A bottle mouth crack detection device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of bottle mouth detection devices, and particularly relates to a bottle mouth crack detection device, which comprises a conveying mechanism, a light source and a collecting mechanism, a roller rubbing mechanism and a bottle lifting mechanism. The conveying mechanism comprises chain and sprocket structures arranged in parallel. The light source and the collecting mechanism comprise a first light source assembly arranged above the conveying mechanism, an image collecting system arranged on one side of the conveying mechanism and a second light source. The roller rubbing mechanism comprises a roller lifting assembly and a rubbing wheel driving assembly. The outer circumferential surfaces of the roller and the rubbing wheel are tangent to each other. The roller lifting assembly drives the roller to lift along the vertical direction so that the roller can press and contact the surface of the bottle body. The bottle lifting mechanism is arranged between the two rows of chains and lifts the bottle body to the detection height to cooperate with the roller rubbing mechanism to complete the rotation detection of the bottle body. The application solves the problem of unclear imaging caused by factors such as the concave-convex structure of the bottle mouth, thread shielding and superficial cracks in the prior art, has a compact structure, can obtain the images of the bottle mouth from multiple angles, and improves the accuracy of the defect recognition of the bottle mouth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of bottle mouth detection devices, specifically, it relates to a bottle mouth crack detection device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing duct bottle production lines, to ensure bottle quality, a visual inspection station is typically set up during the bottle conveying process to identify appearance defects such as cracks and gaps at the bottle neck. A common structural design involves placing a backlight source on one side of the bottle conveying path and a camera module on the opposite side, using backlight imaging to visualize defects at the bottle neck.

[0003] However, because the bottle neck structure typically has a certain uneven stepped shape, and structures such as the neck and threads can cause refraction, obstruction, or shadow interference under backlighting, resulting in unclear imaging in some areas. Furthermore, for minor defects such as shallow cracks, backlighting often fails to produce clear image features, affecting the accuracy of subsequent image processing.

[0004] In order to integrate multiple detection functions within a limited equipment space, current mainstream detection equipment is usually only equipped with a single backlit vision detection structure. There is a lack of component structures that can be used to supplement other imaging methods (such as dark field imaging), which makes it difficult for the existing structure to meet the imaging needs of different types of defects.

[0005] Therefore, existing technologies have the following shortcomings in structural design:

[0006] 1. Limited detection structure: Only a backlit detection structure is used, lacking supplementary visual modules in other directions or angles.

[0007] 2. Structural layout limitations: Due to the ring-shaped structure of the bottle opening, single-sided imaging is prone to creating blind spots due to structural obstruction, and cracks may be located in areas that are not visible.

[0008] 3. Insufficient equipment compactness: Under limited installation space, it is difficult to achieve structural optimization by simply adding testing stations.

[0009] To address the aforementioned structural issues, there is an urgent need to provide a visual inspection device that can achieve complementary detection perspectives through a reasonable structural layout without significantly increasing the size and complexity of the equipment. This would improve the imageability of bottle mouth cracks and provide more complete image information for subsequent inspection and processing. Utility Model Content

[0010] This application addresses the problems of single detection structure, numerous imaging blind spots, and unstable image quality in existing technologies by proposing a bottle mouth crack detection device. This device combines a multi-light source and multi-angle image acquisition structure, configuring a bottle-lifting mechanism, a roller-rotating mechanism, and an image acquisition system. It also incorporates a first light source assembly and a second light source to achieve lifting and rotational movement of the bottle during the detection process. This allows for the acquisition of images of the bottle mouth area from multiple angles, effectively overcoming the problem of unclear imaging caused by factors such as the uneven structure of the bottle mouth, thread obstruction, and shallow cracks. The device has a compact structure, integrating all detection functions within the transport path. Without significantly increasing the equipment size, it achieves complementary detection perspectives and complete acquisition of image information, improving the accuracy and efficiency of bottle mouth defect identification.

[0011] To achieve the technical objective of this utility model, the following technical solution will be adopted:

[0012] A bottle mouth crack detection device includes a conveying mechanism and a light source and a collection mechanism. The conveying mechanism includes two rows of spaced and parallel chain and sprocket structures for supporting and conveying the bottle to be tested, and forming a detection area on the conveying path. The light source and collection mechanism are disposed in the detection area and include:

[0013] A first light source assembly positioned above the conveying mechanism for transmitting light through the outer wall of the bottle.

[0014] An image acquisition system is set on one side of the conveying mechanism, with the acquisition direction at a certain angle to the bottle body axis relative to the front end of the bottle body, in order to acquire the front end face of the bottle mouth and use it to obtain backlight images to identify bottle mouth cracks and defects on the inner wall of the bottle.

[0015] A second light source located on the same side as the image acquisition system, with its illumination direction at a certain angle relative to the back of the bottle and along the axis of the bottle, is used to illuminate the outer wall of the bottle opening.

[0016] The first light source component, the image acquisition system, and the second light source are arranged sequentially in space, so that the bottle body can simultaneously obtain external wall transmitted illumination and bottle mouth end face illumination within the detection area, and the image is synchronously acquired by the image acquisition system.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the image acquisition system further acquires the front face of the bottle mouth at an angle of 25°-60° relative to the front of the bottle body, and the second light source illuminates the bottle mouth face at an angle of 20°-70° relative to the back of the bottle body.

[0018] In a preferred implementation, the first light source component is a surface light source, and the second light source is a point light source.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a roller rubbing mechanism and a bottle-lifting mechanism disposed in the detection area. The roller rubbing mechanism includes a roller lifting assembly and a rubbing wheel driving assembly disposed on the other side of the conveying mechanism. The roller of the roller lifting assembly and the rubbing wheel of the rubbing wheel driving assembly extend above the space between the two rows of chains, and their outer surfaces are tangent to each other. The roller lifting assembly is used to drive the roller to move up and down in the vertical direction, so that the roller presses down to contact the bottle surface before detection and lifts up to avoid it after detection. The rubbing wheel driving assembly is used to drive the rubbing wheel to rotate and, through contact with the roller, drives the roller to rotate, so that the roller drives the bottle to rotate.

[0020] The bottle-lifting mechanism is located between the two rows of chains of the conveying mechanism, with its top positioned below the rollers of the roller lifting assembly. It is used to lift the bottle to be tested from the upper surface of the chain to the testing height, so as to cooperate with the roller rubbing mechanism to complete the bottle rotation testing process.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the light source and acquisition mechanism further include an adjustment bracket, and the roller rotation mechanism further includes two support platforms disposed on both sides of the conveying mechanism. The roller lifting assembly and the roller rotation drive assembly are installed on the support platform on one side of the conveying mechanism, and the adjustment bracket is installed on the support platform on the other side of the conveying mechanism.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting bracket further includes a vertical rod and a horizontal rod. The vertical rod is vertically installed on the support platform, and the horizontal rod is perpendicular to the vertical rod. The image acquisition system and the second light source are sequentially installed on the horizontal rod through a universal adjustment structure.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the first light source assembly further includes a first light source and two first light source mounting plates, with the two first light source mounting plates respectively disposed on two support platforms, and the two ends of the first light source respectively connected to the two first light source mounting plates.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the top bottle mechanism further includes a hydraulic push rod and a top plate. The bottom of the hydraulic push rod is fixedly installed on the equipment platform and is located between two rows of chains of the conveying mechanism. The top plate is installed on top of the hydraulic push rod and located below the roller, and is driven by the hydraulic push rod to move up and down.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the top surface of the top plate has an arc-shaped structure that matches the contour of the bottle; the hydraulic push rods include two rods arranged symmetrically.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the roller of the roller lifting assembly has a highly elastic rubber coating, and the outer surface of the roller of the rotary drive assembly has a wear-resistant polyurethane structural layer.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0028] First, the bottle mouth crack detection device of this utility model, combining a multi-light source and multi-angle image acquisition structure, overcomes the problems of single imaging, blind spots, and unstable image quality in traditional backlight detection. By setting up a bottle-lifting mechanism, a roller-rotating mechanism, and an image acquisition system in the detection area, in conjunction with a first light source component and a second light source, the bottle body is lifted and rotated, acquiring images of the bottle mouth from multiple angles. This improves the imaging clarity and recognition accuracy of bottle mouth concave and convex structures, thread interference, and micro-crack defects. Simultaneously, all components are integrated into the conveying path, resulting in a compact and reasonable structure. Without significantly increasing the equipment size, it achieves effective complementarity of detection perspectives, improving detection coverage and meeting the requirements of high-precision and high-efficiency quality inspection.

[0029] Secondly, in the preferred implementation, this utility model sets up support platforms on both sides of the roller rubbing mechanism, and installs a roller lifting component and a rubbing wheel drive component on one side, and an adjustment bracket on the other side. This makes the spatial layout of the light source and acquisition mechanism more flexible, and facilitates precise adjustment of the imaging angle and position according to the bottle size and detection requirements. This improves the adaptability of the detection system to bottles of different specifications and the consistency of imaging. At the same time, the symmetrical arrangement of the structure enhances the stability of the equipment, helps to reduce the offset and shaking of the bottle during the rotation detection process, and further improves the clarity of image acquisition and the reliability of detection results.

[0030] Third, in the preferred implementation, this utility model, by setting an adjustment bracket including a vertical rod and a horizontal rod, enables the image acquisition system and the second light source to flexibly adjust their installation position and angle along the direction of the horizontal rod, thereby achieving precise illumination and imaging of different areas of the bottle opening and improving the device's adaptability to various bottle shapes and complex structures.

[0031] Fourth, in the preferred implementation, the first light source component of this invention is a surface light source, which can achieve uniform transmitted illumination of the outer wall of the bottle, enhance the imaging contrast of the overall outline and internal structure of the bottle, and facilitate the identification of defects on the inner wall of the bottle. The second light source is a point light source, which has strong directionality and focusing ability, and can highlight local details such as tiny cracks on the surface of the bottle mouth, improving the imaging sensitivity to shallow defects. The combined application of the surface light source and the point light source maintains the uniformity of illumination while also ensuring high-contrast imaging in local areas, enhancing the system's adaptability to the identification of different defect types.

[0032] Fifth, in the preferred implementation, the first light source assembly of this utility model achieves stable installation and precise positioning of the light source by fixing the first light source between two mounting plates respectively set on the support platform, which effectively improves the consistency of illumination and the stability of imaging.

[0033] Sixth, in the preferred implementation, the bottle-lifting mechanism of this utility model uses a hydraulic push rod to drive the top plate to lift and lower, which can achieve precise lifting of the bottle and ensure stable positioning of the bottle during the inspection process. The top plate has an arc-shaped structure that matches the contour of the bottle, which effectively increases the contact area, improves the support stability of the bottle, and avoids the impact of uneven load or shaking on the imaging quality. In addition, the symmetrical arrangement of the double hydraulic push rods further enhances the balance and load-bearing capacity during the lifting process, ensuring the smooth movement of the bottle in the vertical direction.

[0034] Seventh, in the preferred implementation, the image acquisition system and the second light source of this utility model are fixed to the crossbar in sequence by a universal adjustment structure, so that their installation angle and position can be flexibly adjusted according to actual detection needs. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bottle mouth crack detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the light source and acquisition mechanism and the roller rotation mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of the image acquisition system and the second light source according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a perspective structural diagram of the conveying mechanism and the bottle-topping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0039] Figure 5 This is an image of the brown transparent oral liquid bottle in this embodiment of the present invention, illuminated by a first light source under existing technical conditions.

[0040] Figure 6 This is an image of the brown transparent oral liquid bottle in this embodiment of the present invention, obtained under the illumination of the second light source used in this application.

[0041] Among them, 1-conveying mechanism; 10-frame; 11-first drive motor; 12-first bearing; 13-rotating shaft; 14-gear; 15-chain; 2-light source and acquisition mechanism; 20-first light source assembly; 200-first light source; 201-first light source mounting plate; 21-image acquisition system; 22-second light source; 23-adjusting bracket; 230-vertical rod; 231-horizontal rod; 3-roller rubbing mechanism; 30-roller lifting assembly; 300-roller; 301-connecting shaft; 302-connecting plate; 303-lead screw; 304-bearing seat; 305-fixing plate; 306-second drive motor; 31-rubbing wheel drive assembly; 310-rubbing wheel; 311-third drive motor; 312-rubbing wheel mounting plate; 32-support platform; 4-bottle top mechanism; 40-hydraulic push rod; 41-top plate. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] The directional terms such as above, below, left, right, front, and back used in this application are based on the positional relationships shown in the attached drawings. Different attached drawings may result in different positional relationships, therefore they should not be interpreted as limitations on the scope of protection.

[0044] In this application, the terms "installation," "connection," "interlocking," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components. They can also refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. They can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] This utility model discloses a bottle mouth crack detection device, particularly suitable for detecting cracks at the bottle mouth on bottle container production lines. The device integrates multiple functional modules, including a conveying mechanism, a light source and image acquisition mechanism, a roller rotation mechanism, and a bottle-topping mechanism. Through multi-source imaging combined with bottle rotation, it achieves multi-angle, all-around detection of the bottle mouth area and the inner and outer walls of the bottle. The device has a compact structure, high functional integration, and adjustable detection angle, making it suitable for efficient detection of various bottle sizes. It effectively improves the accuracy of bottle mouth crack identification and the adaptability of the detection system, meeting the practical needs of modern packaging production lines for high-speed, precise, and intelligent detection.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] As per the instruction manual Figure 1-2 A bottle mouth crack detection device includes a conveying mechanism 1, a light source and acquisition mechanism 2, a roller rotating mechanism 3, and a bottle-lifting mechanism 4. The conveying mechanism 1 includes two rows of spaced and parallel chain sprocket structures, which drive the chains to run along a fixed track. A detection area is provided in the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 1. The upper surfaces of the two rows of chains are used to support the bottle mouth and bottle tail of the bottle to be tested, respectively, and convey them to the detection area along the conveying direction.

[0048] The light source and acquisition mechanism 2, the roller rotating mechanism 3, and the bottle-topping mechanism 4 are arranged in the detection area of ​​the conveying mechanism 1 to cooperate with the conveying mechanism 1 to complete the detection process. The light source and acquisition mechanism 2 includes a first light source assembly 20, an image acquisition system 21, and a second light source 22. The roller rotating mechanism 3 includes a roller lifting assembly 30 and a rotating wheel drive assembly 31.

[0049] The first light source assembly 20 is positioned above the conveying mechanism 1 to provide transmitted illumination to the outer wall of the bottle, thereby detecting dirt, scratches, and printing defects. The image acquisition system 21 and the second light source 22 are positioned on one side of the conveying mechanism 1, while the roller lifting assembly 30 and the rotary wheel drive assembly 31 are positioned on the other side. The second light source 22 illuminates the outer wall of the bottle opening, while the image acquisition system 21 focuses on the inner wall of the bottle. The image acquisition system 21 captures backlit images of the inner wall of the bottle, including the inner wall of the bottle opening, during one complete rotation of the bottle, and identifies cracked areas at the bottle opening and dirt-related defects.

[0050] The roller lifting assembly 30 has a liftable roller structure, and the rotating roller drive assembly 31 has a rotatable rotating roller structure. The rollers of the roller lifting assembly 30 and the rotating rollers of the rotating roller drive assembly 31 extend above the two rows of chains of the conveying mechanism 1 through their respective structures. The outer surfaces of the rollers and the rotating rollers are tangent. The rotating roller drive assembly 31 is used to rotate the rotating rollers and drive the rollers of the roller lifting assembly 30 to rotate.

[0051] The bottle-lifting mechanism 4 is positioned between the two rows of chains of the conveying mechanism 1, with its top located below the rollers of the roller lifting assembly 30. The bottle-lifting mechanism 4 is used to lift the bottle to be tested from the upper surface of the two rows of chains of the conveying mechanism 1 to the testing height via its top. After the bottle-lifting mechanism 4 lifts the bottle, the roller lifting assembly 30 presses the rollers down to contact the bottle surface, and under the driving action of the rotary wheel drive assembly 31, drives the rollers to rotate, causing the bottle to be tested to rotate one revolution for testing.

[0052] The bottle mouth crack detection device in this embodiment, by rationally arranging multiple light sources and image acquisition systems on both sides of the bottle conveying path, and cooperating with a roller rotation mechanism to achieve bottle rotation imaging, effectively overcomes the imaging blind spots and unclear images caused by traditional single-backlight imaging, realizing multi-angle and all-round detection of bottle mouth cracks and bottle defects. It integrates multiple imaging methods such as transmission, backlighting, and dark field within a limited equipment space, improving the imaging capability and detection accuracy of small defects such as shallow cracks. At the same time, the compact structural design balances equipment integration and complementary detection perspectives, providing more complete image information for subsequent image processing.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment includes all the structures of Embodiment 1, and the light source and acquisition mechanism 2 further includes an adjustment bracket 23. The adjustment bracket 23 includes a vertical rod 230 and a horizontal rod 231. The vertical rod 230 is vertically installed on the platform surface, and its bottom is fixed to the pre-set mounting holes on the platform by bolts or dovetail grooves to ensure structural stability. The horizontal rod 231 is set perpendicular to the vertical rod 230 and is connected by a connecting block. The connecting block is a "T-shaped slider" structure that is snapped onto the vertical rod 230, allowing for vertical height adjustment.

[0055] The image acquisition system 21 and the second light source 22 are sequentially fixed to the crossbar 231 via their respective mounting brackets. Each mounting bracket employs a universal adjustment structure, allowing the image acquisition system 21 and the second light source 22 to move back and forth along the axis of the crossbar 231, with adjustable pitch, yaw, and rotation angles. This structure helps to precisely adjust the image acquisition viewing angle and illumination direction, optimizing the uniformity of illumination and image clarity of the acquired image.

[0056] Furthermore, as per the instruction manual Figure 3The second light source 22 illuminates the rear face of the bottle opening from the rear (i.e., the back of the bottle) at an angle α of 20°-70° relative to the bottle's axis, using a universal adjustment structure. This illumination angle can be finely adjusted according to the specific shape of the bottle and the detection requirements, thus balancing the illumination coverage and crack detection sensitivity. This oblique illumination structure allows the light from the second light source to penetrate the local material of the bottle. When there are no cracks, most of the light is absorbed or scattered and attenuated by the internal glass material, ultimately appearing as a dark area in the field of view of the image acquisition system 21. However, when there are minute cracks, micro-defects, or material discontinuities at the bottle opening, the oblique light will be strongly scattered or reflected at the crack interface, resulting in a significant increase in brightness at the crack, exhibiting a high-brightness characteristic. The image acquisition system 21 acquires the front face of the bottle opening from the front of the bottle opening from the front of the bottle via a universal adjustment structure at an angle β of 25°-60° relative to the bottle's axis. When the second light source 22 illuminates the bottle opening from the back at an angle of α (20°-70°), if the angle between the image acquisition system and the light source is too small, a large amount of specular reflection light will be received, causing image overexposure or reflection interference. The β setting of 25°-60° aims to avoid the specular reflection path that the second light source 22 may produce, while ensuring sufficient reception of the bright signals scattered or diffusely reflected from the micro-cracks at the bottle opening, thus forming clear bright spots or edges in the image. This structural arrangement and angle setting help improve the contrast and clarity of the crack detection image, increasing the overall detection accuracy of the system.

[0057] It should be noted that in the case of a bottle with no cracks: the material structure of the bottle opening is intact, and the glass or plastic material suffers significant transmission and refraction losses when receiving obliquely incident light. The imaging system can only receive a weak reflected signal, resulting in a dark image. In the case of a bottle with cracks: the crack is an interface where the material's refractive index or structure changes abruptly. When light is incident at this point, phenomena such as edge diffraction, diffuse reflection, or specular reflection occur, forming a localized area of ​​concentrated light energy. This appears as a bright spot or bright line in the image, facilitating image algorithm recognition.

[0058] The universal adjustment structure includes a mounting base, a ball seat body, a ball joint connector, a locking knob, and a mounting bracket. The mounting base is a rectangular block with a central hole. The mounting base is fitted onto the crossbar 231. Threaded holes are provided on both the side wall of the mounting base and the crossbar 231. Bolts are used to fix the mounting base to the crossbar 231 through these threaded holes. The ball seat body is located on one side of the mounting base. The ball seat body is a combination structure of a hemispherical shell and an open annular groove. The ball seat has an external thread section. The ball seat material can be high-strength engineering plastic. A wear-resistant sliding sleeve is provided inside the hemispherical shell. One end of the ball joint connector has a ball head, and the other end has a rod. The ball head is located inside the hollow shell and forms a rotatable ball-and-socket structure with the hollow shell. The locking knob is a circular cap structure with an internal threaded section that mates with the external thread of the ball seat body. The locking knob is fitted onto the outside of the ball seat body via the rod end of the ball head connector. Rotating the locking knob clockwise gradually presses the knob end face against the spherical surface of the ball head, generating axial clamping force through the inner wall of the ball socket, thus securing the ball head. The rod end of the ball head connector is connected to a mounting bracket, which is connected to the image acquisition system 21 or the second light source 22.

[0059] The first light source assembly 20 includes a first light source 200 and a first light source mounting plate 201. The first light source 200 is a strip-shaped surface light source with an integrated high-brightness LED array and a uniformly diffused cover. There are two first light source mounting plates 201, which are respectively set on the platforms on both sides of the conveying mechanism 1 for suspending and fixing the first light source. Each end of the first light source 200 is provided with a fixing lug or "L-shaped support". The lug is connected to the two first light source mounting plates 201 by countersunk screws, and the screw holes on the first light source mounting plates 201 are pre-aligned.

[0060] The image acquisition system 21 includes an industrial camera, a lens assembly, and an image acquisition card. The industrial camera supports high-speed shutter and global exposure, with a resolution better than 8 megapixels. The lens assembly is a multi-coated industrial lens, and the appropriate focal length can be selected according to the subject being photographed.

[0061] The second light source 22 is a point light source, employing a high-brightness focusing LED and equipped with an optical lens system, resulting in strong directional output. The second light source 22 is used to provide high-contrast supplemental lighting to the bottle opening, improving image edge sharpness. The angle of the point light source is precisely adjusted via a universal adjustment structure, ensuring its light spot is focused on the outer wall of the bottle opening.

[0062] This embodiment achieves flexible adjustment of the image acquisition system and light source in multiple dimensions such as height, angle, and position by setting up an adjustable bracket including vertical and horizontal bars and a multi-degree-of-freedom omnidirectional adjustment structure. This allows the image acquisition viewing angle and illumination direction to be precisely matched with acquisition requirements, thereby improving the uniformity of image illumination and imaging clarity. In addition, the coordinated arrangement of the strip surface light source and the focused point light source effectively enhances the edge contrast of the target area, making it particularly suitable for high-quality imaging of structural details such as bottle openings, thus improving the overall adaptability and detection accuracy of the image acquisition system.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] Based on Embodiment 2, the roller rotating mechanism 3 of this embodiment further includes two symmetrically arranged support platforms 32. The two support platforms 32 are located on both sides of the conveying mechanism 1. Each support platform 32 is provided with two first light source mounting plates 201, which are symmetrically arranged and used to support the first light source 200 above the conveying mechanism 1. The two support platforms 32 have clearly defined functions. One support platform 32 is provided with a roller lifting assembly 30 and a rotating wheel drive assembly 31, while the other support platform 32 is provided with an adjusting bracket 23.

[0065] The liftable roller structure of the roller lifting assembly 30 includes a roller 300, a connecting shaft 301, a connecting plate 302, a lead screw 303, a bearing seat 304, a fixing plate 305, and a second drive motor 306. The fixing plate 305 is fixed to the support platform 32, and bearing seats 304 are respectively provided at the upper and lower positions on the side facing the conveying mechanism 1. Bearings are installed inside the bearing seats 304. The two ends of the lead screw 303 are rotatably connected to the bearing seats 304 through bearings. The lower end of the lead screw 303 is connected to the output shaft of the second drive motor 306 through a coupling. The housing of the second drive motor 306 is fixed on the support platform 32 to realize the driving function.

[0066] An axially extending slide rail is provided on a fixed plate 305 between two bearing seats 304. The slider is slidably connected to the slide rail and sleeved on the lead screw 303. One side of the connecting plate 302 is connected to the slider, and the other side is connected to one end of the connecting shaft 301. The connecting plate 302 maintains an appropriate gap with the bearing seats 304 to ensure smooth operation of the lifting structure. A bearing is embedded in one side of the roller 300, and the other side is connected to the connecting plate 302 through the connecting shaft 301, enabling the roller to rotate freely. The connecting shaft 301, together with the roller 300, extends between the two rows of chains of the conveying mechanism 1.

[0067] To reduce structural weight, a rectangular weight-reduction hole is provided on the connecting plate 302. One end of the connecting shaft 301 passes through this rectangular hole and is fixed to the connecting plate 302 by a baffle and bolts. The baffle abuts against both sides of the rectangular hole to ensure a stable and reliable connection. An internal threaded hole is provided at the end of the connecting shaft 301 to meet subsequent connection or adjustment requirements.

[0068] The second drive motor 306 drives the lead screw 303 to rotate, which in turn drives the slider to move up and down along the slide rail of the fixed plate 305, thereby realizing the synchronous lifting and lowering of the connecting plate 302 and its linked connecting shaft 301 and roller 300, and completing the precise adjustment of the roller position.

[0069] The rotary roller drive assembly 31 has a rotatable rotary roller structure, including a rotary roller 310, a third drive motor 311, and a rotary roller mounting plate 312. The bottom of the rotary roller mounting plate 312 is fixed to the support platform 32, and its top is embedded with a bearing, which serves as support and guidance. The housing of the third drive motor 311 is rigidly connected to one side of the rotary roller mounting plate 312, and its output shaft is connected to the transmission structure of the rotary roller 310 through a coupling, forming a drive closed loop.

[0070] The rotary roller 310 includes a disc wheel at one end and a connecting rod fixedly connected to its end face. One end of the connecting rod is coaxially arranged with the disc wheel and extends into the upper region between the two rows of chains of the conveying mechanism 1, forming a working part that contacts the outer circular surface of the roller 300 and drives it. The other end of the connecting rod passes through a bearing embedded in the top of the rotary roller mounting plate 312 and is connected to the output shaft of the third drive motor 311 through a coupling to realize power transmission.

[0071] Structurally, the outer circular surface of the rotary roller 310 is made of elastic, wear-resistant polyurethane (PU) material, which has a high coefficient of friction, good flexibility, and fatigue resistance, effectively improving the frictional driving efficiency between it and the roller end face. The outer circular surface of the roller 300 adopts a high-strength alloy steel or rubber-coated steel core structure to ensure transmission rigidity and service life. Driven by the third drive motor 311, the rotary roller 310 rotates, relying on the friction between it and the roller 300 end face to achieve the rotational drive of the roller 300. Preferably, the outer circular surface of the roller 300 adopts a highly elastic rubber coating with an anti-slip texture design, which can adapt to bottles of different materials and diameters, and provide sufficient friction when in contact with the bottle to ensure stable rotation of the bottle.

[0072] This embodiment achieves stable clamping and rotational drive of the bottle during the conveying process by setting up a roller-rotating mechanism with lifting function. The combination of a lead screw-slider structure and a high-precision drive motor allows for precise lifting and adjustment of the rollers to accommodate bottles of different sizes. Simultaneously, the rotating rollers contact the roller end face through a high-friction coefficient polyurethane material, driving the rollers to rotate synchronously through friction, thereby rotating the bottle. This is suitable for labeling, inspection, and other processes. The entire structure has a clear division of labor, reliable operation, and offers advantages such as high adaptability, good transmission stability, compact structure, and flexible adjustment.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] As per the instruction manual Figure 4 Based on Embodiment 3, the bottle-lifting mechanism 4 in this embodiment includes a hydraulic push rod 40 and a top plate 41. The bottom of the hydraulic push rod 40 is fixedly installed on the equipment platform and is driven by the control system to achieve lifting and lowering actions. The hydraulic push rod 40 is located between the two rows of chains of the conveying mechanism 1, and the top plate 41 is set on top of the hydraulic push rod 40 and below the roller 300. The top plate 41 is driven up and down by the hydraulic push rod 40 to serve as a platform for supporting the bottle. The material of the top plate 41 can be engineering plastic or stainless steel coated material with certain cushioning properties to increase friction and cushioning performance when in contact with the bottle. The top surface contour of the top plate 41 is an arc-shaped structure. This structure is customized according to the outer contour of the target bottle (such as bottle diameter, length, etc.) to achieve a curved surface fit of the bottle and improve stability. The arc structure can effectively limit the lateral displacement and rolling of the bottle during the lifting process, ensuring that the bottle is accurately aligned in the vertical direction.

[0075] In this application, there are two hydraulic push rods 40, which are symmetrically arranged between the two rows of chains of the conveying mechanism 1. The distance between the two hydraulic push rods 40 is configured according to the size of the bottle to achieve a stable lifting effect and avoid uneven force on the bottle, which could cause it to tilt or slip.

[0076] After the conveying mechanism 1 transports the target bottle to the predetermined position, the two hydraulic push rods 40 rise synchronously under the command of the control system, driving the top plate 41 to move upward. The top surface of the top plate fits against the bottom of the bottle, completing the stable lifting of the bottle. In this state, the bottle is in a controlled static state, which facilitates subsequent positioning or processing. Compared with the single-point pushing structure, the dual-point support method of the hydraulic push rods 40 can improve the support stability and symmetry, effectively preventing adverse conditions such as bottle tilting or displacement during the lifting process.

[0077] This embodiment employs a top plate mechanism driven by dual hydraulic push rods, enabling stable and symmetrical lifting of the bottle. The arc-shaped structure of the top plate conforms to the contour of the bottle bottom, effectively limiting the lateral displacement and rolling of the bottle during the lifting process, thus improving lifting accuracy and stability. At the same time, the top plate material has cushioning and anti-slip properties, enhancing the friction and cushioning effect in contact with the bottle, thereby improving the overall reliability and operational efficiency of the equipment in bottle alignment and subsequent processing.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] As per the instruction manual Figure 4 Based on Embodiment 1, the conveying mechanism 1 includes a frame 10, a first drive motor 11, a first bearing 12, a rotating shaft 13, gears 14, and a chain 15. The frame 10 consists of two parallel support plates that support the entire chain and gear transmission system. First bearings 12 are installed at both ends of the inner side of each support plate. Two opposing first bearings 12 are connected by a rotating shaft 13, forming two sets of rotating support structures along the conveying direction. Gears 14 are fitted at both ends of each rotating shaft 13. The gears 14 are located inside the support plates, and two gears 14 on the same inner side of the support plate are connected by a closed loop of the chain 15, realizing a chain drive structure. The chain 15 supports and drives the movement of the bottle along the conveying path. The first drive motor 11 is connected to one of the rotating shafts 13 via a coupling, driving its rotation to provide power input to the entire chain system. The first drive motor 11 is fixedly installed on the outside of the frame 10 and stably supported by a bracket to ensure the stability and efficiency of power transmission. This structural design features smooth transmission, compact structure, and convenient installation and maintenance. It is suitable for the precise conveying of bottles of various sizes and meets the requirements of continuous and synchronous control in automated production lines.

[0080] The conveying mechanism in this embodiment has a compact structure, smooth transmission, high power transmission efficiency, and good ease of installation and maintenance. Through the closed-loop arrangement of chains and gears, it can stably and continuously support and drive the bottle to move along the set path, realizing the precise conveying of bottles of various sizes and meeting the application requirements of automated production lines for high efficiency, continuity and synchronous control.

[0081] Example 6

[0082] In this embodiment, the bottle mouth crack detection device further includes a position sensor and a control system to achieve automated coordinated control. The position sensor, using a photoelectric switch or laser sensor, features high precision and fast response, and is used to detect in real time whether the bottle has entered the detection area, providing a reliable trigger signal to the system. The sensor is installed directly above or to the side of the chain track of the conveyor mechanism 1, specifically at the position just before the bottle enters the detection area. Its installation point maintains a fixed distance from the starting edge of the detection area to ensure that the control system can accurately and synchronously trigger the actions of each actuator based on the sensor signal.

[0083] The position sensor is powered by a 24V DC power supply and connected to the control system via a signal line to achieve real-time signal transmission. The control system is connected to several key execution units, including a first drive motor 11 (for driving the conveyor mechanism 1), a first light source 200, an image acquisition system 21, a second light source 22, a second drive motor 306 (for driving the roller lifting assembly), a third drive motor 311 (for driving the rotating roller assembly), and the solenoid valve body that controls the hydraulic push rod 40 of the bottle-topping mechanism. When a bottle enters the detection area and is detected by the sensor, the control system, according to the set timing logic, sequentially controls the conveyor mechanism to stop, the bottle-topping mechanism to lift the bottle, the rollers to contact the rotating roller assembly and drive the bottle to rotate, and simultaneously the image acquisition system, in conjunction with the light source, acquires image data of the bottle's circumference, thereby completing the efficient detection of bottle mouth cracks and bottle defects. This integrated control method ensures high precision, rapid response, and stability of the detection process.

[0084] The working principle of this bottle mouth crack detection device is as follows:

[0085] The bottle to be inspected is smoothly transported to the inspection station by the conveyor mechanism along a preset trajectory. Once the bottle is accurately in place, the bottle-lifting mechanism uses a hydraulic pusher to lift it from the support surface of the conveyor chain, making the bottle stable and stationary in the vertical direction, ensuring that there will be no shaking or deviation during subsequent rotation and image acquisition.

[0086] Subsequently, the roller lifting assembly is activated, and the roller structure presses down from above, contacting the side wall of the bottle. Driven by the rotating roller drive assembly, the rotating roller and the bottle are linked through high friction, enabling the roller to rotate stably and driving the bottle to rotate a full circle at a uniform speed. Throughout the process, the axial stability of the bottle is effectively ensured, creating an ideal dynamic environment for high-precision image acquisition.

[0087] The inspection area is equipped with two complementary light source systems, serving image acquisition for the bottle body and bottle mouth respectively: The first light source is a strip-shaped transmissive surface light source, installed on the upper outer side of the bottle body. Its beam illuminates through the outer wall of the bottle body, specifically for detecting surface defects such as scratches, stains, and printing defects. The second light source is a high-brightness focused point light source, which directionally illuminates the outer wall of the bottle mouth. By enhancing edge illumination, it creates a high-contrast effect, highlighting micro-cracks and contour details at the bottle mouth, and improving the image clarity of the bottle mouth area.

[0088] During the stable rotation of the bottle, the image acquisition system (composed of a high-speed industrial camera and a high-precision lens) continuously acquires images of the inner wall of the bottle opening. The control system, based on trigger signals, controls the acquisition camera and two light sources to alternately illuminate the bottle: for every one rotation of the bottle, the two light sources are illuminated N times in turn, and the acquisition camera acquires images at the same frequency. The camera sequentially acquires multiple image sequences, forming 2N images under the illumination of the first and second light sources respectively. Odd-numbered frames correspond to the first light source (bottle body image), and even-numbered frames correspond to the second light source (bottle opening image). The interval between each image or the bottle rotation angle is fixed. Finally, these images are transmitted to the image processing unit, which, combined with image enhancement, edge detection, and defect recognition algorithms, automatically extracts the contour edges and crack features of the bottle opening area, accurately identifies and locates potential micro-cracks, and completes the intelligent detection of bottle opening crack defects.

[0089] As per the instruction manual Figure 5-6 , Figure 5 The image shows the imaging effect of a brown transparent oral liquid bottle under existing technological conditions, illuminated by a first light source (transmitted backlight). Figure 6 This is the imaging result under illumination by the second light source (focusing point light source) in this application.

[0090] from Figure 5 As can be seen, the inner wall area of ​​the bottle neck (marked as D in the figure) is uniformly illuminated with clear grayscale, which is beneficial for detecting defects such as bubbles, scratches, and dents. However, the end face area of ​​the bottle neck (between the outer ring A and the inner ring B) is not effectively illuminated, appearing as a dark area overall, with only slight bright areas on the left and right sides (marked as C and E in the figure). However, these bright areas are limited by the angle and have poor stability. Cracks appear as "blackened" lines, which are difficult to see against a dark background, and cracks are easily missed. Therefore, the existing technology using the first light source is only suitable for detecting the inner wall of the bottle neck.

[0091] Figure 6 The lighting strategy for the second light source is as follows: light is emitted from the back of the bottle at an angle of 20°-70° to the end face of the bottle opening. The material of the bottle opening reflects and refracts the light, and the camera angle is used to optimize crack capture. Figure 6As can be seen, the crack at the bottle mouth refracts light, forming bright lines that appear as clear, "shiny" lines, enhancing image contrast. Especially in areas that were difficult to illuminate with backlighting (areas marked C and D in the image), the crack morphology is clearly displayed under point light source illumination. Compared to... Figure 5 The imaging effect shown Figure 6 The cracks at the bottle neck end face are presented more clearly, and the image contrast is higher, which improves the detectability and recognition accuracy of the bottle neck cracks.

[0092] With the bottle rotating at a constant speed, two light sources are lit alternately and the camera collects images synchronously, which can obtain a complete 360° high-contrast image sequence of the bottle opening, improving the detection coverage and crack recognition rate.

[0093] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics of the solutions is not described in detail here. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this application. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A bottle mouth crack detection device, comprising a conveying mechanism (1) and a light source and acquisition mechanism (2), characterized in that, The conveying mechanism (1) includes two rows of spaced and parallel chain sprocket structures for supporting and conveying the bottles to be tested, and forming a detection area on the conveying path; the light source and acquisition mechanism (2) is located in the detection area and includes: A first light source assembly (20) is disposed above the conveying mechanism (1) for transmitting light to the outer wall of the bottle. An image acquisition system (21) is set on one side of the conveying mechanism (1), with the acquisition direction at a certain angle to the front end of the bottle and the axis of the bottle, to acquire the front end of the bottle mouth and to obtain backlight images to identify bottle mouth cracks and defects in the inner wall of the bottle. A second light source (22) located on the same side as the image acquisition system (21), with its illumination direction at a certain angle relative to the back of the bottle and the axis of the bottle, is used to illuminate the outer wall of the bottle opening. The first light source component (20), the image acquisition system (21), and the second light source (22) are arranged sequentially in space, so that the bottle body can simultaneously obtain external wall transmission illumination and bottle mouth end face illumination in the detection area, and the image is synchronously acquired by the image acquisition system (21).

2. The bottle mouth crack detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image acquisition system (21) acquires the front face of the bottle mouth at an angle of 25°-60° relative to the front of the bottle body, and the second light source (22) illuminates the end face of the bottle mouth at an angle of 20°-70° relative to the back of the bottle body.

3. The bottle mouth crack detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first light source component (20) is a surface light source, and the second light source (22) is a point light source.

4. The bottle mouth crack detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a roller rubbing mechanism (3) and a bottle-topping mechanism (4) disposed in the detection area. The roller rubbing mechanism (3) includes a roller lifting assembly (30) and a rubbing wheel drive assembly (31) disposed on the other side of the conveying mechanism (1). The roller of the roller lifting assembly (30) and the rubbing wheel of the rubbing wheel drive assembly (31) extend into the space between the two rows of chains, and their outer surfaces are tangent to each other. The roller lifting assembly (30) is used to drive the roller to rise and fall in the vertical direction so that the roller presses down to contact the surface of the bottle before detection and lifts up to avoid it after detection. The rubbing wheel drive assembly (31) is used to drive the rubbing wheel to rotate and drive the roller to rotate by contacting the roller so that the roller drives the bottle to rotate. The bottle-top mechanism (4) is located between the two rows of chains of the conveying mechanism (1), with its top located below the roller of the roller lifting assembly (30). It is used to lift the bottle to be tested from the upper surface of the chain to the detection height, so as to cooperate with the roller rubbing mechanism (3) to complete the bottle rotation detection process.

5. The bottle mouth crack detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The light source and acquisition mechanism (2) also includes an adjustment bracket (23), and the roller rubbing mechanism (3) also includes two support platforms (32) set on both sides of the conveying mechanism (1). The roller lifting assembly (30) and the rubbing wheel drive assembly (31) are installed on the support platform (32) on one side of the conveying mechanism (1), and the adjustment bracket (23) is installed on the support platform (32) on the other side of the conveying mechanism (1).

6. The bottle mouth crack detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment bracket (23) includes a vertical rod (230) and a horizontal rod (231). The vertical rod (230) is vertically installed on the support platform (32), and the horizontal rod (231) is set perpendicular to the vertical rod (230). The image acquisition system (21) and the second light source (22) are installed on the horizontal rod (231) in sequence through a universal adjustment structure.

7. The bottle mouth crack detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first light source assembly (20) includes a first light source (200) and two first light source mounting plates (201). The two first light source mounting plates (201) are respectively mounted on two support platforms (32), and the two ends of the first light source (200) are respectively connected to the two first light source mounting plates (201).

8. The bottle mouth crack detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top bottle mechanism (4) includes a hydraulic push rod (40) and a top plate (41). The bottom of the hydraulic push rod (40) is fixedly installed on the equipment platform and is located between two rows of chains of the conveying mechanism (1). The top plate (41) is installed on the top of the hydraulic push rod (40) and located below the roller, and is driven by the hydraulic push rod (40) to move up and down.

9. The bottle mouth crack detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top surface of the top plate (41) has an arc-shaped structure that matches the contour of the bottle; the hydraulic push rods (40) include two and are arranged symmetrically.

10. The bottle mouth crack detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer surface of the roller of the roller lifting assembly (30) has a high elastic rubber coating, and the outer surface of the roller of the rubbing wheel drive assembly (31) has a wear-resistant polyurethane structural layer.

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