Intelligent turnover type tunnel second lining head plate

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of intelligent turnover tunnel second lining stop head plate, it is related to tunnel construction technology field, including trolley connecting frame, adjusting mechanism, inner ring stop block, connecting frame, turnover mechanism and outer ring stop block.Adjusting mechanism supports two-way movement;Turnover mechanism drives outer ring stop block and inner ring stop block accurate alignment.Turnover mechanism includes parallelogram link structure, ensure that keep horizontal posture during turnover, improve sealing reliability.Outer ring stop block is designed with fixed block and floating block, compensate the gap caused by overbreak or underbreak, top flexible pad piece enhances sealing effect.Inner ring stop block integrates vibrating function, guarantee concrete density.The utility model realizes automatic positioning, clamping and sealing, adapt to the construction demand of different section size, and can dynamically compensate the deviation caused by surrounding rock deformation or formwork installation error, prevent concrete leakage, the degree of automation is high in whole construction process, significantly improve construction safety and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to an intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining end plate. Background Technology

[0002] In current tunnel secondary lining construction, the end plate is a key component for sealing the concrete pouring end, and its installation quality directly affects the positioning accuracy of the waterstop and the sealing performance of the concrete joint. Traditional end plates mostly use wooden or steel templates, which are assembled and fixed manually on site, and temporarily reinforced with bolts, wires or support rods.

[0003] This method has significant drawbacks: First, manual installation makes it difficult to ensure a tight fit between the end plate and the tunnel outline, especially in areas with deformed surrounding rock or irregular cross-sections, where gaps are easily formed, leading to concrete leakage and affecting structural strength and appearance quality. Second, the clamping of the embedded waterstop relies entirely on the worker's experience, and often results in displacement, wrinkling, or even damage due to inaccurate positioning and uneven clamping force, severely weakening the waterproofing effect. Third, traditional operations require multiple people to work together at height, which is not only labor-intensive and time-consuming (a single cycle usually takes 6-8 hours), but also poses significant safety risks such as falls from heights.

[0004] Furthermore, existing end plates lack adjustability, making it difficult to adapt to changes in cross-sectional dimensions or construction errors. Frequent disassembly and reassembly result in low efficiency and high material waste. Although some projects have attempted to introduce simple mechanical auxiliary devices, their functions are limited, failing to achieve precise control of the end plate position or automatic clamping of the waterstop. They also lack integrated capabilities for flipping linkage and overall sealing, making it difficult to meet the urgent needs of modern tunnel engineering for efficient, safe, and high-quality construction. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model discloses an intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining end plate.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A smart flip-type tunnel secondary lining end plate includes:

[0008] The trolley connecting frame is installed on the tunnel construction trolley.

[0009] An adjustment mechanism is installed on the trolley connecting frame; the adjustment mechanism is capable of moving and adjusting relative to the trolley connecting frame in both the axial and vertical directions.

[0010] The inner ring stop is mounted on the adjustment mechanism and has an arc-shaped structure; the horizontal and vertical positions of the inner ring stop are adjusted by the adjustment mechanism.

[0011] The connecting bracket is securely connected to the inner ring stop;

[0012] A flipping mechanism is mounted on the connecting frame;

[0013] The outer ring stop is mounted on the flipping mechanism and its shape corresponds to and matches the inner ring stop; the flipping mechanism drives the outer ring stop to be vertically stacked or horizontally offset from the inner ring stop.

[0014] Preferably, the flipping mechanism comprises:

[0015] The tilting frame is securely connected to the outer ring stop;

[0016] The first connecting rod has one end hinged to the connecting frame and the other end hinged to the tilting frame.

[0017] The second link is located on one side of the first link, with one end hinged to the tilting frame and the other end hinged to the connecting frame near the end position.

[0018] The first telescopic cylinder has one end hinged to one end of the second connecting rod extending from the connecting frame, and the other end hinged to the connecting frame; the first telescopic cylinder drives the second connecting rod, which in turn drives the tilting frame to tilt, and the tilting frame remains horizontal throughout the tilting process.

[0019] Preferably, the outer ring stop comprises:

[0020] The fixing block is securely connected to the tilting frame;

[0021] A floating block is positioned above a fixed block.

[0022] The second telescopic cylinder is installed on the fixed block and is used to drive the floating block to move up and down.

[0023] A baffle, installed on a fixed block or a floating block, is used to cover the gap between the fixed block and the floating block.

[0024] Preferably, it is characterized in that:

[0025] A flexible pad is installed on the top of the floating block.

[0026] Preferably, a guide device is installed at an interval between the floating block and the fixed block; the guide device includes a guide post and a guide sleeve that are slidably fitted, and the guide post and the guide sleeve are respectively fastened to the floating block and the fixed block.

[0027] Preferably, the inner ring block is equipped with multiple vibrators at intervals via a telescopic device, and the inner ring block has through holes corresponding to the positions of the vibrator rods; the telescopic device drives the vibrator to move, so that the vibrator rods pass through the through holes of the inner ring block to vibrate the concrete, or retract into the through holes of the ring block to block the through holes.

[0028] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes:

[0029] The longitudinal telescopic mechanism is installed on the trolley connecting frame and can move horizontally relative to the trolley connecting frame;

[0030] The vertical telescopic mechanism is installed on the longitudinal telescopic mechanism; the inner ring stop is installed on the vertical telescopic mechanism.

[0031] Preferably, the longitudinal telescopic mechanism includes:

[0032] The movable sleeve is slidably connected to the trolley connecting frame;

[0033] The third telescopic rod is installed between the movable sleeve and the trolley connecting frame; it is used to drive the movable sleeve to slide along the axial direction of the trolley connecting frame.

[0034] Preferably, the vertical telescopic mechanism includes:

[0035] The column is vertically and slidably connected to the movable sleeve; the top of the column is securely connected to the inner ring stop.

[0036] The fourth telescopic rod is installed between the movable sleeve and the inner ring stop block, and is used to drive the inner ring stop block to move vertically.

[0037] Preferably, the trolley connecting frame, adjustment mechanism, connecting frame and tilting mechanism are all in two sets, located on both sides of the tunnel construction trolley.

[0038] By adopting the technical solution described above, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] (1) This utility model has a simple structure and realizes automatic positioning, clamping and sealing of the end plate system. The trolley connecting frame, as the main connecting structural component of the whole device, ensures reliable fixation between the end plate system and the tunnel construction trolley. The adjustment mechanism can realize bidirectional movement adjustment, which not only adapts to the tunnel construction needs of different cross-sectional sizes, but also dynamically compensates for the positioning deviation caused by the deformation of the surrounding rock or the installation error of the template, improves the fit between the end plate and the rock wall, and effectively prevents grout leakage during concrete pouring. The flipping mechanism drives the outer ring block to flip relative to the inner ring block, avoiding the problem of waterstop deviation or insecure clamping caused by inaccurate positioning in traditional manual operation. The whole process is fully automated and requires no manual intervention, which significantly improves the safety and efficiency of construction, shortens the single operation time to less than 1 hour, and greatly reduces labor costs and safety risks.

[0040] (2) The flipping mechanism of this utility model includes a flipping frame, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod, forming a parallelogram connecting rod structure. This design ensures that the flipping frame maintains a horizontal posture during the flipping process, avoiding the outer ring block from tilting during movement, thereby ensuring the parallelism of its contact surface with the inner ring block, improving the uniformity of the waterstop clamping and the sealing reliability. The first telescopic cylinder serves as a power source, driving the flipping frame to flip synchronously around the hinge point, ensuring that the flipping frame maintains a horizontal state throughout the entire flipping stroke, solving the posture instability problem that may occur in traditional flipping mechanisms, further enhancing the waterstop effect, and reducing local compression damage to the waterstop.

[0041] (3) In the design of the outer ring block, the present invention further enables the outer ring block to have self-adjusting capability by setting fixed blocks and floating blocks, which can dynamically adjust the top height according to the actual contour of the tunnel rock wall to compensate for the gap caused by over-excavation or under-excavation. The top of the floating block is equipped with a flexible pad, which can generate elastic deformation when in contact with the rock wall, effectively sealing the irregular gap between the top of the floating block and the rock wall, preventing grout leakage and improving the density of the contact surface.

[0042] (4) This utility model further integrates a vibration function on the inner ring block, solving the problem of insufficient vibration of concrete in the end area during traditional construction. The telescopic device can drive the vibrator to extend and retract in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the inner ring block as needed, allowing the vibrator to pass through the inner ring block to vibrate the concrete, or retract to close the through hole and prevent concrete from entering the interior of the inner ring block. When the pressure sensor detects the pressure of the preset threshold, it automatically triggers the control system to start the vibrator and vibrate the concrete at a preset frequency and time. This linkage mechanism ensures that the concrete near the waterstop is fully compacted, effectively avoiding the formation of voids or honeycomb defects at the end waterstop position, and improving the durability and waterproof performance of the secondary lining structure. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the flipping mechanism;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping mechanism;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the outer ring stop block.

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the outer and inner ring blocks stacked vertically.

[0052] In the diagram: 1. Trolley connecting frame; 2. Longitudinal telescopic mechanism; 2-1. Movable sleeve; 2-2. Third telescopic rod; 3. Vertical telescopic mechanism; 3-1. Column; 3-2. Fourth telescopic rod; 4. Connecting frame; 5. Inner ring stop block; 6. Tilting mechanism; 6-1. Tilting frame; 6-2. First connecting rod; 6-3. Second connecting rod; 6-4. First telescopic cylinder; 7. Outer ring stop block; 7-1. Fixed block; 7-2. Floating block; 7-3. Second telescopic cylinder; 7-4. Baffle; 7-5. Flexible pad; 7-6. Guide column; 7-7. Guide sleeve; 8. Vibrator. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0054] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed during use. They are only used to facilitate the description of this utility model and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0055] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] Combined with appendix Figures 1-4Item 9, an intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining end plate, includes a trolley connecting frame 1, an adjustment mechanism, an inner ring stop block 5, a flipping mechanism 6, and an outer ring stop block 7. The trolley connecting frame 1 is the main connecting structural component between the entire device and the tunnel construction trolley in this embodiment. It is installed on the tunnel construction trolley and is used to support the entire end plate system and reliably fix it to the trolley. An adjustment mechanism is installed on the trolley connecting frame 1; the adjustment mechanism can move bidirectionally relative to the trolley connecting frame 1 in both the axial and vertical directions, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the overall position of the end plate. This adjustment capability allows the device to adapt to the construction needs of tunnels with different cross-sectional dimensions and can dynamically compensate for positioning deviations caused by surrounding rock deformation or template installation errors during construction, improving the fit between the end plate and the rock wall and effectively preventing grout leakage during concrete pouring.

[0058] An inner ring stop 5 with an arc-shaped structure is installed on the adjustment mechanism, the curvature of which matches the contour of the tunnel secondary lining. The position of the inner ring stop 5 in the horizontal and vertical directions can be independently adjusted by the adjustment mechanism to ensure precise alignment during installation. The inner ring stop 5 is fastened to a connecting frame 4; a flipping mechanism 6 is installed on the connecting frame 4; and an outer ring stop 7 with a shape corresponding to and adapted to the inner ring stop 5 is installed on the flipping mechanism 6. The flipping mechanism 6 drives the outer ring stop 7 to flip relative to the inner ring stop 5, achieving a stacked state in the vertical direction or a misaligned state in the horizontal direction. This avoids the problems of waterstop belt displacement or insecure clamping caused by inaccurate positioning in traditional manual operation.

[0059] During the secondary lining pouring construction of the tunnel, the outer ring stop 7 and the inner ring stop 5 are first positioned in a horizontally offset state, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown in the attached diagram; this facilitates the placement of the embedded waterstop at the top of the inner ring block 5. Then, the inner ring block 5 is moved horizontally to the set position via the adjusting mechanism, bringing it close to the predetermined installation area of ​​the waterstop. Next, the flipping mechanism 6 is controlled to rotate, causing the outer ring block 7 to flip, so that the outer ring block 7 vertically presses against the inner ring block 5, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 9As shown, the embedded waterstop is tightly clamped between the outer ring block 7 and the inner ring block 5, forming a reliable sealing interface. Then, the inner ring block 5 is driven vertically upward by the adjusting mechanism, causing the outer ring block 7 to rise synchronously until the top of the outer ring block 7 is in close contact with the tunnel rock wall, completing the final positioning of the end plate, allowing for concrete pouring. This process is fully automated, requiring no manual intervention, significantly improving construction safety and efficiency. Traditional methods rely entirely on manual installation, fixing, and dismantling of the template end sealing template, typically requiring 2-3 people working at height, posing a fall risk, and a single sealing cycle takes approximately 6-8 hours. In contrast, the intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining end plate of this embodiment, through mechatronics design, achieves automatic positioning, clamping, and sealing of the end plate, reducing the single operation time to less than 1 hour, significantly reducing labor costs and safety risks.

[0060] Furthermore, the trolley connecting frame 1, the adjusting mechanism, the connecting frame 4, and the tilting mechanism 6 are all in two sets, located on the left and right sides of the tunnel construction trolley, arranged symmetrically. This double-sided structural design not only enhances the overall rigidity and stability but also further improves the overall waterproof performance and construction quality of the secondary lining structure.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] Combined with appendix Figure 1 , 5 ~6, an intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining end plate, differing from Embodiment 1 in that, based on Embodiment 1, the flipping mechanism 6 includes a flipping frame 6-1, a first connecting rod 6-2, and a second connecting rod 6-3. The flipping frame 6-1 is fastened to the outer ring stop 7, serving as a support carrier for the outer ring stop 7. One end of the first connecting rod 6-2 is hinged to the connecting frame 4, and the other end is hinged to the flipping frame 6-1, forming part of a four-bar linkage. The second connecting rod 6-3 is located on one side of the first connecting rod 6-2, with one end hinged to the flipping frame 6-1 and the other end hinged to the connecting frame 4 near the end, forming a parallelogram linkage structure. This structure ensures that the flipping frame 6-1 maintains a horizontal posture during the flipping process, preventing the outer ring stop 7 from tilting during movement, thereby ensuring the parallelism of its contact surface with the inner ring stop 5, improving the uniformity of the waterstop clamping and the sealing reliability.

[0063] One end of the first telescopic cylinder 6-4 is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod 6-3 extending from the connecting frame 4, and the other end is hinged to the connecting frame 4. The first telescopic cylinder 6-4 acts as a power source, driving the second connecting rod 6-3 to rotate around its hinge point with the connecting frame 4, thereby causing the tilting frame 6-1 to tilt synchronously around the hinge point between the first connecting rod 6-2 and the connecting frame 4. Since the first connecting rod 6-2 and the second connecting rod 6-3 form a parallelogram mechanism, the tilting frame 6-1 remains horizontal throughout the entire tilting stroke and will not deflect due to changes in gravity or load. This design effectively solves the problem of posture instability that may occur during the operation of traditional tilting mechanisms, ensuring uniform contact pressure distribution between the outer ring stop 7 and the inner ring stop 5, improving the water-stopping effect, and reducing localized compression damage to the water-stop strip.

[0064] Example 3:

[0065] Combined with appendix Figure 2 , 3 7. A smart flip-type tunnel secondary lining stop plate, based on Embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the outer ring stop 7 includes a fixed block 7-1 and a floating block 7-2. The fixed block 7-1 is fastened to the flipping frame 6-1, serving as the main support structure of the outer ring stop 7. The floating block 7-2 is located above the fixed block 7-1 and can be independently raised and lowered relative to the fixed block 7-1. A second telescopic cylinder 7-3 is installed on the fixed block 7-1, and the piston rod of the second telescopic cylinder 7-3 is connected to the floating block 7-2, used to drive the floating block 7-2 to move vertically up and down. This structure enables the outer ring stop 7 to have adaptive adjustment capability, dynamically adjusting the top height according to the actual contour of the tunnel rock wall to compensate for gaps caused by over-excavation or under-excavation.

[0066] A baffle 7-4 is installed on either the fixed block 7-1 or the floating block 7-2. The baffle 7-4 covers the joint between the fixed block 7-1 and the floating block 7-2 to block the gap formed during their relative movement, preventing concrete grout from seeping out and ensuring the sealing integrity of the end area. Furthermore, a flexible pad 7-5 is installed on the top of the floating block 7-2. The flexible pad 7-5 is made of elastic materials such as rubber or polyurethane, which can adapt to the over- or under-excavation profile of the tunnel. When in contact with the rock wall, it undergoes elastic deformation, effectively sealing the irregular gap between the top of the floating block 7-2 and the rock wall, preventing grout leakage and improving the density of the contact surface.

[0067] A guide device is installed at an interval between the floating block 7-2 and the fixed block 7-1. The guide device includes a guide post 7-6 and a guide sleeve 7-7 with corresponding sliding fit. The guide post 7-6 and the guide sleeve 7-7 are respectively fastened to the floating block 7-2 and the fixed block 7-1. The guide device ensures that the floating block 7-2 moves smoothly only in the vertical direction under the drive of the second telescopic cylinder 7-3, avoiding swaying or jamming, and improving motion accuracy and structural reliability. This design not only enhances the adaptability of the outer ring stop 7 to complex rock wall contours, but also improves the sealing performance and construction error tolerance of the entire stop system.

[0068] Example 4:

[0069] Combined with appendix Figures 1-4 8. A smart flip-type tunnel secondary lining end plate, based on any of the embodiments in Examples 1 to 3, wherein the inner ring block 5 is equipped with multiple vibrators 8 at intervals via telescopic devices. The vibrators 8 are existing mature devices, model ZDN50T-360, used for local vibration of concrete near the end plate area. The telescopic device can be a hydraulic telescopic cylinder or a screw-nut transmission pair driven by a motor. When a screw-nut structure is used, the motor drives the screw to rotate, and the nut is fixedly connected to the vibrator 8, thereby converting the rotational motion into linear motion, driving the vibrator 8 to extend and retract in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the inner ring block 5. The inner ring block 5 has through holes corresponding to the positions of the vibrator rods of the vibrators 8; the telescopic device drives the vibrators 8 to move, so that the vibrator rods pass through the through holes of the inner ring block 5 to vibrate the concrete, or retract into the inner ring block 5 to close the through holes and prevent concrete from entering the vibrator mounting cavity of the inner ring block 5.

[0070] This integrated vibration function solves the problem of insufficient concrete vibration in traditional construction, where space constraints in the end-cap area make it difficult to insert external vibrators. Furthermore, a pressure sensor is installed on the side of the inner ring block 5 corresponding to the poured concrete. This pressure sensor can be a piezoresistive pressure sensor of the HPT100 series, which works based on the change in resistance of a semiconductor material under pressure, converted into an electrical signal output by a measuring circuit. When concrete is poured into the end-cap area and pressure is generated, the pressure sensor detects that the pressure has reached a preset threshold, automatically triggering the control system to start the vibrator 8, vibrating the concrete at a preset frequency and time. This linkage mechanism ensures that the concrete near the waterstop is fully compacted, effectively preventing voids or honeycomb defects at the end waterstop location due to insufficient vibration. The vibration operation is linked to the pouring progress in real time, increasing concrete density by 25% and significantly improving the durability and waterproofing performance of the secondary lining structure.

[0071] Example 5:

[0072] Combined with appendix Figures 1-48. A smart flip-type tunnel secondary lining end plate, based on any of the embodiments in Examples 1 to 3, wherein the adjustment mechanism includes a longitudinal telescopic mechanism 2 and a vertical telescopic mechanism 3. The longitudinal telescopic mechanism 2 is mounted on the trolley connecting frame 1 and can move relative to the trolley connecting frame 1 along the tunnel axis, i.e., move horizontally; the vertical telescopic mechanism 3 is mounted on the longitudinal telescopic mechanism 2; the inner ring stop block 5 is mounted on the vertical telescopic mechanism 3, thereby achieving precise positioning of the inner ring stop block 5 in a two-dimensional plane. This two-stage adjustment structure enables the end plate to adapt to cross-sectional changes at different mileage sections and to finely adjust its position according to actual needs during construction, ensuring precise alignment with the waterstop and rock wall.

[0073] The longitudinal telescopic mechanism 2 includes a movable sleeve 2-1 and a third telescopic rod 2-2. The movable sleeve 2-1 is slidably connected to the trolley connecting frame 1 and can slide smoothly along the guide rail or guide groove of the trolley connecting frame 1. The third telescopic rod 2-2 is installed between the movable sleeve 2-1 and the trolley connecting frame 1 and serves as a driving element. Its telescopic movement pushes the movable sleeve 2-1 to slide axially along the trolley connecting frame 1, thereby driving the entire upper structure to move horizontally. This design is compact, has a strong load-bearing capacity, and is suitable for frequent adjustment conditions.

[0074] The vertical telescopic mechanism 3 includes a column 3-1 and a fourth telescopic rod 3-2. The column 3-1 is vertically slidably connected to the movable sleeve 2-1, allowing it to rise and fall freely in the vertical direction. The top of the column 3-1 is securely connected to the inner ring stop 5, transmitting vertical movement to the inner ring stop 5. The fourth telescopic rod 3-2 is installed between the movable sleeve 2-1 and the inner ring stop 5, driving the inner ring stop 5 to move vertically. The fourth telescopic rod 3-2 can be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod, and its stroke can be flexibly set according to the tunnel clearance height. This vertical adjustment function allows the end plate to adapt to the installation requirements of different elevations, and before concrete pouring, fine adjustments can be made to achieve a tight fit with the rock wall, eliminating gaps and preventing grout leakage. The coordinated work of the longitudinal and vertical telescopic mechanisms constitutes a complete two-dimensional adjustment system, significantly improving the versatility, adaptability, and construction accuracy of the device.

[0075] The parts of this utility model not described in detail are prior art. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that this utility model can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and are intended to include all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of equivalents within this utility model.

Claims

1. A smart flip-type tunnel secondary lining end plate, characterized in that, include: The trolley connecting frame (1) is installed on the tunnel construction trolley; An adjustment mechanism is installed on the trolley connecting frame (1); the adjustment mechanism is capable of moving and adjusting relative to the trolley connecting frame (1) in the axial and vertical directions. The inner ring stop (5) is installed on the adjustment mechanism and has an arc-shaped structure; the horizontal and vertical positions of the inner ring stop (5) are adjusted by the adjustment mechanism. The connecting bracket (4) is fastened to the inner ring stop (5); A flipping mechanism (6) is mounted on a connecting frame (4); The outer ring stop (7) is installed on the flipping mechanism (6) and is adapted to the shape of the inner ring stop (5); the outer ring stop (7) and the inner ring stop (5) are driven to be stacked vertically or horizontally offset by the flipping mechanism (6).

2. The intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining stop plate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flipping mechanism (6) includes: The tilting frame (6-1) is securely connected to the outer ring stop (7); The first connecting rod (6-2) has one end hinged to the connecting frame (4) and the other end hinged to the flipping frame (6-1); The second link (6-3) is located on one side of the first link (6-2), with one end hinged to the flipping frame (6-1) and the other end hinged to the connecting frame (4) near the end position; The first telescopic cylinder (6-4) is hinged at one end to the end of the second connecting rod (6-3) extending out of the connecting frame (4), and the other end is hinged to the connecting frame (4); the first telescopic cylinder (6-4) drives the second connecting rod (6-3), the second connecting rod (6-3) drives the flipping frame (6-1) to flip, and the flipping frame (6-1) is always in a horizontal state during the flipping process.

3. The intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining stop plate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer ring stop (7) includes: The fixing block (7-1) is securely connected to the flipping frame (6-1); The floating block (7-2) is positioned above the fixed block (7-1); The second telescopic cylinder (7-3) is mounted on the fixed block (7-1) and is used to drive the floating block (7-2) to move up and down; A baffle (7-4) is installed on a fixed block (7-1) or a floating block (7-2) to cover the gap between the fixed block (7-1) and the floating block (7-2).

4. The intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining stop plate as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A flexible pad (7-5) is installed on the top of the floating block (7-2).

5. The intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining stop plate as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A guide device is installed between the floating block (7-2) and the fixed block (7-1) at an interval; the guide device includes a guide post (7-6) and a guide sleeve (7-7) that are slidably fitted together, and the guide post (7-6) and the guide sleeve (7-7) are respectively fastened to the floating block (7-2) and the fixed block (7-1).

6. The intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining stop plate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner ring block (5) is equipped with multiple vibrators (8) at intervals via telescopic devices. The inner ring block (5) has through holes corresponding to the positions of the vibrating rods of the vibrators (8). The telescopic devices drive the vibrators (8) to move, so that the vibrating rods pass through the through holes of the inner ring block (5) to vibrate the concrete, or retract into the through holes of the inner ring block (5) to block the through holes.

7. The intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining end plate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes: The longitudinal telescopic mechanism (2) is installed on the trolley connecting frame (1) and can move horizontally relative to the trolley connecting frame (1); The vertical telescopic mechanism (3) is installed on the longitudinal telescopic mechanism (2); the inner ring stop (5) is installed on the vertical telescopic mechanism (3).

8. The intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining stop plate as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The longitudinal telescopic mechanism (2) includes: The movable sleeve (2-1) is slidably connected to the trolley connecting frame (1); The third telescopic rod (2-2) is installed between the movable sleeve (2-1) and the trolley connecting frame (1); it is used to drive the movable sleeve (2-1) to slide along the axial direction of the trolley connecting frame (1).

9. The intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining stop plate as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The vertical telescopic mechanism (3) includes: The column (3-1) is vertically and slidably connected to the movable sleeve (2-1); the top of the column (3-1) is fastened to the inner ring stop (5); The fourth telescopic rod (3-2) is installed between the movable sleeve (2-1) and the inner ring stop (5) to drive the inner ring stop (5) to move vertically.

10. The intelligent flip-type tunnel secondary lining end plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The trolley connecting frame (1), adjustment mechanism, connecting frame (4) and tilting mechanism (6) are all in two sets, located on both sides of the tunnel construction trolley.

Images