Fluid impact breakable back pressure resistant reverse-arch six-slot rupture disc

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of fluid impact destruction's back pressure resistant reverse arch six-groove bursting disc, it is related to bursting disc technical field, including bursting disc outer ring, bursting disc arch face, weakening groove;The utility model adopts six-groove structure of 60 ° uniform distribution, diaphragm is evenly cracked into six petals when high-speed fluid impact, single petal root radian is reduced to 60 ° from traditional 90 °, stress concentration coefficient drops about 33%, fundamentally eliminate root secondary tearing, realize 100% no fragment discharge;Convex Ni-625 high-temperature layer+concave Ti-6Al-4V tear-resistant layer's explosive welding composite structure, upper limit of using temperature is improved to 600 ℃ from 350 ℃, while Ti alloy layer provides crack arrest toughness when high-speed tearing, prevent microcrack propagation;The utility model solves the fragment problem of traditional reverse arch cross groove bursting disc under high-speed fluid impact working condition, simultaneously with back pressure resistant, long service life, wide temperature range, high precision and other comprehensive advantages, can be widely applied in petrochemical, aerospace, nuclear power, supercritical fluid and other high-end fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rupture disc technology, specifically a back pressure-resistant, anti-arch six-groove rupture disc that is resistant to fluid impact damage. Background Technology

[0002] A rupture disc is an overpressure relief element controlled by differential pressure. When the internal pressure of a pressure vessel exceeds the design value, the rupture disc ruptures or detaches instantly, safely releasing the hazardous medium. In environments with extremely high cleanliness requirements, such as petrochemicals, aerospace propulsion, and nuclear power, the rupture disc must not produce any fragments after activation; otherwise, it may block downstream pipelines, contaminate reactors, or trigger a secondary explosion.

[0003] Existing anti-arch grooved rupture discs generally employ a "cross-shaped pressure-reducing groove" structure. Their working mechanism is as follows: the convex surface of the diaphragm bears the medium pressure, while the concave surface faces the pressure relief side; when the pressure reaches a set value, the diaphragm instantly reverses direction, splitting into four pieces along the cross groove to release pressure. This structure can reliably rupture without fragments under conventional static overpressure conditions, but the following drawbacks have been revealed in engineering practice:

[0004] 1. Under high-speed fluid impact conditions, the root of the four petals has a large 90° arc, resulting in severe stress concentration and making it very easy to tear secondary along the root, producing fragments.

[0005] 2. Insufficient symmetry of the cross grooves leads to uneven opening of the lobes upon rupture, resulting in excessively high local residual tensile stress and easy radial tearing at the edges.

[0006] 3. The outer ring of the rupture disc and the flange sealing surface are at a right angle. The high-speed release instant generates a peak radial tensile stress, which can easily induce the overall collapse of the edge.

[0007] 4. Single-material diaphragms (Inconel 625 or graphite) cannot simultaneously achieve high-temperature strength at 600℃ and high-speed tear arrest toughness, thus limiting the upper limit of their operating temperature to around 350℃.

[0008] 5. The lack of crack passivation structure at the end of the weakened groove means that the crack cannot be stopped in time when it extends to the edge, further increasing the risk of fragmentation.

[0009] With the increasing prevalence of high-pressure, high-temperature, and high-cleanliness operating conditions (such as aerospace liquid oxygen kerosene engine test benches, ethylene cracking furnaces, and supercritical reactors), existing cross-groove anti-arch rupture discs can no longer meet the comprehensive requirements of "zero fragmentation, resistance to back pressure, long life, and wide temperature range". Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a back pressure-resistant, anti-arch six-groove rupture disc that is resistant to fluid impact damage, in order to solve the problem that the cross-groove structure of existing rupture discs mentioned in the background art will produce fragments when subjected to high-speed fluid impact.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a six-groove rupture disc resistant to fluid impact damage and back pressure, comprising an annular outer ring with a spherically convex rupture disc arch surface fixed to its inner diameter; six equally long damping grooves are evenly distributed annularly on the concave side of the rupture disc arch surface, with an included angle of 60° between adjacent damping grooves; a wedge-shaped buffer ring is annularly machined on the outer ring of the rupture disc and placed between the rupture disc clamping ring and the sealing surface of the equipment flange, the small end of the wedge-shaped buffer ring being integrally connected to the rupture disc arch surface, and the large end facing the sealing surface of the equipment flange; a metal composite layer is respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the rupture disc arch surface; and anti-breakage micro-tooth is provided at the end of the damping groove.

[0012] Preferably, the convex side of the rupture disc is close to the pressure-bearing side, and the concave side is close to the pressure-relieving side.

[0013] Preferably, the depth of the weakening groove is 30% to 80% of the thickness of the rupture disc.

[0014] Preferably, the length of the weakening groove is L1, the distance between two weakening grooves located in the same vertical plane with the same diameter is L2, and the edge length of the rupture disc arch is L3: the length of L2 is 1≤L2≤10mm, and L1, L2, and L3 satisfy -30≤L2+2L1-L3≤10mm.

[0015] Preferably, the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped buffer ring is 5° to 15°.

[0016] Preferably, the anti-breakage micro-tooth is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the weakening groove, with 1 to 3 on each side.

[0017] Preferably, the depth of the anti-breakage micro-tooth is 0.02mm to 0.05mm.

[0018] Preferably, the pressure-bearing side of the rupture disc arch is provided with a Ni-625 high-temperature layer and the pressure-relieving side is provided with a Ti-6Al-4V tear-resistant layer. Both metal composite layers are integrally formed with the rupture disc arch by explosive welding. The thickness ratio of the Ni-625 high-temperature layer to the Ti-6Al-4V layer is 1:1 to 3:1.

[0019] Preferably, the rupture disc arch is made of Inconel 625 strip or impregnated graphite plate.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] 1. Zero-fragmentation discharge: Adopting a six-groove structure with a uniform 60° distribution, the diaphragm cracks into six petals evenly when impacted by high-speed fluid. The root curvature of a single petal is reduced from the traditional 90° to 60°, and the stress concentration factor is reduced by about 33%, fundamentally eliminating secondary tearing at the root and achieving 100% fragment-free discharge.

[0022] 2. Wide temperature range and high reliability: The explosively welded composite structure of the convex Ni-625 high-temperature layer and the concave Ti-6Al-4V tear-resistant layer increases the upper limit of the operating temperature from 350℃ to 600℃. At the same time, the Ti alloy layer provides crack arrest toughness during high-speed tearing, preventing the propagation of microcracks.

[0023] 3. Precise and stable burst pressure: The length, spacing and arch edge length of the weakening groove are controlled in a closed loop by the coupling dimension relationship of “L2+2L1-L3” (-30mm≤Δ≤10mm), and the burst pressure deviation is ≤±3%, covering the full range of 0.1MPa~35MPa.

[0024] 4. Resistance to fluid impact tearing: The wedge-shaped buffer ring (5°~15°) forms a flexible transition at the moment of release, reducing the peak radial tensile stress by more than 40% and preventing edge breakage; the anti-breakage micro-tooth (0.02mm~0.05mm) produces secondary passivation at the crack end, further blocking the fragment scattering path.

[0025] In summary, this invention solves the fragmentation problem of traditional anti-arch cross-groove rupture discs under high-speed fluid impact conditions. It also has comprehensive advantages such as back pressure resistance, long life, wide temperature range, and high precision, and can be widely used in high-end fields such as petrochemicals, aerospace, nuclear power, and supercritical fluids. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0029] In the figure: outer ring of rupture disc-1, wedge-shaped buffer ring-11, arched surface of rupture disc-2, Ni-625 high temperature layer-21, Ti-6Al-4V tear-resistant layer-22, weakening groove-3, anti-fracture micro-tooth-31. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1-3 , Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of B in the middle.

[0032] This invention provides a six-groove rupture disc resistant to back pressure and impact damage from fluid, comprising an annular outer ring 1, with a spherical, downward-convex rupture disc arch 2 fixed to the inner diameter of the outer ring 1. The convex surface of the rupture disc arch 2 is closer to the pressure-bearing side, and the concave surface is closer to the pressure-relieving side. Six equally spaced weakening grooves 3 are evenly distributed in an annular pattern on the concave side of the rupture disc arch 2. The depth of the weakening grooves 3 is 30% to 80% of the thickness of the rupture disc. When the rupture disc arch 2 is damaged by high-speed fluid impact, it cracks along the weakening grooves 3 without producing fragments.

[0033] The included angle between two adjacent weakening grooves 3 is 60°. The length of the weakening groove 3 is L1. The distance between two weakening grooves 3 located in the vertical plane with the same diameter is L2. The edge length of the rupture disc arch surface 2 is L3. The length of L2 is 1≤L2≤10mm. L1, L2, and L3 satisfy -30≤L2+2L1-L3≤10mm.

[0034] A wedge-shaped buffer ring 11 is machined on the outer ring 1 of the rupture disc. The wedge-shaped buffer ring 11 is placed between the rupture disc clamping ring and the sealing surface of the equipment flange. The small end of the wedge-shaped buffer ring 11 is integrated with the arch surface 2 of the rupture disc, and the large end faces the sealing surface of the equipment flange. The wedge angle is 5° to 15°, which is used to absorb the radial expansion energy of the high-speed fluid impact.

[0035] Anti-fracture micro-tooth 31 is provided at the end of the weakening groove 3. The depth of the anti-fracture micro-tooth 31 is 0.02mm to 0.05mm. The anti-fracture micro-tooth 31 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the weakening groove 3, with 1 to 3 on each side, to prevent the crack from continuing to extend to the outer ring 1 of the rupture disc.

[0036] To further ensure that the rupture disc does not produce fragments during detonation, metal composite layers are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the rupture disc arch surface 2. The pressure-bearing side of the rupture disc arch surface 2 is provided with a Ni-625 high-temperature layer 21, and the pressure-relieving side is provided with a Ti-6Al-4V tear-resistant layer 22. Both metal composite layers are integrally formed with the rupture disc arch surface 2 by explosive welding. The thickness ratio of the Ni-625 high-temperature layer 21 to the Ti-6Al-4V layer 22 is 1:1 to 3:1, thereby making the interfacial shear strength ≥300MPa.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] Inconel 625 strip with a thickness of 0.127 mm was selected. After stamping, six weakening grooves 21 were laser-cut on the concave side, with a groove width of 0.15 mm and a groove depth of 70% of the thickness. Measurements showed that L1 = 25mm, L2 = 5mm, and L3 = 60mm, satisfying 1 ≤ L2 ≤ 10 and -30 ≤ L2 + 2L1 - L3 ≤ 10. A wedge-shaped buffer ring 11 was machined on the outer ring 1 of the rupture disc, with a wedge angle of 10° and a thickness at the larger end that was 0.2mm thicker than the edge. Simultaneously, anti-fracture micro-teeth 31 with a depth h = 0.03mm were laser-machined at the end of the weakening groove 3. Explosion test: at room temperature, with a back pressure of 2MPa on the pressure relief side and a pressure rise rate of 150MPa / s on the pressure bearing side, the rupture pressure was 8.7MPa. The disc cracked into six lobes along the six grooves. The wedge-shaped ring absorbed radial expansion, and the micro-teeth prevented edge cracks. No visible fragments were observed. The structure was reduced by more than 90% compared to the original structure, and the fatigue life was increased by 30%. It meets the requirements of API 520.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] Impregnated graphite plate, 3mm thick, was selected. Six slots (21) were CNC milled; other structural dimensions were the same as in Example 1. Burst test: back pressure 0.5MPa, rupture pressure 1.3MPa, achieving fragment-free release as before.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that all other embodiments obtained by making various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A six-groove rupture disc resistant to back pressure and anti-arching structure in the event of fluid impact damage, characterized in that: The device includes an annular outer ring (1) of a rupture disc with a spherical, downward-convex rupture disc arch (2) fixed to its inner diameter. Six equally spaced weakening grooves (3) of equal length are evenly distributed on the concave side of the rupture disc arch (2), and the included angle between two adjacent weakening grooves (3) is 60°. A wedge-shaped buffer ring (11) is machined on the outer ring (1) of the rupture disc and placed between the rupture disc clamping ring and the sealing surface of the equipment flange. The small end of the wedge-shaped buffer ring (11) is integrated with the rupture disc arch (2), and the large end faces the sealing surface of the equipment flange. Metal composite layers are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the rupture disc arch (2). Anti-breakage micro-tooth (31) is provided at the end of the weakening groove (3).

2. The fluid impact-resistant, back-pressure-resistant, anti-arch six-groove rupture disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: The convex surface of the rupture disc (2) is close to the pressure-bearing side, and the concave surface is close to the pressure-relieving side.

3. The back pressure-resistant, anti-arch, six-groove rupture disc with fluid impact resistance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The depth of the weakening groove (3) is 30% to 80% of the thickness of the rupture disc.

4. The back-pressure-resistant, anti-arch, six-groove rupture disc with fluid impact resistance according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the weakening groove (3) is L1, the distance between two weakening grooves (3) located in the vertical plane with the same diameter is L2, and the edge length of the rupture disc arch (2) is L3: the length of L2 is 1≤L2≤10mm, and L1, L2, and L3 satisfy -30≤L2+2L1-L3≤10mm.

5. The fluid impact-resistant, back-pressure-resistant, anti-arching six-groove rupture disc according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wedge angle of the wedge-shaped buffer ring (11) is 5° to 15°.

6. The back-pressure-resistant, anti-arching six-groove rupture disc with fluid impact resistance according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anti-breakage micro-tooth (31) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the weakening groove (3), with 1 to 3 on each side.

7. The back-pressure-resistant, anti-arching six-groove rupture disc with fluid impact resistance according to claim 6, characterized in that: The depth of the anti-breakage micro-tooth (31) is 0.02mm to 0.05mm.

8. The back-pressure-resistant, anti-arching six-groove rupture disc with fluid impact resistance according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing side of the rupture disc arch (2) is provided with a Ni-625 high-temperature layer (21), and the pressure-relieving side is provided with a Ti-6Al-4V tear-resistant layer (22). Both metal composite layers are integrally formed with the rupture disc arch (2) by explosive welding. The thickness ratio of the Ni-625 high-temperature layer (21) to the Ti-6Al-4V layer (22) is 1:1 to 3:

1.

9. The fluid impact-resistant, back-pressure-resistant, anti-arching six-groove rupture disc according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The rupture disc arch (2) is made of Inconel 625 strip or impregnated graphite plate.

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