A carbon fiber full-winding hydrogen storage bottle without liner for vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to hydrogen storage bottle technical field, specifically, it is a kind of hydrogen storage bottle without inner container carbon fiber full winding for vehicle.The hydrogen storage bottle is sequentially carbon fiber winding layer, glass fiber protective layer from inside to outside, bottle valve seat is arranged at hydrogen storage bottle mouth, bottle valve seat is connected with bottle valve by thread and sealing structure, silicon rubber sealing layer is arranged between bottle valve seat and carbon fiber winding layer, flange and saddle structure are arranged at the connecting place of bottle valve seat and carbon fiber winding layer.The structure form of the present application can reduce the weight of gas cylinder by about 15%~25%.The hydrogen storage bottle without inner container of the utility model can improve the hydrogen storage density of unit mass by about 15%~25%, and the volume hydrogen storage density is increased by 3%~5%.The cost can be reduced by 10%~20%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage cylinder technology, specifically to a linerless carbon fiber fully wrapped automotive hydrogen storage cylinder. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen energy is considered the most promising clean energy source of the 21st century, and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are developing rapidly. On-board hydrogen storage technology is key to the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Currently, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology is the most mature and the primary method for on-board hydrogen storage. The hydrogen storage tank is a crucial component of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology, and its weight is an important indicator of its performance.

[0003] Currently, there are two main types of on-board hydrogen storage cylinders: aluminum-lined carbon fiber wound on-board hydrogen storage cylinders and plastic-lined carbon fiber wound on-board hydrogen storage cylinders. The plastic-lined carbon fiber wound on-board hydrogen storage cylinder is lighter. The cylinder structure includes a plastic liner, a valve seat, a carbon fiber winding layer, and a glass fiber protective layer.

[0004] The disadvantages of this type of gas cylinder are its still relatively heavy weight and high cost. Due to its structural limitations, it is difficult to further improve the hydrogen storage density by weight and volume, which cannot meet the range and energy-saving requirements of the continued development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and the cost reduction is limited. There is an urgent need for new lightweight structural forms of on-board hydrogen storage cylinders. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the aforementioned problems in the prior art by designing a linerless carbon fiber fully wrapped automotive hydrogen storage cylinder. Its main objective is to further improve the mass hydrogen storage density and volume hydrogen storage density of the cylinder.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to increase the driving range of the gas cylinder.

[0007] Another objective of this invention is to reduce the cost of gas cylinders.

[0008] The above-mentioned objective of this invention is achieved as follows: based on the structure of a carbon fiber wound vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder with a plastic inner liner, the main change is the elimination of the plastic inner liner. A resin sealing layer formed on the inner surface of the carbon fiber wound layer replaces the plastic inner liner, achieving a seal for the gas.

[0009] A linerless carbon fiber fully wound automotive hydrogen storage cylinder, wherein the hydrogen storage cylinder consists of a carbon fiber wound layer and a glass fiber protective layer from the inside out. A valve seat is provided at the cylinder mouth, and the valve seat and the valve are connected by threads and a sealing structure. A silicone rubber sealing layer is provided between the valve seat and the carbon fiber wound layer. A flange and a saddle structure are provided at the connection between the valve seat and the carbon fiber wound layer.

[0010] The outer edge of the flange is connected to the carbon fiber winding layer, the bottle valve seat is fixed to the flange, and a saddle structure is provided between the outer side of the bottle valve seat and the carbon fiber winding layer. The saddle structure is recessed inward.

[0011] The carbon fiber winding layer is composed of alternating spiral winding layers and circumferential winding layers.

[0012] The sealing structure is as follows: the contact surface between the outer periphery of the bottle valve and the bottle valve seat is provided with an annular groove, and an O-ring and a retaining ring are provided in the groove. The diameter of the O-ring is greater than the depth of the groove.

[0013] The bottle valve seat has an anti-rotation structure on the outside of the bottle neck. The anti-rotation structure consists of an outer carbon fiber winding layer and an inner aluminum alloy bottle valve seat.

[0014] The vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder structure of this invention comprises a cylinder valve seat, a silicone rubber sealing layer, a carbon fiber winding layer, and a glass fiber protective layer. The cylinder valve seat opening thread and sealing structure are used for cylinder valve connection and form an effective seal between the cylinder valve and the cylinder opening. Considering the stress on the cylinder valve seat, the connection between the cylinder valve seat and the carbon fiber winding layer is designed as a flange and saddle structure. After winding and curing, it can withstand axial pressure and prevent axial movement. An anti-rotation structure is designed on the outside of the valve seat bottleneck to withstand torque during manufacturing and use. The contact surface between the cylinder valve seat and the carbon fiber winding layer is coated with high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, which reliably seals the interface between the valve seat and the carbon fiber winding layer. This structure further improves the sealing effect under internal pressure. To ensure that the gas cylinder can still form an effective seal for the gas after deformation under pressure, the resin is core-shell toughened. The core material is acrylate, and the shell material is PMMA, with core and shell particle diameters ranging from 50nm to 500nm. The high-toughness, high-sealing modified resin layer can still form a good seal for the gas even when the gas cylinder deforms. The strength of the gas cylinder is provided by carbon fiber, with the first layer being spirally wound and the second layer being circumferentially wound, alternating until the internal pressure increases to the final inflation pressure. The purpose of using a glass fiber protective layer is to protect the carbon fiber from damage.

[0015] Production steps:

[0016] Core mold assembly.

[0017] The inner cavity is to be prefabricated using PET according to the inner cavity size to form a winding mandrel, with the inner cavity film thickness being 0.05mm~0.1mm.

[0018] Using a winding machine with two synchronously rotating mounting ends, fix two bottle valve seats to the mounting ends via connecting rods. Adjust the valve seat spacing to the designed cylinder length. Place the PET winding mandrel between the valve seats and connect the inflation port to the inflation hole inside the connecting rod through the bottle valve seat. Inflate the winding mandrel to 0.005 MPa to form the inner cavity size of the cylinder.

[0019] Spray a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) solution onto the surface of the winding mandrel to prevent it from sticking to the resin after curing.

[0020] Fiber entanglement.

[0021] The first layer is spiral wound with tension adjusted to 0.1N. After winding the first layer, the inflation pressure of the winding mandrel is increased to 0.05MPa. The second layer of circumferential winding begins, with the winding tension increased proportionally to the inflation pressure of the winding mandrel. After the second layer is completed, the pressure is increased to 0.1MPa. Spiral and circumferential windings are alternated, with the internal pressure gradually increased to 0.5MPa. The winding tension is gradually increased. Spiral winding uses an expanding hole method, continuing winding to the designed number of layers.

[0022] Heating to cure.

[0023] A segmented heating and curing process is employed. During curing, the pressure inside the gas cylinder is controlled between 0.5 MPa and 0.8 MPa. A curing oven with two mounting ends rotating synchronously and actively is used, and the gas cylinder inside the curing oven rotates to ensure uniform resin curing.

[0024] Core mold disassembly.

[0025] After curing, release the pressure inside the winding mandrel and remove it from the bottle opening.

[0026] Advantages and effects of the present invention

[0027] By adopting the structural form of this invention, the weight of the gas cylinder can be reduced by approximately 15% to 25%. The hydrogen storage density per unit mass of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder is increased by approximately 15% to 25%, and the volumetric hydrogen storage density is increased by 3% to 5%. Furthermore, the cost can be reduced by 10% to 20%. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder using the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the rotating structure in part A;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing structure;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the core mold for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder of the present invention.

[0032] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Bottle valve seat, 2. Silicone rubber sealing layer, 3. Carbon fiber winding layer, 4. Glass fiber protective layer, 5. Sealing structure, 6. Bottle valve, 6-1. O-ring, 6-2. Retaining ring, 7. Flange, 8. Saddle structure, 9. Outside of valve seat neck, 10. Winding mandrel, 11. Inflation port, 12. Inflation pipe, 13. Connecting rod, 14. Mounting end, 15. Winding machine. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Example 1

[0034] The structure and typical preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0035] Figure 1 The structural composition of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder of the present invention is shown. The structure of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder of the present invention consists of a valve seat 1, a silicone rubber sealing layer 2, a carbon fiber winding layer 3, and a glass fiber protective layer 4. From the inside to the outside, the hydrogen storage cylinder consists of the carbon fiber winding layer 3 and the glass fiber protective layer 4. A valve seat 1 is provided at the mouth of the hydrogen storage cylinder. The thread and sealing structure 5 at the mouth of the valve seat 1 are used for connecting the valve 6 and forming an effective seal between the valve 6 and the valve seat 1. The sealing structure 5 is as follows: the outer periphery of the valve 6 has an annular groove on the contact surface with the valve seat 1. An O-ring 6-1 and a retaining ring 6-2 are provided in the groove. The diameter of the O-ring 6-1 is greater than the depth of the groove. Figure 3 As shown. Considering the stress on the valve seat 1, the connection between the valve seat 1 and the carbon fiber winding layer 3 is designed as a flange 7 and a saddle structure 8. The outer edge of the flange 7 is connected to the carbon fiber winding layer 3, and the valve seat 1 is fixed to the flange. A saddle structure is provided between the outer side of the valve seat 1 and the carbon fiber winding layer. The saddle structure is concave inward, which can effectively fix the valve seat 1 and prevent axial movement. When the gas cylinder is subjected to internal pressure, the axial force of the valve seat 1 will increase, and the saddle structure 8 alone cannot meet the requirements. At this time, the flange 7 will provide a greater axial force to the valve seat 1. After winding and curing, it can bear the axial pressure and prevent axial movement. An anti-rotation structure is designed on the outer side 9 of the valve seat neck, that is, the outer side of the aluminum alloy valve seat 1 is a carbon fiber winding layer, which plays an anti-rotation role after curing. Figure 2As shown, this allows it to withstand the torque during manufacturing and use. The contact surface between the valve seat 1 and the carbon fiber winding layer 3 has a high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber sealing layer 2, which seals the interface between the valve seat 1 and the carbon fiber winding layer 3. Under internal pressure, this structure further enhances the sealing effect of the silicone rubber sealing layer 2. To ensure the gas cylinder maintains an effective seal after deformation under pressure, the resin matrix used for winding undergoes core-shell toughening modification. The core material is acrylate, and the shell material is PMMA, with core and shell particle diameters ranging from 50nm to 500nm. The high-toughness, high-sealing modified resin layer, i.e., the inner surface of the carbon fiber winding layer, can still form a good seal for the gas even when the gas cylinder deforms. The strength of the gas cylinder is provided by carbon fiber; the first layer is spirally wound, and the second layer is circumferentially wound, alternating until the internal pressure reaches the final filling pressure. The purpose of using a glass fiber protective layer is to protect the carbon fiber from damage.

[0036] Production steps (see) Figure 4 ):

[0037] 1. Core mold assembly.

[0038] The inner cavity is to be prefabricated using PET according to the inner cavity size, forming a winding mandrel 10 with an inner cavity film thickness of 0.05mm~0.1mm.

[0039] Using a winding machine 15 with two synchronously rotating mounting ends 14, two bottle valve seats 1 are fixed to the mounting ends 14 via connecting rods 13. The distance between the two bottle valve seats 1 is adjusted to the designed length of the gas cylinder. A PET winding mandrel 10 is placed between the bottle valve seats 1, and the inflation port 11 is connected to the inflation tube 12 inside the connecting rod 13 via the bottle valve seats. The winding mandrel 10 is inflated to 0.005 MPa to form the inner cavity size of the gas cylinder.

[0040] A PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) solution is sprayed onto the surface of the winding mandrel 10 to prevent it from sticking to the resin after curing.

[0041] 2. Fiber entanglement.

[0042] The first layer is carbon fiber spiral winding, with the tension adjusted to 0.1N. After winding the first layer, the inflation pressure of the winding mandrel is increased to 0.05MPa. The second layer of carbon fiber circumferential winding begins, with the winding tension increased proportionally to the inflation pressure of the winding mandrel. After the second layer is completed, the pressure is increased to 0.1MPa. Spiral and circumferential winding are alternated, with the internal pressure gradually increased to 0.5MPa. The winding tension is gradually increased. The spiral is wound using an expanding hole, continuing winding to the designed number of layers.

[0043] 3. Heating and curing.

[0044] A segmented heating and curing process is adopted: heating at 70℃ for 1 hour, at 90℃ for 2 hours, and at 130℃ for 2 hours. During the curing process, the pressure inside the gas cylinder is controlled at 0.5MPa~0.8MPa. A curing oven with two mounting ends rotating synchronously and actively is used, and the gas cylinder inside the curing oven rotates to ensure uniform resin curing.

[0045] 4. Core mold disassembly.

[0046] After curing, release the gas inside the winding core mold 10 and remove it from the bottle opening.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A linerless, fully wrapped carbon fiber automotive hydrogen storage cylinder, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage cylinder consists of a carbon fiber winding layer (3) and a glass fiber protective layer (4) from the inside out. A valve seat (1) is provided at the mouth of the hydrogen storage cylinder. The valve seat (1) and the valve (6) are connected by threads and a sealing structure (5). A silicone rubber sealing layer (2) is provided between the valve seat (1) and the carbon fiber winding layer (3). A flange (7) and a saddle structure (8) are provided at the connection between the valve seat (1) and the carbon fiber winding layer (3).

2. The linerless carbon fiber fully wound automotive hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer edge of the flange (7) is connected to the carbon fiber winding layer (3), the bottle valve seat (7) is fixed to the flange, and a saddle structure (8) is provided between the outer side of the bottle valve seat (1) and the carbon fiber winding layer (3), and the saddle structure (8) is recessed inward.

3. The linerless carbon fiber fully wound automotive hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon fiber winding layer (3) is composed of alternating spiral winding layer and circumferential winding layer.

4. The linerless carbon fiber fully wound automotive hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing structure (5) is as follows: the outer periphery of the bottle valve (6) and the contact surface of the bottle valve seat (1) are provided with an annular groove, and an O-ring (6-1) and a retaining ring (6-2) are provided in the groove. The diameter of the O-ring (6-1) is greater than the depth of the groove.

5. A linerless carbon fiber fully wound automotive hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottle valve seat (1) has an anti-rotation structure on the outer side (9) of the bottleneck. The anti-rotation structure is: the outer part is a carbon fiber winding layer and the inner part is an aluminum alloy bottle valve seat (1).

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