A discharge device for an activated kiln

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the broken unloading device technical field of activation kiln, concretely is a kind of unloading device of activation kiln, including the unloading grate in the inside of activation kiln;Wheel hub is installed in the lower part of the unloading grate by support;Vertical shaft is provided power output;The vertical shaft is connected with wheel hub by key drive;The end of vertical shaft and wheel hub transmission connection is the circular truncated cone structure of big from small, and vertical shaft and wheel hub taper surface cooperation.The utility model is in view of the problems of prior art, for vertical shaft is reformed, and the end of vertical shaft and wheel hub transmission connection is the circular truncated cone structure of big from small, so that vertical shaft and wheel hub taper surface cooperation, the pressure of unloading grate and wheel hub bearing is greater, the vertical shaft and wheel hub between taper surface cooperation is more closely, and under the condition that wheel hub is stressed evenly, overload phenomenon does not appear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of activated kiln crushing and unloading devices, specifically an unloading device for activated kilns. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue is a hard, black rock with low carbon content that is associated with or coexists with coal seams during coal formation. It is a solid waste generated during coal production and processing, accounting for approximately 12% of coal production. With the development of the coal mining industry, large amounts of coal gangue have accumulated on the surface, not only occupying a large amount of land but also damaging the ecological environment, causing air, soil, and water pollution and geological disasters.

[0003] If these coal gangues are utilized, they can be turned from waste into treasure, which not only improves resource utilization but also improves the environment, reduces costs, saves resources, and increases economic benefits. Therefore, how to recycle coal gangue, which is considered waste, is a key research topic for those skilled in the art.

[0004] Existing methods for reusing coal gangue waste involve calcining and activating the coal gangue in an activation kiln for use as building materials or cement production raw materials. Coal gangue activation kilns are generally vertical kilns. After calcination, the coal gangue is simultaneously crushed and discharged through a discharge grate. However, due to the significant height difference (over ten degrees) in the calcination chamber of existing activation kilns, the calcined material accumulates on the discharge grate. The limited discharge speed of the grate leads to excessive material buildup, causing the discharge grate to bear an excessive load. This results in uneven stress on the kiln hub during discharge, leading to hub eccentricity and overload of the activation kiln motor.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a novel unloading device for activated kilns, which solves the problem of excessive load on the unloading grate leading to uneven load on the hub and excessive stress. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that after calcination, a large amount of material accumulates on the unloading grate, and the unloading grate is overloaded, which causes uneven force on the hub of the kiln during the unloading process, resulting in hub eccentricity and excessive force, which causes the activation kiln motor to be overloaded.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a unloading device for an activated kiln, comprising: The unloading grate located inside the activation kiln; The hub is mounted on the lower part of the unloading grate via a bracket; A vertical shaft that provides power output; The vertical shaft and the hub are connected by a key drive; The end of the vertical shaft that connects to the hub drive has a frustum-shaped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, and the vertical shaft fits into the conical surface of the hub.

[0008] The hub is bolted to the lower part of the discharge grate, and the hub below the discharge grate is connected to the vertical shaft drive. The power source transmits power to the hub and discharge grate through the vertical shaft, driving the discharge grate to rotate and discharge material. If the discharge hub and vertical shaft of the activation kiln use an intermediate fit, when a large amount of calcined material accumulates on the discharge grate, it is easy to cause uneven force on the hub during the discharge process, resulting in hub eccentricity. Excessive force on the hub can cause overload damage to the reducer and activation kiln motor. This utility model addresses the above problems by modifying the vertical shaft. The end of the vertical shaft that connects to the hub drive has a frustum-shaped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. This allows the vertical shaft and hub to have a conical fit. The greater the pressure on the discharge grate and hub, the tighter the fit between the conical vertical shaft and hub becomes. With uniform force on the hub, overload will not occur.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0010] Furthermore, the discharge grate is a tower-shaped structure with an outward parabolic curve, and the grates are arranged at equal intervals. A large amount of calcined material accumulates on the discharge grate, which not only has the function of discharging material but also bears the load.

[0011] The unloading grate is designed in a parabolic shape. Its core function is to guide the material to slide smoothly along a preset trajectory. At the same time, the curved surface structure of the parabola buffers the impact of the material and avoids material jamming and accumulation during the unloading process.

[0012] The parabolic arc surface disperses the falling high-temperature material, ensuring its even distribution across the grate rather than concentrating on a single point, thus reducing localized wear. Simultaneously, the material sliding on the arc surface creates an orderly discharge path, preventing lumps from getting stuck in the grate gaps. Furthermore, this shape reduces the material's falling speed, preventing overloading of subsequent conveying equipment due to excessively rapid discharge.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the discharge grate is uniformly provided with crushing teeth along its circumferential direction, and there is an annular gap between the bottom edge of the discharge grate and the inner wall of the activation kiln. The discharge grate is mounted on a hub via a bracket, and the vertical shaft is driven to the hub; the vertical shaft is driven by a driving force to rotate the hub and the discharge grate, and the discharge grate rotates to discharge material, ensuring that the particle size is uniform. Large pieces of material fall to the bottom of the discharge grate and are crushed by the crushing teeth and the iron bricks on the inner wall of the activation kiln, forming uniform particles and ensuring that the output particle size is uniform.

[0014] Furthermore, a fixing plate is installed on the inner wall of the activated kiln at the position corresponding to the crushing teeth.

[0015] Furthermore, iron bricks are arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the activated kiln at the position corresponding to the unloading grate. The iron bricks are mainly for the purpose of allowing the calcined activated material accumulated on the unloading grate to fall off when it rotates, and then fall to the position of the fixed plate and the crushing teeth for crushing. The iron bricks are wear-resistant and have a long service life.

[0016] The core effect of installing the fixing plate and iron bricks is to enhance the structural stability of the unloading grate, while extending the service life of the grate through the wear-resistant properties of the iron bricks, thus ensuring a continuous and uniform unloading process in the activated kiln.

[0017] The fixing plate concentrates the dispersed force of the discharge grate onto the kiln frame, preventing the grate from deforming or loosening due to long-term impact from high-temperature materials. Meanwhile, the iron bricks covering the surface directly contact the high-temperature, high-hardness activation materials, bearing the wear and erosion instead of the grate itself, reducing the frequency of grate maintenance and replacement. Furthermore, the smooth surface of the iron bricks optimizes the uniformity of material distribution, preventing localized material accumulation that could negatively impact the activation effect.

[0018] Furthermore, a conical hopper is provided below the unloading grate, and a discharge port is provided below the hopper. The hopper is used to hold the unloaded material. An air inlet is provided on the wall of the activation kiln to continuously supply air volume. The material unloaded from the unloading grate falls down and is cooled by the air force and blown into the hopper.

[0019] Furthermore, a cooler is installed at the air inlet to provide cool air, which helps to cool the material.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a reversible motor, a speed reducer, a worm gear reducer, and a large gear. The motor output is connected to the speed reducer, the speed reducer output is connected to the worm gear reducer, and the large gear is mounted on the lower end of the vertical shaft, meshing with the output of the worm gear reducer. The motor is the source of power output. The motor output is reduced in speed by the speed reducer and the worm gear reducer, and meshes with the large gear on the vertical shaft to provide stable and sufficient driving force. After double reduction, the motor can significantly reduce the output speed while multiplying the output torque, enabling the motor to drive high-load equipment that it could not directly drive before. This combination is equivalent to a "two-stage gear transmission." The first-stage speed reducer initially reduces speed and increases torque, while the worm gear reducer, with its high reduction ratio characteristics, performs a secondary amplification, typically achieving ultra-large reduction ratios that are difficult to achieve with a single-stage speed reducer (e.g., reducing the motor's speed from thousands of revolutions per minute to single digits per minute). At the same time, the worm gear structure has a built-in reverse self-locking function, which can prevent the output shaft from reversing due to external forces such as load gravity, improving the stability and safety of equipment operation.

[0021] Furthermore, bearings are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the vertical shaft to ensure the stability of power transmission. The core purpose of installing bearings at the upper and lower ends of the vertical shaft is to control the radial runout of the vertical shaft to a minimum through two-point positioning, ensuring that it maintains coaxiality when driving the unloading grate to rotate, thereby achieving smooth power transmission and avoiding grate jamming or abnormal wear caused by vertical shaft wobbling.

[0022] The upper bearing primarily bears the radial force generated during the rotation of the vertical shaft, preventing it from "swinging" under high speed or heavy load. The lower bearing simultaneously bears both radial and axial forces, supporting the overall weight of the vertical shaft and grate, and preventing the vertical shaft from shifting due to gravity. The combination of the two bearings effectively counteracts vibrations caused by material impact, ensuring lossless power transmission from the drive unit to the grate and guaranteeing continuous and stable unloading. Beneficial effects

[0023] This utility model addresses the problems existing in the connection between the vertical shaft and the hub drive by modifying the vertical shaft. The end of the vertical shaft that connects to the hub drive has a frustum-shaped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. This allows the vertical shaft and the hub to fit together conically. The greater the pressure on the unloading grate and the hub, the tighter the fit between the vertical shaft and the hub becomes. When the hub is subjected to uniform force, overload will not occur. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the activation kiln of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transition fit between the vertical shaft and the wheel hub of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the vertical shaft and the conical surface of the hub in this utility model. Figure 4 This utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the motor reduction drive structure of this utility model; The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Activated kiln; 2. Discharge grate; 3. Vertical shaft; 4. Hub; 5. Bearing; 6. Iron brick; 7. Fixing plate; 8. Large gear; 9. Discharge port; 10. Hopper; 11. Air inlet; 12. Motor; 13. Reducer; 14. Turbine reducer; 15. Crushing gear; 16. Feed inlet; 17. Distributor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a discharge device for an activated kiln 1 includes a discharge grate 2 located inside the activated kiln 1; a hub 4 mounted on the lower part of the discharge grate 2 via a bracket; a vertical shaft 3 providing power output; the vertical shaft 3 and the hub 4 are connected by a key drive; the end of the vertical shaft 3 that is connected to the hub 4 has a frustum-shaped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, and the vertical shaft 3 and the hub 4 are in conical contact.

[0028] The material is automatically added into the activation kiln 1 through the feed inlet 16, and is evenly distributed by the material distributor 17, and is calcined and activated in the activation kiln 1.

[0029] The hub 4 is bolted to the lower part of the unloading grate 2, and the hub 4 below the unloading grate 2 is connected to the vertical shaft 3 for transmission; the power source transmits power to the hub 4 and the unloading grate 2 through the vertical shaft 3, driving the unloading grate 2 to rotate and unload material; Figure 2 As shown, if the unloading hub 4 and vertical shaft 3 of the activation kiln 1 adopt an intermediate fit, when a large amount of calcined material accumulates on the unloading grate 2, it is easy to cause uneven force on the hub 4 during the unloading process, resulting in an off-center load on the hub 4. Excessive force on the hub 4 causes overload on the reducer and the activation kiln motor 12. To address this problem, this invention modifies the vertical shaft 3. The end of the vertical shaft 3 that connects to the hub 4 has a frustum-shaped structure, smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. This allows for a conical fit between the vertical shaft 3 and the hub 4. The greater the pressure on the unloading grate 2 and the hub 4, the tighter the conical fit between the vertical shaft 3 and the hub 4 becomes. With uniform force on the hub 4, overload will not occur.

[0030] In another embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the discharge grate 2 is a tower-shaped structure with an outward parabolic curve, and the grates are arranged at equal intervals. A large amount of calcined material accumulates on the discharge grate 2, which not only functions to discharge material but also to bear the load. The parabolic design of the discharge grate 2 is primarily intended to guide the material to slide smoothly along a predetermined trajectory, while simultaneously using the curved surface structure of the parabola to buffer the impact of the material and prevent jamming or accumulation during the discharge process.

[0031] The parabolic arc surface disperses the falling high-temperature material, ensuring its even distribution across the grate rather than concentrating on a single point, thus reducing localized wear. Simultaneously, the material sliding on the arc surface creates an orderly discharge path, preventing lumps from getting stuck in the grate gaps. Furthermore, this shape reduces the material's falling speed, preventing overloading of subsequent conveying equipment due to excessively rapid discharge.

[0032] In another embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the bottom of the discharge grate 2 is uniformly provided with crushing teeth 15 along its circumferential direction, and there is an annular gap between the bottom edge of the discharge grate 2 and the inner wall of the activation kiln 1. The discharge grate 2 is mounted on the hub 4 by a bracket, and the vertical shaft 3 is connected to the hub 4 by transmission. The vertical shaft 3 is driven by the driving force to drive the hub 4 and the discharge grate 2 to rotate, and the discharge grate 2 rotates to discharge material. As the discharge grate 2 rotates, the material accumulated on the discharge grate 2 falls through the annular gap; it can also ensure that the particle size is consistent. Large pieces of material fall to the bottom of the discharge grate 2 and are crushed by the crushing teeth 15 and the compression of the fixed plate 7 or iron brick 6 on the inner wall of the activation kiln 1 to form uniform particles, ensuring that the output particle size is uniform.

[0033] In another embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, a fixing plate 7 is installed on the inner wall of the activation kiln 1 at the position corresponding to the crushing tooth 15. Iron bricks 6 are arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the activation kiln 1 at the position corresponding to the unloading grate 2. When the unloading grate 2 rotates, the calcined activated material accumulated on it falls onto the fixing plate 7 and the crushing tooth 15 for crushing. The iron bricks 6 are wear-resistant and have a long service life.

[0034] The core effect of installing the fixing plate 7 and the iron brick 6 is to enhance the structural stability of the unloading grate 2, while extending the service life of the grate through the wear-resistant properties of the iron brick 6, thus ensuring a continuous and uniform unloading process in the activated kiln 1.

[0035] The fixing plate 7 can concentrate the dispersed force of the unloading grate 2 onto the kiln frame, preventing the grate from deforming or loosening due to long-term impact from high-temperature materials. Meanwhile, the iron bricks 6 laid on the surface directly contact the high-temperature, high-hardness activation materials, bearing the wear and erosion instead of the grate body, reducing the frequency of grate maintenance and replacement. Furthermore, the smooth surface of the iron bricks 6 optimizes the uniformity of material distribution, preventing localized material accumulation that could affect the activation effect.

[0036] In another embodiment, a conical hopper 10 is provided below the unloading grate 2, and a discharge port 9 is provided below the hopper 10. The hopper 10 is used to hold the unloaded material. An air inlet 11 is provided on the wall of the activation kiln 1 to continuously deliver air volume. The material unloaded from the unloading grate 2 falls down and is cooled by the wind and blown into the hopper 10.

[0037] In another embodiment, a cooler is provided at the air inlet 11, which provides cool air to help cool the material.

[0038] In another embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, it also includes a reversible motor 12, a reducer 13, a worm gear reducer 14, and a large gear 8. The output end of the motor 12 is connected to the reducer 13, and the output end of the reducer 13 is connected to the worm gear reducer 14. The large gear 8 is fitted onto the lower end of the vertical shaft 3 and meshes with the output end of the worm gear reducer 14. The motor 12 is the source of power output. The output end of the motor 12 is reduced in speed through the reducer 13 and the worm gear reducer 14, and meshes with the large gear 8 on the vertical shaft 3 to provide stable and sufficient driving force. After double reduction, the motor 12 can significantly reduce the output speed while multiplying the output torque, enabling the motor 12 to drive high-load equipment that it could not directly drive before. This combination is equivalent to a "two-stage gearbox". The first-stage reducer 13 initially reduces speed and increases torque, and the worm gear reducer 14, with its high reduction ratio characteristics, performs a secondary amplification, which can usually achieve a very large reduction ratio that is difficult for a single-stage reducer 13 to achieve (for example, reducing the speed of the motor 12 from thousands of revolutions per minute to single digits per minute). Meanwhile, the worm gear structure has a built-in reverse self-locking function, which can prevent the output shaft from reversing due to external forces such as load gravity, thus improving the stability and safety of equipment operation.

[0039] In another embodiment, bearings 5 ​​are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the vertical shaft 3 to ensure the stability of power transmission. The core purpose of providing bearings 5 ​​at the upper and lower ends of the vertical shaft 3 is to control the radial runout of the vertical shaft 3 to a minimum through two-point positioning, ensuring that it maintains coaxiality when driving the unloading grate 2 to rotate, thereby achieving smooth power transmission and avoiding grate jamming or abnormal wear caused by vertical shaft 3 shaking.

[0040] The upper bearing 5 primarily bears the radial force generated when the vertical shaft 3 rotates, preventing the vertical shaft 3 from "swinging" under high speed or heavy load. The lower bearing 5 simultaneously bears both radial and axial forces, supporting the overall weight of the vertical shaft 3 and the grate, preventing the vertical shaft 3 from shifting due to gravity. The cooperation of the two bearings 5 ​​effectively counteracts the vibration caused by material impact, ensuring lossless power transmission from the drive device to the grate and guaranteeing continuous and stable unloading.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A discharge device for an activated kiln, characterized in that: Including; The unloading grate located inside the activation kiln; The hub is mounted on the lower part of the unloading grate via a bracket; A vertical shaft that provides power output; The vertical shaft and the hub are connected by a key drive; The end of the vertical shaft that connects to the hub drive has a frustum-shaped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, and the vertical shaft fits into the conical surface of the hub.

2. The unloading device for an activated kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unloading grate is a tower-shaped structure with an outward parabola, and the grates are arranged at equal intervals.

3. The unloading device for an activated kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the discharge grate is uniformly provided with crushing teeth along its circumferential direction, and there is an annular gap between the bottom edge of the discharge grate and the inner wall of the activation kiln.

4. The unloading device for an activated kiln according to claim 3, characterized in that, A fixing plate is installed on the inner wall of the activated kiln at the position corresponding to the crushing teeth.

5. The unloading device for an activated kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that, Inside the activated kiln, iron bricks are arranged along the circumference of the inner wall corresponding to the unloading grate. The material is crushed by collision with the iron bricks.

6. The unloading device for an activated kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that, Below the unloading grate is a conical hopper with a discharge port below it. The hopper is used to hold the unloaded material. An air inlet is provided on the wall of the activation kiln.

7. The unloading device for an activated kiln according to claim 6, characterized in that, A cooler is installed at the air inlet, which provides cool air to help cool the materials.

8. The unloading device for an activated kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a reversible motor, a speed reducer, a worm gear reducer, and a large gear; the output end of the motor is connected to the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected to the worm gear reducer, the large gear is fitted on the lower end of the vertical shaft, and the large gear meshes with the output end of the worm gear reducer.

9. The unloading device for an activated kiln according to claim 8, characterized in that, Bearings are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the vertical shaft to ensure the stability of power transmission.

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