An optical system based on MLA

Abstract

The utility model discloses an optical system based on MLA, including at least one LED light source, at least one condenser lens and at least one microlens array, be equipped with the light shape mask layer in the microlens array, and the light shape mask layer is formed by a plurality of light shape mask units, and every light shape mask unit is separated by the light cut boundary line and is shaded and is equipped with the convex boundary line in the middle of light cut boundary line, and the light cut boundary line of adjacent light shape mask unit is flush. The utility model discloses utilize five -segment type boundary line to divide the light area and the light -blocking area of light shape mask layer to get the low middle two -sides high low beam light shape distribution, and this kind of light type car lamp can avoid the opposite glare, protect the opposite vehicle safety, eliminate own visual field blind area, guarantee the car driving safety, and reduce long -time driving fatigue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical technology, and specifically relates to an optical system based on MLA. Background Technology

[0002] MLA (Microlens Array) is a novel optical technology for automotive lighting, integrating personalized designs with diverse applications through precision microlens modules. MLA technology employs nanoscale lens manufacturing processes, consisting of hundreds of microlens units. Each lens has a micro-image embedded at its base, utilizing the hyperfocal principle to create a clear projection on an inclined surface, achieving both high and low beam functionality.

[0003] Current headlight MLAs employ an optical scheme consisting of an incident lens, a beam cutoff line, and a projection lens. Some designs already specify the shape of the low beam, with the cutoff line distributed in three segments, mostly either lower on the left and higher on the right, or vice versa. While this type of beam pattern can meet basic lighting needs, a left-lower-right-high beam pattern may affect driving safety during normal driving and turning. Conversely, a left-higher-right-lower beam pattern, where the left side is excessively bright, can easily obstruct the vision of oncoming drivers, thus increasing the risk of traffic accidents.

[0004] Furthermore, because the cutoff line of the low beam is at different heights on the left and right sides, a noticeable drop-off occurs after two adjacent microlens arrays. This drop-off is projected outwards through the microlens array, also creating a drop-off. This situation is extremely detrimental to the lighting effect and visually affects the driver's perception. Currently, the solution to this problem is to add two layers of light-shielding devices between the incident and exit lenses. One layer forms a specific shape with the left side lower and the right side higher, and the other layer blocks the corresponding drop-off and stray light. This makes the MLA structure more complex, increases the number of parts and assembly processes, and reduces optical efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides an MLA-based optical system that offers a light distribution that is low in the middle and high at both ends, with no height difference in the middle, thereby improving illumination and enhancing driving safety.

[0006] Therefore, the technical solution of this utility model is: an optical system based on MLA, including at least one LED light source, at least one condenser lens and at least one microlens array; the microlens array is provided with a light-shaped mask layer, which is composed of multiple light-shaped mask units. Each light-shaped mask unit is separated into a light-transmitting area and a light-blocking area by a light cutoff boundary line. A raised boundary line is provided in the middle of the light cutoff boundary line, and the light cutoff boundary lines of adjacent light-shaped mask units are flush.

[0007] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment: the light cutoff boundary line is composed of a right boundary line, an inclined edge one, a raised boundary line, an inclined edge two, and a left boundary line. The right boundary line, the raised boundary line, and the left boundary line are parallel to each other. The angle between the inclined edge one and the right boundary line / raised boundary line is 30°~50°, and the angle between the inclined edge two and the raised boundary line / left boundary line is 10°~30°. That is, the inclined edge one, the raised boundary line, and the inclined edge two form a trapezoidal raised structure. The length of the raised boundary line is 0.05mm~0.2mm. The vertical distance h1 between the right boundary line and the raised boundary line is 0.2~0.4 times the length of the raised boundary line, and the vertical distance h2 between the raised boundary line and the left boundary line is 0.1~0.3 times the length of the raised boundary line, and h1 is greater than h2.

[0008] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred option, there is a vertical misalignment or counterclockwise rotation between adjacent photomask units in the same row.

[0009] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme: the light-transmitting area of ​​the light-shaped mask layer is provided with a light-shielding structure, and / or the light-shielding area of ​​the light-shaped mask layer is provided with a light-transmitting hole or a partial light-transmitting area, the size and shape of the light-transmitting hole being variable.

[0010] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme: the microlens array includes an incident lens layer, a light-shaping mask layer and an exiting lens layer; the microlens array is composed of multiple microlens components, and each microlens component is provided with a single incident lens layer unit, a light-shaping mask unit and an exiting lens layer unit.

[0011] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme: the light-incident lens layer includes a light-incident lens and a light-incident lens carrier, which are either separate structures or fixed as one unit; the light-exiting lens layer includes a light-exiting lens carrier, a light-shielding mask layer, and a light-exiting lens, which are either separate structures or fixed as one unit.

[0012] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme: the focal point of the incident lens and the focal point of the exit lens have an offset range of -0.15mm to +0.15mm in the vertical direction and an offset range of 0mm to 0.2mm in the horizontal direction.

[0013] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme: the light-shielding mask layer is provided with a number of rectangular strip-shaped light-transmitting areas, or light-transmitting areas composed of a concave array.

[0014] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme: the light incident lens is composed of several light incident lens units arranged vertically. Each light incident lens unit is composed of a first hemispherical lens, several cylindrical lenses, and a second hemispherical lens. Each row of cylindrical lenses is flush, or there is a vertical misalignment between each row of cylindrical lenses, and they are connected by cylindrical surfaces. Alternatively, the incident lens unit may be composed of freeform lenses or spherical lenses, with adjacent lenses being misaligned or flush in the vertical direction.

[0015] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme: the light-emitting lens is composed of a freeform surface lens or a spherical lens, and adjacent lenses are misaligned or flush in the vertical direction.

[0016] This invention uses a light cutoff boundary line composed of 5 segments to divide the light-transmitting area and the light-blocking area of ​​the light-shaped mask layer. A trapezoidal protrusion structure is provided on the light cutoff boundary line. The near-light pattern corresponding to this light-shaped mask layer presents an inverted trapezoidal shape, or a bathtub shape, that is, the middle part is lower than the two sides, the left side is lower than the right side, but it is higher than the bottom of the middle bathtub.

[0017] The lowered center of the beam pattern precisely avoids the eye level of oncoming drivers. This eliminates direct glare from the eyes of oncoming drivers, preventing momentary visual dazzle and significantly reducing the risk of collisions when meeting oncoming traffic. The raised sides extend the light coverage to key areas on both sides of the vehicle, including pedestrians, non-motorized vehicles, roadside obstacles, and vehicles approaching from the side at intersections. This completely solves the blind spot problem caused by insufficient light on one side in traditional "left-low, right-high" or "left-high, right-low" beam patterns. Furthermore, the lower center and higher ends of the beam pattern better align with human visual habits, effectively reducing eye strain.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: By using a five-segment boundary line to divide the light-transmitting area and the light-blocking area of ​​the light-shaped mask layer, a low-beam light pattern distribution with high sides and low center is obtained. This type of headlight can avoid oncoming glare, protect the safety of oncoming vehicles, eliminate blind spots, ensure the driving safety of the vehicle, and reduce fatigue during long-term driving.

[0019] By using vertical displacement or counterclockwise rotation of adjacent microlens assemblies, the light cutoff boundary lines on two adjacent light-shaped mask units can be aligned, thereby avoiding light pattern discontinuity, ensuring illumination effect, and compared with existing two-layer light-shielding devices, a single light-shaped mask layer can avoid reducing optical efficiency.

[0020] By adding baffles or light-transmitting holes or localized light-transmitting areas at different locations in the light-transmitting area of ​​the light-transmitting mask layer, a more uniform and acceptable light energy distribution can be obtained. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the moving state of the LED light source of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating state of the LED light source and the focusing lens of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the moving state of the LED light source and the focusing lens of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the microlens array of this utility model; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the components of the first structure of the microlens array of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the microlens array of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the microlens array of this utility model; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of a single microlens assembly of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a partial optical mask diagram of the microlens array of this utility model; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the vertical misalignment of adjacent optical mask layers in this utility model. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the counterclockwise rotation of adjacent optical mask layers of this utility model; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the light cutoff boundary line of the optical mask layer of this utility model; Figure 14 This is a partial optical mask diagram of the microlens array of this utility model (with increased local light-passing aperture). Figure 15 This is a partial optical mask diagram of the microlens array of this utility model (with added local light transmission and local light blocking structures). Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the light-shielding mask layer of this utility model; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the light-shielding mask layer of this utility model; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the incident lens of this utility model; Figure 19This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the incident lens of this utility model; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the incident lens of this utility model; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the incident lens of this utility model; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the light-emitting lens of this utility model; Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the light-emitting lens of this utility model; Figure 24 This is a light distribution diagram of the present invention, showing a lower center and higher sides.

[0022] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: LED light source 1, focusing lens 2, microlens array 3, incident lens 31, first hemispherical lens 311, cylindrical lens 312, second hemispherical lens 313, cylindrical surface 314, slender cylindrical lens 315, freeform surface lens one or spherical lens one 316, incident lens carrier 32, light-shaped mask layer 33, adhesive layer 34, light-emitting lens carrier 35, light-shielding mask layer 36, light-emitting lens 37, freeform surface lens two or spherical lens two 371, incident lens layer 38, light-emitting lens layer 39, incident lens unit 301, incident lens carrier unit 302, light-shaped mask layer unit 303, adhesive layer unit 304, light-emitting lens carrier unit 305, light-shielding mask layer unit 306, light-emitting lens unit 307, light-transmitting aperture 41, first light-shielding structure 42, second light-shielding structure 43, local light-transmitting area 44; The light-transmitting area S1, the light-blocking area S2, the light cutoff boundary line S3, the rectangular strip-shaped light-transmitting area S4, and the light-transmitting area S5 composed of a concave array. Detailed Implementation

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the directional terms such as "center", "horizontal (X)", "longitudinal (Y)", "vertical (Z)", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation and positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of this utility model.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features. Thus, the use of "first" and "second" to define a feature may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "several" or "a number" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] See the attached figures. The MLA-based optical system described in this embodiment includes at least one LED light source 1, at least one condenser lens 2, and at least one microlens array 3, and the LED light source 1, condenser lens 2, and microlens array 3 are all in one-to-one correspondence.

[0026] The LED light source 1 can be multiple independent LEDs or an LED array, as long as it provides a light source.

[0027] The condenser lens 2 has diverse shapes and structures: in terms of shape, the collimator can be circular or rectangular; in terms of type, it can be a TIR lens, a plano-convex lens or a biconvex lens; in terms of optical surface type, it can be a plane, a sphere or a freeform surface.

[0028] The LED light source 1 can be offset relative to the condenser lens 2 (see...). Figure 2 ) or deflection, or the LED light source 1 and the condenser lens 2 are offset relative to the microlens array 3 (see Figure 4 ) or deflection (see Figure 3 After offset or deflection to the set position, the three are fixed together.

[0029] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the microlens array 3 may sequentially include an incident lens 31, an incident lens carrier 32, a light-shading mask layer 33, an adhesive layer 34, an exiting lens carrier 35, a light-shielding mask layer 36, and an exiting lens 37, wherein the positions of the light-shading mask layer 33 and the adhesive layer 34 are interchangeable. Furthermore, the incident lens 31 and the incident lens carrier 32 can be combined into a single incident lens layer 38, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown; the light-emitting lens carrier 35, the light-shielding mask layer 36, and the light-emitting lens 37 can also be combined into a single light-emitting lens layer 39, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0030] The microlens array 3 is composed of multiple microlens components. Each microlens component comprises a unit of incident light lens 301, incident light lens carrier 302, light-shading mask layer 303, adhesive layer 304, light-emitting lens carrier 305, light-shielding mask layer 306, and light-emitting lens 307. Figure 9As shown. Regarding the focal points of the incident lens 31 and the exit lens 37, the focal point of the incident lens 31 will be 0mm~0.15mm higher than the focal point of the exit lens 37 (vertically). The left and right directions are adjusted according to the requirements of low beam, with an offset range of 0mm~0.2mm (left and right). If used as a high beam, the incident lens 31 will be 0mm~0.15mm lower than the exit lens 37.

[0031] Both the incident lens carrier 32 and the exiting lens carrier 35 are made of light-transmitting material. The incident side of the incident lens carrier 32 is used to fix the incident lens 31 and determine the lens position. The exiting side of the incident lens carrier 32 and the incident side of the exiting lens carrier 35 together fix the light pattern mask layer 33, forming a light pattern forming device. The exiting side of the exiting lens carrier 35 is used to fix the exiting lens 37 and determine the lens position. At the same time, a light-shielding mask layer 36 can also be placed on the light-shielding surface of the exiting lens carrier 35, and the exiting lens 37 is fixed after the light-shielding mask layer 36.

[0032] like Figure 13 As shown, the optical mask unit 303 of a single microlens assembly consists of a light-transmitting region S1 (dashed frame region) and a light-blocking region S2 (solid frame region), with a light-cutoff boundary line S3 in between. The light-cutoff boundary line S3 is composed of a right boundary line (line1), a first inclined edge (line2), a raised boundary line (line3), a second inclined edge (line4), and a left boundary line (line5). Lines 1, 3, and 5 are parallel to each other. The angle θ1 between line2 and line1 / line3 is 30°~50°, preferably 35° or 45°. Line 4... The angle θ2 between line 3 and line 5 is 10°~30°, preferably 20°, that is, the inclined side line 2, the raised boundary line line 3, and the inclined side line 4 form a trapezoidal raised structure; the length L3 of the raised boundary line line 3 is 0.05mm~0.2mm, the vertical distance h1 between the right boundary line line 1 and the raised boundary line line 3 is 0.2~0.4 times the length L3 of the raised boundary line, and the vertical distance h2 between the raised boundary line line 3 and the left boundary line line 5 is 0.1~0.3 times the length L3 of the raised boundary line.

[0033] like Figure 10 As shown, there is an alignment problem between lines 1 and 5 of adjacent near-light photomasks. To solve this problem, the vertical positions of adjacent microlens assemblies in the same row can be adjusted so that there is a vertical misalignment between adjacent microlens assemblies, such as... Figure 11 As shown. Alternatively, adjacent microlens assemblies in the same row are not misaligned vertically, but the second microlens assembly is rotated counterclockwise, as shown. Figure 12As shown, this aligns line 1 and line 5 between adjacent near-light photomasks on the left and right sides. At the same time, the corresponding entire microlens assembly will also undergo corresponding operations such as displacement or rotation.

[0034] To achieve a light pattern that better meets regulatory requirements, light-transmitting holes 41 are added to the light-shielding area. The number of these light-transmitting holes is less than the number of microlens components in the entire module, and these light-transmitting holes 41 vary in size and shape, such as... Figure 14 As shown.

[0035] To achieve a more uniform and publicly acceptable light energy distribution, light-blocking structures are added at different locations in the light-transmitting region S1 of the light-masking mask layer 33, or light-transmitting holes 41 are added in the light-blocking region S2, and localized light-transmitting regions are also increased. Specifically, for example... Figure 15 As shown. The dashed line represents the light-transmitting area S1, and the solid line represents the light-blocking area S2. A light-transmitting aperture 41 is added to the light-blocking area S2, and the size and shape of the aperture 41 are variable. A first light-blocking structure 42 is added to the light-transmitting area S1. The first light-blocking structure 42 is located above the light-transmitting area S1, and its shape is usually flat at the top and pointed at the bottom, and symmetrical from left to right. A second light-blocking structure 43 is added within the light-transmitting area S1. This structure mainly blocks the energy of the near light line 1 and below. A local light-transmitting area 44 is added by moving the line 3 down. The number of all four operations is less than or equal to the number of microlens groups in a single module.

[0036] The light-shielding mask layer 36 is located between the light-emitting lens carrier 35 and the light-emitting lens 37, mainly to block stray light. The light-shielding mask layer 36 has several rectangular strip-shaped light-transmitting areas S4. Figure 16 (the dashed part), or the light-transmitting area S5 composed of a concave array ( Figure 17 (The dotted line portion).

[0037] The structure of the incident lens can be chosen from any of the following: The first structure is as follows Figure 18 As shown, the incident lens 31 is composed of rows of incident lens units. Each incident lens unit consists of a first hemispherical lens 311, several cylindrical lenses 312, and a second hemispherical lens 313. There is an vertical misalignment between the cylindrical lenses 312 in each row, and the misaligned parts are bridged by cylindrical surfaces 314.

[0038] The second structure is as follows: Figure 19 As shown, the incident lens unit is also composed of a first hemispherical lens 311, a slender cylindrical lens 315, and a second hemispherical lens 313, but each row of cylindrical lenses 313 is arranged neatly without any misalignment.

[0039] The third structure is as follows Figure 20As shown, the incident lens unit is composed of a freeform surface lens or a spherical lens 316, and is misaligned in the vertical direction.

[0040] The fourth structure is as follows: Figure 21 As shown, the incident lens unit is composed of a freeform surface lens or a spherical lens 316, and there is no misalignment in the vertical direction; they are arranged neatly.

[0041] The structure of the light-emitting lens 37 can be selected from any of the following: The first structure is as follows Figure 22 As shown, the light-emitting lens 37 is composed of a freeform surface lens 2 or a spherical lens 2 371, and the adjacent lenses are misaligned in the vertical direction.

[0042] The second structure is as follows: Figure 23 As shown, the light-emitting lens 37 is composed of a freeform surface lens 2 or a spherical lens 2 372, and the adjacent lenses are not misaligned in the vertical direction and are arranged neatly.

[0043] In this embodiment, a light cutoff boundary line S3 composed of 5 lines is used to divide the light-transmitting region S1 and the light-blocking region S2 of the light-shaped mask layer 33. A trapezoidal protrusion structure is provided on the light cutoff boundary line. The near-beam pattern corresponding to this light-shaped mask layer presents a near-inverted trapezoidal shape, or a bathtub shape, where the middle part is lower than the sides, and the left side is generally lower than the right side, but higher than the bottom of the middle bathtub. The near-beam pattern is as follows: Figure 24 As shown.

[0044] The lowered center of the beam pattern precisely avoids the eye level of oncoming drivers. This eliminates direct glare from the eyes of oncoming drivers, preventing momentary visual dazzle and significantly reducing the risk of collisions when meeting oncoming traffic. The raised sides extend the light coverage to key areas on both sides of the vehicle, including pedestrians, non-motorized vehicles, roadside obstacles, and vehicles approaching from the side at intersections. This completely solves the blind spot problem caused by insufficient light on one side in traditional "left-low, right-high" or "left-high, right-low" beam patterns. Furthermore, the lower center and higher ends of the beam pattern better align with human visual habits, effectively reducing eye strain.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An MLA-based optical system, comprising at least one LED light source, at least one condenser lens, and at least one microlens array; characterized in that: The microlens array contains a light-shaped mask layer, which is composed of multiple light-shaped mask units. Each light-shaped mask unit is separated into a light-transmitting area and a light-blocking area by a light cutoff boundary line. A raised boundary line is provided in the middle of the light cutoff boundary line, and the light cutoff boundary lines of adjacent light-shaped mask units are flush.

2. The MLA-based optical system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The light cutoff boundary line is composed of a right boundary line, an inclined edge one, a raised boundary line, an inclined edge two, and a left boundary line. The right boundary line, the raised boundary line, and the left boundary line are parallel to each other. The angle between the inclined edge one and the right boundary line / raised boundary line is 30°~50°, and the angle between the inclined edge two and the raised boundary line / left boundary line is 10°~30°. That is, the inclined edge one, the raised boundary line, and the inclined edge two form a trapezoidal raised structure. The length of the raised boundary line is 0.05mm~0.2mm. The vertical distance h1 between the right boundary line and the raised boundary line is 0.2~0.4 times the length of the raised boundary line, and the vertical distance h2 between the raised boundary line and the left boundary line is 0.1~0.3 times the length of the raised boundary line, and h1 is greater than h2.

3. The MLA-based optical system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: There is vertical misalignment or counterclockwise rotation between adjacent photomask units in the same row.

4. The MLA-based optical system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The light-transmitting area of ​​the light-shaped mask layer is provided with a light-shielding structure, and / or the light-shielding area of ​​the light-shaped mask layer is provided with a light-transmitting hole or a partial light-transmitting area, the size and shape of the light-transmitting hole being variable.

5. The MLA-based optical system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The microlens array includes an incident lens layer, a light-shaping mask layer, and an exiting lens layer; the microlens array is composed of multiple microlens components, each of which is provided with a single incident lens layer unit, a light-shaping mask unit, and an exiting lens layer unit.

6. The MLA-based optical system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The incident lens layer includes an incident lens and an incident lens carrier, which are either separate structures or fixed as one unit; the exiting lens layer includes an exiting lens carrier, a light-shielding mask layer, and an exiting lens, which are either separate structures or fixed as one unit; it also includes an adhesive layer, which is located on any side of the light-shaped mask layer.

7. The MLA-based optical system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The focal point of the incident lens and the focal point of the exit lens have a vertical offset range of -0.15mm to +0.15mm and a horizontal offset range of 0mm to 0.2mm.

8. An MLA-based optical system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The light-shielding mask layer has several rectangular strip-shaped light-transmitting areas, or light-transmitting areas composed of a concave array.

9. An MLA-based optical system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The incident lens is composed of several incident lens units arranged vertically. Each incident lens unit consists of a first hemispherical lens, several cylindrical lenses, and a second hemispherical lens. Each row of cylindrical lenses is flush, or there is a vertical misalignment between each row of cylindrical lenses, and they are connected by cylindrical surfaces. Alternatively, the incident lens unit may be composed of freeform lenses or spherical lenses, with adjacent lenses being misaligned or flush in the vertical direction.

10. An MLA-based optical system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The light-emitting lens is composed of a freeform surface lens or a spherical lens, and adjacent lenses are misaligned or flush in the vertical direction.

Images