Biomass and oil gas multi-fuel boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of biomass and oil gas multi-fuel boiler, including furnace body, the burner of furnace body left end is connected into its inside, furnace body front is provided with the feed assembly for adding biomass fuel, the feed assembly includes feed hopper, the upper and lower opening cylinder is provided below the feed hopper, the cylinder is provided with uniform material unit, cylinder bottom is connected with the blanking plate, one end of the blanking plate is inserted into the inside of furnace body. The utility model can not only burn high calorific value fuel oil, gas, but also can burn relatively low calorific value but widely sourced biomass fuel, realizes the combustion use of different fuel in the same boiler, to realize energy comprehensive utilization and efficient conversion, satisfy multi-fuel adaptive demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of boiler retrofitting technology, specifically to a biomass and oil / gas multi-fuel boiler. Background Technology

[0002] Boilers, as key energy conversion devices, play an indispensable role in industrial production and people's lives. They convert input energy, such as the chemical energy of fuel and electrical energy, into steam, high-temperature water, or organic heat carriers with a certain amount of thermal energy. The resulting hot water or steam has a wide range of uses: it can directly provide the heat energy needed for industrial production, ensuring the smooth operation of various production processes; it can also be used in people's lives to meet daily heating and hot water supply needs. Furthermore, through steam power units, steam can be converted into mechanical energy, which is then converted into electrical energy by a generator, achieving further energy conversion and utilization. Based on the different forms of output heat energy, boilers can be divided into hot water boilers and steam boilers. Hot water boilers are mainly used in residential areas and some industrial production scenarios, providing people with a comfortable living environment and meeting the hot water needs of specific production processes; steam boilers are commonly found in thermal power plants, ships, locomotives, and industrial and mining enterprises, serving as core equipment for power supply and energy conversion in these fields.

[0003] Currently, most gas-fired, oil-fired, and biomass-fired boilers widely used in the market suffer from the problem of limited fuel adaptability. These boilers are typically optimized for only one specific fuel during design, and when faced with fuel shortages, insufficient supply, or significant price increases, they cannot adapt to changes in fuel availability. For example, during periods of energy market volatility, if gas supply is limited, gas-fired boilers will be unable to operate normally, leading to insufficient heating during production, which in turn causes production line shutdowns, decreased product quality, and a series of other problems, resulting in severe economic losses for enterprises. Simultaneously, with the increasing global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, the adjustment and optimization of the energy structure has become an inevitable trend. Over-reliance on traditional fossil fuels not only faces the risk of resource depletion but also causes serious environmental pollution. Therefore, developing a boiler that can adapt to multiple fuels, fully utilizing the advantages of different fuels, and achieving comprehensive energy utilization and efficient conversion has become a critical issue that the boiler industry urgently needs to address. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that currently widely used gas-fired, oil-fired, and biomass-fired boilers have limited fuel applicability and cannot cope with fuel shortages, insufficient supply, or sharp price increases that could lead to malfunctions, this invention proposes a multi-fuel boiler that can burn both high-calorific-value oil and gas, as well as relatively low-calorific-value but widely available biomass fuel. This allows for the combustion and use of different fuels within the same boiler, achieving comprehensive energy utilization and efficient conversion, and meeting the needs for multi-fuel adaptability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A multi-fuel boiler combining biomass and oil / gas includes a furnace body. A burner extending into the furnace body is connected to its left end. A feeding assembly for adding biomass fuel is located at the front of the furnace body. The feeding assembly includes a feeding hopper, and a cylindrical body with openings at the top and bottom is located below the feeding hopper. A uniform feeding unit is located inside the cylindrical body, and a discharge plate is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical body, with one end of the discharge plate extending into the furnace body. This multi-fuel boiler can burn both high-calorific-value oil and gas fuels, as well as relatively low-calorific-value but widely available biomass fuels. This allows for the combustion of different fuels within the same boiler. Furthermore, the feeding assembly ensures the smoothness and stability of the biomass fuel addition process, providing a foundation for the complete combustion of the biomass fuel.

[0006] Furthermore, the uniform feeding unit includes a rotating shaft and baffles. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the cylindrical body, and the baffles are arranged in a circular array on the rotating shaft. The end of the baffle away from the rotating shaft contacts the inner wall of the cylindrical body. The rotating shaft drives the circular array of baffles in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical body to rotate, which can comprehensively and uniformly disperse the biomass fuel falling from the feed hopper. Regardless of the initial position of the fuel, it can be touched and pushed by the baffles, effectively avoiding local accumulation of fuel inside the cylindrical body. This ensures that the fuel is relatively evenly distributed at the bottom of the cylindrical body and falls onto the feeding plate, laying a good foundation for the subsequent uniform spreading and complete combustion of fuel on the grate.

[0007] Furthermore, a motor is installed on one side of the cylindrical body, and one end of the rotating shaft passes through the side wall of the cylindrical body and is connected to the output shaft of the motor via a coupling. The rotating shaft drives the baffles, which are arranged in a ring array and in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical body, to rotate, thereby enabling comprehensive and uniform dispersion of biomass fuel falling from the feed hopper. Regardless of the initial position of the fuel, it can be touched and pushed by the baffles, effectively preventing local accumulation of fuel inside the cylindrical body and ensuring that the fuel is evenly distributed at the bottom of the cylindrical body and falls onto the feed plate. This lays a good foundation for the subsequent uniform spreading and complete combustion of fuel on the grate.

[0008] Furthermore, the feeding plate is provided with several baffles, and a feeding channel is formed between two adjacent baffles. The feeding channel can guide the biomass fuel into the furnace body, making the distribution of biomass fuel on the grate more uniform.

[0009] Furthermore, an air distribution port is provided at the lower right end of the furnace body. When burning biomass fuel, the air distribution port provides a supply of cold air to ensure stable combustion of biomass fuel in the furnace and avoid unstable combustion caused by local oxygen deficiency or excessive air.

[0010] Furthermore, a manhole is provided on the top of the furnace body. The manhole provides operators with a passage to the interior of the furnace, facilitating regular inspection, maintenance, and repair of components such as the heating surfaces inside the boiler.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model through the above technical solution are as follows: This utility model provides a multi-fuel boiler that combines biomass and oil / gas, enabling the combustion of different fuels within the same boiler. It can burn both high-calorific-value oil and gas fuels, as well as relatively low-calorific-value but widely available biomass fuels, such as sawdust, straw, and pellets. This wide fuel applicability allows the boiler to adapt quickly to fuel shortages, insufficient supply, or significant price increases. For example, during periods of energy market fluctuations, if gas supply is limited, the boiler can switch to either oil or biomass fuel, preventing insufficient heating during production and avoiding issues such as production line shutdowns and product quality degradation. This ensures production continuity and stability, reducing economic losses for enterprises due to fuel supply problems. Furthermore, the lower-calorific-value solid biomass pellets and the higher-calorific-value oil and gas fuels complement and serve as backups for each other. This comprehensive energy utilization improves energy efficiency, reduces waste, and aligns with the principles of energy conservation and green development.

[0012] This invention features a feeding assembly. The feeding hopper facilitates the introduction of biomass fuel, while the cylindrical body serves as a transition space. Several baffles are arranged on the discharge plate, forming a discharge channel between adjacent baffles. This discharge channel guides the biomass fuel into the furnace body, resulting in a more uniform distribution of the fuel on the grate. Uniform distribution helps the fuel fully contact the air within the furnace, improving combustion efficiency and preventing incomplete combustion caused by localized accumulation of biomass fuel. Incomplete combustion produces harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, wasting energy and potentially polluting the environment. Simultaneously, the uniform distribution unit within the cylindrical body includes a rotating shaft and baffles. A motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, causing the baffles, arranged in a circular array on the shaft, to rotate. During rotation, the baffles evenly disperse the falling biomass fuel, further ensuring the smoothness and stability of the biomass fuel addition process. This provides the foundation for the subsequent complete combustion of the biomass fuel, ensuring stable and efficient boiler operation. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a front view of the biomass and oil / gas multi-fuel boiler of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a top view of the biomass and oil / gas multi-fuel boiler of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the feeding assembly in the biomass and oil / gas multi-fuel boiler of this utility model; Figure 4 This utility model relates to a multi-fuel boiler made from biomass and oil / gas. Figure 3 Sectional view at point AA; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the cylindrical body and the uniform feeding component in the biomass and oil / gas multi-fuel boiler of this utility model.

[0014] The numbers in the attached diagram are: 1. Furnace body; 2. Burner; 3. Feed hopper; 4. Cylindrical body; 5. Discharge plate; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Baffle; 8. Motor; 9. Partition; 10. Air outlet; 11. Manhole. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: like Figures 1-5As shown, this embodiment provides a biomass and oil / gas multi-fuel boiler, including a furnace body 1. A burner 2 extending into the furnace body 1 is connected to the left end of the furnace body 1. A feeding assembly for adding biomass fuel is provided at the front of the furnace body 1. The feeding assembly includes a feeding hopper 3, and a cylindrical body 4 with openings at the top and bottom is provided below the feeding hopper 3. A material leveling unit is provided inside the cylindrical body 4, and a material drop plate 5 is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical body 4. One end of the material drop plate 5 extends into the furnace body 1. The burner 2 is an oil / gas burner, capable of using both oil and gas.

[0016] The biomass and oil / gas multi-fuel boiler provided by this utility model can burn high-calorific-value oil and gas fuels as well as relatively low-calorific-value but widely available biomass fuels, realizing the combustion and use of different fuels in the same boiler. Furthermore, by setting up a feeding assembly, the feeding hopper 3 facilitates the introduction of biomass fuel, the cylindrical body 4 serves as a transition space, and the dropping plate 5 guides the biomass fuel into the furnace body 1 and spreads it evenly on the grate, ensuring the smoothness and stability of the biomass fuel addition process and providing the basic conditions for the full combustion of the biomass fuel.

[0017] In this embodiment, the uniform feeding unit includes a rotating shaft 6 and baffles 7. The rotating shaft 6 is rotatably disposed inside the cylindrical body 4, and the baffles 7 are arranged in a ring array on the rotating shaft 6. The end of the baffle 7 away from the rotating shaft 6 is in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical body 4. The rotating shaft 6 drives the baffles 7, which are arranged in a ring array and in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical body 4, to rotate, which can comprehensively and evenly disperse the biomass fuel falling from the feed hopper 3. Regardless of the initial falling position of the fuel, it can be touched and pushed by the baffles 7, effectively avoiding local accumulation of fuel inside the cylindrical body 4, ensuring that the fuel is relatively evenly distributed at the bottom of the cylindrical body 4 and falls onto the feed plate 5, laying a good foundation for the subsequent even spreading and complete combustion of fuel on the grate.

[0018] It is worth mentioning that a motor 8 is provided on one side of the cylindrical body 4, and one end of the rotating shaft 6 passes through the side wall of the cylindrical body 4 and is connected to the output shaft of the motor 8 through a coupling. The motor 8 provides a stable power source for the rotation of the rotating shaft 6. Through the connection of the coupling, it can be ensured that the power output by the motor 8 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 6, so that the rotating shaft 6 can rotate stably at a predetermined speed.

[0019] In addition, the feeding plate 5 is provided with several partitions 9, and a feeding channel is formed between two adjacent partitions 9. The feeding channel can guide biomass fuel into the furnace body 1, making the distribution of biomass fuel on the grate more uniform; uniform feeding helps the fuel to fully contact with air in the furnace body 1, improves combustion efficiency, and avoids the problem of incomplete combustion caused by local accumulation of biomass fuel.

[0020] In this invention, an air distribution port 10 is provided at the lower right end of the furnace body 1. When burning biomass fuel, the air distribution port 10 provides a supply of cold air to ensure stable combustion of biomass fuel in the furnace, avoiding unstable combustion problems such as flameout or deflagration caused by local oxygen deficiency or excessive air, thus ensuring the safe operation of the boiler.

[0021] In this invention, a manhole door 11 is provided on the top of the furnace body 1. The manhole door 11 provides an access point for operators to enter the interior of the furnace body 1, facilitating regular inspection, maintenance, and repair of components such as the heating surfaces inside the boiler.

[0022] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: During operation, combustion is performed according to the characteristics of different fuels. When using oil or gas, the burner 2 connected to the left end of the furnace body 1 starts working, injecting oil or gas into the furnace body 1 for combustion and releasing a large amount of heat. When using biomass fuel, the biomass fuel is first fed into the feed hopper 3 of the feeding assembly, and then the fuel falls from the feed hopper 3 into the lower cylindrical body 4. The uniform distribution unit inside the cylindrical body 4 begins to function, and the motor 8 drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, which in turn drives the baffles 7 distributed in a ring array on the rotating shaft 6 to rotate. During the rotation, the baffles 7 evenly disperse the falling biomass fuel, avoiding local fuel accumulation and allowing the fuel to be evenly distributed at the bottom of the cylindrical body 4. Then, the evenly dispersed fuel passes through the discharge plate 5 connected to the bottom of the cylindrical body 4, and enters the furnace body 1 in an orderly manner along the discharge channel formed by the partitions 9 on the discharge plate 5, and is spread on the grate. During the combustion of biomass fuel, the air distribution port 10 provides cold air according to the combustion requirements to maintain a suitable amount of air in the furnace and ensure stable combustion of biomass fuel.

[0023] In summary, the biomass and oil / gas multi-fuel boiler provided by this utility model is a combustion system that combines the use of oil, gas, and biomass. It can simultaneously or individually use diesel, natural gas, and biomass fuels such as sawdust, straw, and pellets, making it widely applicable. The lower-calorific-value solid biomass pellets and the higher-calorific-value oil / gas complement and back each other up. This comprehensive energy utilization method improves energy efficiency and reduces energy waste. As a renewable energy source, the use of biomass fuel helps reduce dependence on traditional fossil fuels, lowers carbon emissions, and aligns with the concepts of energy conservation and green development.

[0024] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the patent claims of this utility model should be included within the scope of the patent application of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-fuel boiler consisting of biomass and oil / gas, comprising a boiler body (1), characterized in that, The furnace body (1) is connected to a burner (2) that extends into its interior at the left end. A feeding assembly for adding biomass fuel is provided in front of the furnace body (1). The feeding assembly includes a feeding hopper (3). A cylindrical body (4) with openings at the top and bottom is provided below the feeding hopper (3). A material leveling unit is provided inside the cylindrical body (4). A material drop plate (5) is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical body (4). One end of the material drop plate (5) extends into the interior of the furnace body (1).

2. The multi-fuel boiler (biomass and oil / gas) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material leveling unit includes a rotating shaft (6) and baffles (7). The rotating shaft (6) is rotatably disposed inside the cylindrical body (4). The baffles (7) are arranged in a ring array on the rotating shaft (6). The end of the baffle (7) away from the rotating shaft (6) is in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical body (4).

3. The biomass and oil / gas multi-fuel boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, A motor (8) is provided on one side of the cylindrical body (4), and one end of the rotating shaft (6) passes through the side wall of the cylindrical body (4) and is connected to the output shaft of the motor (8) through a coupling.

4. The multi-fuel boiler (biomass and oil / gas) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material discharge plate (5) is provided with several partitions (9), and a material discharge channel is formed between two adjacent partitions (9).

5. The biomass and oil / gas multi-fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air distribution port (10) is provided at the lower right end of the furnace body (1).

6. The multi-fuel boiler (biomass and oil / gas) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the furnace body (1) is provided with a manhole door (11).

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