Switch rail wear measuring instrument

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of turnout detection technology, concretely relates to turnout rail piece abrasion measuring instrument, including the main staff of "L" shape of inversion, the main staff includes long side and short side, is equipped with the bottom support in the bottom of long side, is equipped with the vice mechanical vernier on long side, is equipped with the side grinding measuring scale on the vice mechanical vernier, is equipped with the digital display table on the side grinding measuring scale, is equipped with the main mechanical vernier of sliding with the side grinding measuring scale in the same direction on short side, is equipped with the vertical grinding measuring scale on the main mechanical vernier, the vertical grinding measuring scale also is equipped with the digital display table, the utility model can measure the vertical grinding and side grinding of the frog rail with the frog rail bottom as the datum plane, avoids the measurement error of the adverse state such as frog rail waist and wear, secondly, the measuring module adopts two different model bottom support structures, can be replaced and used under different working conditions, and the positioning datum plane of main scale guarantees the progress of disassembly and assembly does not influence the measurement, greatly improves the measuring efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of turnout testing technology, specifically, it relates to a turnout rail wear measuring instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the service life of turnouts on high-speed railway lines under section management has reached over 10 years. The rail components have exhibited severe metal plastic deformation and lateral wear, weakening their structural strength. Increasingly, longitudinal horizontal cracks have even developed and expanded, leading to breakage. Therefore, measuring the wear degree of turnouts has become an important task in this field.

[0003] However, during the actual measurement process, it was found that the actual data measured by different employees on site did not match the wear and tear changes of the rails, thus making it impossible to effectively analyze the wear and tear rate and replacement cycle of the rails.

[0004] Research has revealed two main shortcomings in existing measuring instruments, which are the primary causes of inaccurate measurement data. First, the design does not consider different points when measuring side grinding points; for example, it cannot simultaneously complete vertical grinding measurements at cross-sections of 10mm or 15mm and above. Second, it cannot accurately locate the standard cross-section at 16mm below the required thickness for different cross-sections. Furthermore, while current side grinding instruments can control thickness, they cannot precisely locate the measurement at the standard 16mm position, thus failing to guarantee horizontality. This leads to significant discrepancies in data obtained by different personnel using the same measuring ruler.

[0005] In addition, based on the actual situation on site, two points were analyzed. First, for different types of turnouts in the same station, different measurement points need to be continuously calibrated on the test block, and the situation of the gap between the slide plate and the rail bottom is not considered. Second, if electronic equipment components are used for measurement, the equipment is easy to be damaged and the results are easy to be distorted.

[0006] There is a product on the market that uses the rail base as the measurement benchmark. First, it needs to be calibrated on a standard section or test block, and cannot measure vertical wear. It does not take into account the different types of turnouts in the station yard, and requires staff to carry different test blocks, which leads to reduced efficiency. Second, the remaining section of the switch rail (15mm and above) cannot be accurately located 16mm below the tread (according to the standard section) due to the wear of the switch rail itself.

[0007] Another product uses the lower jaw of the rail head as the measurement reference, but when measuring vertical wear, it does not take into account the situation where the slide table and the bottom of the rail head are separated due to unevenness in the height of the base rail of the switch rail arch. When measuring side wear, it also does not take into account the wear caused by long-term contact between the contact surfaces of the switch rail and the base rail.

[0008] In addition, several issues need to be addressed. If laser or line laser measurement is used, the acquired data is two-dimensional, making it difficult to comprehensively analyze and assess turnout wear. Furthermore, in high-humidity environments, optical path interference may occur, leading to inaccurate measurement data. Additionally, current equipment is too expensive, requires highly skilled operators, and involves multiple steps and parameter settings in the operation process; improper operation can easily result in measurement errors. Utility Model Content

[0009] In view of the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to develop a turnout rail wear measuring instrument that can conveniently and quickly control the measurement accuracy, facilitate the analysis of rail wear rate, guide the replacement of parts, and ensure the safe operation of trains.

[0010] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A turnout rail wear measuring instrument includes an inverted "L"-shaped main rod, the main rod including a long side and a short side that together form the "L" shape; A base support is provided at the bottom of the long side, and a secondary mechanical vernier that can slide in the vertical direction is provided on the long side. A side grinding measuring scale that can move horizontally left and right is provided on the secondary mechanical vernier, and a digital display is provided on the side grinding measuring scale. A main mechanical vernier that slides in the same direction as the side grinding gauge is provided on the short side. A vertical grinding gauge that can move in the vertical direction is provided on the main mechanical vernier. A digital display is also provided on the vertical grinding gauge. The base can be fixed to the bottom of the rail component to be measured; The main rod has graduations.

[0011] Furthermore, a handle is provided extending vertically from the top of the long side.

[0012] Furthermore, a magnetic block is provided on the base.

[0013] Furthermore, a number of positioning holes evenly distributed in the vertical direction are provided at the bottom of the long side, and the base is installed at the bottom of the long side by screws that match the positioning holes.

[0014] Furthermore, the base includes a fixing plate that is also L-shaped, with the side of the fixing plate fitting against the long side and the bottom surface of the fixing plate perpendicular to the long side. Magnetic blocks are provided on both the side and bottom surfaces of the fixing plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the base includes a horizontal plate perpendicular to the long side, a magnetic block is provided on the horizontal plate, and the horizontal plate is bent and extended away from the long side to form a bonding plate, the bonding plate being parallel to the long side.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention firstly designs a specialized switch rail wear measurement module, which uses the switch rail base as a reference surface to measure the vertical and lateral wear of the switch rail, avoiding measurement errors caused by poor conditions such as switch rail arching and wear. Secondly, the measurement module adopts two different types of base structure, which can be used interchangeably under different working conditions. Simultaneously, the positioning reference surface of the main scale ensures that disassembly and assembly do not affect the measurement progress, greatly improving measurement efficiency. Thirdly, in the structural design of the base, the positioning surface that positions the rail is separated from the magnetic block, thus ensuring that auxiliary positioning is achieved without affecting the accuracy of the positioning surface. Fourthly, this measuring instrument can adjust the position of the measuring scale according to the model parameters of the turnout, thus simultaneously covering the practical use of multiple turnout models. Fifthly, the "L"-shaped main rod allows the two measuring scales to slide freely on the rail surface, while only the measurement point is below the rail surface. The space of the core rail below the rail surface does not limit the measuring range of the measuring scales and facilitates operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in another embodiment; In the diagram: 1-Main rod; 2-Long side; 3-Short side; 4-Base support; 41-Fixing plate; 42-Horizontal plate; 43-Adhesive plate; 5-Magnetic block; 6-Secondary mechanical vernier; 7-Side grinding measuring scale; 8-Digital display; 9-Main mechanical vernier; 10-Vertical grinding measuring scale; 11-Fixing nut; 12-Handle; 13-Positioning hole; 14-Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the turnout rail wear measuring instrument of this utility model includes an inverted "L"-shaped main rod 1, which includes a long side 2 and a short side 3 that together form the "L" shape.

[0020] A base support 4 is located at the bottom of the long side 2. The base support 4 has two structural designs. Figure 1 The design shown is the one used in this embodiment, which includes an L-shaped fixing plate 41. The side surface of the fixing plate 41 is attached to the long side 2, and the bottom surface is perpendicular to the long side 2. Magnetic blocks 5 are provided on both the side surface and the bottom surface of the fixing plate 41. Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the base 4 includes a horizontal plate 42 perpendicular to the long side 2, and a magnetic block 5 is provided on the horizontal plate 42. The horizontal plate 42 is bent and extended away from the long side 2 to form a bonding plate 43. The bonding plate 43 is in a vertical state and parallel to the long side 2.

[0021] Therefore, the above scheme designs two types of base support 4 structures, which can be used for different actual field conditions. The structure of the "L"-shaped fixing plate 41 can use the bottom of the rail as a reference when fixing the base support 4 to the rail to be measured, while the horizontal plate 42 type base support 4 can use the other side of the bottom of the rail as a reference, which facilitates the portable switching of personnel, eliminates the need to carry additional test blocks, and greatly improves the testing efficiency.

[0022] In the measurement section, a secondary mechanical vernier 6 that can slide vertically is provided on the long side 2. A side grinding measuring scale 7 that can move horizontally left and right is provided on the secondary mechanical vernier 6. A digital display 8 is provided on the side grinding measuring scale 7. In addition, a main mechanical vernier 9 that slides in the same direction as the side grinding measuring scale 7 is provided on the short side 3. A vertical grinding measuring scale 10 that can move vertically is provided on the main mechanical vernier 9. A digital display 8 is also provided on the vertical grinding measuring scale 10.

[0023] In addition, there are also graduations on the main rod 1.

[0024] The operation procedure of this measuring instrument is as follows: First, it should be clarified that the requirements of the national railway maintenance regulations are that side wear should be measured at 16mm below the standard cross-section.

[0025] First, place the base support 4 on the rail base and use the magnetic block 5 to attract the rail to fix the measuring instrument. Simultaneously, push the measuring instrument forward so that the side of the base support 4 presses against the side of the rail. Second, move the main mechanical vernier 9 and tighten the fixing nut 11 of the vertical grinding scale 10 so that the bottom end of the vertical grinding scale 10 contacts the top surface of the rail, completing the vertical grinding measurement. Third, retract the vertical grinding scale 10 and loosen the fixing nut 11. Move the vertical grinding scale 10 downwards by 16mm and retighten the fixing nut 11. Then move the auxiliary mechanical vernier 6 so that the top surface of the side grinding scale 7 presses against the bottom end of the vertical grinding scale 10. Fourth, push the side grinding scale 7 so that its measuring end presses against the rail. At this point, the side wear reading can be read through the digital display 8. By comparing the side wear reading with the data collected from the standard section, the deviation of the side wear can be calculated, completing the purpose of vertical and side grinding of the rail.

[0026] In other aspects, a handle 12 is provided vertically at the top of the long side 2, which can be easily picked up and used by the operator. At the same time, the limited space at the core rail on site is taken into account. The handle 12 is designed to be higher than the rail surface, which can facilitate operation.

[0027] Several positioning holes 13 are evenly distributed in the vertical direction at the bottom of the long side 2, and the base 4 can be installed at the bottom of the long side 2 by screws 14 that match the positioning holes 13.

[0028] The advantages of this measuring instrument are as follows: First, it features a dedicated switch rail wear measurement module that uses the switch rail base as a reference surface to measure the vertical and lateral wear of the switch rail, avoiding measurement errors caused by poor conditions such as switch rail arching and wear. Second, the module employs two different types of base support structures 4, which can be interchanged for different working conditions. Simultaneously, the positioning reference surface of the main scale ensures that disassembly and assembly do not affect the measurement progress, greatly improving measurement efficiency. Third, in the structural design of the base support 4, the positioning surface that positions the rail is separated from the magnetic block 5, thus ensuring auxiliary positioning without affecting the accuracy of the positioning surface. Fourth, this measuring instrument can adjust the position of the measuring scale according to the turnout model parameters, thus simultaneously covering the practical use of multiple turnout models. Fifth, the "L"-shaped main rod 1 allows the two measuring scales to slide freely on the rail surface, with only the measurement point below the rail surface. The space of the core rail below the rail surface does not limit the measuring range of the measuring scales and facilitates operation.

Claims

1. A turnout rail wear measuring instrument, characterized in that, Includes a main rod in an inverted "L" shape, the main rod including a long side and a short side that together form the "L" shape; A base support is provided at the bottom of the long side, and a secondary mechanical vernier that can slide in the vertical direction is provided on the long side. A side grinding measuring scale that can move horizontally left and right is provided on the secondary mechanical vernier, and a digital display is provided on the side grinding measuring scale. A main mechanical vernier that slides in the same direction as the side grinding gauge is provided on the short side. A vertical grinding gauge that can move in the vertical direction is provided on the main mechanical vernier. A digital display is also provided on the vertical grinding gauge. The base can be fixed to the bottom of the rail component to be measured; The main rod has graduations.

2. The turnout rail wear measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, A handle is provided extending vertically from the top of the long side.

3. The turnout rail wear measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, A magnetic block is provided on the base.

4. The turnout rail wear measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several positioning holes evenly distributed in the vertical direction are provided at the bottom of the long side, and the base is installed at the bottom of the long side by screws that match the positioning holes.

5. The turnout rail wear measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base includes an L-shaped fixing plate, the side of which is attached to the long side, and the bottom of which is perpendicular to the long side. Magnetic blocks are provided on both the side and bottom of the fixing plate.

6. The turnout rail wear measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base includes a horizontal plate perpendicular to the long side, a magnetic block is provided on the horizontal plate, and the horizontal plate is bent and extended away from the long side to form a bonding plate, which is parallel to the long side.

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