A plunger structure for a mud pump

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of plunger structures for mud pump, it is related to mud pump technical field, including back cover, working piston column, piston connector and connecting positioning screw rod.Working piston column is hollow structure, and left and right ends are respectively matched with piston connector, back cover through locating surface;Back cover is equipped with double sealing groove, installs sealing ring and high-pressure sealing ring;Connecting positioning screw rod is equipped with internal hexagon hole, locating column and right angle step, and is threadedly connected with piston connector, forms closed cavity;Piston connector is equipped with connecting thread, vertical locating surface and valve core locating surface.The utility model uses split structure, working piston column is preferentially used ceramic material, and wear resistance is strong;Cavity structure reduces weight, reduces kinetic energy loss;Double sealing prevents mud into;High-precision positioning ensures installation accuracy;When maintaining, partial replacement component can reduce cost.The structure can realize mud pump plunger long time stable work, improve work efficiency, with remarkable economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mud pump technology, and in particular to the piston structure technology of mud pumps. Specifically, it is a plunger structure for mud pumps that can work stably for a long time in mud media, is easy to maintain, and is lightweight. Background Technology

[0002] In various engineering projects such as oil drilling, geological exploration, and water conservancy, high-pressure mud pumps are the core equipment for transporting mud media. Their performance and stability directly determine the construction progress and quality of the project. Mud media contains a large number of hard particles such as sand and rock cuttings, which cause more severe wear on the vulnerable parts of the mud pump compared to clean media such as water. Among them, the plunger, as a key moving part of the mud pump, is in continuous contact and friction with the mud during reciprocating motion, making it extremely prone to surface wear, deformation, and even breakage. Existing mud pump plungers mostly adopt a one-piece metal structure. On the one hand, this one-piece structure is heavy, requiring a large amount of kinetic energy to overcome inertia during high-frequency reciprocating motion, leading to reduced mud pump efficiency and increased energy consumption. On the other hand, once local wear and damage occurs in the plunger, the entire plunger needs to be replaced, which is not only costly but also cumbersome, delaying project progress and causing significant economic losses. Furthermore, while some improved plungers have attempted to use wear-resistant materials, structural design limitations mean that the wear-resistant materials can only provide partial coverage, failing to fully utilize their wear-resistant properties, and still not solving the problems of heavy overall weight and inconvenient maintenance.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a mud pump plunger structure with high strength and wear resistance, lightweight design, and easy maintenance and replacement to meet the requirements of engineering construction for long-term stable operation of mud pumps. Utility Model Content

[0004] Purpose of this utility model: To overcome the shortcomings of existing mud pump plungers, such as poor wear resistance, large overall weight, and inconvenient maintenance and replacement, and to provide a plunger structure for mud pumps. Through a split structure design and the application of wear-resistant materials, the plunger achieves long-term stable operation, lightweight operation, and convenient maintenance, thereby improving the working efficiency of mud pumps and reducing engineering costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A plunger structure for a mud pump includes a rear cover plate, a working piston rod, a piston connector, and a connecting positioning screw; the rear cover plate is provided with a sealing ring and a high-pressure sealing ring; the piston connector is provided with a threaded inner hole, a positioning surface, a connecting thread, a vertical positioning surface, and a valve core positioning surface; the connecting positioning screw is provided with a positioning screw fastening thread, a positioning screw internal hexagon, and a working piston rod mounting guide slope.

[0006] Furthermore, the working piston rod is a hollow cylindrical structure with an outer working surface on its outer wall and an inner hole on its inner wall. Both ends of the working piston rod are provided with stepped structures that are adapted to the positioning surface. The left side is installed in close fit with the piston connector through the positioning surface, and the positioning surface ensures that the outer circle of the working piston rod is absolutely perpendicular to the vertical positioning surface of the piston connector, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the piston during the movement of the piston. The right side is installed in fit with the rear cover plate through the positioning surface, effectively preventing the working piston rod from shifting during the installation process.

[0007] Furthermore, a sealing groove is formed on the outer circumference of the rear cover plate, and a high-pressure sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove. When the plunger reciprocates in the mud pump, the high-pressure sealing ring can effectively prevent high-pressure mud medium from entering the piston, preventing internal components from being worn by mud. A countersunk hole is formed on the right end face of the rear cover plate. The size of the countersunk hole is adapted to the head of the connecting positioning screw, so that the head of the connecting positioning screw does not protrude from the outside of the rear cover plate after installation, avoiding interference between the connecting positioning screw and other components of the mud pump. A sealing groove is also formed below the countersunk hole, and a sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove. When the connecting positioning screw is fully tightened, the sealing ring can seal the gap between the connecting positioning screw and the countersunk hole, further preventing high-pressure medium from entering the piston from the gap. The double sealing structure greatly improves the sealing performance of the plunger.

[0008] Furthermore, the right end of the connecting positioning screw is provided with an internal hexagonal socket, which is compatible with commonly used hexagonal wrenches, facilitating quick operation during installation and disassembly and reducing maintenance difficulty. The connecting positioning screw has a positioning post on its shaft, which engages with the positioning groove on the inner wall of the countersunk hole in the rear cover plate, ensuring that the connecting positioning screw does not experience radial offset during installation and guaranteeing installation accuracy. The connecting positioning screw also has a right-angle step. When the connecting positioning screw is threaded into the threaded inner hole of the piston connector through the positioning screw fastening thread, this right-angle step abuts against the end face of the piston connector, limiting the tightening depth of the connecting positioning screw. This ensures that the overall length of the plunger matches the design dimensions, while preventing the working piston from being squeezed by the installation tightening force, preventing deformation of the working piston due to stress from affecting its service life, and ensuring its stable operation over a long period.

[0009] Furthermore, when the connecting positioning screw and the piston connector are fixed in the inner hole of the working piston rod via a threaded connection, the inner hole of the working piston rod, the countersunk hole of the rear cover plate, and the threaded inner hole of the piston connector together form a closed cavity. This cavity structure significantly reduces the overall material usage of the plunger, effectively reducing its weight. This significantly reduces the kinetic energy lost by the plunger in overcoming inertia during reciprocating motion within the mud pump, thereby improving the working efficiency of the mud pump and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, the cavity structure also facilitates maintenance personnel in determining whether the internal seal of the plunger has failed by checking the sealing performance within the cavity, providing a convenient reference for maintenance.

[0010] Furthermore, the left end of the piston connector is provided with a connecting thread, a vertical positioning surface, and a valve core positioning surface; the connecting thread is used to thread the plunger as a whole to the transmission component of the mud pump to realize power transmission; the vertical positioning surface fits with the end face of the mud pump mounting hole to ensure the radial perpendicularity of the plunger during installation; the valve core positioning surface precisely matches the valve core component inside the mud pump to ensure the coaxiality of the valve core and the plunger, and avoid valve core wear or leakage due to installation deviation; the synergistic effect of the vertical positioning surface and the valve core positioning surface meets the high precision requirements for roundness and perpendicularity during plunger installation, ensuring that the plunger will not have radial wobble during high-frequency reciprocating motion, further improving the working stability of the mud pump.

[0011] Furthermore, the working piston rod is preferably made of ceramic material, which has high strength, high hardness, excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and can effectively resist the wear of hard particles in the mud, greatly extending the service life of the working piston rod. Depending on the mud characteristics and usage requirements of different engineering scenarios, the working piston rod can also be made of high-strength metal materials (such as wear-resistant alloy steel) or engineering plastics (such as polytetrafluoroethylene reinforced composite materials) to adapt to the usage requirements under different working conditions and expand the application range of the plunger.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. Lightweight operation: The hollow cylindrical structure and split design significantly reduce the overall weight of the plunger, reduce the kinetic energy consumed by the plunger to overcome the inertia during reciprocating motion, improve the working efficiency of the mud pump, reduce energy consumption, and save operating costs.

[0013] 2. Convenient Maintenance: The split structure design allows each component of the plunger to be replaced independently without the need for overall replacement, reducing maintenance costs; the internal hexagonal design of the connecting positioning screw and the positioning post design make installation and disassembly more convenient and quick, shortening downtime; the cavity structure facilitates the testing of internal sealing, providing a convenient reference for maintenance.

[0014] 3. High-precision positioning: Through the synergistic effect of the positioning surface, vertical positioning surface and valve core positioning surface, the high-precision positioning of the plunger during installation and operation is ensured, avoiding wear and leakage caused by installation deviation or movement, and improving the overall performance and stability of the mud pump.

[0015] 4. High sealing performance: The double sealing structure on the rear cover plate effectively prevents high-pressure mud from entering the piston, preventing internal components from being worn by mud, reducing the risk of failure due to seal failure, and improving the reliability of the mud pump. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of the piston structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a left perspective view of the piston of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a right perspective view of the piston of this utility model.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Rear cover plate; 1.1. Sealing ring; 1.2. High-pressure sealing ring; 2. Working piston rod; 3. Piston connector; 3.1. Threaded inner hole; 3.2. Positioning surface; 3.3. Connecting thread; 3.4. Vertical positioning surface; 3.5. Valve core positioning surface; 4. Connecting positioning screw; 4.1. Positioning screw fastening thread; 4.2. Positioning screw internal hexagonal socket; 4.3. Working piston rod installation guide slope. Detailed Implementation

[0018] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1-3 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a plunger structure for a mud pump, the specific structure of which is as follows: It includes a rear cover plate 1, a working piston rod 2, a piston connector 3, and a connecting positioning screw 4; the rear cover plate 1 is provided with a sealing ring 1.1 and a high-pressure sealing ring 1.2; the piston connector 3 is provided with a threaded inner hole 3.1, a positioning surface 3.2, a connecting thread 3.3, a vertical positioning surface 3.4, and a valve core positioning surface 3.5; the connecting positioning screw 4 is provided with a positioning screw fastening thread 4.1, a positioning screw internal hexagonal socket 4.2, and a guide slope for installing the working piston rod 2.

[0020] Furthermore, the working piston column 2 is a hollow cylindrical structure with an outer working surface on its outer wall and an inner hole on its inner wall. Both the left and right ends of the working piston column 2 are provided with stepped structures that are adapted to the positioning surface 3.2. The left side is installed in close contact with the piston connector 3 through the positioning surface 3.2, and the positioning surface 3.2 ensures that the outer circle of the working piston column 2 is absolutely perpendicular to the vertical positioning surface 3.4 of the piston connector 3, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the piston during the movement. The right side is installed in contact with the rear cover plate 1 through the positioning surface 3.2, effectively preventing the working piston column 2 from shifting during installation.

[0021] Furthermore, a sealing groove is provided on the outer circle of the rear cover plate 1, and a high-pressure sealing ring 1.2 is installed in the sealing groove. When the plunger reciprocates in the mud pump, the high-pressure sealing ring 1.2 can effectively prevent high-pressure mud medium from entering the piston and prevent internal components from being worn by mud. A countersunk hole is provided on the right end face of the rear cover plate 1. The size of the countersunk hole is adapted to the head of the connecting positioning screw 4, so that the head of the connecting positioning screw 4 does not protrude from the outside of the rear cover plate 1 after installation, avoiding interference between the connecting positioning screw 4 and other components of the mud pump. A sealing groove is also provided below the countersunk hole, and a sealing ring 1.1 is installed in the sealing groove. When the connecting positioning screw 4 is fully tightened, the sealing ring 1.1 can seal the gap between the connecting positioning screw 4 and the countersunk hole, further preventing high-pressure medium from entering the piston from the gap. The double sealing structure greatly improves the sealing performance of the plunger.

[0022] Furthermore, the right end of the connecting positioning screw 4 is provided with a positioning screw internal hexagon 4.2. This internal hexagon structure is compatible with commonly used internal hex wrenches, facilitating quick operation by workers during installation and disassembly, and reducing maintenance difficulty. The connecting positioning screw 4 has a positioning post on its shaft, which cooperates with the positioning groove on the inner wall of the countersunk hole of the rear cover plate 1 to ensure that the connecting positioning screw 4 will not be radially offset during installation, ensuring installation accuracy. The connecting positioning screw 4 is also provided with a right-angle step. When the connecting positioning screw 4 is threadedly connected to the threaded inner hole 3.1 of the piston connector 3 through the positioning screw fastening thread 4.1, the right-angle step abuts against the end face of the piston connector 3, limiting the tightening depth of the connecting positioning screw 4, so that the overall length of the plunger is consistent with the design size, while avoiding the working piston 2 from being squeezed by the installation fastening force, preventing the working piston 2 from being deformed due to force and affecting its service life, and ensuring that it can work stably for a long time.

[0023] Furthermore, when the connecting positioning screw 4 and the piston connector 3 are fixed in the inner hole of the working piston column 2 via a threaded connection, the inner hole of the working piston column 2, the countersunk hole of the rear cover plate 1, and the threaded inner hole 3.1 of the piston connector 3 together form a closed cavity. This cavity structure significantly reduces the overall material usage of the plunger, effectively reducing its weight. This significantly reduces the kinetic energy lost by the plunger in overcoming inertia during reciprocating motion within the mud pump, thereby improving the working efficiency of the mud pump and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, the cavity structure also facilitates maintenance personnel in determining whether the internal seal of the plunger has failed by checking the sealing performance within the cavity, providing a convenient reference for maintenance.

[0024] Furthermore, the left end of the piston connector 3 is provided with a connecting thread 3.3, a vertical positioning surface 3.4, and a valve core positioning surface 3.5. The connecting thread 3.3 is used to thread the plunger as a whole to the transmission component of the mud pump to realize power transmission. The vertical positioning surface 3.4 fits against the end face of the mud pump mounting hole to ensure the radial perpendicularity of the plunger during installation. The valve core positioning surface 3.5 precisely matches the valve core component inside the mud pump to ensure the coaxiality of the valve core and the plunger, and avoid valve core wear or leakage due to installation deviation. The synergistic effect of the vertical positioning surface 3.4 and the valve core positioning surface 3.5 meets the high precision requirements for roundness and perpendicularity during plunger installation, ensuring that the plunger will not have radial wobble during high-frequency reciprocating motion, and further improving the working stability of the mud pump.

[0025] Furthermore, the working piston rod 2 is preferably made of ceramic material. Ceramic material has high strength, high hardness, excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, which can effectively resist the wear of hard particles in the mud and greatly extend the service life of the working piston rod 2. Depending on the mud characteristics and usage requirements of different engineering scenarios, the working piston rod 2 can also be made of high-strength metal materials (such as wear-resistant alloy steel) or engineering plastics (such as polytetrafluoroethylene reinforced composite materials) to adapt to the usage requirements under different working conditions and expand the application range of the plunger.

[0026] The installation process in this embodiment is as follows: Install the high-pressure sealing ring 1.2 into the sealing groove on the outer circle of the rear cover plate 1, and install the sealing ring 1.1 into the sealing groove below the countersunk hole of the rear cover plate 1. Install the right side of the working piston rod 2 with the rear cover plate 1 through the positioning surface 3.2 to ensure that the outer circle of the working piston rod 2 is coaxial with the rear cover plate 1; The connecting positioning screw 4 is passed through the inner hole of the working piston column 2, and its positioning column is engaged with the positioning groove of the countersunk hole of the rear cover plate 1. The internal hexagon of the positioning screw 4.2 is inserted by inserting an internal hexagon wrench into the positioning screw 4.1 to initially connect the positioning screw fastening thread 4.1 of the connecting positioning screw 4 with the threaded inner hole 3.1 of the piston connector 3. Install the piston connector 3 with the left side of the working piston rod 2 through the positioning surface 3.2, ensuring that the outer circle of the working piston rod 2 is absolutely perpendicular to the vertical positioning surface 3.4 of the piston connector 3; Continue tightening the connecting positioning screw 4 until the right-angle step of the connecting positioning screw 4 abuts against the end face of the piston connector 3. At this point, the head of the connecting positioning screw 4 does not protrude from the outside of the rear cover plate 1, thus completing the overall installation.

[0027] In the operation of this embodiment, the ceramic outer working surface of the working piston 2 resists mud abrasion, the double sealing structure prevents mud from entering the interior, the cavity structure reduces weight and energy loss, and the high-precision positioning structure ensures stable movement, thus realizing the long-term stable operation of the plunger.

[0028] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A plunger structure for a mud pump, characterized in that, It includes a rear cover plate (1), a working piston column (2), a piston connector (3), and a connecting positioning screw (4); the rear cover plate (1) is provided with a sealing ring (1.1) and a high-pressure sealing ring (1.2); the piston connector (3) is provided with a threaded inner hole (3.1), a positioning surface (3.2), a connecting thread (3.3), a vertical positioning surface (3.4), and a valve core positioning surface (3.5); the connecting positioning screw (4) is provided with a positioning screw fastening thread (4.1), a positioning screw internal hexagonal (4.2), and a working piston column (2) mounting guide slope; The working piston rod (2) is a hollow columnar structure, with stepped structures at both ends that are adapted to the positioning surface (3.2). The left side is installed with the piston connector (3) through the positioning surface (3.2), and the right side is installed with the rear cover plate (1) through the positioning surface (3.2). The outer circle of the rear cover plate (1) is provided with a sealing groove, and the high pressure sealing ring (1.2) is installed in the sealing groove; the right end face of the rear cover plate (1) is provided with a countersunk hole, and a sealing groove is provided below the countersunk hole, and the sealing ring (1.1) is installed in the sealing groove. The right end of the connecting positioning screw (4) is provided with a positioning screw internal hexagon (4.2), and a positioning post is provided on the rod body. The positioning post is matched with the countersunk hole of the rear cover plate (1). The connecting positioning screw (4) is provided with a right-angle step, and is threadedly connected to the inner thread hole (3.1) of the piston connector (3) through the positioning screw fastening thread (4.1). When the connecting positioning screw (4) and the piston connector (3) are connected and fixed in the inner hole of the working piston column (2), a closed cavity is formed; The piston connector (3) has a connecting thread (3.3), a vertical positioning surface (3.4), and a valve core positioning surface (3.5) on its left end.

2. The plunger structure for a mud pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working piston rod (2) cooperates with the piston connector (3) through the positioning surface (3.2) to ensure that the outer circle of the working piston rod (2) is perpendicular to the vertical positioning surface (3.4) of the piston connector (3).

3. The plunger structure for a mud pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The right-angle step of the connecting positioning screw (4) abuts against the end face of the piston connector (3), limiting the tightening depth of the connecting positioning screw (4) so ​​that the overall length of the plunger is consistent with the design dimensions.

4. A plunger structure for a mud pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working piston rod (2) is made of ceramic material, high-strength metal material or engineering plastic.

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