Cyclone fly ash melting furnace device

Abstract

The utility model relates to fly ash processing technical field and disclose a cyclone fly ash smelting furnace device, including furnace body, the top end of furnace body is embedded with fly ash into pipe, the inside fixedly connected with helical fairlead of furnace body, the lateral wall of furnace body is embedded with three fuel inlet pipes from top to bottom respectively, the fuel inlet pipe wall annular base, the outer wall of annular base all fixedly sheathed and connected with sealing washer, one end of annular base all is fixedly connected with flange plate, the flange plate all is penetrated and is connected to the bolt of several in the inside end of furnace body, the other end of annular base fixedly connected three arc clamping blocks, the inner end of arc clamping block all is fixedly connected with flexible graphite gasket, and flexible graphite gasket all with fuel inlet pipe resistance, the flexible graphite gasket and arc clamping block connection section exist gap, the utility model ceramic fibre sealing washer can prevent flue gas leakage and heat loss, flexible graphite gasket can also absorb the stress of thermal expansion and cold shrink, avoid pipeline cracking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fly ash treatment technology, specifically to a cyclone-type fly ash melting furnace device. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the widespread adoption of waste-to-energy incineration technology, the emissions of fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration and coal-fired power generation have increased dramatically. This fly ash is classified as hazardous waste due to its high concentrations of dioxins, heavy metals (such as lead, cadmium, and mercury), and soluble salts. If directly discharged or landfilled without proper treatment, dioxins will pollute the atmosphere and soil for a long time, while heavy metals can easily leach into groundwater through rainwater, posing a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. Therefore, achieving the harmless, reduced-volume, and resource-based treatment of fly ash has become a core necessity in the environmental protection field.

[0003] Traditional fuel pipelines in cyclone fly ash melting furnaces are mostly made of metal. Although the materials are similar to those of the furnace body (metal) and supporting structure (metal), the thermal expansion of the pipelines at the high temperature of 1200-1500℃ inside the furnace still differs from that of the furnace body and supports. Furthermore, traditional supports are mostly rigidly welded without elastic buffer structures. When the pipelines expand thermally, they are easily stretched and compressed; when they contract coldly, they are prone to loosening and leaking flue gas. Long-term alternating hot and cold temperatures can easily lead to seal failure and pipeline cracking, affecting the service life of the pipelines. To address these issues, we propose a cyclone fly ash melting furnace device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cyclone-type fly ash melting furnace device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a cyclone-type fly ash melting furnace device, comprising a furnace body, a fly ash inlet pipe embedded at the top of the furnace body, a spiral guide plate fixedly connected inside the furnace body, and three fuel inlet pipes embedded from top to bottom on the side wall of the furnace body; The fuel inlet pipe has an annular base, and a sealing gasket is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the annular base. A flange is fixedly connected to one end of the annular base, and several bolts with threads through the flange are connected to the inner end of the furnace body. Three arc-shaped clamping blocks are fixedly connected to the other end of the annular base. Flexible graphite gaskets are fixedly connected to the inner end of each arc-shaped clamping block, and the flexible graphite gaskets abut against the fuel inlet pipe. There is a gap between the flexible graphite gaskets and the arc-shaped clamping blocks.

[0006] Preferably, a first air inlet pipe is embedded in the upper end of one side wall of the furnace body, a second air inlet pipe is embedded in the lower end of the other side wall of the furnace body, a cyclone cooling cylinder is provided on one side of the bottom end of the furnace body, and the two ends of the cyclone cooling cylinder are respectively connected to the second air inlet pipe and the bottom pipe of the furnace body, and multiple support feet are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the furnace body.

[0007] Preferably, the three fuel inlet pipes correspond to different gaps in the spiral guide plate, and the three fuel inlet pipes respectively include a preheated fuel inlet area, a molten fuel inlet area and a clarified fuel inlet area from top to bottom.

[0008] Preferably, the other end of the annular base is fixedly connected to an annular cylinder, and there is a gap between the inner cylinder of the annular cylinder and the fuel inlet pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the sealing gasket is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber, and the annular base, annular cylinder and arc-shaped locking block are all made of Inconel 625 alloy.

[0010] Preferably, a waste heat recovery assembly is provided on the upper side of one side of the furnace body. The waste heat recovery assembly includes a cyclone separator and a tubular heat exchanger. An inlet pipe connected to the furnace body is embedded at the bottom of the cyclone separator. A connecting pipe connects the cyclone separator and the tubular heat exchanger. A secondary air inlet pipe connected to the first air inlet pipe is embedded at the bottom of the tubular heat exchanger.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, this utility model Beneficial effect 1: From the perspective of fly ash treatment, the combination of spiral guide plate and three-section fuel inlet pipe can realize the segmented treatment of fly ash preheating, melting and clarification. Furthermore, the slag and flue gas can be used for waste heat recovery and applied to air preheating or steam production, which greatly improves energy utilization efficiency and reduces system energy consumption. Benefit 2: From the perspective of equipment operation, the support structure of the fuel inlet pipe has good stability: the ring base and arc-shaped clamp of Inconel 625 alloy can withstand high temperature corrosion, the ceramic fiber sealing gasket can prevent flue gas leakage and heat loss, and the arc-shaped clamp and flexible graphite gasket can also absorb the stress of thermal expansion and contraction, avoid pipeline cracking, and are easy to maintain, ensuring long-term stable operation of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structural parts of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 4 For the present utility model Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional plan view of the ring cylinder structure of this utility model.

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Furnace body; 11. Fly ash inlet pipe; 12. First air inlet pipe; 13. Second air inlet pipe; 130. Cyclone cooling cylinder; 14. Support leg; 15. Spiral guide plate; 2. Preheated fuel inlet area; 3. Molten fuel inlet area; 4. Clarified fuel inlet area; 5. Fuel inlet pipe; 51. Annular base; 510. Sealing gasket; 52. Flange; 53. Bolt; 54. Ring cylinder; 55. Arc-shaped clamp; 56. Flexible graphite gasket; 6. Cyclone separator; 61. Inlet pipe; 62. Connecting pipe; 7. Tubular heat exchanger; 71. Secondary air inlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0015] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this utility model provides the following technical solution: Example 1: A cyclone-type fly ash melting furnace device includes a furnace body 1. A fly ash inlet pipe 11 is embedded at the top of the furnace body 1. A spiral guide plate 15 is fixedly connected inside the furnace body 1. Three fuel inlet pipes 5 are embedded from top to bottom on the side wall of the furnace body 1. A first air inlet pipe 12 is embedded at the upper end of one side wall of the furnace body 1, and a second air inlet pipe 13 is embedded at the lower end of the other side wall of the furnace body 1. A cyclone cooling cylinder 130 is provided on one side of the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the pipes at both ends of the cyclone cooling cylinder 130 are respectively connected to the second air inlet pipe 13 and the pipe at the bottom of the furnace body 1. Multiple support legs 14 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the furnace body 1. The three fuel inlet pipes 5 correspond to different gaps of the spiral guide plate 15, and the three fuel inlet pipes 5 respectively correspond to the preheating fuel inlet area 2, the molten fuel inlet area 3 and the clarifying fuel inlet area 4 from top to bottom. A waste heat recovery component is provided on the upper side of the furnace body 1. The waste heat recovery component includes a cyclone separator 6 and a tubular heat exchanger 7. The bottom end of the cyclone separator 6 is embedded with an inlet pipe 61 connected to the furnace body 1. A connecting pipe 62 connects the cyclone separator 6 and the tubular heat exchanger 7. The bottom end of the tubular heat exchanger 7 is embedded with a secondary air inlet pipe 71 connected to the first air inlet pipe 12.

[0016] Among them, by setting a first air inlet pipe 12 at the upper end of one side wall of the furnace body 1 and a second air inlet pipe 13 at the lower end of the other side wall, combustion air can be introduced from different heights, and a rotating airflow field is formed in conjunction with the spiral guide plate 15 to provide sufficient oxygen for fly ash melting; the support foot 14 at the bottom of the furnace body 1 can stably support the entire device. The preheating fuel inlet zone 2, molten fuel inlet zone 3, and clarifying fuel inlet zone 4 can accurately deliver fuel according to the temperature requirements of different areas in the furnace, realizing segmented processing of fly ash preheating, melting, and slag clarification. The cyclone separator 6 and the tubular heat exchanger 7 are mounted on the side wall of the furnace body 1 via an annular mounting bracket, and the first air inlet pipe 12 and the secondary air inlet pipe 71 are connected by flanges.

[0017] In use, the fly ash to be treated is continuously conveyed through the fly ash inlet pipe 11 at the top of the furnace body 1. After the fly ash enters the furnace body 1, it is guided by the airflow inside the furnace and the spiral guide plate 15 and moves downward along the spiral trajectory. Simultaneously, primary combustion air is introduced through the first air inlet pipe 12, and the cyclone separator 6 is connected to the furnace body 1 through the inlet pipe 61 at the bottom end to separate the high-temperature flue gas and the molten slag particles carried in the furnace. The molten slag at the bottom of the furnace body 1 undergoes heat exchange through the cyclone cooling cylinder 130. The cooling medium absorbs the sensible heat of the molten slag and is heated, and then enters through the second air inlet pipe 13. The molten slag can also play a role in heat exchange. The separated flue gas enters the tubular heat exchanger 7 through the connecting pipe 62 to exchange heat with the air to be preheated or the medium used to produce steam. After the heat exchange is completed, the preheated air is transported to the first air inlet pipe 12 through the secondary air inlet pipe 71 to participate in the subsequent process, thereby efficiently recovering the waste heat for air preheating or steam production, greatly improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing system energy consumption. Secondary air is introduced through the second air inlet pipe 13. The two airflows form a rotating airflow field under the action of the spiral guide plate 15, providing oxygen and swirling power for fly ash melting.

[0018] Subsequently, the three fuel inlets 5 synchronously deliver gaseous fuel according to their functional zones: the upper preheating fuel inlet zone 2 corresponds to the upper gap of the spiral guide plate 15, where the injected fuel mixes and burns with the primary air, preheating the falling fly ash and removing moisture and volatile components; the middle molten fuel inlet zone 3 corresponds to the middle gap of the spiral guide plate 15, where the injected fuel forms a strong swirling combustion with the secondary air, raising the local temperature inside the furnace, fully melting the fly ash in this area, completely decomposing dioxins, and solidifying heavy metals in the slag; the lower clarifying fuel inlet zone 4 corresponds to the lower gap of the spiral guide plate 15, where the injected fuel maintains a stable temperature inside the furnace, fully clarifying the molten slag and removing bubbles and unmelted impurities. Finally, the clarified slag is discharged from the slag discharge port at the bottom of the furnace body 1 and can be used as a raw material for building materials.

[0019] Example 2: The technical solution of this example, which differs from that of Example 1, includes: an annular base 51 on the wall of the fuel inlet pipe 5, with sealing gaskets 510 fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the annular base 51, a flange 52 fixedly connected to one end of the annular base 51, with several bolts 53 threaded through the flange 52 and connected to the inner end of the furnace body 1, three arc-shaped blocks 55 fixedly connected to the other end of the annular base 51, with flexible graphite gaskets 56 fixedly connected to the inner end of each arc-shaped block 55, and the flexible graphite gaskets 56 abutting against the fuel inlet pipe 5, with a gap between the flexible graphite gaskets 56 and the arc-shaped blocks 55, and an annular cylinder 54 fixedly connected to the other end of the annular base 51, with a gap between the inner cylinder of the annular cylinder 54 and the fuel inlet pipe 5, the sealing gaskets 510 being made of high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber, and the annular base 51, the annular cylinder 54, and the arc-shaped blocks 55 being made of Inconel 625 alloy.

[0020] Among them, the annular base 51 is connected to the other end of the annular cylinder 54, and the gap between it and the fuel inlet pipe 5 can accommodate the dimensional changes caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the fuel inlet pipe 5, and also prevent fly ash from accumulating in the gap between the components. The sealing gasket 510 is made of ceramic fiber, which can withstand high temperature and prevent the leakage of flue gas in the furnace and reduce heat loss; the annular base 51, the ring cylinder 54 and the arc-shaped locking block 55 are made of Inconel 625 alloy, which can withstand the high temperature of 1200-1500℃ in the furnace, resist corrosion and maintain structural strength, extend the service life of components and adapt to high temperature conditions.

[0021] In use, first complete the assembly of the fuel inlet pipe 5 and the furnace body 1: put the annular base 51 on the outer wall of the silicon carbide ceramic material of the fuel inlet pipe 5, so that the ceramic fiber material of the sealing gasket 510 on the annular base 51 is tightly attached to the edge of the mounting hole on the side wall of the furnace body 1, and then use the flange 52 and bolts 53 to firmly fix the annular base 51 on the furnace body 1. The sealing gasket 510 can effectively prevent the leakage of high temperature flue gas in the furnace, while reducing the heat conduction to the outside and preventing the outer parts of the furnace body 1 from aging due to heat. After assembly, the three arc-shaped locking blocks 55 at the other end of the annular base 51 surround the fuel inlet pipe 5 from the outside. The flexible graphite gasket 56 at the inner end of the arc-shaped locking blocks 55 abuts tightly against the outer wall of the fuel inlet pipe 5. On the one hand, the elasticity of the flexible graphite gasket 56 can absorb the dimensional difference between the fuel inlet pipe 5 and the annular base 51 alloy caused by thermal expansion and contraction, preventing the fuel inlet pipe 5 from being hard-cracked at high temperatures. On the other hand, the gap between the arc-shaped locking blocks 55 and the gap between the annular cylinder 54 and the fuel inlet pipe 5 can accommodate the dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the fuel inlet pipe 5. During subsequent operation, gaseous fuel is delivered to various functional areas inside the furnace through the fuel inlet pipe 5. The annular base 51, the arc-shaped locking block 55, and the ring cylinder 54 work together to maintain the stability of the fuel inlet pipe 5. Even if the temperature inside the furnace is drastic, the Inconel 625 alloy components can still maintain structural strength, and the flexible graphite gasket 56 always fits the fuel inlet pipe 5 to prevent the pipe from shaking and causing the airflow to deviate. If maintenance is required, the fuel inlet pipe 5 can be removed and replaced simply by loosening the bolts 53 and removing the flange 52. There is no need to disassemble the furnace body 1, which greatly shortens the maintenance time and ensures continuous operation of the device.

[0022] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cyclone fly ash melting furnace device, comprising a furnace body (1), wherein a fly ash inlet pipe (11) is embedded at the top of the furnace body (1), a spiral guide plate (15) is fixedly connected inside the furnace body (1), and three fuel inlet pipes (5) are embedded in the side wall of the furnace body (1) from top to bottom respectively. Its features are: The fuel inlet pipe (5) has an annular base (51) on its wall. The outer wall of the annular base (51) is fitted with a sealing gasket (510). One end of the annular base (51) is fixedly connected to a flange (52). Several bolts (53) with threads through the flange (52) are connected to the inner end of the furnace body (1). The other end of the annular base (51) is fixedly connected to three arc-shaped blocks (55). The inner end of each arc-shaped block (55) is fixedly connected to a flexible graphite gasket (56). The flexible graphite gasket (56) abuts against the fuel inlet pipe (5). There is a gap between the flexible graphite gasket (56) and the arc-shaped block (55).

2. The cyclone-type fly ash melting furnace device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of one side wall of the furnace body (1) is embedded with a first air inlet pipe (12), the lower end of the other side wall of the furnace body (1) is embedded with a second air inlet pipe (13), a cyclone cooling cylinder (130) is provided on one side of the bottom end of the furnace body (1), and the pipes at both ends of the cyclone cooling cylinder (130) are respectively connected to the second air inlet pipe (13) and the pipe at the bottom end of the furnace body (1), and multiple support feet (14) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the furnace body (1).

3. The cyclone-type fly ash melting furnace device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three fuel inlet pipes (5) correspond to different gaps of the spiral guide plate (15), and the three fuel inlet pipes (5) respectively include a preheated fuel inlet area (2), a molten fuel inlet area (3) and a clarified fuel inlet area (4) from top to bottom.

4. The cyclone-type fly ash melting furnace device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the annular base (51) is fixedly connected to an annular cylinder (54), and there is a gap between the inner cylinder of the annular cylinder (54) and the fuel inlet pipe (5).

5. The cyclone-type fly ash melting furnace device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing gasket (510) is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber, and the annular base (51), the ring cylinder (54) and the arc-shaped locking block (55) are all made of Inconel 625 alloy.

6. The cyclone-type fly ash melting furnace device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waste heat recovery assembly is provided on the upper side of one side of the furnace body (1). The waste heat recovery assembly includes a cyclone separator (6) and a tubular heat exchanger (7). The bottom end of the cyclone separator (6) is embedded with an inlet pipe (61) connected to the furnace body (1). A connecting pipe (62) connects the cyclone separator (6) and the tubular heat exchanger (7). The bottom end of the tubular heat exchanger (7) is embedded with a secondary air inlet pipe (71) connected to the first air inlet pipe (12).

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