A millikan oil drop experiment device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a milivolt oil drop experimental device relates to oil drop experimental equipment technical field. Including oil drop box, oil drop box includes base, and the base is connected with the casing, and the casing top end is connected with the top cover, and the casing inside is connected with the support frame, and the support frame top end is provided with the oil collecting box, the outer edge of oil collecting box and the inner wall of casing abut, the center of oil collecting box is provided with the conical round table, the center of conical round table is provided with the oil leak hole, and the oil leak hole penetrates support frame, the base top end center position is connected with the oil mist chamber, and the oil mist chamber top end is connected with the oil receiving box, and the center of oil receiving box is provided with the conical round table, and the outer edge of oil receiving box and the inner wall of casing abut, and the center of conical round table is provided with the oil inlet, and the oil inlet is connected with oil mist chamber inside intercommunication. The utility model discloses whole structure convenient to dismount can collect the oil drop of entering the oil drop box inside, and the inside accumulated oil drop is convenient to clean.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of oil drop experimental equipment, specifically to a Millikan oil drop experimental apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] The Millikan oil drop experiment is a classic experiment in physics for measuring the amount of elementary electric charge, and it is widely used in university physics teaching and research. Its experimental principle is to observe the motion of a charged oil droplet in an electric field, calculate its charge, and thus verify the quantization properties of electric charge.

[0003] Existing Millikan oil drop experiment apparatuses typically include an oil drop box, electrode plates, a spray device, and an observation system. In practical use, oil droplets tend to accumulate inside the apparatus, especially on the inner wall of the oil drop box, the electrode plates, and surrounding structures. Long-term accumulation not only affects the uniformity of the electric field distribution but also interferes with the droplet trajectory, leading to increased experimental error. Furthermore, traditional apparatuses are complex in structure, inconvenient to disassemble and assemble, and extremely difficult to clean accumulated oil, impacting experimental efficiency and repeatability.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a Millikan oil drop experimental apparatus that is structurally sound, easy to disassemble and clean, and can effectively collect oil droplets, in order to solve the problems of difficult oil droplet accumulation and inconvenient maintenance in the existing technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus includes an oil drop box, the oil drop box including a base, a shell connected to the base, a top cover connected to the top of the shell, a support frame connected inside the shell, an oil collection box disposed at the top of the support frame, the outer edge of the oil collection box abutting against the inner wall of the shell, a conical frustum disposed at the center of the oil collection box, an oil leakage hole disposed at the center of the conical frustum, and the oil leakage hole penetrating the support frame; An oil mist chamber is connected to the center of the top of the base, and an oil collection box is connected to the top of the oil mist chamber. A conical frustum is provided at the center of the oil collection box, and the outer edge of the oil collection box abuts against the inner wall of the shell. An oil inlet hole is provided at the center of the conical frustum, and the oil inlet hole is connected to the interior of the oil mist chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing, the lower housing is threadedly connected to the base, the lower end of the upper housing is threadedly connected to the lower housing, and the upper end of the upper housing is threadedly connected to the top cover.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom end of the upper housing is provided with an annular internal thread, the top end of the lower housing is provided with an external thread, the support is connected between the upper housing and the lower housing, and the upper housing and the lower housing are connected through the annular internal thread.

[0009] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between the oil collection box and the housing.

[0010] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between the oil receiving box and the housing.

[0011] Furthermore, the oil mist chamber includes an upper electrode plate and a lower electrode plate, with an annular wall between the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate. The oil receiving box, the upper electrode plate, the annular wall, and the lower electrode plate are sequentially fixedly connected from top to bottom by long bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a video recording component and an optical imaging component. The optical imaging component is connected to the oil droplet box and is used for oil droplet motion imaging. The video recording component is electrically connected to the optical imaging component and is used to record the oil droplet motion process and monitor the oil droplet falling time.

[0013] Furthermore, the housing is a transparent housing.

[0014] Furthermore, a spray nozzle is provided on the side wall of the housing, which is used to add oil droplets into the housing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By setting up oil collection boxes and receiving boxes with conical frustums, excess oil droplets entering the shell can be effectively guided and collected, preventing oil droplets from accumulating on the inner wall of the shell or the electrode plates, thus ensuring a clean experimental environment and a stable electric field.

[0016] The housing adopts a split upper and lower threaded connection design, and forms a detachable structure with the base and top cover, which facilitates quick disassembly and cleaning of internal components and greatly improves the maintenance efficiency of the equipment.

[0017] Equipped with optical imaging components and video recording devices, it can automatically record the movement of oil droplets and accurately monitor the droplet falling time, improving the accuracy of data extraction and experimental efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the oil drop box structure of a Millikan oil drop experimental apparatus in Example 1.

[0019] Among them, 1-base; 2-shell; 21-upper shell; 211-annular internal thread part; 22-lower shell; 3-spray nozzle; 4-top cover; 5-support frame; 6-oil collection box; 7-oil mist chamber; 71-upper electrode plate; 72-annular wall; 73-lower electrode plate; 8-oil receiving box; 9-long bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] Combination Figure 1 This utility model provides a Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus, including an oil drop box, the oil drop box including a base 1, a shell 2 connected to the base 1, a top cover 4 connected to the top of the shell 2, a support 5 connected inside the shell 2, an oil collection box 6 provided at the top of the support 5, the outer edge of the oil collection box 6 abutting against the inner wall of the shell 2, a conical frustum provided at the center of the oil collection box 6, an oil leakage hole provided at the center of the conical frustum, and the oil leakage hole penetrating the support 5.

[0023] An oil mist chamber 7 is connected to the center of the top of the base 1. An oil collection box 8 is connected to the top of the oil mist chamber 7. A conical frustum is provided at the center of the oil collection box 8. The outer edge of the oil collection box 8 abuts against the inner wall of the housing 2. An oil inlet hole is provided at the center of the conical frustum. The oil inlet hole is connected to the interior of the oil mist chamber 7.

[0024] The conical truncated cone shape can prevent oil droplets from clogging the oil leakage hole and oil inlet hole, and can guide and collect excess oil droplets to ensure the normal progress of the experiment.

[0025] A spray nozzle 3 is provided on the side wall of the housing 2, and the spray nozzle 3 is used to add oil droplets into the housing 2.

[0026] The housing 2 includes an upper housing 21 and a lower housing 22. The lower housing 22 is threadedly connected to the base 1. The lower end of the upper housing 21 is threadedly connected to the lower housing 22. The upper end of the upper housing 21 is threadedly connected to the top cover 4.

[0027] The bottom end of the upper housing 21 is provided with an annular internal thread 211, and the top end of the lower housing 22 is provided with an external thread. The support 5 is connected between the upper housing 21 and the lower housing 22. The upper housing 21 and the lower housing 22 are connected through the annular internal thread 211. The support 5 is fixed at the abutment of the upper housing 21 and the lower housing 22. When it is necessary to clean the internal structure, the support 5 can be disassembled simultaneously by simply unscrewing the upper housing 21 and the lower housing 22.

[0028] A sealing ring is provided between the oil collection box 6 and the housing 2; a sealing ring is provided between the oil receiving box 8 and the housing 2; this ensures that excess oil droplets inside the housing 2 are collected in the oil collection box 6 and the oil receiving box 8.

[0029] The oil mist chamber 7 includes an upper electrode plate 71 and a lower electrode plate 73. An annular wall 72 is provided between the upper electrode plate 71 and the lower electrode plate 73. The oil receiving box 8, the upper electrode plate 71, the annular wall 72, and the lower electrode plate 73 are fixedly connected from top to bottom by long bolts 9. The whole assembly and disassembly are convenient, and only one long bolt 9 is needed to fix the whole assembly.

[0030] It also includes a video recording component and an optical imaging component. The optical imaging component is connected to the oil droplet box and is used for oil droplet motion imaging. The video recording component is electrically connected to the optical imaging component and is used to record the oil droplet motion process and monitor the oil droplet falling time. The video recording component improves the extraction speed of oil droplet falling time and has higher accuracy than human eye recognition of falling.

[0031] The housing 2 is a transparent housing, which makes it easy to observe the internal condition of the equipment.

[0032] In this embodiment, all electronic components are electrically connected to the PLC, which facilitates the control of the normal operation of the equipment.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus, characterized in that, The device includes an oil drop box, which includes a base, a shell connected to the base, a top cover connected to the top of the shell, a support frame connected inside the shell, an oil collection box at the top of the support frame, the outer edge of the oil collection box abutting against the inner wall of the shell, a conical frustum at the center of the oil collection box, and an oil leakage hole at the center of the conical frustum, the oil leakage hole penetrating the support frame. An oil mist chamber is connected to the center of the top of the base, and an oil collection box is connected to the top of the oil mist chamber. A conical frustum is provided at the center of the oil collection box, and the outer edge of the oil collection box abuts against the inner wall of the shell. An oil inlet hole is provided at the center of the conical frustum, and the oil inlet hole is connected to the interior of the oil mist chamber.

2. The Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing. The lower housing is threadedly connected to the base. The lower end of the upper housing is threadedly connected to the lower housing. The upper end of the upper housing is threadedly connected to the top cover.

3. The Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom end of the upper housing is provided with an annular internal thread, and the top end of the lower housing is provided with an external thread. The support frame is connected between the upper housing and the lower housing, and the upper housing and the lower housing are connected through the annular internal thread.

4. The Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the oil collection box and the housing.

5. The Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the oil receiving box and the housing.

6. The Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The oil mist chamber includes an upper electrode plate and a lower electrode plate, with an annular wall between the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate. The oil receiving box, the upper electrode plate, the annular wall, and the lower electrode plate are connected sequentially from top to bottom by long bolts.

7. The Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a video recording component and an optical imaging component. The optical imaging component is connected to the oil droplet box and is used for oil droplet motion imaging. The video recording component is electrically connected to the optical imaging component and is used to record the oil droplet motion process and monitor the oil droplet falling time.

8. The Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shell is a transparent shell.

9. The Millikan oil drop experiment apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the housing is provided with a spray nozzle, which is used to add oil droplets into the housing.

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