High-pressure hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen energy storage
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522476662.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-21
AI Technical Summary
[0004]本实用新型的目的在于提供一种氢储能用高压储氢罐，用以解决现有储氢罐循环疲劳损伤和氢脆的技术问题
[0009]本技术方案的有益效果：氢储能用高压储氢罐在使用时，由于内胆层采用聚乙烯材质且缓冲层包括第一、第二橡胶条，这些非金属结构可以起到防止氢脆的效果，而且内胆层具有有限的弹性，即具有一定韧性的弹性，利用其弹性变形可起到扩容和缓冲作用，消除因为频繁充放氢产生的循环疲劳问题，更重要的是缓冲层的设置，其采用特殊的刚性的钛合金条与弹性的第一、第二橡胶条的组合波纹状结构，可在罐体内压力较低时处于收缩状态，利用支撑在内胆层和支撑层之间的钛合金条的刚性起到支撑的作用，而当罐体内压力高于设定压力时，其一方面会利用扩张变形进行扩容，从而缓解高压问题，另一方面，其在扩张变形的过程中，首先对第二橡胶条进行张拉，利用第二橡胶条的弹性变形吸收一部分扩张的能量，而当钛合金条变形至最大状态时，第一橡胶条也会被沿周向张拉，进一步起到缓冲和抵消能量的作用，而且此时内胆层、缓冲层扩张变形后与支撑层接触，支撑层起到主要的承载作用。由此可见，本申请通过内胆层和缓冲层的材料的选择解决氢脆问题的同时，更重要的是利用内胆层和缓冲层的韧性和弹性结构实现扩容和缓冲的作用，尤其在频繁充放氢的过程中，内胆层和缓冲层可以频繁跟随扩张和收缩以消耗充放氢所产生的能量，避免出现刚性金属层疲劳裂纹的问题。
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Figure CN224786885U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen energy storage. Background Technology
[0002] High-pressure hydrogen storage tanks for hydrogen energy storage are containers that store hydrogen through high-pressure compression technology, primarily used in hydrogen transportation, refueling, and energy storage systems. Their core function is to compress and store hydrogen under high pressures of 35 MPa to 70 MPa, thereby increasing the hydrogen storage density per unit volume. These tanks are typically manufactured using lightweight composite materials to balance safety and hydrogen storage efficiency, making them key equipment in current hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, hydrogen refueling stations, and stationary energy storage systems.
[0003] Because hydrogen storage tanks require frequent filling and discharging of hydrogen, the microstructure of the materials is easily degraded. Traditional rigid metal liners are prone to microcracks, leading to cyclic fatigue damage. Moreover, under high pressure conditions around 70 MPa, hydrogen atoms penetrate into the metal lattice to form hydrides, resulting in decreased material toughness and accelerated crack propagation. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problems of cyclic fatigue damage and hydrogen embrittlement in existing hydrogen storage tanks. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen energy storage, in order to solve the technical problems of cyclic fatigue damage and hydrogen embrittlement in existing hydrogen storage tanks.
[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen energy storage includes a tank body, which, from the inside out, includes an inner liner layer, a buffer layer, a support layer, a reinforcing layer, and an outer protective layer. The inner liner layer is made of polyethylene with a certain elasticity. The buffer layer has a corrugated structure and includes titanium alloy strips. The edges of any adjacent titanium alloy strips are connected by a first rubber strip, and the middle of any adjacent titanium alloy strips is connected by a second rubber strip. The support layer is made of titanium alloy material, the reinforcing layer is made of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material, and the outer protective layer is made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material. When the pressure inside the hydrogen storage tank is lower than the set pressure, the titanium alloy strips are supported between the inner liner layer and the support layer. When the pressure inside the hydrogen storage tank is higher than the set pressure, the included angle between adjacent titanium alloy strips increases and the first and second rubber strips are stretched to buffer and expand the capacity.
[0006] Based on the above solution, the following improvement is made: the thickness of the first rubber strip is less than the thickness of the second rubber strip. This is because the second rubber strip plays a primary cushioning role, and its thickness needs to be greater to improve cushioning capacity.
[0007] Based on the above solution, the following further improvement is made: the middle part of the first rubber strip is bonded to the inner liner layer. This ensures that when the buffer layer deforms, the deformation of the entire buffer layer is as uniform as possible, and also ensures that the support points of the buffer layer will not slip when it plays a supporting role.
[0008] Based on the above solution, further improvements are made as follows: the inner surface of the support layer is provided with anti-slip texture. This can maximize friction and reduce slippage.
[0009] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: When using a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, the inner liner is made of polyethylene, and the buffer layer includes first and second rubber strips. These non-metallic structures prevent hydrogen embrittlement. Furthermore, the inner liner has limited elasticity, meaning it possesses a certain degree of toughness. Its elastic deformation allows for expansion and buffering, eliminating the cyclic fatigue problem caused by frequent hydrogen filling and discharging. More importantly, the buffer layer, with its corrugated structure combining a special rigid titanium alloy strip with elastic first and second rubber strips, can be in a contracted state when the tank pressure is low. The rigidity of the titanium alloy strip supporting the inner liner and the support layer provides support. When the tank pressure exceeds the set pressure, it expands by deformation, alleviating the high-pressure problem. During this expansion, the second rubber strip is first stretched, absorbing some of the expansion energy through its elastic deformation. When the titanium alloy strip reaches its maximum deformation, the first rubber strip is also stretched circumferentially, further buffering and offsetting the energy. At this point, the inner liner and buffer layer, after expansion and deformation, come into contact with the support layer, which then plays a major load-bearing role. Therefore, this application solves the hydrogen embrittlement problem by selecting materials for the inner liner and the buffer layer. More importantly, it utilizes the toughness and elasticity of the inner liner and the buffer layer to achieve the functions of expansion and buffering. Especially during frequent hydrogen filling and releasing, the inner liner and the buffer layer can frequently expand and contract to consume the energy generated by hydrogen filling and releasing, thus avoiding the problem of fatigue cracks in the rigid metal layer. Attached Figure Description
[0010] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a specific embodiment of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen energy storage according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; In the diagram: 1-tank body, 2-inner liner layer, 3-buffer layer, 31-titanium alloy strip, 32-first rubber strip, 33-second rubber strip, 4-support layer, 5-reinforcing layer, 6-outer protective layer. Detailed Implementation
[0011] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model; that is, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0012] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0013] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0014] The features and performance of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
[0015] A specific embodiment of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen energy storage according to this utility model is as follows: Figure 1-2As shown, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen energy storage includes a tank body 1. From the inside out, the tank body 1 includes an inner liner layer 2, a buffer layer 3, a support layer 4, a reinforcing layer 5, and an outer protective layer 6. The inner liner layer 2 is made of polyethylene with a certain elasticity. The buffer layer 3 has a corrugated structure and includes titanium alloy strips 31. The edges of any adjacent titanium alloy strips 31 are connected by a first rubber strip 32, and the middle of any adjacent titanium alloy strips 31 is connected by a second rubber strip 33. The support layer 4 is made of titanium alloy material, the reinforcing layer 5 is made of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material, and the outer protective layer 6 is made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material. When the pressure inside the hydrogen storage tank is lower than the set pressure, the titanium alloy strips 31 are supported between the inner liner layer 2 and the support layer 4. When the pressure inside the hydrogen storage tank is higher than the set pressure, the included angle between adjacent titanium alloy strips 31 increases, and the first rubber strip 32 and the second rubber strip 33 are stretched to buffer and expand the capacity.
[0016] The thickness of the first rubber strip 32 is less than the thickness of the second rubber strip 33. This is because the second rubber strip 33 plays a primary cushioning role, and its thickness needs to be greater to improve cushioning capacity. The middle of the first rubber strip 32 is bonded to the inner liner layer 2. This ensures that when the buffer layer 3 deforms, the deformation of the entire buffer layer 3 is as uniform as possible, and also ensures that the support points of the buffer layer 3 will not slip when it provides support.
[0017] When using a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, the inner liner 2 is made of polyethylene and the buffer layer 3 includes a first rubber strip 32 and a second rubber strip 33. These non-metallic structures help prevent hydrogen embrittlement. Furthermore, the inner liner 2 has limited elasticity, meaning it possesses a certain degree of toughness. Its elastic deformation allows for expansion and buffering, eliminating the cyclic fatigue problem caused by frequent hydrogen filling and discharging. More importantly, the buffer layer 3, with its special rigid titanium alloy strip 31 combined with the elastic first rubber strip 32 and second rubber strip 33 in a corrugated structure, can be in a contracted state when the pressure inside the tank 1 is low, utilizing the support of the inner liner... The rigidity of the titanium alloy strip 31 between layer 2 and support layer 4 provides support. When the pressure inside tank 1 exceeds the set pressure, it expands by deforming to alleviate the high pressure problem. During this expansion, the second rubber strip 33 is tensioned, absorbing some of the expansion energy through its elastic deformation. When the titanium alloy strip 31 deforms to its maximum state, the first rubber strip 32 is also stretched circumferentially, further buffering and offsetting the energy. At this point, the inner liner layer 2 and buffer layer 3, after expansion and deformation, come into contact with the support layer 4, which then plays a major load-bearing role. Therefore, this application addresses hydrogen embrittlement through the selection of materials for the inner liner layer 2 and buffer layer 3. More importantly, it utilizes the toughness and elasticity of the inner liner layer 2 and buffer layer 3 to achieve expansion and buffering. Especially during frequent hydrogen filling and discharging, the inner liner layer 2 and buffer layer 3 can frequently expand and contract to dissipate the energy generated by hydrogen filling and discharging, avoiding fatigue cracking of the rigid metal layer.
[0018] In other embodiments, the inner surface of the support layer is provided with anti-slip texture. This maximizes friction and reduces slippage.
[0019] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. The patent protection scope of the present utility model shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present utility model shall also be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen energy storage, comprising a tank body, characterized in that, The tank body comprises, from the inside out, an inner liner layer, a buffer layer, a support layer, a reinforcing layer, and an outer protective layer. The inner liner layer is made of polyethylene with a certain degree of elasticity. The buffer layer has a corrugated structure and includes titanium alloy strips. The edges of any adjacent titanium alloy strips are connected by a first rubber strip, and the middle of any adjacent titanium alloy strips is connected by a second rubber strip. The support layer is made of titanium alloy material. The reinforcing layer is made of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material. The outer protective layer is made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material. When the pressure inside the hydrogen storage tank is lower than the set pressure, the titanium alloy strips support the inner liner layer and the support layer. When the pressure inside the hydrogen storage tank is higher than the set pressure, the angle between adjacent titanium alloy strips increases and the first and second rubber strips are stretched to buffer and expand the capacity.
2. The high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the first rubber strip is less than the thickness of the second rubber strip.
3. A high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle part of the first rubber strip is bonded to the inner liner layer.
4. A high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface of the support layer has anti-slip texture.