A magnetic element

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a magnetic element, comprising: a magnetic core, the magnetic core comprising a center column and a side column; a winding, the winding being arranged on the center column; a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet being arranged on or embedded in the magnetic core; and an air gap, the air gap being arranged on the center column or the side column, wherein when the air gap is arranged on the center column, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the winding on the side column, and when the air gap is arranged on the side column, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the winding on the center column. The present disclosure improves the anti-saturation capability of the magnetic core by arranging the permanent magnet on or in the magnetic core, so as to improve the peak power of the magnetic element during operation without increasing the size of the magnetic core.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of power electronics technology, and more particularly to a magnetic element. Background Technology

[0002] Magnetic components, such as transformers, are the core energy conversion carriers in power adapters, consisting of a magnetic core and windings. As the power density demands of laptops increase, the requirement for short-duration peak power is also rising. To prevent the magnetic core from becoming saturated, its size would need to be increased. However, this contradicts the trend of continuously increasing power density in power adapters, leading to the challenge of designing magnetic components that maximize peak power within a smaller footprint.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0004] This disclosure provides a magnetic element that at least partially overcomes the problem in related technologies where the core volume increases to meet peak power requirements.

[0005] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part from practice of this disclosure.

[0006] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a magnetic element is provided, comprising: The magnetic core includes a central post and side posts; A winding, wherein the winding is disposed on the central column; A permanent magnet, wherein the permanent magnet is disposed on or embedded in the magnetic core; and An air gap is provided in the middle column or the side column; When the air gap is located on the central column, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the winding on the side column. When the air gap is located on the side column, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the winding on the central column.

[0007] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the magnetic core includes a first magnetic cover and a second magnetic cover, and the central post and the side post are simultaneously disposed on the first magnetic cover and the second magnetic cover, or the central post and the side post are disposed on only one of the first magnetic cover and the second magnetic cover.

[0008] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the permanent magnet is disposed on the surface of the first magnetic cover and / or the second magnetic cover away from the central column and the side column.

[0009] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the permanent magnet is embedded in the first magnetic cover and / or the second magnetic cover.

[0010] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the projected area of ​​the permanent magnet is less than or equal to the projected area of ​​the first magnetic cover and the second magnetic cover on a plane parallel to the first magnetic cover and the second magnetic cover.

[0011] In one embodiment of this disclosure, when the central column has the air gap, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the central column is greater than the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the side column.

[0012] In one embodiment of this disclosure, when the side post has the air gap, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the side post is greater than the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the middle post.

[0013] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the side pillars include a first side pillar and a second side pillar. When the air gap is opened in the first side pillar and the second side pillar, the sum of the effective cross-sectional areas of the first side pillar and the second side pillar is greater than the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the central pillar.

[0014] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the magnetic element is a wire-wound transformer or a planar transformer.

[0015] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the magnetic element is applied to a flyback converter circuit.

[0016] This disclosure provides a magnetic element comprising: a magnetic core including a central post and side posts; a winding disposed on the central post; a permanent magnet disposed on or embedded in the magnetic core; and an air gap disposed on the central post or side posts. When the air gap is disposed on the central post, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is in the same direction as the magnetic field generated by the winding on the side posts; when the air gap is disposed on the side posts, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the winding on the central post. This disclosure improves the anti-saturation capability of the magnetic core by placing a permanent magnet on or within the magnetic core, thereby increasing the peak power of the magnetic element during operation without increasing the core size.

[0017] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0019] Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a magnetic core structure used in a magnetic element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 This diagram illustrates one of the magnetic elements provided with a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of a magnetic element provided with a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 This is shown as a third schematic diagram of a magnetic element provided with a permanent magnet in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 This is shown as a fourth schematic diagram of a magnetic element provided with a permanent magnet in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 6 This diagram illustrates a magnetic element provided with a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7A This shows one of the magnetic circuit distribution diagrams corresponding to the surface of a permanent magnet attached to a magnetic core in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 7B Show Figure 7A The embodiment shown has a magnetic core with a permanent magnet and Figure 1 The table below shows the magnetic induction intensity of a magnetic core without permanent magnets. Figure 8A This is a second magnetic circuit distribution diagram corresponding to the surface of a permanent magnet attached to a magnetic core in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 8B Show Figure 8A The embodiment shown has a magnetic core with a permanent magnet and Figure 1 The table below shows the magnetic induction intensity of a magnetic core without permanent magnets. Figure 9A This diagram shows the magnetic circuit distribution of a permanent magnet embedded central column in one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 9B Show Figure 9A The embodiment shown has a magnetic core with a permanent magnet and Figure 1 The table below shows the magnetic induction intensity of a magnetic core without a permanent magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of this disclosure described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this disclosure provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed disclosure, but merely represents selected embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0022] The following detailed description of this exemplary implementation method is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] In commonly used flyback converters, the transformer is unidirectionally energized, and the transformer core operates in the first quadrant, leaving the third quadrant unutilized. This is primarily due to a DC bias in the transformer's primary winding. To address the low core utilization caused by this DC bias, this disclosure utilizes permanent magnets placed on the surface of the core of a magnetic element, such as in a transformer, or embedded within the core, to counteract the DC bias. This ensures that the core remains unsaturated even under relatively high peak power conditions. Furthermore, placing the permanent magnets on the surface of the magnetic element's core is easier to implement, and the permanent magnets do not generate additional losses.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a magnetic core structure used in the magnetic element of this disclosure embodiment is shown, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the magnetic core 10 provided in this embodiment includes a central post 110 and side posts 120.

[0025] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the magnetic core 10 includes a first magnetic cover 130 and a second magnetic cover 140, with a central post 110 and a side post 120 simultaneously disposed on the first magnetic cover 130 and the second magnetic cover 140, or the central post 110 and the side post 120 disposed on only one of the first magnetic cover 130 and the second magnetic cover 140.

[0026] It should be noted that when the central post 110 and the side post 120 are simultaneously disposed on the first magnetic cover 130 and the second magnetic cover 140, the magnetic core structure can be an EE-type magnetic core, which is composed of two symmetrical "E"-type magnetic cores to form a closed magnetic circuit; when the central post 110 and the side post 120 are disposed on only one of the first magnetic cover 130 and the second magnetic cover 140, such as Figure 1As shown, the magnetic core structure can be an EI type magnetic core, which is a combination of an "E" type magnetic core and an "I" type magnetic core (bar magnetic core). The central column 110, the side column 120 and the second magnetic cover 140 constitute the aforementioned "E" type magnetic core, and the first magnetic cover 130 constitutes the aforementioned "I" type magnetic core.

[0027] like Figure 1 The magnetic core 10 shown is used in a magnetic element, which also includes a winding 20. Figure 1 Not shown, please refer to Figure 6 The system includes a permanent magnet 30, wherein the winding 20 is disposed on the central column 110. The permanent magnet 30 is disposed on or embedded in the magnetic core 10. In some embodiments of this invention, such as... Figure 2-5 As shown, the permanent magnet 30 is disposed on the upper / lower surface of the magnetic core 10. In other embodiments of this invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, for ease of demonstration of the internal structure, only a portion of the magnetic core 10 is shown, in which the permanent magnet 30 is embedded within the central pillar of the magnetic core 10. It should be noted that although the permanent magnet 30 provides the best cancellation effect for the magnetic flux within the magnetic core 10, reducing the magnetic induction intensity value B of all magnetic pillars, the permanent magnet 30 itself suffers losses. In other embodiments of this invention, similar to... Figure 2-5 As shown, the permanent magnet 30 is embedded in the first magnetic cover 130 and / or the second magnetic cover 140 of the magnetic core 10, i.e., the upper / lower surface (not shown in the figure).

[0028] Through the above embodiments, this disclosure improves the anti-saturation capability of the magnetic core by setting a permanent magnet on or inside the magnetic core of the magnetic element, thereby increasing the peak power of the magnetic element during operation without increasing the size of the magnetic core.

[0029] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This illustration shows one of the schematic diagrams of a magnetic element provided with a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the permanent magnet 30 is disposed on the surface of the first magnetic cover 130 away from the central column 110 and the side column 120 (i.e., the upper surface of the magnetic core 10 in the figure). The magnetic core element also includes an air gap G, which is opened on the central column 110. At this time, since the permanent magnet 30 will only reduce the maximum magnetic flux density of the side column 120, the first magnetic cover 130 and the second magnetic cover 140, the maximum magnetic flux density of the central column 110 will not change. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the central column 110 is greater than the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the side column 120. The so-called "effective cross-sectional area" refers to the actual cross-section through which the magnetic lines of force can effectively pass inside the magnetic core. Intuitively, it can be approximately understood from the figure that the projected area of ​​the central column on the plane parallel to the first magnetic cover 130 and the second magnetic cover 140 is greater than the projected area of ​​the side column.

[0030] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is shown as a second schematic diagram of a magnetic element with a permanent magnet in an embodiment of this disclosure, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the permanent magnet 30 is disposed on the surface of the second magnetic cover 140 away from the central column 110 and the side column 120 (i.e., the lower surface of the magnetic core 10 in the figure), wherein the central column 120 includes the first side column and the second side column, and the air gap G is in addition to the above. Figure 2 It can be opened on the central column 110, or it can be opened on one side column 120, such as the first side column. Figure 3 As shown, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the first side column with air gap G is greater than that of the middle column 110 and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the second side column without air gap G.

[0031] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 This illustration shows a third schematic diagram of a magnetic element with a permanent magnet in an embodiment of this disclosure, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it is similar to Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the permanent magnet 30 is disposed on the surface of the second magnetic cover 140 away from the central column 110 and the side column 120 (i.e., the lower surface of the magnetic core 10 in the figure). The difference is that the air gap G is opened on the side columns 120 on both sides, i.e. the first side column and the second side column. At this time, the sum of the effective cross-sectional areas of the two side columns 120 with the air gap G is greater than the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the central column 110.

[0032] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 The fourth schematic diagram of a magnetic element with a permanent magnet in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it is similar to Figure 2 The embodiment shown differs in that the permanent magnet 30 is simultaneously disposed on the surfaces of the first magnetic cover 130 and the second magnetic cover 140 away from the central column 110 and the side column 120.

[0033] In one embodiment of this disclosure, on a plane parallel to the first magnetic cover 130 and the second magnetic cover 140, the projected area of ​​the permanent magnet 30 is less than or equal to the projected area of ​​the first magnetic cover 130 and the second magnetic cover 140.

[0034] Figure 7A This illustration shows one of the magnetic circuit distribution diagrams corresponding to the surface of a permanent magnet attached to a magnetic core in an embodiment of this disclosure, combined with... Figure 2 Taking the schematic diagram of the magnetic element shown as an example, when the air gap G is opened in the central column 110, the permanent magnet 30 is set on one surface of the magnetic core 10, and the direction of the -Z axis in the Cartesian coordinate system (i.e. Figure 7A When the vertically downward direction is the normal component of the magnetic field of permanent magnet 30, the magnetic circuit distribution diagram of the magnetic element is as follows: Figure 7A As shown. Combined with Figure 7BShown Figure 7A In the embodiment shown, a magnetic core 10 with a permanent magnet 30 and Figure 1 The table showing the magnetic flux density comparison of the magnetic core 10 without the permanent magnet 30 illustrates that the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 30 and the magnetic flux generated by the winding 20 on the side post 120 are in opposite directions. Therefore, the maximum magnetic flux density Bmax on the side post 120 decreases from 0.190T to 0.057T. Similarly, the maximum magnetic flux density Bmax on the first magnetic cover 120 and the second magnetic cover 140, which serve as the top and bottom posts respectively, also decreases to some extent. However, because the middle post 110 has an air gap G and a relatively large magnetic reluctance, less magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 30 travels through the middle post 110, thus the maximum magnetic flux density Bmax on the middle post 110 remains essentially unchanged.

[0035] Figure 8B This is shown as a second magnetic circuit distribution diagram corresponding to the surface of a permanent magnet attached to a magnetic core in an embodiment of this disclosure. (Combined with...) Figure 4 Taking the schematic diagram of the magnetic element shown as an example, when the air gap G is opened on the two side posts 120, the permanent magnet 30 is set on one surface of the magnetic core 10, and the +Z axis direction in the Cartesian coordinate system (i.e. Figure 8A When the vertically upward direction is the normal component of the permanent magnet 30, the magnetic circuit distribution diagram of the magnetic element is as follows: Figure 8A As shown. Combined with Figure 8B Shown Figure 8A In the embodiment shown, a magnetic core 10 with a permanent magnet 30 and Figure 1 The table showing the magnetic flux density comparison of the magnetic core 10 without the permanent magnet 30 illustrates that the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 30 and the magnetic flux generated by the winding 20 on the central column 110 are in opposite directions. Therefore, the maximum magnetic flux density Bmax on the central column 110 decreases from 0.227T to 0.155T. Similarly, the maximum magnetic flux density Bmax on the first magnetic cover 120 and the second magnetic cover 140, which serve as the top and bottom columns respectively, also decreases to some extent. Since the two side columns 120 have an air gap G, their magnetic reluctance is relatively high. Therefore, less magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 30 travels through the two side columns 120, and thus the maximum magnetic flux density Bmax on the two side columns 120 remains essentially unchanged.

[0036] Figure 9A This diagram illustrates the magnetic circuit distribution of a permanent magnet embedded central column according to an embodiment of this disclosure. (Combined with...) Figure 6 Taking the schematic diagram of the magnetic element shown as an example, the permanent magnet 30 is embedded in the central column 110, in the +Z axis direction of the Cartesian coordinate system (i.e. Figure 9A When the vertically upward direction is the normal component of the permanent magnet 30, the magnetic circuit distribution diagram of the magnetic element is as follows: Figure 9A As shown. Combined with Figure 9B Shown Figure 9A In the embodiment shown, a magnetic core 10 with a permanent magnet 30 and Figure 1 The table showing the magnetic flux density comparison of the magnetic core 10 without the permanent magnet 30 illustrates that the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 30 and the magnetic flux generated by the winding 20 on the central column 110 and the side column 120 are in opposite directions. Therefore, the maximum magnetic flux density Bmax on the central column 110, the side column 120, and the first magnetic cover 120 and the second magnetic cover 140, which serve as the top and bottom columns respectively, are all reduced to a certain extent. However, because the permanent magnet 30 is located in the magnetic circuit generated by the winding 20 in the magnetic core 10, the permanent magnet 30 itself suffers losses.

[0037] The magnetic element disclosed herein is suitable for miniaturized power adapters ranging from 45W to 300W and can improve the anti-saturation capability of the magnetic core, thereby increasing the peak power of the magnetic element during operation without increasing the size of the magnetic core.

[0038] In one possible embodiment, the magnetic element provided in this disclosure is a wire-wound transformer or a planar transformer.

[0039] In one possible embodiment, the magnetic element provided in this disclosure is applied to a flyback converter circuit.

[0040] In the embodiments disclosed herein, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The concepts of "first," "second," etc., mentioned in this disclosure are only used to distinguish different devices, modules, or units and are not used to define the order of functions performed by these devices, modules, or units or their interdependencies.

[0041] In this disclosure, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0042] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein.

[0043] This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A magnetic element, characterized in that, include: The magnetic core includes a central post and side posts; A winding, wherein the winding is disposed on the central column; A permanent magnet, wherein the permanent magnet is disposed on or embedded in the magnetic core; and An air gap is provided in the middle column or the side column; When the air gap is located on the central column, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the winding on the side column. When the air gap is located on the side column, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the winding on the central column.

2. The magnetic element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic core includes a first magnetic cover and a second magnetic cover. The central column and the side column are simultaneously disposed on the first magnetic cover and the second magnetic cover, or the central column and the side column are disposed on only one of the first magnetic cover and the second magnetic cover.

3. The magnetic element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The permanent magnet is disposed on the surface of the first magnetic cover and / or the second magnetic cover away from the central column and the side column.

4. The magnetic element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The permanent magnet is embedded in the first magnetic cover and / or the second magnetic cover.

5. The magnetic element according to claim 2, characterized in that, On a plane parallel to the first magnetic cover and the second magnetic cover, the projected area of ​​the permanent magnet is less than or equal to the projected area of ​​the first magnetic cover and the second magnetic cover.

6. The magnetic element according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the central column has the air gap, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the central column is greater than the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the side column.

7. The magnetic element according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the side column has the air gap, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the side column is greater than the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the middle column.

8. The magnetic element according to claim 7, characterized in that, The side pillars include a first side pillar and a second side pillar. When the air gap is opened in the first side pillar and the second side pillar, the sum of the effective cross-sectional areas of the first side pillar and the second side pillar is greater than the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the central pillar.

9. The magnetic element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic element is a wire-wound transformer or a planar transformer.

10. The magnetic element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic element is used in the flyback converter circuit.

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