Encoder and motor

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of sensors. In view of the problem that an encoder in the related art cannot be flexibly adjusted, the application provides an encoder and a motor. The encoder comprises a shell, the shell comprising a top plate, a side plate, a bottom plate and an open cavity; the top plate and the bottom plate are oppositely arranged on the two sides of the side plate, and the top plate, the bottom plate and the side plate surround to form the open cavity; an induction assembly is arranged in the open cavity; a code disc assembly comprises a code disc and a code disc shaft; the code disc shaft is arranged outside the shell; the code disc is arranged on the code disc shaft, and part of the code disc is located in the open cavity, so that the induction assembly can read the signal of the code disc. Since the shell has an open structure, the structure inside the encoder is clear and visible, and installation, debugging and maintenance are facilitated; meanwhile, the installation requirements of code discs with different shapes and sizes can be met, so that the encoder can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and the encoder can be derived into different sizes to meet the application requirements of different installation environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of sensor technology, and more specifically, to an encoder and a motor. Background Technology

[0002] An encoder is an angle measuring device that converts optical signals into electrical signals. It utilizes the periodic changes in light to convert them into periodic electrical signals, and then processes these changes through circuitry to convert them into usable digital or analog signals. Photoelectric encoders feature excellent anti-interference capabilities, high precision, and high stability, and are widely used in various applications requiring angle measurement.

[0003] In related technologies, encoders often adopt an integrated structure with tightly coupled functional modules, which to some extent limits the encoder's flexibility. Once user needs change, such as requiring adjustments to the code disk, the entire encoder often needs to be redesigned. This not only increases production costs but also extends product delivery cycles, making it difficult to meet rapidly changing market demands. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problem that encoders in related technologies cannot be flexibly adjusted, making it difficult to meet rapidly changing market demands.

[0005] The first aspect of this application is to propose an encoder; The second aspect of this application is to propose an electric motor.

[0006] In view of the above, according to the first aspect of this application, an encoder is proposed, comprising: a housing, the housing including a top plate, a side plate, a bottom plate and an open cavity; the top plate and the bottom plate are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the side plate, the top plate, the bottom plate and the side plate surrounding to form the open cavity; a sensing component disposed within the open cavity; a code disk assembly including a code disk and a code disk shaft; the code disk shaft is disposed outside the housing; the code disk is disposed on the code disk shaft, and a portion of the code disk is located within the open cavity, so that the sensing component can read the signal of the code disk.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the housing adopts an open design, which occupies little space and can be quickly assembled onto the motor. Furthermore, because the housing is an open structure, the internal structure of the encoder is clearly visible, facilitating installation, debugging, and maintenance. At the same time, the open structure can adapt to the installation requirements of code discs of different shapes and sizes, allowing for adjustments based on actual needs. This enables the encoder to be produced in different sizes to meet the application requirements of various installation environments.

[0008] In some technical solutions, the code disk can optionally be a circular code disk. Circular code disks offer better rotational stability, maintaining smooth operation even at high speeds. This helps reduce measurement errors caused by vibration and noise, improving the overall performance of the encoder. The design of a circular code disk also allows it to adapt to various encoder structures.

[0009] In some technical solutions, the code disk may optionally include multiple sector code disks; the multiple sector code disks are evenly spaced along the circumferential axis of the code disk.

[0010] The fan-shaped code disk design makes it easier to diagnose and repair encoder malfunctions. If a fan-shaped code disk is damaged or fails, it can be replaced individually without replacing the entire code disk, thereby reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0011] In some technical solutions, optionally, multiple sector-shaped code disks are respectively set at different heights of the code disk shaft in the axial direction.

[0012] In practical applications, the sector-shaped code disks are not only evenly distributed circumferentially along the code disk axis, but also form a multi-layered structure in the axial direction of the code disk axis. Compared with circular code disks of the same thickness, stacking sector-shaped code disks in the axial direction can provide more encoding channels. Furthermore, the multi-layered sector-shaped code disk design can utilize materials more efficiently, rather than wasting a large amount of material in unnecessary areas as with circular code disks, thus helping to reduce costs.

[0013] In some technical solutions, the sensing component may optionally include: a circuit board located on one side of the code disk; a photosensitive chip connected to the circuit board; and a light source located on the other side of the code disk and positioned opposite to the photosensitive chip.

[0014] In some technical solutions, optionally, there are at least two housings, which are stacked sequentially along the axial direction of the code disk shaft. The circuit board and photosensitive chip are disposed in one of the at least two housings, and the light source is disposed in the other of the at least two housings.

[0015] The aforementioned technical solution employs a multi-shell design, making the sensing components more modular and facilitating assembly and maintenance. This design also allows the entire encoder to be installed as individual components, simplifying the assembly process and making manufacturing and maintenance more convenient. Furthermore, as user needs change, the number of shells can be replaced or increased as needed, giving the encoder high assemblability and expandability, enabling the development of products with different specifications and performance to meet the requirements of various installation environments.

[0016] In some technical solutions, optionally, at least one of the circuit board, photosensitive chip, and light source is assembled within the housing using fasteners or structural adhesive. This design ensures that the positions of these components within the housing remain stable and are not easily affected by external environmental interference, thereby contributing to improved performance and reliability of the entire sensing assembly.

[0017] In some technical solutions, the cross-section of the shell can optionally be fan-shaped.

[0018] In practical applications, the rotating area of ​​the code disk is circular, and the fan-shaped housing allows the housing to be set more compactly within the rotating area of ​​the code disk, taking up less space and reducing the weight of the overall device to some extent.

[0019] According to a second aspect of this application, this application proposes a motor including a mounting surface, a motor shaft, and an encoder as proposed in the first aspect of this application; wherein the housing and the mounting surface are connected; and the encoder shaft and the motor shaft are connected.

[0020] Since the motor has an encoder provided by any of the above-mentioned technical solutions, the motor has all the beneficial effects of any of the above-mentioned technical solutions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0021] In some technical solutions, the encoder shaft and the motor shaft are optionally connected by a coupling, connector, or structural adhesive.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the motor structure in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the housing structure in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 3 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the encoder in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 4 A second schematic diagram of the encoder structure in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the circular encoder disk in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sector encoder disk in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the encoder assembly in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0024] in, Figures 1 to 7 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows: 100 Encoder; 110 Housing; 111 Top Plate; 112 Side Plate; 113 Base Plate; 114 Open Cavity; 120 Sensing Assembly; 121 Circuit Board; 122 Photosensitive Chip; 123 Light Source; 130 Code Disc Assembly; 131 Code Disc; 1311 Circular Code Disc; 1312 Fan-shaped Code Disc; 132 Code Disc Shaft; 200 motor; 210 mounting surface; 220 motor shaft; 230 coupling. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] The following is combined Figures 1 to 7 The encoder and motor provided in this application will be described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Some embodiments of this application provide an encoder 100, the structure of which includes a housing 110, a sensing component 120, and a code disk component 130.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 Specifically, the housing 110 includes a top plate 111, a side plate 112, and a bottom plate 113; the top plate 111 and the bottom plate 113 are disposed opposite each other on both sides of the side plate 112, and the top plate 111, the side plate 112, and the bottom plate 113 enclose an open cavity 114. The sensing component 120 is disposed within the open cavity 114. The code disk assembly 130 includes a code disk 131 and a code disk shaft 132; the code disk shaft 132 is disposed outside the housing 110, and the code disk 131 is disposed on the code disk shaft 132 and rotates with the rotation of the code disk shaft 132; a portion of the code disk 131 is located within the open cavity 114, so that the sensing component 120 can read the signal from the code disk 131.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the housing 110 adopts an open design, which occupies little space and can be quickly assembled onto the motor. Furthermore, because the housing 110 has an open structure, the internal structure of the encoder 100 is clearly visible, facilitating installation, debugging, and maintenance. Simultaneously, the open structure can adapt to the installation requirements of code discs 131 of different shapes and sizes, allowing for adjustments based on actual needs. This enables the encoder 100 to be produced in different sizes to meet the application requirements of different installation environments.

[0031] In practical applications, the code disk 131 is made of metal or glass.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the code disk 131 includes a circular code disk 1311. The circular code disk 1311 has good rotational stability and can maintain a smooth operating state when rotating at high speed, which helps to reduce measurement errors caused by vibration and noise and improve the overall performance of the encoder 100; the design of the circular code disk 1311 allows it to adapt to various types of encoder structures.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the code disk 131 includes a plurality of sector code disks 1312, the plurality of sector code disks 1312 being circumferentially aligned with the code disk axis 132. Figure 7 The B indicates the direction. The fan-shaped code disks 1312 are evenly spaced. The design of the fan-shaped code disks 1312 makes it easier to diagnose and repair the encoder 100 when a fault occurs. If a fan-shaped code disk 1312 is damaged or fails, the fan-shaped code disk 1312 can be replaced individually without replacing the entire code disk 131, thereby reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0034] In the above implementation, multiple sector-shaped code disks 1312 are respectively disposed on the code disk shaft 132 in the axial direction ( Figure 7 The different heights (indicated by A in the middle) are shown.

[0035] In practical applications, the sector-shaped code disks 1312 are not only uniformly distributed circumferentially along the code disk axis 132, but also form a multi-layer structure in the axial direction of the code disk axis 132. Compared with a circular code disk of the same thickness, stacking the sector-shaped code disks 1312 in the axial direction can provide more encoding channels. Furthermore, the multi-layer sector-shaped code disk design can utilize materials more efficiently, rather than wasting a large amount of material in unnecessary areas as with a circular code disk, thus helping to reduce costs.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4In some embodiments, the sensing component 120 includes a circuit board 121, a photosensitive chip 122, and a light source 123. Specifically, the circuit board 121 is located on one side of the code disk 131; the photosensitive chip 122 is connected to the circuit board 121; and the light source 123 is disposed on the other side of the code disk 131 and is disposed opposite to the photosensitive chip 122.

[0037] In the above embodiment, the circuit board 121 serves as the basic support structure of the sensing component 120, not only supporting the various electronic components but also providing the necessary circuit connections. The photosensitive chip 122 is the core component of the sensing component 120, responsible for receiving light signals from the code disk 131 and converting them into electrical signals for processing. The photosensitive chip 122 is connected via the circuit board 121 to realize information transmission and processing. Light emitted from the light source 123 passes through the transparent or partially transparent area of ​​the code disk 131 and illuminates the photosensitive chip 122, forming a recognizable light signal.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 In practical applications, the code disk 131 uses binary code slits or the chrome-plated light-transmitting area of ​​glass to mark the entire code disk surface, giving each of the 360° positions on the code disk 131 a unique position information encoding. The surface of the code disk 131 is covered with narrow and wide slits. The light source 123 passes through the slits and projects onto the photosensitive chip 122, which identifies the information of "0" and "1". The photosensitive chip 122 uses an algorithm to convert the light information transmitted by the light source 123 through the code disk 131 into an electrical signal, and then converts it back to restore the angular position information of the encoder 100. The code disk 131, the photosensitive chip 122, and the light source 123 form a three-in-one signal system.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, there are at least two housings 110, which are stacked sequentially along the axial direction of the encoder shaft 132. The circuit board 121 and the photosensitive chip 122 are disposed in one of the at least two housings 110, and the light source 123 is disposed in the other of the at least two housings 110.

[0040] In the above embodiments, the use of multiple housings 110 makes the sensing component 120 more modular, facilitating assembly and maintenance. This design also allows the entire encoder 100 to be installed as individual components, simplifying the assembly process and making manufacturing and maintenance more convenient. Furthermore, as user needs change, the number of housings 110 can be replaced or increased / decreased as needed, giving the encoder 100 high assemblability and expandability, enabling the development of products with different specifications and performance to meet the requirements of various installation environments.

[0041] In some embodiments, the circuit board 121, the photosensitive chip 122, and the light source 123 are assembled into the housing 110 by fasteners or structural adhesive.

[0042] By assembling the circuit board 121, photosensitive chip 122, and light source 123 into the housing 110 using fasteners or structural adhesive, it can be ensured that the positions of these components inside the housing 110 remain stable and are not easily affected by external environmental interference, thereby helping to improve the performance and reliability of the entire sensing assembly 120.

[0043] Specifically, fasteners include screws, nuts, and clips. These fasteners can securely fix the circuit board 121, photosensitive chip 122, and light source 123 to predetermined positions on the housing 110 through threads, clamping, or other methods. Structural adhesive, a high-strength and highly adhesive bonding agent, makes connection more convenient and faster.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments, the cross-section of the housing 110 is fan-shaped, that is, the housing 110 is a fan-shaped body. Since the rotation area of ​​the code disk 131 is circular, the fan-shaped housing 110 allows the housing 110 to be more compactly arranged within the rotation area of ​​the code disk 131, occupying less space, and can reduce the weight of the overall device to a certain extent.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 In some embodiments, this application also proposes a motor 200, which includes a mounting surface 210, a motor shaft 220, and an encoder 100 as described in any of the above embodiments. Thus, this motor possesses all the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0046] Specifically, the housing 110 is connected to the mounting surface 210, and the encoder shaft 132 is connected to the motor shaft 220.

[0047] In some embodiments, the encoder shaft 132 and the motor shaft 220 are connected by a coupling 230. The coupling 230 can effectively transmit the torque generated by the motor shaft 220 to the encoder shaft 132, thereby driving the encoder 131 to rotate. Simultaneously, due to installation errors, thermal expansion, or load variations, there may be certain axial, radial, or angular deviations between the motor shaft 220 and the encoder shaft 132. The coupling 230 can compensate for these deviations, ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the transmission. Finally, the coupling 230 also has a certain buffering and shock absorption function, capable of absorbing and dispersing shocks and vibrations during the transmission process.

[0048] It is understood that the encoder shaft 132 and the motor shaft 220 can also be connected by connectors or structural adhesive, and this embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0049] It should be clarified that in the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more objects. Unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description process, not to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have the described specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, these descriptions should not be construed as limitations on this application. The terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection between multiple objects, a detachable connection between multiple objects, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection between multiple objects or an indirect connection between multiple objects through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood based on the specific circumstances of the above data.

[0050] In the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this application, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An encoder, characterized in that, include: A housing, the housing comprising a top plate, side plates, a bottom plate, and an open cavity; The top plate and the bottom plate are disposed opposite each other on both sides of the side plate, and the top plate, the side plate and the bottom plate surround to form the open cavity; The sensing component is disposed within the open cavity; The code disk assembly includes a code disk and a code disk shaft; the code disk shaft is disposed outside the housing; the code disk is disposed on the code disk shaft, and a portion of the code disk is located within the open cavity, so that the sensing component can read the signal of the code disk.

2. The encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The code disk is a circular code disk.

3. The encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The code disk includes multiple sector-shaped code disks; the multiple sector-shaped code disks are evenly spaced along the circumference of the code disk axis.

4. The encoder according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple fan-shaped code disks are respectively disposed at different heights along the axial direction of the code disk axis.

5. The encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing component includes: A circuit board is located on one side of the code disk; The photosensitive chip is connected to the circuit board; The light source is located on the other side of the code disk and is positioned opposite to the photosensitive chip.

6. The encoder according to claim 5, characterized in that, There are at least two housings, and the at least two housings are stacked sequentially along the axial direction of the code disk shaft. The circuit board and the photosensitive chip are disposed in one of the at least two housings, and the light source is disposed in the other of the at least two housings.

7. The encoder according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least one of the circuit board, the photosensitive chip, and the light source is assembled into the housing by fasteners or structural adhesive.

8. The encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The shell has a fan-shaped cross-section.

9. An electric motor, characterized in that, Includes a mounting surface, a motor shaft, and an encoder as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; The housing and the mounting surface are connected; the encoder shaft and the motor shaft are connected.

10. The motor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The encoder shaft and the motor shaft are connected by a coupling, connector, or structural adhesive.

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