that, The installation components include: Fixed sleeve (6), the fixed sleeve (6) is a sleeve structure with openings at both ends, one end of the fixed sleeve (6) is fixedly set on the outer wall of the spray gun (1), and is sleeved on the outside of the detection end (23); Mounting sleeve (7), one end of which is provided with a speed sensor (3), and the other end is detachably connected to the fixing sleeve (6).

5. A tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precisely controlling the spray volume according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feed pipe section (11) and the injection pipe section (12) are detachably installed.

6. The tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precise control of spray volume according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial rotor (2) includes a rotating shaft (21) and an axial sleeve (22) sleeved on the rotating shaft (21). The axial sleeve (22) includes a sleeve body (24) and a plurality of spiral blades (25) arranged in a circumferential array on the outside of the sleeve body (24). The spiral blades (25) extend spirally along the axial direction.

7. A tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precisely controlling the spray volume according to claim 6, characterized in that, A fixing ring (27) is provided on the shaft body of the rotating shaft (21) opposite to the spray end. The fixing ring (27) is used to position the axial flow sleeve (22) on the rotating shaft. A locking member (28) is detachably provided on the rod body of the rotating shaft (21) near the spray end.

8. A tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precise control of spray volume according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display module (4) includes: A mounting housing is disposed on top of the spray gun (1), the mounting housing including a mounting cavity; A display screen (10) is disposed on the mounting housing and is used at least to display injection data; The controller (9) is located inside the mounting cavity and is used to process injection data; The power supply (15) is located inside the mounting cavity.

9. A tunnel concrete spraying mechanism for precise control of spray volume according to claim 1, characterized in that, A switch valve (5) is provided on the concrete spraying pipe (20) or the spray gun (1), and the switch valve (5) controls the opening and closing of the spraying pipe.

10. A concrete spraying device, characterized in that, The tunnel concrete spraying mechanism includes any one of claims 1-9 for precisely controlling the spray volume.

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