Grate furnace for waste incineration

Abstract

The application relates to a grate furnace for garbage incineration and belongs to the field of the grate furnace. The grate furnace comprises a furnace body, a feeding pipe is communicated with the upper end of one side of the furnace body, a waste pipe is communicated with the end of the furnace body far from the feeding pipe, a smoke exhaust pipe is communicated with the upper side of the furnace body, and a material uniformizing assembly for uniformly distributing garbage entering the inside of the furnace body is arranged in the inside of the feeding pipe. The application has the effect of improving the combustion quality of garbage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of grate furnaces, and more particularly to a grate furnace for waste incineration. Background Technology

[0002] Grate incinerators are the mainstream technology for waste-to-energy incineration, belonging to the mechanical grate type incinerator, and accounting for over 80% of the global market share. They achieve three-stage processing of waste—drying, combustion, and burnout—through the mechanical movement of the grate. The combustion temperature is typically 800℃~1000℃, and the flue gas must remain above 850℃ for at least 2 seconds to ensure harmlessness. This technology is highly adaptable to different calorific values ​​of waste, and can directly process low-calorific-value, high-moisture municipal solid waste, requiring no pretreatment before incineration.

[0003] The main structure of the grate furnace currently involves guiding waste into the furnace body through a feed pipe. The waste then falls onto the upper side of the grate, where natural gas is guided into the furnace through a natural gas inlet pipe on the lower side of the grate to burn the waste. During combustion, the waste moves with the grate, and when it reaches the rear of the furnace, the remaining non-combustible waste falls out of the furnace through the waste outlet.

[0004] The grate furnaces currently in use guide the waste directly to the top of the grate through the feed pipe. This can easily lead to the waste accumulating in a certain position on the grate, resulting in incomplete combustion of some waste and thus affecting the quality of waste treatment. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to improve the combustion quality of waste, this application provides a grate furnace for waste incineration.

[0006] The technical solution for a grate furnace for waste incineration provided in this application is as follows: A grate furnace for waste incineration includes a furnace body, with a feed pipe connected to the upper end of one side of the furnace body, a waste pipe connected to the end of the furnace body away from the feed pipe, and a flue pipe connected to the upper side of the furnace body. The feed pipe is equipped with a material distribution component for evenly distributing the waste entering the furnace body.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when guiding the waste into the furnace body, the waste is uniformly distributed by the material distribution component, which can make the waste evenly placed on the upper side of the grate. This reduces the phenomenon of uneven heating of waste caused by irregular accumulation of waste on the upper side of the grate, which in turn reduces the phenomenon of incomplete combustion of waste.

[0008] Optionally, the material equalization assembly includes a first material equalization roller located inside the feed pipe. The first material equalization roller is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the feed pipe, and a plurality of first material pushing rods are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first material equalization roller for moving the waste on one side of the first material equalization roller toward the side of the first material equalization roller closer to the furnace body.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the waste enters the feed pipe, the first equalizing roller is rotated, and the first equalizing roller drives the connected first feeding rod to rotate during the rotation. The first feeding rod drives the waste to move in a regular manner into the furnace body during the rotation, thereby achieving the process of evenly distributing the waste that enters the furnace body.

[0010] Optionally, a partition plate for separating the feed pipe is provided inside the feed pipe above the first equalizing roller. A second equalizing roller is rotatably mounted on the upper side of the partition plate. A plurality of second feeding rods are fixedly connected to the side wall of the second equalizing roller. The plurality of second feeding rods are staggered with the plurality of first feeding rods.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, by simultaneously rotating the first and second equalizing rollers, multiple first and second feeding rods simultaneously drive the waste towards the furnace body, thereby ensuring that the waste entering the furnace body is more abundant while maintaining uniformity, thus improving the efficiency of the furnace body in processing waste.

[0012] Optionally, a feed pipe is connected between the feed pipe and the furnace body, and a smoke-shielding door is rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of the feed pipe. A torsion spring is connected between the smoke-shielding door and the inner wall of the feed pipe for driving the smoke-shielding door to block the feed pipe.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, during the waste incineration process inside the furnace, the smoke-shielding door blocks the flue gas inside the furnace, reducing the phenomenon of flue gas entering the feed pipe and affecting the first and second equalizing rollers.

[0014] Optionally, the feed pipe is rotatably connected to a first insulating door for sealing the gap between the heat insulation plate and the feed pipe on the lower side of the partition plate, and the heat insulation plate is rotatably connected to a second insulating door for sealing the gap between the heat insulation plate and the feed pipe on the upper side.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the first insulation door and the second insulation door block the heat inside the furnace body, thereby reducing the impact of the heat inside the furnace body on the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller.

[0016] Optionally, the waste pipe is equipped with a crushing component for crushing waste.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the waste falls into the waste pipe, the crushing component crushes the waste, reducing the impact of the large volume of waste on subsequent transportation and processing.

[0018] Optionally, the crushing assembly includes two crushing rollers arranged opposite each other, each crushing roller having a plurality of extrusion teeth fixedly connected to it, and the extrusion teeth connected to the two crushing rollers being arranged alternately.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the waste material moves into the waste pipe, the two crushing rollers rotate relative to each other, and the extrusion teeth on the two crushing rollers rotate simultaneously and come into contact with the waste material, thereby enabling the crushing operation of the waste material inside the waste pipe.

[0020] Optionally, a waste gate for sealing the waste pipe is rotatably installed inside the waste pipe on the upper side of the crushing assembly.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the waste gate partially shields the internal temperature of the furnace body, thereby reducing the phenomenon that the crushing teeth are affected by high temperature and thus the connection with the crushing roller is unstable, making it difficult for the crushing roller to crush the waste.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By setting up a material distribution component, the waste on the upper side of the grate can be evenly distributed, thereby ensuring that the waste on the upper side of the grate is fully heated and burned; 2. By setting up crushing components, the waste material after combustion can be crushed, which facilitates the subsequent waste handling process for the staff. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the material equalization component and the crushing component in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Furnace body; 11. Feed pipe; 111. Smoke shield; 12. Feed pipe; 121. Material separator plate; 122. First material separator door; 123. Second material separator door; 13. Smoke exhaust pipe; 14. Waste pipe; 141. Waste door; 15. Gas pipe; 2. Grate; 21. Pusher plate; 22. Hydraulic cylinder; 3. Material distribution assembly; 31. First material distribution roller; 311. First material feeding rod; 32. Second material distribution roller; 321. Second material feeding rod; 33. Drive sprocket; 34. Driven sprocket; 35. Chain; 36. Material distribution motor; 4. Crushing assembly; 41. Crushing roller; 42. Extrusion teeth; 43. Crushing gear; 44. Crushing motor. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0028] This application discloses a grate furnace for waste incineration, as shown in the embodiments below. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The furnace includes a furnace body 1. An opening penetrating the side wall of the furnace body 1 is located at the upper end of one side. A vertically upward-facing feed pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the opening. The upper end of the feed pipe 11 is closed, and a feed inlet pipe 12 is connected to the side of the feed pipe 11 furthest from the side wall of the furnace body 1. The feed inlet pipe 12 is horizontally positioned and extends away from the furnace body 1. A flue pipe 13 is connected to the middle of the upper side wall of the furnace body 1. A waste pipe 14 is connected to the lower part of the furnace body 1 furthest from the feed pipe 11.

[0029] Multiple through holes are formed along the length of the lower sidewall of the furnace body 1, and each through hole is connected to a gas pipe 15. A grate 2 is located inside the furnace body 1 above the gas pipe 15. The grate 2 includes multiple pusher blades 21, which are arranged in an overlapping manner, and each pusher blade 21 is gradually inclined downwards from the end closest to the feed pipe 11 to the end furthest from the feed pipe 11. Multiple through holes are formed on each pusher blade 21. Each pusher blade 21 is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 22 for moving the pusher blade 21.

[0030] The feed pipe 12 has the same diameter as the feed pipe 11, and the diameter of the feed pipe 11 is similar to the width of the grate 2. The feed pipe 12 is equipped with a material distribution component 3, which is used to disperse the waste inside the feed pipe 12 and push the waste evenly to the feed pipe 11.

[0031] When waste needs to be incinerated, it is placed inside the feed pipe 12. The waste is then evenly moved into the feed pipe 11 by the equalizing component 3, and then falls through the feed pipe 11 onto the grate 2 inside the furnace body 1. Multiple hydraulic cylinders 22 alternately drive the pusher plates 21 of adjacent layers to move back and forth, coordinating with the tilt angle of the pusher plates 21, so that the waste can gradually move towards the waste pipe 14 along the tilt direction of the pusher plates 21. During this movement, the gas pipe 15 on the lower side of the furnace body 1 guides gas to the lower side of the grate 2. The gas heats the waste on the upper side of the pusher plates through combustion, making the movement path of the waste on the multiple pusher plates divided into three stages: drying, combustion, and burnout. After burnout, the remaining waste debris is discharged from the waste pipe 14, thus achieving a complete combustion process for the waste.

[0032] By setting up the material distribution component 3 to evenly distribute the waste, the waste can be more evenly distributed on the push plate, thereby allowing the flame under the push plate to fully heat the waste and improve the quality of waste treatment.

[0033] The material leveling assembly 3 includes a first material leveling roller 31 installed at the bottom plate of the feed pipe 12. The axis of the first material leveling roller 31 is flush with the bottom plate of the feed pipe 12, and the first material leveling roller 31 is rotatably connected to the bottom plate of the feed pipe 12. A plurality of first material pushing rods 311 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first material leveling roller 31. Each first material pushing rod 311 can pass through the bottom wall of the feed pipe 12 and rotate circumferentially along the axis of the first material leveling roller 31. The plurality of first material pushing rods 311 are spaced apart and spirally distributed from the center of the first material leveling roller 31 to both ends.

[0034] The upper side of the first equalizing roller 31 is provided with a horizontally arranged partition plate 121. Each side wall of the partition plate 121 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjacent feed pipe 12, thereby dividing the internal space of the feed pipe 12 into upper and lower parts.

[0035] The material leveling assembly 3 also includes a second material leveling roller 32 located on the material separating plate 121. The axis of the second material leveling roller 32 is flush with the material separating plate 121, and the second material leveling roller 32 is rotatably connected to the material separating plate 121. A plurality of second material pushing rods 321 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second material leveling roller 32. Each second material pushing rod 321 can pass through the bottom wall of the feed pipe 12 and rotate circumferentially along the axis of the second material leveling roller 32. The plurality of second material pushing rods 321 are spaced apart and spirally distributed from the center of the second material leveling roller 32 to both ends. The direction of rotation of the plurality of second material pushing rods 321 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the plurality of first material pushing rods 311, and the plurality of first material pushing rods 311 and the plurality of second material pushing rods 321 are staggered.

[0036] One end of the second leveling roller 32 penetrates the side wall of the adjacent feed pipe 12 and is fixedly connected to a drive sprocket 33. One end of the first leveling roller 31 penetrates the side wall of the adjacent feed pipe 12 and is fixedly connected to a driven sprocket 34. The drive sprocket 33 and the driven sprocket 34 are arranged opposite each other and are fitted with the same chain 35. A housing is fitted around the drive sprocket 33, the driven sprocket 34, and the chain 35, and the housing contains lubricating oil. The end of the second leveling roller 32 connected to the drive chain 35 is connected to a leveling motor 36 via a reducer.

[0037] When it is necessary to perform a waste equalization operation, the waste is placed inside the feed pipe 11. At this time, the equalization motor 36 is turned on. The equalization motor 36 drives the drive sprocket 33 to rotate through the reducer. During the rotation of the drive sprocket 33, the driven sprocket 34 is driven to rotate. During the rotation of the drive sprocket 33 and the driven sprocket 34, the first equalization roller 31 and the second equalization roller 32 are driven to rotate. During the rotation of the first equalization roller 31 and the second equalization roller 32, the waste is moved towards the side closer to the furnace body 1 through the first feeding rod 311 and the second feeding rod 321. Since the multiple first feeding rods 311 and the multiple second feeding rods 321 rotate in opposite directions and are staggered, the waste can be evenly fed into the feed pipe 11 and evenly spread on the upper side of the push plate, thereby realizing the waste equalization operation.

[0038] A smoke-blocking door 111 is provided inside the feed pipe 11 near the feed pipe 12. One side of the smoke-blocking door 111 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed pipe 11, and a torsion spring is connected to the rotatable part. The smoke-blocking door 111 can block the inside of the feed pipe 11.

[0039] The feed pipe 12 is provided with a first heat insulation door 122 located on the lower side of the partition plate 121. The upper side of the first heat insulation door 122 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the adjacent partition plate 121, and a torsion spring is provided at the rotatable part to connect the first heat insulation door 122 and the partition plate 121. The first heat insulation door 122 can seal the gap between the feed pipe 12 and the bottom wall of the heat insulation plate.

[0040] The feed pipe 12 is provided with a second heat insulation door 123 on the upper side of the partition plate 121. The upper side of the second heat insulation door 123 is rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the adjacent feed pipe 12, and a torsion spring is provided at the rotatable part to connect the second heat insulation door 123 and the partition plate 121. The second heat insulation door 123 can seal the gap between the feed pipe 12 and the bottom wall of the heat insulation plate.

[0041] By setting up a smoke-proof door 111 and a first insulation door 122 and a second insulation door 123, the heat at the first material distribution roller 31 and the second material distribution roller 32 can be reduced, thereby reducing the occurrence of damage to the first material distribution roller 31 and the second material distribution roller 32 due to their high temperature after prolonged contact with room temperature garbage.

[0042] The waste pipe 14 is equipped with a crushing component 4.

[0043] By setting up the crushing component 4, the waste combustion waste at the waste pipe 14 can be crushed, which facilitates the subsequent processing of the waste waste after combustion by the staff.

[0044] The crushing assembly 4 includes two opposing crushing rollers 41. Each crushing roller 41 has multiple extrusion teeth 42 fixedly connected to its outer wall, and the extrusion teeth 42 on the two crushing rollers 41 are staggered. Both crushing rollers 41 have crushing gears 43 fixedly connected to their ends that face the same direction, penetrating the sidewalls of adjacent waste pipes 14. The two crushing gears 43 mesh with each other, and a crushing motor 44 is fixedly connected to one side of one of the crushing gears 43. A housing is fitted around the two crushing gears 43.

[0045] When the waste material falls onto the upper side of the two crushing rollers 41, the crushing motor 44 is turned on. The crushing motor 44, together with the crushing gear 43, drives the two crushing rollers 41 to rotate relative to each other. During the rotation, the two crushing rollers 41 crush the waste material between the two crushing rollers 41, thereby realizing the crushing process of the waste material.

[0046] The waste pipe 14 is vertically arranged and has a horizontally arranged waste gate 141 located on the upper side of the crushing roller 41. One side of the waste gate 141 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjacent waste pipe 14, and a torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection. The torsion spring is used to drive the waste gate 141 to move and block the inner wall of the waste pipe 14.

[0047] By setting the waste gate 141, the gap between the furnace body 1 and the crushing roller 41 can be sealed, thereby reducing the occurrence of damage to the crushing roller 41 caused by the continuous high temperature inside the furnace body 1.

[0048] The implementation principle of a grate furnace 2 for waste incineration according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: the waste to be processed is placed inside the feed pipe 12, and then the waste is evenly driven into the furnace body 1 by the first equalizing roller 31 and the second equalizing roller 32.

[0049] As the pusher plate moves, the waste gradually moves inside the furnace body 1 and is heated. After the waste is heated, the flue gas escapes through the exhaust pipe 13, and the remaining powder moves to the waste pipe 14. Inside the waste pipe 14, two crushing rollers 41 rotate relative to each other, thereby achieving the crushing operation of the waste.

[0050] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A grate furnace for waste incineration, characterized in that: The furnace includes a furnace body (1), with a feed pipe (12) connected to the upper end of one side of the furnace body (1), a waste pipe (14) connected to the end of the furnace body (1) away from the feed pipe (11), and a flue pipe (13) connected to the upper side of the furnace body (1). The feed pipe (12) is equipped with a material distribution component (3) for distributing the waste entering the furnace body (1). The material equalization assembly (3) includes a first material equalization roller (31) located inside the feed pipe (12). The first material equalization roller (31) is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the feed pipe (12), and a plurality of first material push rods (311) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first material equalization roller (31) for driving the waste on one side of the first material equalization roller (31) to move towards the side of the first material equalization roller (31) closer to the furnace body (1).

2. The grate furnace for waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: Inside the feed pipe (12), above the first equalizing roller (31), there is a partition plate (121) for separating the feed pipe (12). A second equalizing roller (32) is rotatably mounted on the upper side of the partition plate (121). A plurality of second feeding rods (321) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the second equalizing roller (32). The plurality of second feeding rods (321) are staggered with the plurality of first feeding rods (311).

3. A grate furnace for waste incineration according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The feed pipe (12) is connected to the furnace body (1) by a feed pipe (11). A smoke-shielding door (111) is rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of the feed pipe (11). A torsion spring is connected between the smoke-shielding door (111) and the inner wall of the feed pipe (11) for driving the smoke-shielding door (111) to block the feed pipe (11).

4. A grate furnace for waste incineration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed pipe (12) is rotatably connected to a first insulation door (122) for sealing the gap between the heat insulation plate and the feed pipe (12) inside the lower side of the partition plate (121), and a second insulation door (123) for sealing the gap between the heat insulation plate and the feed pipe (12) is rotatably connected to the upper side of the heat insulation plate.

5. A grate furnace for waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste pipe (14) is equipped with a crushing component (4) for crushing waste.

6. A grate furnace for waste incineration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crushing assembly (4) includes two crushing rollers (41) arranged opposite to each other. Multiple extrusion teeth (42) are fixedly connected to each of the two crushing rollers (41), and the extrusion teeth (42) connected to the two crushing rollers (41) are arranged alternately.

7. A grate furnace for waste incineration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The waste pipe (14) is rotatably mounted inside the upper side of the crushing assembly (4) and has a waste gate (141) for sealing the waste pipe (14).

Images