Shock absorber with high efficiency damping force adjustment

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of high-efficiency damping force adjusting shock absorber, including oil reservoir, the guide in the left end of oil reservoir and the working cylinder between the lower side inner wall of guide, working cylinder is equipped with piston inside, piston upper end is equipped with piston rod, piston rod passes through guide upwards, the lower end of oil reservoir and the upper end of piston rod are equipped with bushing fork pipe assembly, the piston will the space inside working cylinder be divided into the upper oil chamber located above piston, the lower oil chamber located below piston;The lower end of working cylinder is equipped with a compression valve assembly matched with lower oil chamber;The piston is equipped with an upper oil chamber oil inlet mechanism;The upper end inner wall of oil reservoir is equipped with first internal thread;The upper portion of guide is screwed with first internal thread, and there is oil passage gap between the lower portion outer wall of guide and the inner wall of oil reservoir.The high-efficiency damping force adjusting shock absorber of the utility model can quickly adjust damping force, realize the effect of high-efficiency adjustment, and can effectively ensure damping performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vibration damper technology, and in particular to a vibration damper with high efficiency for adjusting damping force. Background Technology

[0002] During driving, vehicles rely on shock absorbers in the suspension system to absorb and dampen impacts and vibrations from the road surface. The performance of these shock absorbers directly affects ride comfort and handling stability.

[0003] Traditional shock absorbers have a fixed damping force, which directly affects the stiffness of the shock absorber during vibration and significantly impacts the comfort level. In actual driving, different road conditions are inevitable, making it difficult for shock absorbers with fixed damping forces to simultaneously handle different road conditions. Many existing shock absorbers with adjustable damping forces are often extremely cumbersome to adjust, requiring special tools to be inserted into the shock absorber for adjustment, or even requiring the entire shock absorber to be removed from the vehicle. This makes the entire adjustment process extremely complicated and limits the adjustment efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the existing technical problem by providing a vibration damper that can quickly adjust the damping force, achieving a highly efficient adjustment effect while effectively ensuring vibration reduction performance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model discloses a high-efficiency damping force adjustable shock absorber, including an oil reservoir, a guide located inside the left end of the oil reservoir, and a working cylinder located between the guide and the lower inner wall of the oil reservoir. A piston is provided inside the working cylinder, and a piston rod is provided at the upper end of the piston, passing upward through the guide. Both the lower end of the oil reservoir and the upper end of the piston rod are provided with bushing fork tube assemblies. The piston divides the internal space of the working cylinder into an upper oil chamber located above the piston and a lower oil chamber located below the piston. A compression valve assembly matching the lower oil chamber is provided at the lower end of the working cylinder. An oil inlet mechanism for the upper oil chamber is provided on the piston. A first internal thread is provided on the upper inner wall of the oil reservoir. The upper part of the guide is screwed to the first internal thread. There is an oil passage gap between the lower outer wall of the guide and the inner wall of the oil reservoir; an annular guide portion is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the guide and is fitted outside the piston rod; an annular plug is screwed to the upper end of the oil reservoir through a first internal thread and fitted outside the annular guide portion; an adjustment hole communicating with the upper oil chamber is provided on one side of the upper surface of the guide; a damping adjustment mechanism matching it is provided in the adjustment hole; an oil outlet hole communicating with the adjustment hole is provided on one side of the lower outer wall of the guide; a partition plate located below the guide is provided between the upper outer wall of the working cylinder and the inner wall of the oil reservoir; an overflow pipe is provided on the partition plate between the outer wall of the working cylinder and the inner wall of the oil reservoir, and the lower end of the overflow pipe is adjacent to the compression valve assembly.

[0007] The damping adjustment mechanism includes a second internal thread on the upper inner wall of the adjustment hole; a fixed plug is screwed to the upper part of the adjustment hole via the second internal thread; a matching movable plug is provided in the lower part of the adjustment hole; an adjustment spring is provided between the fixed plug and the movable plug; a limiting hole communicating with the upper oil cavity is provided at the center of the bottom of the adjustment hole; a matching limiting post is screwed into the limiting hole; a limiting head is provided at the upper end of the limiting post, located between the lower surface of the movable plug and the bottom of the adjustment hole; a central hole is provided at the center of the lower end face of the limiting post; an oil inlet hole communicating with the bottom of the central hole is provided on the upper surface of the limiting head; the position where the upper end face of the limiting head and the lower end face of the movable plug are in contact corresponds to the position of the oil outlet hole.

[0008] A buffer groove is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the guide; a buffer pad is provided in the buffer groove outside the piston rod, and the upper end of the working cylinder presses against the outer edge of the lower surface of the buffer pad; there is a flow gap between the inner wall of the buffer pad and the outer wall of the piston rod; a ring-shaped arc protrusion protrudes downward from the middle of the buffer pad.

[0009] The adjusting hole and the limiting hole are coaxial, and the lower ends of both are inclined toward the flow gap.

[0010] The fixed plug has an upper limit groove at the center of its lower surface; the movable plug has a lower limit groove at the center of its upper surface; the upper end of the adjusting spring is engaged in the upper limit groove, and the lower end of the adjusting spring is engaged in the lower limit groove.

[0011] The compression valve assembly includes a compression end cap located at the lower end of the working cylinder; a boss is provided at the center of the upper surface of the compression end cap; a partition is provided on the lower surface of the compression end cap and the lower inner wall of the oil reservoir; an annular oil guide groove is provided on the lower inner wall of the oil reservoir; an oil suction pipe is provided on one side of the partition, opposite to the overflow pipe, and the overflow pipe communicates with the oil guide groove through the oil suction pipe; several through holes are provided on the partition and communicating with the oil guide groove; several guide holes are provided on the boss and communicating with the through holes; a valve plate is provided on the upper surface of the boss, and the outer edge of the valve plate covers and seals the upper opening of the guide hole.

[0012] A pressure seat is located above the boss; a positioning groove is provided at the center of the upper surface of the compression end cap, and a positioning part matching the positioning groove is provided at the center of the lower surface of the pressure seat; a screw hole is provided at the center of the lower surface of the positioning part; a countersunk hole communicating with the center of the bottom of the positioning groove is provided at the center of the lower surface of the compression end cap; a positioning screw passes upward through the countersunk hole and is screwed into the screw hole; a pressure cone surface with a wider upper surface and a narrower lower surface is provided on the lower surface of the pressure seat, and the middle part of the valve plate is locked between the middle part of the upper surface of the boss and the middle part of the lower surface of the pressure seat; an annular stop part extending downward from the outer edge of the pressure seat surrounds the valve plate.

[0013] The upper oil chamber inlet mechanism includes an upper groove at the center of the upper surface of the piston; a lower groove at the center of the lower surface of the piston; the bottom of the lower groove and the bottom of the upper groove are connected by a connecting hole; a connector matching the connecting hole is provided at the center of the lower end face of the piston rod; a fixing hole is provided at the center of the lower end face of the connector; a baffle that fits against the lower surface of the piston is provided; an auxiliary hole is provided at the center of the baffle; a fixing screw passes upward through the auxiliary hole and is screwed into the fixing hole, with the head of the fixing screw pressing against the lower surface of the baffle; the upper surface of the baffle is provided with several... The device features a circumferentially distributed guide groove; several limiting gaskets fitted around the connector are provided between the bottom of the upper groove and the lower end face of the piston rod; a spring hole is provided on one side of the bottom of the upper groove; an oil passage hole communicating with the bottom of the spring hole is provided at the bottom of the lower groove; an oil passage pipe located inside the spring hole is screwed to the upper end of the oil passage hole; an opening and closing plate is provided on the upper end face of the oil passage pipe; an opening and closing spring is provided between the upper surface of the opening and closing plate and the limiting gasket; an oil guide cone surface is provided on the outer wall of the upper end of the piston; an inclined hole communicating with the spring hole is provided on the oil guide cone surface, with the inner end of the inclined hole tilting downwards.

[0014] A pressure relief hole is provided on one side of the lower outer wall of the guide; an annular oil seal groove is provided on the inner wall of the guide; an oil seal is provided in the oil seal groove outside the piston rod; an oil guide channel is provided on the lower inner wall of the oil seal groove; the inner end of the pressure relief hole is inclined upward and communicates with the oil guide channel.

[0015] A dustproof end cap is provided on the upper end of the piston rod, and an outer dustproof cover is screwed onto the dustproof end cap to cover the oil reservoir; an inner dustproof cover is provided between the upper end of the piston rod and the annular guide part, and the inner dustproof cover is inside the outer dustproof cover; the inner dustproof cover is made of rubber; an exhaust hole communicating with its internal space is provided on one side of the upper end of the inner dustproof cover.

[0016] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the high-efficiency damping force adjustment shock absorber using the structure of this utility model only requires unscrewing the annular plug from the top of the oil reservoir to expose the fixed plug directly to the outside. At this time, the fixed plug can be rotated directly through the upper port of the oil reservoir to change the distance between the fixed plug and the movable plug, thereby effectively changing the resistance encountered by the hydraulic oil when pushing the movable plug upward, and realizing rapid adjustment of the damping force. The entire adjustment process does not require the use of special tools to penetrate into the shock absorber, nor does it require disassembling the entire shock absorber, which can effectively ensure the efficiency of damping force adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-efficiency damping force adjustable vibration damper of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An enlarged view of part A;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 An enlarged view of part B;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of part C;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 An enlarged view of part D. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 5This utility model provides a high-efficiency damping force adjustable shock absorber, including an oil reservoir 1, a guide 2 located inside the left end of the oil reservoir 1, and a working cylinder 3 located between the guide 2 and the lower inner wall of the oil reservoir 1. The working cylinder 3 contains a piston 4, with a piston rod 5 at its upper end. The piston rod 5 passes upward through the guide 2. Both the lower end of the oil reservoir 1 and the upper end of the piston rod 5 are provided with bushing fork tube assemblies 6. The piston 4 divides the internal space of the working cylinder 3 into an upper oil chamber 7 located above the piston 4 and a lower oil chamber 8 located below the piston 4. The lower end of the working cylinder 3 is provided with a compression valve assembly matching the lower oil chamber 8. The piston 4 is provided with an upper oil chamber inlet mechanism. The upper inner wall of the oil reservoir 1 is provided with a first internal thread 9. The upper part of the guide 2 is screwed to the first internal thread 9. There is an oil passage gap 10 between the lower outer wall of the guide 2 and the inner wall of the oil reservoir 1; an annular guide part 11 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the guide 2 and is fitted outside the piston rod 5; an annular screw plug 12 is screwed to the upper end of the oil reservoir 1 through the first internal thread 9 and is fitted outside the annular guide part 11; an adjustment hole 13 is provided on one side of the upper surface of the guide 2 and communicates with the upper oil chamber 7; a damping adjustment mechanism matching it is provided in the adjustment hole 13; an oil outlet hole 14 communicating with the adjustment hole 13 is provided on one side of the lower outer wall of the guide 2; a partition 15 located below the guide 2 is provided between the upper outer wall of the working cylinder 3 and the inner wall of the oil reservoir 1; an overflow pipe 16 is provided on the partition 15 between the outer wall of the working cylinder 3 and the inner wall of the oil reservoir 1, and the lower end of the overflow pipe 16 is adjacent to the compression valve assembly.

[0025] The damping adjustment mechanism includes a second internal thread 17 on the upper inner wall of the adjustment hole 13; a fixed plug 18 is screwed onto the upper part of the adjustment hole 13 via the second internal thread 17; a matching movable plug 19 is provided in the lower part of the adjustment hole 13; an adjustment spring 20 is provided between the fixed plug 18 and the movable plug 19; a limiting hole 21 communicating with the upper oil chamber 7 is provided at the center of the bottom of the adjustment hole 13; a matching limiting post 22 is screwed into the limiting hole 21; a limiting head 23 is provided at the upper end of the limiting post 22, located between the lower surface of the movable plug 19 and the bottom of the adjustment hole 13; a center hole 24 is provided at the center of the lower end face of the limiting post 22; an oil inlet hole 25 communicating with the bottom of the center hole 24 is provided on the upper surface of the limiting head 23; the position where the upper end face of the limiting head 23 is in contact with the lower end face of the movable plug 19 corresponds to the position of the oil outlet hole 14.

[0026] A buffer groove 26 is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the guide 2; a buffer pad 27 is provided in the buffer groove 26 and is fitted outside the piston rod 5; the upper end of the working cylinder 3 presses against the outer edge of the lower surface of the buffer pad 27; there is a flow gap 28 between the inner wall of the buffer pad 27 and the outer wall of the piston rod 5; a ring-shaped arc protrusion 29 protrudes downward from the middle of the buffer pad 27.

[0027] The adjusting hole 13 and the limiting hole 21 are coaxial, and the lower ends of both are inclined toward the flow gap 28.

[0028] The fixed plug 18 has an upper limit groove 30 at the center of its lower surface; the movable plug 19 has a lower limit groove 31 at the center of its upper surface; the upper end of the adjusting spring 20 is engaged in the upper limit groove 30, and the lower end of the adjusting spring 20 is engaged in the lower limit groove 31.

[0029] The compression valve assembly includes a compression end cap 32 located at the lower end of the working cylinder 3; a boss 33 is provided at the center of the upper surface of the compression end cap 32; a partition 34 is provided on the lower surface of the compression end cap 32 and the lower inner wall of the oil reservoir 1; an annular oil guide groove 35 is provided on the lower inner wall of the oil reservoir 1; an oil suction pipe 36 is provided on one side of the partition 34, opposite to the overflow pipe 16, and the overflow pipe 16 communicates with the oil guide groove 35 through the oil suction pipe 36; a plurality of through holes 37 are provided on the partition 34, communicating with the oil guide groove 35; a plurality of guide holes 38 are provided on the boss 33, communicating with the through holes 37; a valve plate 39 is provided on the upper surface of the boss 33, and the outer edge of the valve plate 39 covers and seals the upper opening of the guide hole 38.

[0030] A pressure seat 40 is located above the boss 33; a positioning groove 41 is provided at the center of the upper surface of the compression end cap 32, and a positioning part 42 matching the positioning groove 41 is provided at the center of the lower surface of the pressure seat 40; a screw hole 43 is provided at the center of the lower surface of the positioning part 42; a countersunk hole 44 communicating with the center of the bottom of the positioning groove 41 is provided at the center of the lower surface of the compression end cap 32; a positioning screw 45 passes upward through the countersunk hole 44 and is screwed into the screw hole 43; a pressure cone surface 46 with a wider upper surface and a narrower lower surface is provided on the lower surface of the pressure seat 40, and the middle part of the valve plate 39 is stuck between the middle part of the upper surface of the boss 33 and the middle part of the lower surface of the pressure seat 40; an annular stop part 47 extending downward from the outer edge of the pressure seat 40 surrounds the valve plate 39.

[0031] The upper oil chamber inlet mechanism includes an upper groove 48 located at the center of the upper surface of the piston 4; a lower groove 49 located at the center of the lower surface of the piston 4; the bottom of the lower groove 49 and the bottom of the upper groove 48 are connected by a connecting hole 50; a connector 51 matching the connecting hole 50 is located at the center of the lower end face of the piston rod 5; a fixing hole 52 is located at the center of the lower end face of the connector 51; a baffle 53 that fits against the lower surface of the piston 4 is located; an auxiliary hole 54 is located at the center of the baffle 53; a fixing screw 55 passes upward through the auxiliary hole 54 and is screwed into the fixing hole 52, with the head of the fixing screw 55 pressing against the lower surface of the baffle 53; the upper surface of the baffle 53 has several circumferentially evenly spaced... The upper groove 48 has a uniformly distributed guide groove 56; several limiting gaskets 57 are provided between the bottom of the upper groove 48 and the lower end face of the piston rod 5, which are fitted outside the connector 51; a spring hole 58 is provided on one side of the bottom of the upper groove 48; an oil passage hole 59 is provided at the bottom of the lower groove 49, which is connected to the bottom of the spring hole 58; an oil passage pipe 60 located in the spring hole 58 is screwed to the upper end of the oil passage hole 59; an opening and closing plate 61 is provided on the upper end face of the oil passage pipe 60; an opening and closing spring 62 is provided between the upper surface of the opening and closing plate 61 and the limiting gasket 57; an oil guide cone surface 63 is provided on the upper outer wall of the piston 4; an inclined hole 64 is provided on the oil guide cone surface 63, which is connected to the spring hole 58, and the inner end of the inclined hole 64 is inclined downward.

[0032] The guide 2 has a pressure relief hole 65 on one side of its lower outer wall; the guide 2 has an annular oil seal groove 66 on its inner wall; the oil seal groove 66 has an oil seal 67 installed outside the piston rod 5; the lower inner wall of the oil seal groove 66 has an oil guide channel 68; the inner end of the pressure relief hole 65 is inclined upward and communicates with the oil guide channel 68.

[0033] A dustproof end cap 72 is provided on the upper end of the piston rod 5, and an outer dustproof cover 69 is screwed onto the dustproof end cap 72 and covers the oil reservoir 1. An inner dustproof cover 70 is provided between the upper end of the piston rod 5 and the annular guide part 11, and the inner dustproof cover 70 is inside the outer dustproof cover 69. The inner dustproof cover 70 is made of rubber. An exhaust hole 71 communicating with its internal space is provided on one side of the upper end of the inner dustproof cover 70.

[0034] The method of using this utility model is as follows:

[0035] The upper oil chamber 7, the lower oil chamber 8, the outer wall of the working cylinder 3 and the inner wall of the oil reservoir 1 are all filled with hydraulic oil, and the bushing fork assembly 6 at the upper end of the piston rod 5 and the lower end of the oil reservoir 1 are used to connect the frame and the wheel respectively.

[0036] When the vehicle vibrates, the piston rod 5 moves up and down synchronously with the piston 4. When the piston 4 moves up, the hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber 7 is compressed. The hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber 7 presses the outer edge of the limiting gasket 57 tightly against the bottom of the upper groove 48. At the same time, the opening and closing spring 62 presses the opening and closing plate 61 tightly against the upper end face of the oil passage 60. The hydraulic oil flowing from the upper oil chamber 7 into the spring hole 58 through the inclined hole 64 directly impacts the upper surface of the opening and closing plate 61, so that the upper end face of the oil passage 60 is tightly blocked and sealed by the opening and closing plate 61.

[0037] At this time, the hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber 7 can only flow into the center hole 24 on the lower end face of the limiting post 22 through the flow gap 28. Then, the hydraulic oil pushes the movable plug 19 upward through the oil inlet hole 25. As the movable plug 19 moves upward, the adjusting spring 20 is compressed and becomes elastic, and the gap between the lower end face of the movable plug 19 and the upper end face of the limiting head 23 increases. The hydraulic oil passes through the gap between the lower end face of the movable plug 19 and the upper end face of the limiting head 23, the oil outlet hole 14, and enters the oil passage gap 10. Then, it enters the space between the partition 15 and the lower surface of the guide 2. Under the isolation of the partition 15, the hydraulic oil can only flow through the overflow pipe 16. The hydraulic oil flows into the overflow pipe 16 through the end pipe. As the hydraulic oil is squeezed into the space between the outer wall of the working cylinder 3 and the inner wall of the oil reservoir 1 through the overflow pipe 16, the oil pressure between the outer wall of the working cylinder 3 and the inner wall of the oil reservoir 1 is greater than the oil pressure in the lower oil chamber 8. This oil pressure difference will cause the suction pipe 36 to form a suction force, which will draw the hydraulic oil flowing out of the lower end of the overflow pipe 16 into the suction pipe 36. Then, it will sequentially squeeze the outer edge of the valve plate 39 upward through the guide groove 35, the through hole 37, and the guide hole 38. As the outer edge of the valve plate 39 deforms upward, the hydraulic oil can flow into the lower oil chamber 8 through the gap between the outer edge of the valve plate 39 and the upper surface of the boss 33.

[0038] When piston rod 5 and piston 4 move down synchronously, piston 4 squeezes the hydraulic oil in lower oil chamber 8 downwards. At this time, the hydraulic oil flows into oil passage 59 through guide groove 56 and lower groove 49, and then into oil passage pipe 60. Then, it pushes the opening and closing plate 61 upwards. At this time, the hydraulic oil is input into spring hole 58 through the gap between the lower surface of opening and closing plate 61 and the upper end face of oil passage pipe 60. Then, the hydraulic oil flows into upper oil chamber 7 through inclined hole 64. Whether piston 4 squeezes the hydraulic oil in upper oil chamber 7 upwards or squeezes the hydraulic oil in lower oil chamber 8 downwards, it can use the oil pressure change of hydraulic oil to achieve the effect of buffering and vibration reduction.

[0039] The damping adjustment mechanism effectively changes the speed at which the hydraulic oil flows out of the upper oil chamber 7 when the piston 4 pushes the hydraulic oil upwards. This effectively adjusts the damping. To adjust the damping, the annular screw plug 12 can be unscrewed upwards. This allows the fixed plug 18 to be rotated, changing the distance between the fixed plug 18 and the movable plug 19. The closer the fixed plug 18 is to the movable plug 19, the more the adjusting spring 20 is compressed, resulting in a greater elastic force. Consequently, the hydraulic oil encounters greater resistance when pushing the movable plug 19 upwards. This effectively increases the damping force. Conversely, the larger the gap between the fixed plug 18 and the movable plug 19, the smaller the damping. This not only allows for flexible adjustment of the damping, but also, since the annular screw plug 12 is directly exposed outside the upper end of the oil reservoir 1, it can be easily rotated to achieve rapid adjustment of the damping. After the position of the fixed plug 18 is adjusted, the annular screw plug 12 can be screwed back. Several stacked sealing gaskets 73 can be set between the annular screw plug 12 and the upper surface of the guide 2 as needed to effectively prevent external impurities from entering the damping adjustment mechanism.

[0040] A buffer groove 26 is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the guide 2. A buffer pad 27 is provided in the buffer groove 26 outside the piston rod 5. The upper end of the working cylinder 3 presses against the outer edge of the lower surface of the buffer pad 27. There is a flow gap 28 between the inner wall of the buffer pad 27 and the outer wall of the piston rod 5. A ring-shaped arc protrusion 29 protrudes downward from the middle of the buffer pad 27. When the piston 4 moves upward to the limit, it will collide with the arc protrusion 29. At this time, the buffer pad 27 with the arc protrusion 29 will undergo elastic deformation, thereby effectively absorbing and mitigating the final impact force from the piston 4 moving upward, effectively reducing impact noise and improving comfort.

[0041] The adjusting hole 13 and the limiting hole 21 are coaxial, and the lower ends of both are inclined towards the flow gap 28. This structural design allows the oil to flow more smoothly through the flow gap 28 into the central hole 24, effectively reducing the resistance loss of hydraulic oil flow and enabling the pressure of hydraulic oil to act more efficiently on the damping adjustment mechanism.

[0042] The fixed plug 18 has an upper limit groove 30 at the center of its lower surface, and the movable plug 19 has a lower limit groove 31 at the center of its upper surface. The upper end of the adjusting spring 20 is locked in the upper limit groove 30, and the lower end of the adjusting spring 20 is locked in the lower limit groove 31. The presence of the upper limit groove 30 and the lower limit groove 31 can effectively ensure the stability of the upper and lower ends of the adjusting spring 20, thereby ensuring that the elastic force of the adjusting spring 20 always acts perpendicularly on the movable plug 19, and further ensuring the accuracy of adjusting the damping force.

[0043] A pressure seat 40 is located above the boss 33. A positioning groove 41 is provided at the center of the upper surface of the compression end cover 32. A positioning part 42 matching the positioning groove 41 is provided at the center of the lower surface of the pressure seat 40. A screw hole 43 is provided at the center of the lower surface of the positioning part 42. A countersunk hole 44 communicating with the center of the bottom of the positioning groove 41 is provided at the center of the lower surface of the compression end cover 32. A positioning screw 45 passes upward through the countersunk hole 44 and is screwed into the screw hole 43. This structure is actually convenient for disassembling and assembling the pressure seat 40, thereby facilitating the replacement of the valve plate 39.

[0044] The lower surface of the pressure seat 40 is provided with a pressure cone surface 46 that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The middle part of the valve plate 39 is locked between the middle part of the upper surface of the boss 33 and the middle part of the lower surface of the pressure seat 40. The outer edge of the pressure seat 40 extends downward to form an annular stop part 47 that surrounds the valve plate 39. Since the pressure cone surface 46 is directly above the valve plate 39, the pressure cone surface 46 can effectively limit the degree of bending deformation of the valve plate 39 and effectively prevent the valve plate 39 from deforming excessively when it is pressed upward. The presence of the annular stop part 47 can help the valve plate 39 effectively bear the direct oil pressure from the lower oil chamber 8 and prevent the valve plate 39 from being damaged under extreme pressure.

[0045] A pressure relief hole 65 is provided on one side of the lower outer wall of the guide 2. An annular oil seal groove 66 is provided on the inner wall of the guide 2. An oil seal 67 is provided in the oil seal groove 66 and is attached to the piston rod 5. An oil guide channel 68 is provided on the lower inner wall of the oil seal groove 66. The inner end of the pressure relief hole 65 is inclined upward and communicates with the oil guide channel 68. When the piston 4 pushes the hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber 7 upward, a portion of the hydraulic oil is likely to flow to the oil seal through the gap between the inner wall of the guide 2 and the outer wall of the piston rod 5. When this hydraulic oil pushes the oil seal 67, it will be directly guided into the pressure relief hole 65 through the oil guide channel 68, which will achieve the pressure relief effect and effectively prevent the oil seal 67 from being subjected to high pressure for a long time, which will shorten the life of the oil seal 67.

[0046] A dustproof end cap 72 is provided on the upper end of the piston rod 5. An outer dustproof cover 69, which covers the oil reservoir 1, is screwed onto the dustproof end cap 72. An inner dustproof cover 70, which is located inside the outer dustproof cover 69, is provided between the upper end of the piston rod 5 and the annular guide part 11. The inner dustproof cover 70 is made of rubber and has an exhaust hole 71 on one side of its upper end that communicates with its internal space. The inner dustproof cover 70 and the outer dustproof cover 69 can form a double dustproof system, minimizing the amount of dust from the outside. Dust contacts the piston rod 5 and guide 2, thus preventing wear on the oil seal 67 or piston rod 5. The presence of the exhaust port 71 ensures the balance of air pressure inside and outside the inner dust cover 70, allowing the inner dust cover 70 to deform freely as the piston rod 5 moves up and down without interfering with its movement. Since the outer dust cover 69 is screwed onto the dust cover end cap 72, it can be removed simply by rotating it, thus not affecting the rapid adjustment of the damping adjustment mechanism.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency damping force adjustable shock absorber, comprising an oil reservoir, a guide disposed in the left end of the oil reservoir, and a working cylinder disposed between the guide and the lower inner wall of the oil reservoir, wherein a piston is disposed in the working cylinder, a piston rod is disposed at the upper end of the piston, the piston rod passes upward through the guide, and bushing fork tube assemblies are provided at the lower end of the oil reservoir and the upper end of the piston rod, characterized in that: The piston divides the internal space of the working cylinder into an upper oil chamber located above the piston and a lower oil chamber located below the piston. A compression valve assembly matching the lower oil chamber is located at the lower end of the working cylinder. An oil inlet mechanism for the upper oil chamber is provided on the piston. A first internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the oil reservoir. The upper part of the guide is screwed to the first internal thread, and an oil passage gap exists between the lower outer wall of the guide and the inner wall of the oil reservoir. An annular guide portion fitted outside the piston rod is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the guide. An annular plug fitted outside the annular guide portion is screwed to the upper end of the oil reservoir via the first internal thread. An adjustment hole communicating with the upper oil chamber is provided on one side of the upper surface of the guide. A damping adjustment mechanism matching the adjustment hole is provided inside the adjustment hole. An oil outlet hole communicating with the adjustment hole is provided on one side of the lower outer wall of the guide. A partition plate located below the guide is provided between the upper outer wall of the working cylinder and the inner wall of the oil reservoir. An overflow pipe is provided on the partition plate between the outer wall of the working cylinder and the inner wall of the oil reservoir, with the lower end of the overflow pipe adjacent to the compression valve assembly.

2. The vibration damper with high-efficiency adjustable damping force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping adjustment mechanism includes a second internal thread on the upper inner wall of the adjustment hole; a fixed plug is screwed to the upper part of the adjustment hole via the second internal thread; a matching movable plug is provided in the lower part of the adjustment hole; an adjustment spring is provided between the fixed plug and the movable plug; a limiting hole communicating with the upper oil cavity is provided at the center of the bottom of the adjustment hole; a matching limiting post is screwed into the limiting hole; a limiting head is provided at the upper end of the limiting post, located between the lower surface of the movable plug and the bottom of the adjustment hole; a central hole is provided at the center of the lower end face of the limiting post; an oil inlet hole communicating with the bottom of the central hole is provided on the upper surface of the limiting head; the position where the upper end face of the limiting head and the lower end face of the movable plug are in contact corresponds to the position of the oil outlet hole.

3. The vibration damper with high-efficiency adjustable damping force according to claim 2, characterized in that: A buffer groove is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the guide; a buffer pad is provided in the buffer groove outside the piston rod, and the upper end of the working cylinder presses against the outer edge of the lower surface of the buffer pad; there is a flow gap between the inner wall of the buffer pad and the outer wall of the piston rod; a ring-shaped arc protrusion protrudes downward from the middle of the buffer pad.

4. The vibration damper with high-efficiency adjustable damping force according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting hole and the limiting hole are coaxial, and the lower ends of both are inclined toward the flow gap.

5. A vibration damper with high-efficiency adjustable damping force according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed plug has an upper limit groove at the center of its lower surface; the movable plug has a lower limit groove at the center of its upper surface; the upper end of the adjusting spring is engaged in the upper limit groove, and the lower end of the adjusting spring is engaged in the lower limit groove.

6. The vibration damper with high-efficiency adjustable damping force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression valve assembly includes a compression end cap located at the lower end of the working cylinder; a boss is provided at the center of the upper surface of the compression end cap; a partition is provided on the lower surface of the compression end cap and the lower inner wall of the oil reservoir; an annular oil guide groove is provided on the lower inner wall of the oil reservoir; an oil suction pipe is provided on one side of the partition, opposite to the overflow pipe, and the overflow pipe communicates with the oil guide groove through the oil suction pipe; several through holes are provided on the partition and communicating with the oil guide groove; several guide holes are provided on the boss and communicating with the through holes; a valve plate is provided on the upper surface of the boss, and the outer edge of the valve plate covers and seals the upper opening of the guide hole.

7. A vibration damper with high-efficiency adjustable damping force according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pressure seat is located above the boss; a positioning groove is provided at the center of the upper surface of the compression end cap, and a positioning part matching the positioning groove is provided at the center of the lower surface of the pressure seat; a screw hole is provided at the center of the lower surface of the positioning part; a countersunk hole communicating with the center of the bottom of the positioning groove is provided at the center of the lower surface of the compression end cap; a positioning screw passes upward through the countersunk hole and is screwed into the screw hole; a pressure cone surface with a wider upper surface and a narrower lower surface is provided on the lower surface of the pressure seat, and the middle part of the valve plate is locked between the middle part of the upper surface of the boss and the middle part of the lower surface of the pressure seat; an annular stop part extending downward from the outer edge of the pressure seat surrounds the valve plate.

8. A vibration damper with high-efficiency adjustable damping force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper oil chamber inlet mechanism includes an upper groove at the center of the upper surface of the piston; a lower groove at the center of the lower surface of the piston; the bottom of the lower groove and the bottom of the upper groove are connected by a connecting hole; a connector matching the connecting hole is provided at the center of the lower end face of the piston rod; a fixing hole is provided at the center of the lower end face of the connector; a baffle that fits against the lower surface of the piston is provided; an auxiliary hole is provided at the center of the baffle; a fixing screw passes upward through the auxiliary hole and is screwed into the fixing hole, with the head of the fixing screw pressing against the lower surface of the baffle; the upper surface of the baffle is provided with several... The device features a circumferentially distributed guide groove; several limiting gaskets fitted around the connector are provided between the bottom of the upper groove and the lower end face of the piston rod; a spring hole is provided on one side of the bottom of the upper groove; an oil passage hole communicating with the bottom of the spring hole is provided at the bottom of the lower groove; an oil passage pipe located inside the spring hole is screwed to the upper end of the oil passage hole; an opening and closing plate is provided on the upper end face of the oil passage pipe; an opening and closing spring is provided between the upper surface of the opening and closing plate and the limiting gasket; an oil guide cone surface is provided on the outer wall of the upper end of the piston; an inclined hole communicating with the spring hole is provided on the oil guide cone surface, with the inner end of the inclined hole tilting downwards.

9. A vibration damper with high-efficiency adjustable damping force according to claim 8, characterized in that: A pressure relief hole is provided on one side of the lower outer wall of the guide; an annular oil seal groove is provided on the inner wall of the guide; an oil seal is provided in the oil seal groove outside the piston rod; an oil guide channel is provided on the lower inner wall of the oil seal groove; the inner end of the pressure relief hole is inclined upward and communicates with the oil guide channel.

10. A vibration damper with high-efficiency adjustable damping force according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dustproof end cap is provided on the upper end of the piston rod, and an outer dustproof cover is screwed onto the dustproof end cap to cover the oil reservoir; an inner dustproof cover is provided between the upper end of the piston rod and the annular guide part, and the inner dustproof cover is inside the outer dustproof cover; the inner dustproof cover is made of rubber; an exhaust hole communicating with its internal space is provided on one side of the upper end of the inner dustproof cover.

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