A radar modulation board
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522081032.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-26
AI Technical Summary
但是，传统的雷达调制板在高频、窄脉冲的应用中，往往存在波形畸变、脉冲拖尾、反峰电压干扰等问题，导致脉冲波形质量、系统稳定性等方面存在不足，影响雷达系统的探测精度和可靠性
[0012]本实用新型具有以下有益效果：在工作过程中，雷达系统的控制模块所产生的触发信号经驱动芯片、预调制器和脉冲调制器调制后传输到脉冲变压器，由于预调制器和脉冲调制器各有多个，且每个预调制器具有两级推挽结构，故调制后的脉冲信号上升沿下降沿时间短、波形平整、拖尾小，脉冲波形整体质量较高。脉冲变压器将脉冲信号耦合到磁控管，使磁控管得到正常工作所需要的脉冲电压，驱动磁控管正常工作产生雷达所需要的微波信号，磁控管阴极在正常工作时会损失大量电子产生反峰电压，但由于磁控管阴极连接有反峰吸收电路，反峰吸收电路包括依次串联的至少两个反峰二极管和一个吸收电阻，故可通过反峰吸收电路消除反峰电压，使磁控管工作在稳定状态下。
Smart Images
Figure CN224788941U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of radar system technology, and in particular to a radar modulation board. Background Technology
[0002] Radar detects targets by transmitting high-frequency, high-power microwave pulses into space and receiving their echoes. The core transmitting unit of a radar typically consists of a magnetron or other microwave power devices. As a high-power microwave oscillator, the magnetron requires a high-voltage pulse of tens of thousands of volts to be applied between its cathode and anode to generate microwave oscillations. This high-voltage pulse must have extremely high precision and stability, including extremely fast rise / fall times, a flat top, and precisely controllable width and repetition frequency. These parameters directly determine the radar's detection range, range resolution, and ranging accuracy.
[0003] However, radar system control modules (such as FPGAs or DSPs) can generally only generate low-power, low-voltage trigger signals. There is a significant gap between their driving capability and the operating conditions required by the magnetron. Therefore, a dedicated intermediate component—a modulation board—is typically used as a bridge to convert the weak trigger signal into a powerful pulse signal capable of driving the magnetron. However, traditional radar modulation boards often suffer from waveform distortion, pulse tailing, and reverse voltage interference in high-frequency, narrow-pulse applications, leading to deficiencies in pulse waveform quality and system stability, thus affecting the detection accuracy and reliability of the radar system. Utility Model Content
[0004] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is how to enable radar systems to achieve high-quality, high-stability pulse modulation functions.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a radar modulation board, including a driver chip, a pre-modulator, a pulse modulator, a pulse transformer, and a magnetron. There are multiple pre-modulators and multiple pulse modulators. Each pre-modulator has a two-stage push-pull structure. The input end of the driver chip is connected to the control module of the radar system, and the output end is connected to each pre-modulator. Each pre-modulator is connected to one of the pulse modulators. Multiple pulse modulators are connected to the magnetron through the pulse transformer. The cathode of the magnetron is connected to a reverse peak absorption circuit. The reverse peak absorption circuit includes at least two reverse peak diodes and an absorption resistor connected in series.
[0006] Furthermore, there are two driving chips, four pre-modulators and four pulse modulators. The input terminal of each driving chip is connected to the two pulse output terminals of the control module of the radar system, and the output terminal of each driving chip is connected to two pre-modulators respectively.
[0007] Furthermore, it includes a low-voltage DC power supply, which provides drive voltage to the driver chip and pre-modulator, and filament voltage to the magnetron.
[0008] Furthermore, the implementation structure of each premodulator having a two-stage push-pull structure is as follows: each premodulator includes two NPN transistors and two PNP transistors. The bases of the first NPN transistor and the first PNP transistor are interconnected and then connected to the driver chip. The collector of the first NPN transistor is connected to the DC low-voltage power supply, and the collector of the first PNP transistor is grounded. The emitters of the first NPN transistor and the first PNP transistor are interconnected. The bases of the second NPN transistor and the second PNP transistor are interconnected and then connected to the junction of the emitters of the first NPN transistor and the first PNP transistor. The collector of the second NPN transistor is connected to the DC low-voltage power supply, and the collector of the second PNP transistor is grounded. The emitters of the second NPN transistor and the second PNP transistor are connected to the pulse modulator.
[0009] Furthermore, the specific structure for the DC low-voltage power supply to provide filament voltage to the magnetron is as follows: the DC low-voltage power supply includes a filament heater, the heating end of which is connected to the cathode of the magnetron.
[0010] Furthermore, the implementation structure in which multiple pulse modulators are connected to the magnetron via the pulse transformer is as follows: the pulse modulator is specifically an NMOS transistor, with its gate connected to the premodulator, its source grounded, its drain connected to the primary winding of the pulse transformer, the secondary winding of the pulse transformer connected to the cathode of the magnetron, and the anode of the magnetron grounded.
[0011] Furthermore, the system includes a DC high-voltage power supply, with the primary winding of the pulse transformer connected to the DC high-voltage power supply, thereby providing drive voltage to the multiple pulse modulators and the pulse transformer through the DC high-voltage power supply.
[0012] This invention has the following advantages: During operation, the trigger signal generated by the radar system's control module is modulated by the driver chip, pre-modulator, and pulse modulator before being transmitted to the pulse transformer. Since there are multiple pre-modulators and pulse modulators, and each pre-modulator has a two-stage push-pull structure, the modulated pulse signal has short rise and fall times, a smooth waveform, and minimal tailing, resulting in high overall pulse waveform quality. The pulse transformer couples the pulse signal to the magnetron, providing it with the pulse voltage required for normal operation. This drives the magnetron to generate the microwave signal needed for radar operation. During normal operation, the magnetron cathode loses a large number of electrons, generating a reverse peak voltage. However, because the magnetron cathode is connected to a reverse peak absorption circuit, which includes at least two reverse peak diodes connected in series and an absorption resistor, the reverse peak voltage can be eliminated, allowing the magnetron to operate in a stable state. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the radar modulation board.
[0014] Figure 2 This is the circuit schematic of the driving section of the radar modulation board.
[0015] Figure 3 This is the circuit diagram of the modulation section of the radar modulation board. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, the radar modulation board includes driver chips, pre-modulators, pulse modulators, pulse transformers, a magnetron, a low-voltage DC power supply, and a high-voltage DC power supply. There are two driver chips, four pre-modulators, and four pulse modulators. The input of each driver chip is connected to the two pulse outputs of the radar system's control module (e.g., an FPGA), receiving two trigger signals generated by the control module. The output of each driver chip is connected to two pre-modulators, and each pre-modulator is connected to one pulse modulator. The four pulse modulators are connected to the magnetron via the pulse transformer. The low-voltage DC power supply provides drive voltage to the two driver chips and four pre-modulators, and provides filament voltage to the magnetron. The high-voltage DC power supply provides drive voltage to the pulse modulators and pulse transformers.
[0018] like Figure 2As shown, the two driver chips U22 and U28 are specifically UCC27523D chips. The first input terminal INA of driver chip U22 is connected to the first pulse output terminal TRIG-1 of the radar system's control module through resistor R72. The second input terminal INB of driver chip U22 is connected to the second pulse output terminal TRIG-2 of the radar system's control module through resistor R76. The first input terminal INA of driver chip U28 is connected to the third pulse output terminal TRIG-3 of the radar system's control module through resistor R163. The second input terminal INB of driver chip U28 is connected to the fourth pulse output terminal TRIG-4 of the radar system's control module through resistor R165. The first output terminal OUTA of driver chip U22 is connected to the first premodulator through resistor R71, capacitor C121 and output interface TRIG-OUT1. The second output terminal OUTB of driver chip U22 is connected to the second premodulator through resistor R138, capacitor C170 and output interface TRIG-OUT2. The first output terminal OUTA of driver chip U28 is connected to the third premodulator through resistor R162, capacitor C210 and output interface TRIG-OUT3. The second output terminal OUTB of driver chip U28 is connected to the fourth premodulator through resistor R164, capacitor C212 and output interface TRIG-OUT4.
[0019] Each premodulator has a two-stage push-pull structure, specifically implemented through the connection of four transistors. For example... Figure 3As shown, the first premodulator includes two NPN transistors Q5 and Q7 and two PNP transistors Q6 and Q8. The bases of transistors Q5 and Q6 are interconnected and then connected to the driver chip U22 via the output interface TRIG-OUT1. The collector of transistor Q5 is connected to a low-voltage DC power supply, and the collector of transistor Q6 is grounded. The emitters of transistors Q5 and Q6 are interconnected. The bases of transistors Q7 and Q8 are interconnected and then connected to the emitter terminals of transistors Q5 and Q6. The collector of transistor Q7 is connected to a low-voltage DC power supply, and the collector of transistor Q8 is grounded. The emitters of transistors Q7 and Q8 are interconnected and then connected to the first pulse modulator Q1 via a short-circuited capacitor C6 and resistor R7. The second premodulator includes two NPN transistors Q9 and Q11 and two PNP transistors Q10 and Q12. The bases of transistors Q9 and Q10 are interconnected and then connected to the driver chip U22 via the output interface TRIG-OUT2. The collector of transistor Q10 is connected to a low-voltage DC power supply, and the collector of transistor Q12 is grounded. The emitters of transistors Q9 and Q10 are interconnected. The bases of transistors Q11 and Q12 are interconnected and then connected to the emitter terminals of transistors Q9 and Q10. The collector of transistor Q11 is connected to a low-voltage DC power supply, and the collector of transistor Q12 is grounded. The emitters of transistors Q11 and Q12 are interconnected and then connected to the second pulse modulator Q2 via a short-circuited capacitor C9 and resistor R12. The third premodulator includes two NPN transistors Q13 and Q15 and two PNP transistors Q14 and Q16. The bases of transistors Q13 and Q14 are interconnected and then connected to the driver chip U28 via the output interface TRIG-OUT3. The collector of transistor Q13 is connected to a low-voltage DC power supply, and the collector of transistor Q14 is grounded. The emitters of transistors Q13 and Q14 are interconnected. The bases of transistors Q15 and Q16 are interconnected and then connected to the emitter terminals of transistors Q13 and Q14. The collector of transistor Q15 is connected to a low-voltage DC power supply, and the collector of transistor Q16 is grounded. The emitters of transistors Q15 and Q16 are interconnected and then connected to the third pulse modulator Q3 via a short-circuited capacitor C12 and resistor R17.The fourth premodulator includes two NPN transistors Q17 and Q19 and two PNP transistors Q18 and Q20. The bases of transistors Q17 and Q18 are interconnected and then connected to the driver chip U28 via the output interface TRIG-OUT4. The collector of transistor Q17 is connected to a low-voltage DC power supply, and the collector of transistor Q18 is grounded. The emitters of transistors Q17 and Q18 are interconnected. The bases of transistors Q19 and Q20 are interconnected and then connected to the emitter terminals of transistors Q17 and Q18. The collector of transistor Q19 is connected to a low-voltage DC power supply, and the collector of transistor Q20 is grounded. The emitters of transistors Q19 and Q20 are interconnected and then connected to the fourth pulse modulator Q4 via a short-circuited capacitor C15 and resistor R22.
[0020] Pulse modulators Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are all NMOS transistors. The first premodulator is connected to the first pulse modulator Q1. Specifically, the emitters of transistors Q7 and Q8 are interconnected, and then connected to the gate of the first pulse modulator Q1 via a short-circuited capacitor C6 and resistor R7. The source of the first pulse modulator Q1 is grounded via resistor R8, and its drain is connected to the primary winding of pulse transformer T1. The second premodulator is connected to the second pulse modulator Q2. Specifically, the emitters of transistors Q11 and Q12 are interconnected, and then connected to the gate of the second pulse modulator Q2 via a short-circuited capacitor C9 and resistor R12. The source of the second pulse modulator Q2 is grounded via resistor R13, and its drain is connected to the primary winding of pulse transformer T1. The third premodulator is connected to the third pulse modulator Q3. Specifically, the emitters of transistors Q15 and Q16 are interconnected, and then connected to the gate of the third pulse modulator Q3 through a short-circuited capacitor C12 and resistor R17. The source of the third pulse modulator Q3 is grounded through resistor R18, and its drain is connected to the primary winding of pulse transformer T1. The fourth premodulator is connected to the fourth pulse modulator Q4. Specifically, the emitters of transistors Q19 and Q20 are interconnected, and then connected to the gate of the fourth pulse modulator Q4 through a short-circuited capacitor C15 and resistor R22. The source of the fourth pulse modulator Q4 is grounded through resistor R23, and its drain is connected to the primary winding of pulse transformer T1.
[0021] The secondary winding of pulse transformer T1 is connected to the cathode of magnetron P1, while the anode of magnetron P1 is grounded. This allows four pulse modulators Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 to be connected to magnetron P1 via pulse transformer T1. A reverse peak absorption circuit is connected to the cathode of magnetron P1, consisting of reverse peak diodes CR6 and CR7 connected in series, and an absorption resistor Rx. The primary winding of pulse transformer T1 is also connected to a DC high-voltage power supply TX-HV via resistors R1 and R2. Resistors R41 and R42, diodes CR1 and CR2 are connected in parallel between the primary windings, enabling the DC high-voltage power supply to provide drive voltage to the pulse modulators Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 and pulse transformer T1.
[0022] The DC low-voltage power supply includes a power management chip U1. The power supply terminal Vcc of U1 is connected to a +12V voltage via resistor R25. The output terminal DR-7 is connected to four pre-modulators via resistor R27, inductor L2, and diode CR4. It is also connected to the power supply terminals VDD of two driver chips U22 and U28 via interface V-TRIC, thus providing drive voltage to the two driver chips U22 and U28 and the four pre-modulators via the DC low-voltage power supply. The DC low-voltage power supply also includes a filament heater (not shown in the figure). Its heating end is connected to the cathode of magnetron P1 via interfaces HEATER+ and HEATER- and inductor L3, thus providing filament voltage to the magnetron via the DC low-voltage power supply.
[0023] During operation, the trigger signal generated by the radar system's control module is modulated by two driver chips U22 and U28, four pre-modulators, and four pulse modulators Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 before being transmitted to the pulse transformer T1. Since there are four pre-modulators and four pulse modulators, and each pre-modulator has a two-stage push-pull structure, the modulated pulse signal has short rise and fall times, a flat waveform, and a small trailing effect, resulting in a high overall quality of the pulse waveform. The pulse transformer T1 couples the pulse signal to the magnetron P1, providing it with the pulse voltage required for normal operation. This drives the magnetron P1 to generate the microwave signal needed for radar operation. During normal operation, the cathode of the magnetron P1 loses a large number of electrons, generating a reverse peak voltage. However, by providing the filament voltage to the magnetron P1 through a low-voltage DC power supply, electrons are continuously replenished to the cathode of the magnetron P1. Furthermore, since the cathode of the magnetron P1 is connected to a reverse peak absorption circuit, which includes two reverse peak diodes CR6 and CR7 connected in series and an absorption resistor Rx, the reverse peak voltage can be eliminated through the reverse peak absorption circuit, allowing the magnetron P1 to operate in a stable state and improving the overall performance of the radar.
[0024] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of patent protection. Any non-substantial changes or substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention will still fall within the scope of patent protection.
Claims
1. A radar modulation board, characterized in that, The system includes a driver chip, a pre-modulator, a pulse modulator, a pulse transformer, and a magnetron. There are multiple pre-modulators and multiple pulse modulators. Each pre-modulator has a two-stage push-pull structure. The input terminal of the driver chip is connected to the control module of the radar system, and the output terminal is connected to each pre-modulator. Each pre-modulator is connected to one of the pulse modulators. Multiple pulse modulators are connected to the magnetron through the pulse transformer. The cathode of the magnetron is connected to a reverse peak absorption circuit, which includes at least two reverse peak diodes and an absorption resistor connected in series.
2. The radar modulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two driving chips, four pre-modulators and four pulse modulators. The input of each driving chip is connected to the two pulse outputs of the control module of the radar system, and the output of each driving chip is connected to two pre-modulators respectively.
3. The radar modulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a low-voltage DC power supply, which provides drive voltage to the driver chip and pre-modulator, and filament voltage to the magnetron.
4. The radar modulation board according to claim 3, characterized in that, The implementation structure of each premodulator with a two-stage push-pull structure is as follows: Each premodulator includes two NPN transistors and two PNP transistors. The bases of the first NPN transistor and the first PNP transistor are interconnected and then connected to the driver chip. The collector of the first NPN transistor is connected to the DC low-voltage power supply, and the collector of the first PNP transistor is grounded. The emitters of the first NPN transistor and the first PNP transistor are interconnected. The bases of the second NPN transistor and the second PNP transistor are interconnected and then connected to the junction of the emitters of the first NPN transistor and the first PNP transistor. The collector of the second NPN transistor is connected to the DC low-voltage power supply, and the collector of the second PNP transistor is grounded. The emitters of the second NPN transistor and the second PNP transistor are connected to the pulse modulator.
5. The radar modulation board according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific structure for the DC low-voltage power supply to provide filament voltage to the magnetron is as follows: the DC low-voltage power supply includes a filament heater, the heating end of which is connected to the cathode of the magnetron.
6. The radar modulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The implementation structure of multiple pulse modulators connected to the magnetron via the pulse transformer is as follows: the pulse modulator is specifically an NMOS transistor, with its gate connected to the premodulator, its source grounded, its drain connected to the primary winding of the pulse transformer, the secondary winding of the pulse transformer connected to the cathode of the magnetron, and the anode of the magnetron grounded.
7. The radar modulation board according to claim 6, characterized in that, The system includes a DC high-voltage power supply, and the primary winding of the pulse transformer is connected to the DC high-voltage power supply to provide drive voltage to the multiple pulse modulators and the pulse transformer through the DC high-voltage power supply.