Solid-liquid material dual-purpose specific heat capacity tester

Abstract

The utility model wants to solve the technical problem to provide a kind of solid-liquid material dual-purpose specific heat capacity measuring instrument, the specific heat capacity measuring instrument can realize the specific heat capacity measurement of different sample can be completed in same platform, reduce instrument quantity and reduce experimental procedure complexity.The measuring instrument includes heat preservation cylinder body, the upper of heat preservation cylinder body is provided with cylinder cover body, detachably is provided with calorimeter cylinder body, mounting plate on cylinder cover body, heating device is provided on mounting plate, sample cabin, the upper end of sample cabin is provided with heat insulation sealing plug, first temperature measuring device is provided on heat insulation sealing plug, second temperature measuring device and stirring device are also provided on mounting plate;The solid to be measured is placed in sealed sample cabin, cooperate electric heating method and stirring to make water bath and sample temperature rise more obvious, reduce air gap and heat loss, improve measurement precision, by the combination of immersion heating, stirring device, degree measuring device and heat preservation cylinder body, reduce the influence of water bath internal temperature gradient and environmental heat dissipation on measurement result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of physical experimental instrument technology, specifically to a dual-purpose solid-liquid material specific heat capacity measuring instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Specific heat capacity is an important thermodynamic parameter of a substance. Electrothermal methods are commonly used to measure specific heat capacity because their heating power is easy to control and measure. Existing electrothermal specific heat capacity analyzers are generally based on the principle of heat balance, calculating the specific heat capacity by measuring the heat provided by the energized heater and the temperature rise of the sample. They are typically used to measure the specific heat capacity of liquids.

[0003] Most electrothermal specific heat capacity analyzers on the market are single-function, either only for solid samples or only for liquid samples. To simultaneously measure the specific heat capacity of both liquids and solids, two separate instruments must be purchased, increasing costs and making them inconvenient to use. Methods commonly used to measure the specific heat capacity of liquids include cooling and electrothermal methods, while mixing methods are often used to measure the specific heat capacity of solids. Instruments for solid measurements typically use a method where the solid being measured is heated by a heat source and then mixed with water for heat transfer. This requires direct contact between the solid and water, and the solid must have a density greater than water and not react with it. Such instruments lack a container to isolate the liquid from the water. Instruments for liquid measurements are equipped with specialized insulated cups or calorimeters, which have a large internal space for holding the liquid, but cannot effectively fix and contact the solid sample, resulting in uneven heating, significant heat loss, and substantial measurement errors. Existing technologies have the following drawbacks: 1. Limited functionality: A single instrument cannot simultaneously and accurately measure the specific heat capacity of both solid and liquid samples, requiring users to purchase two separate devices, resulting in high costs and large space requirements; 2. Poor adaptability to solid measurements: Traditional solid specific heat capacity measuring instruments require solid samples to have a density greater than water, not absorb water, and not react with water. They also need to be easily separated from water after measurement, placing considerable demands on sample material and particle size; 3. Limitations in measuring small-mass samples: For small-mass solid samples, due to the high specific heat capacity of water, the temperature rise during mixing is not significant, leading to larger experimental errors. When using cooling methods to measure the specific heat capacity of small-mass liquid samples, the presence of air gaps results in significant convective and conductive heat losses, affecting measurement accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a specific heat capacity measuring instrument for both solid and liquid materials. This specific heat capacity measuring instrument can realize the measurement of the specific heat capacity of different samples on the same platform, reducing the number of instruments and reducing the complexity of the experimental process.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows: a dual-purpose solid-liquid material specific heat capacity measuring instrument includes a heat-insulating cylinder, a cylinder cover is detachably provided at the upper end of the heat-insulating cylinder, a calorimetric cylinder is detachably provided on the cylinder cover and located inside the heat-insulating cylinder, and the calorimetric cylinder is used to hold water bath liquid.

[0006] The cylinder cover is detachably provided with a circular mounting plate that completely covers the upper end of the calorimeter cylinder.

[0007] The mounting plate is equipped with a heating device, and the heating part of the heating device is located at the bottom of the calorimeter cylinder.

[0008] The mounting plate is detachably provided with a tubular sample chamber, which is used to hold the material for specific heat capacity determination. The lower end of the sample chamber is located in the lower middle part of the calorimeter cylinder, and the lower end of the sample chamber is completely immersed in the water bath liquid.

[0009] The upper end of the sample chamber is provided with a heat-insulating sealing plug, and a first temperature measuring device is provided on the heat-insulating sealing plug, with the temperature probe of the first temperature measuring device extending downward into the middle of the sample in the sample chamber.

[0010] The mounting plate is equipped with a second temperature measuring device. The temperature probe of the second temperature measuring device extends downward to the lower middle part of the calorimeter cylinder and is completely immersed in the water bath liquid.

[0011] The mounting plate is equipped with a stirring device for agitating the water bath liquid to ensure it is heated evenly.

[0012] Furthermore, the heating device includes a positive electrode connection post and a negative electrode connection post;

[0013] Both the positive and negative terminals are equipped with connection terminals and power lines at their upper ends.

[0014] Both the upper and lower ends of the positive and negative electrode connecting posts are provided with external threads;

[0015] The upper ends of the positive electrode connecting post and the negative electrode connecting post are respectively fixed to the mounting plate by two first nuts;

[0016] An electric heating wire is provided between the lower end of the positive electrode connecting post and the lower end of the negative electrode connecting post, and there is a gap between the wire and the bottom of the calorimeter cylinder.

[0017] The lower ends of both the positive and negative electrode connecting posts are provided with fixing seats and second nuts. The two ends of the electric heating wire are respectively fixed to the lower ends of the positive and negative electrode connecting posts by the second nuts and corresponding fixing seats, forming a passage.

[0018] Furthermore, the two first nuts at the upper ends of the positive and negative electrode connecting posts are both insulated nuts.

[0019] Furthermore, the stirring device includes a stirring motor, which is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate by screws;

[0020] The output shaft of the stirring motor extends through the mounting plate to the lower middle part of the calorimeter cylinder, and the central axis of the output shaft of the stirring motor coincides with the central axis of the calorimeter cylinder.

[0021] The output shaft of the stirring motor is provided with multiple stirring blades that are evenly distributed along its circumference, and there is a gap between any stirring blade and the temperature probe of the first temperature measuring device.

[0022] Furthermore, the cylinder cover includes an annular side plate and a top plate, the top plate being disposed at the upper end of the annular side plate, and the outer diameter of the annular side plate being equal to the outer diameter of the insulation cylinder.

[0023] The upper end face of the outer wall of the heat insulation cylinder is provided with a first annular groove, the outer diameter of the first annular groove is equal to the outer diameter of the heat insulation cylinder, and the inner diameter of the first annular groove is equal to the inner diameter of the annular side plate.

[0024] The lower surface of the top plate is provided with a second annular groove that matches the upper end of the insulation cylinder. When the cylinder cover is closed on the upper end of the insulation cylinder, the annular side plate is sleeved on the upper end of the outer wall of the insulation cylinder and the upper end of the insulation cylinder is located in the second annular groove.

[0025] Furthermore, a stepped hole is provided at the center of the top plate, and an outer edge adapted to the stepped hole is provided at the upper end of the outer side wall of the calorimeter cylinder. The calorimeter cylinder is set in the stepped hole through the outer edge.

[0026] The upper surface of the top plate is provided with a circular groove. The diameter of the circular groove is the same as the diameter of the mounting plate, the depth of the circular groove is less than the thickness of the mounting plate, and the central axis of the circular groove coincides with the central axis of the stepped hole.

[0027] The mounting plate is located within a circular groove and the two are interference-fitted.

[0028] The mounting plate is provided with mounting holes that are adapted to the sample chamber, and the upper end of the sample chamber is located in the mounting holes with an interference fit.

[0029] Furthermore, both the cylinder cover and the mounting plate are made of insulating material.

[0030] Furthermore, the lower end of the insulation cylinder is provided with an anti-slip insulating rubber ring.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0032] 1. This specific heat capacity analyzer can measure the specific heat capacity of both solids and liquids in one unit, avoiding the need to purchase separate analyzers for solids and liquids. This is because it adopts a unified heating, stirring, and temperature measurement system and is equipped with a replaceable multi-functional sample chamber structure.

[0033] 2. Greater applicability to solid measurements: The solid to be measured is placed in a sealed sample chamber and indirectly heated by a water bath. It is no longer required that the sample must have a density greater than water and be in direct contact with water, thus making it suitable for fine-grained, small-piece, easily reactive, or low-density samples.

[0034] 3. More conducive to the measurement of small mass samples: The method of immersing a small volume sample chamber in a water bath, combined with electrothermal method and stirring, makes the temperature rise of the water bath and sample more obvious, reduces air gaps and heat loss, and improves the accuracy of specific heat capacity measurement for small mass solids and small amount of liquids.

[0035] 4. The temperature field is relatively uniform and the stability is good: By combining immersion heating, stirring device, high-precision temperature sensor and heat insulation cylinder, the influence of internal temperature gradient and environmental heat dissipation on the measurement results is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solid-liquid dual-purpose specific heat capacity measuring instrument described in this utility model;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the mounting plate, stirring device, heating device, first temperature measuring device and second temperature measuring device described in this utility model;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sample chamber, heat-insulating sealing plug, first temperature measuring device, and annular ring assembly structure described in this utility model;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heating device described in this utility model;

[0040] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the mounting plate and the cylinder cover body described in this utility model;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the mounting plate, the cylinder cover, and the calorimeter cylinder described in this utility model;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the combined structure of the cylinder cover and the heat-insulating cylinder described in this utility model;

[0043] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Insulated cylinder; 2. Calorimetric cylinder; 3. Cylinder cover; 301. Annular side plate; 302. Top plate; 4. Mounting plate; 5. Heating device; 5. Positive electrode connecting post; 501. Negative electrode connecting post; 502. Connecting terminal; 503. Power cord; 504. First nut; 505. Second nut; 506. Electric heating wire; 507. Fixing base; 508. Sample chamber; 6. Insulating sealing plug; 7. First temperature measuring device; 8. Second temperature measuring device; 9. Stirring device; 10. Stirring motor; 1001. Stirring blade; 1002. First annular groove; 11. Second annular groove; 12. Stepped hole; 13. Outer edge; 14. Circular groove; 15. Mounting hole; 16. Anti-slip insulating rubber ring; 17. Annular ring; 18. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] It should be noted that all directional indicator terms such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" in the embodiments of this application indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. They are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0046] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0048] like Figure 1-7 As shown, this dual-purpose solid-liquid material specific heat capacity analyzer includes an insulated cylinder 1. A cylinder cover 3 is detachably mounted on the upper end of the insulated cylinder 1. A calorimetric cylinder 2 is detachably mounted on the cylinder cover 3 and located inside the insulated cylinder 1. That is, the upper end of the calorimetric cylinder 2 is mounted on the cylinder cover 3, and the rest of the cylinder is located inside the insulated cylinder 1. The calorimetric cylinder 2 is used to hold a water bath liquid. The detachable design facilitates the addition or removal of the water bath liquid from the calorimetric cylinder 2. The insulated cylinder 1 and the cylinder cover 3 effectively reduce the influence of environmental heat dissipation on the measurement results.

[0049] The cylinder cover 3 is detachably provided with a circular mounting plate 4 that completely covers the upper end of the heating cylinder 2. The mounting plate 4 can both seal the heating cylinder 2 and install various components, achieving two goals at once.

[0050] The mounting plate 4 is provided with a heating device 5 and the heating part of the heating device 5 is located at the bottom of the calorimeter cylinder 2. The heating device 5 is used to heat the water bath liquid in the calorimeter cylinder 2 to raise its temperature.

[0051] The mounting plate 4 is detachably equipped with a tubular sample chamber 6, which is used to hold materials for specific heat capacity determination. The sample chamber 6 is generally made of test tubes. Since the sample chamber 6 is detachable from the mounting plate 4, it is convenient to replace sample chambers 6 of different sizes, which is beneficial for measuring samples of different masses. The lower end of the sample chamber 6 is located in the lower middle part of the calorimeter cylinder 2, and the lower end of the sample chamber 6 is completely immersed in the water bath liquid to ensure that the sample in the sample chamber 6 absorbs heat.

[0052] The upper end of the sample chamber 6 is provided with a heat-insulating sealing plug 7, which effectively prevents the temperature of the sample chamber 6 from being transferred to the outside, reducing the impact of heat dissipation on the measurement results. The heat-insulating sealing plug 7 is provided with a first temperature measuring device 8, and the temperature probe of the first temperature measuring device 8 extends downward into the middle of the sample in the sample chamber 6, that is, the middle of the material to be measured. For example, if the material to be measured is a liquid, the temperature probe of the first temperature measuring device 8 is located in the middle of the height direction of the liquid to be measured. If it is a solid particle, the temperature probe of the first temperature measuring device 8 is located in the middle of the height direction of the solid particle to be measured. The first temperature measuring device 8 is used to measure and display the temperature inside the sample chamber 6 and the temperature of the object to be measured, which facilitates data recording and subsequent calculation. Preferably, the first temperature measuring device 8 is a digital thermometer of model Delixi Electric THM C1.

[0053] The mounting plate 4 is equipped with a second temperature measuring device 9. The temperature probe of the second temperature measuring device 9 extends downward to the lower middle part of the calorimeter cylinder 2 and is completely immersed in the water bath liquid. The second temperature measuring device 9 monitors and displays the temperature of the water bath liquid, which is convenient for data recording and subsequent calculation. Preferably, the second temperature measuring device 9 adopts a high-precision temperature sensor of model Pt100. This high-precision temperature sensor is connected to an external display screen through a signal line, and the temperature value is displayed on the external display screen.

[0054] The mounting plate 4 is equipped with a stirring device 10 for stirring the water bath liquid to ensure uniform heating. The stirring device 10 stirs the water bath liquid to ensure uniform heating, avoiding the situation where the temperature of the area near the heating part of the heating device 5 is too high and the temperature of the area far away from the heating part is too low, thus effectively reducing the influence of the internal temperature gradient of the water bath on the measurement results.

[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the heating device 5 includes a positive electrode connecting post 501 and a negative electrode connecting post 502. Generally, both the positive electrode connecting post 501 and the negative electrode connecting post 502 are made of copper rods.

[0056] Both the positive terminal 501 and the negative terminal 502 are provided with a connection terminal 503 and a power line 504 at their upper ends. It should be noted that the outer surface of the connection terminal 503 is insulated.

[0057] Both the upper and lower ends of the positive electrode connecting post 501 and the negative electrode connecting post 502 are provided with external threads;

[0058] The upper ends of the positive electrode connecting post 501 and the negative electrode connecting post 502 are respectively fixed to the mounting plate 4 by two first nuts 505. That is, the upper end of the positive electrode connecting post 501 or the negative electrode connecting post 502 passes through the mounting plate 4. The two first nuts 505 are located on the upper and lower sides of the mounting plate 4, respectively. Tightening them can completely fix the corresponding connecting post.

[0059] An electric heating wire 507 is provided between the lower end of the positive electrode connecting post 501 and the lower end of the negative electrode connecting post 502, and there is a gap between the electric heating wire 507 and the bottom of the calorimeter cylinder 2. Preferably, the electric heating wire 507 is a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire, which can be directly placed in the water bath liquid for heating.

[0060] The lower ends of the positive electrode connecting post 501 and the negative electrode connecting post 502 are each provided with a fixing seat 508 and a second nut 506. The two ends of the electric heating wire 507 are respectively fixed to the lower ends of the positive electrode connecting post 501 and the lower ends of the negative electrode connecting post 502 by the second nut 506 and the corresponding fixing seat 508, forming a passage. That is, the end of the electric heating wire 507 is clamped and fixed by the second nut 506 and the corresponding fixing seat 508 and is in contact with the lower end of the corresponding connecting post. It is connected to the power supply through the power cord 504. The electric heating wire 507 converts electrical energy into heat energy. The water bath liquid absorbs heat energy and its temperature rises, which in turn causes the sample in the sample chamber 6 to absorb heat and its temperature to rise.

[0061] In this embodiment, to avoid accidental electric shock, the two first nuts 505 at the upper ends of the positive terminal connecting post 501 and the negative terminal connecting post 502 are both insulated nuts, which effectively avoid the risk of electric shock.

[0062] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the stirring device 10 includes a stirring motor 1001, which is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 4 by screws;

[0063] The output shaft of the stirring motor 1001 extends through the mounting plate 4 to the lower middle part of the calorimeter cylinder 2, and the central axis of the output shaft of the stirring motor 1001 coincides with the central axis of the calorimeter cylinder 2.

[0064] The output shaft of the stirring motor 1001 is provided with multiple stirring blades 1002, which are evenly distributed along its circumference. Each stirring blade 1002 has a gap with the temperature probe of the first temperature measuring device 8. The stirring motor 1001 drives the multiple stirring blades 1002 to rotate, thereby stirring the water bath liquid and making the water bath liquid heat evenly. This effectively avoids the situation where the temperature of the area near the electric heating wire 507 is too high and the temperature of the area away from the electric heating wire 507 is too low, and effectively reduces the influence of the internal temperature gradient of the water bath on the measurement results.

[0065] like Figure 5-7 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the cylinder cover 3 includes an annular side plate 301 and a top plate 302. The top plate 302 is disposed at the upper end of the annular side plate 301, and the outer diameter of the annular side plate 301 is equal to the outer diameter of the heat-insulating cylinder 1.

[0066] The upper end face of the outer wall of the heat insulation cylinder 1 is provided with a first annular groove 11. The outer diameter of the first annular groove 11 is equal to the outer diameter of the heat insulation cylinder 1, and the inner diameter of the first annular groove 11 is equal to the inner diameter of the annular side plate 301.

[0067] The lower surface of the top plate 302 is provided with a second annular groove 12 that matches the upper end of the insulation cylinder 1. When the cylinder cover 3 is closed on the upper end of the insulation cylinder 1, the annular side plate 301 is sleeved on the upper end of the outer wall of the insulation cylinder 1 and the upper end of the insulation cylinder 1 is located in the second annular groove 12. Through the sleeved arrangement and the cooperation of the second annular groove 12, the influence of environmental heat dissipation on the measurement results is further reduced. It should be noted that the annular side plate 301 is sleeved on the upper end of the outer wall of the insulation cylinder 1 and the two are interference fit.

[0068] like Figure 5-7 As shown, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the installation and disassembly of the calorimeter cylinder 2 and the mounting plate 4, a stepped hole 13 is provided at the center of the top plate 302, and an outer edge 14 adapted to the stepped hole 13 is provided at the upper end of the outer side wall of the calorimeter cylinder 2. The calorimeter cylinder 2 is set in the stepped hole 13 through the outer edge 14. The installation and disassembly of the calorimeter cylinder 2 can be facilitated by the cooperation between the stepped hole 13 and the outer edge 14.

[0069] A circular groove 15 is provided on the top plate 302. The diameter of the circular groove 15 is the same as the diameter of the mounting plate 4. The depth of the circular groove 15 is less than the thickness of the mounting plate 4. The central axis of the circular groove 15 coincides with the central axis of the stepped hole 13.

[0070] The mounting plate 4 is located in the circular groove 15 and the two are interference fit. The mounting plate 4 can be installed and disassembled through the fit between the mounting plate 4 and the circular groove 15, which also facilitates the assembly of the stirring device 10, the heating device 5 and the sample chamber 6.

[0071] The mounting plate 4 is provided with mounting holes 16 that are adapted to the sample chamber 6. The upper end of the sample chamber 6 is located in the mounting holes 16 and the two are interference fit. The mounting holes 16 facilitate the installation and disassembly of the sample chamber 6. Preferably, the mounting holes 16 are stepped holes. An annular ring 18 is provided at the upper end of the outer wall of the sample chamber 6. The cooperation between the annular ring 18 and the stepped mounting holes 16 makes the sample chamber 6 more stable.

[0072] In this embodiment, in order to further improve the safety of electricity use, both the cylinder cover 3 and the mounting plate 4 are made of insulating material.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, in order to improve the stability of the entire measuring instrument, an anti-slip insulating rubber ring 17 is provided at the lower end of the heat insulation cylinder 1. The anti-slip insulating rubber ring 17 increases the friction between the heat insulation cylinder 1 and the table, thereby improving the stability of the entire measuring instrument. At the same time, the anti-slip insulating rubber ring 17 further improves the insulation safety.

[0074] Working principle and process:

[0075] 1. Preparation stage: Weigh an appropriate amount of water and put it into the calorimeter cylinder 2. Immerse the electric heating wire 507. Place the mounting plate 4 on the heat preservation cylinder 1. Fix the sample chamber 6 to the mounting plate 4 through the mounting hole 16. Start the stirring motor 1001 and the electric heating wire 507. Record the heating power and the temperature rise of the water.

[0076] 2. Measurement phase: Record the constant power P and heating time t when the external water in the empty sample chamber 6 is heated to T1 during the first experiment; record the heating power, the temperature rise of the water, and the temperature rise of the sample when the external water is heated to T2 during the second experiment.

[0077] 3. Calculation stage:

[0078] The core principle of this experiment is the principle of heat conservation, which states that the energy required to heat a system is equal to the heat absorbed. In this experiment, an electric heating wire 507 is used to heat a water bath liquid (such as water) by passing electricity through it and releasing heat. The temperature change is then measured, and the specific heat capacity (c) of the heated liquid is used to calculate the specific heat capacity of the substance being tested.

[0079] During the experiment, the substance to be tested was placed in sample chamber 6, and a water bath liquid with a known specific heat capacity was placed around sample chamber 6. The specific heat capacity of the sample was obtained by measuring the temperature change. The temperature changes of empty sample chamber 6 and sample chamber 6 after adding the substance to be tested were measured in two experiments, and the heat balance was calculated using the power of the power supply and the heating time.

[0080] The formula for calculating heat is as follows:

[0081] ,in, It represents heat (unit: J, joule). This indicates specific heat capacity (unit: J / (kg·℃)). Mass of an object (unit: kg) Temperature change (unit: °C);

[0082] The formula for the heat output of the electric heating method is as follows:

[0083] ,in, This indicates the power of the electric heater (unit: W, watt). Indicates the energizing time (unit: s, seconds). This indicates the mass of the bath water (unit: kg). This indicates the specific heat capacity of water (unit: J / (kg·℃)). This indicates the mass of the calorimeter cylinder 2 (unit: kg). Indicates the water equivalent (unit: kg) of other parts. Indicates the mass of the sample to be tested (unit: kg). This indicates the specific heat capacity of the object being measured (unit: J / (kg·℃)). This indicates the change in water bath temperature (unit: °C). Indicates the temperature change of the object being measured (unit: °C);

[0084] First experiment (heating of empty sample chamber 6): A constant current and voltage power supply was used to energize the heating wire 507 to generate heat, which heated the water bath liquid outside the sample chamber 6, and the temperature change was recorded. And calculate the total heat capacity of the system.

[0085] (1)

[0086] Second experiment (adding the analyte): Place the analyte into sample chamber 6 of the water bath, heat it again, and record the temperature changes of the water bath liquid and the analyte. Stop heating when the temperature in the water bath is the same as the temperature in the first experiment, and calculate the specific heat capacity of the analyte. .

[0087] (2)

[0088] Finally, by combining formulas (1) and (2), the final formula expression for specific heat capacity can be obtained:

[0089] (3)

[0090] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose solid-liquid material specific heat capacity measuring instrument, comprising an insulating cylinder (1), wherein a cap (3) is detachably provided at the upper end of the insulating cylinder (1), characterized in that: The cap (3) is detachably provided with a calorimetric cylinder (2) and located inside the heat-insulating cylinder (1). The calorimetric cylinder (2) is used to hold water bath liquid. The cylinder cover (3) is detachably provided with a circular mounting plate (4) that completely covers the upper end of the calorimeter cylinder (2); The mounting plate (4) is provided with a heating device (5), and the heating part of the heating device (5) is located at the bottom of the calorimeter cylinder (2); The mounting plate (4) is detachably provided with a tubular sample chamber (6), which is used to hold the specific heat capacity determination material. The lower end of the sample chamber (6) is located in the middle and lower part of the calorimeter cylinder (2), and the lower end of the sample chamber (6) is completely immersed in the water bath liquid. The upper end of the sample chamber (6) is provided with a heat-insulating sealing plug (7), and the heat-insulating sealing plug (7) is provided with a first temperature measuring device (8), and the temperature probe of the first temperature measuring device (8) extends downward into the middle of the sample in the sample chamber (6). The mounting plate (4) is provided with a second temperature measuring device (9), and the temperature probe of the second temperature measuring device (9) extends downward to the middle and lower part of the calorimeter cylinder (2) and is completely immersed in the water bath liquid; The mounting plate (4) is equipped with a stirring device (10) for stirring the water bath liquid to make it heat evenly.

2. The dual-purpose solid-liquid material specific heat capacity measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device (5) includes a positive electrode connecting post (501) and a negative electrode connecting post (502). The upper ends of the positive terminal (501) and the negative terminal (502) are provided with a connection terminal (503) and a power line (504). Both the upper and lower ends of the positive electrode connecting post (501) and the negative electrode connecting post (502) are provided with external threads; The upper ends of the positive electrode connecting post (501) and the negative electrode connecting post (502) are respectively fixed to the mounting plate (4) by two first nuts (505); An electric heating wire (507) is provided between the lower end of the positive electrode connecting post (501) and the lower end of the negative electrode connecting post (502), and there is a gap between the wire and the bottom of the calorimeter cylinder (2). The lower ends of the positive electrode connecting post (501) and the negative electrode connecting post (502) are provided with a fixing seat (508) and a second nut (506). The two ends of the electric heating wire (507) are fixed to the lower ends of the positive electrode connecting post (501) and the lower ends of the negative electrode connecting post (502) respectively by the second nut (506) and the corresponding fixing seat (508) to form a passage.

3. The dual-purpose solid-liquid material specific heat capacity measuring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two first nuts (505) at the upper ends of the positive electrode connecting post (501) and the negative electrode connecting post (502) are both insulated nuts.

4. The dual-purpose solid-liquid material specific heat capacity measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring device (10) includes a stirring motor (1001), which is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate (4) by screws; The output shaft of the stirring motor (1001) extends through the mounting plate (4) to the lower middle part of the calorimeter cylinder (2), and the central axis of the output shaft of the stirring motor (1001) coincides with the central axis of the calorimeter cylinder (2). The output shaft of the stirring motor (1001) is provided with multiple stirring blades (1002) and they are evenly distributed along its circumferential direction. There is a gap between any stirring blade (1002) and the temperature probe of the first temperature measuring device (8).

5. A dual-purpose solid-liquid material specific heat capacity measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The cylinder cover (3) includes an annular side plate (301) and a top plate (302). The top plate (302) is located at the upper end of the annular side plate (301), and the outer diameter of the annular side plate (301) is equal to the outer diameter of the heat-insulating cylinder (1). The upper surface of the outer wall of the heat-insulating cylinder (1) is provided with a first annular groove (11), the outer diameter of the first annular groove (11) is equal to the outer diameter of the heat-insulating cylinder (1), and the inner diameter of the first annular groove (11) is equal to the inner diameter of the annular side plate (301). The lower surface of the top plate (302) is provided with a second annular groove (12) that is adapted to the upper end of the insulation cylinder (1). When the cylinder cover (3) is closed on the upper end of the insulation cylinder (1), the annular side plate (301) is sleeved on the upper end of the outer wall of the insulation cylinder (1) and the upper end of the insulation cylinder (1) is located in the second annular groove (12).

6. The dual-purpose solid-liquid material specific heat capacity measuring instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: A stepped hole (13) is provided at the center of the top plate (302), and an outer edge (14) adapted to the stepped hole (13) is provided at the upper end of the outer side wall of the calorimeter cylinder (2). The calorimeter cylinder (2) is set in the stepped hole (13) through the outer edge (14). The upper surface of the top plate (302) is provided with a circular groove (15). The diameter of the circular groove (15) is the same as the diameter of the mounting plate (4). The depth of the circular groove (15) is less than the thickness of the mounting plate (4). The central axis of the circular groove (15) coincides with the central axis of the stepped hole (13). The mounting plate (4) is located in the circular groove (15) and the two are interference fit; The mounting plate (4) is provided with mounting holes (16) that are compatible with the sample chamber (6), and the upper end of the sample chamber (6) is located in the mounting holes (16) and the two are interference fit.

7. The dual-purpose solid-liquid material specific heat capacity measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the cylinder cover (3) and the mounting plate (4) are made of insulating material.

8. The dual-purpose solid-liquid material specific heat capacity measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the insulation cylinder (1) is provided with an anti-slip insulating rubber ring (17).

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