Heat exchange unit, battery pack and electric device

Abstract

The application discloses a heat exchange part, a battery pack and an electric equipment, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The heat exchange part is formed with a heat exchange flow channel for conveying heat exchange liquid. The heat exchange part has a first side for facing a battery module. The first side is formed with a heat exchange area and a pressure relief area. The heat exchange area is used to be in heat conduction connection with the battery module. The pressure relief area is provided with a groove for exhaust of an explosion-proof valve of the battery module. The area of the heat exchange area is S1, and the area of the pressure relief area is S2. 0.1≤S2 / S1≤2. The pressure relief area has sufficient area, and the heat exchange area has sufficient area to contact the battery module. The heat exchange part can provide sufficient exhaust space and channels for the explosion-proof valve. The heat exchange part has good heat dissipation capacity while ensuring the pressure relief capacity of the heat exchange part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a heat exchanger, a battery pack, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, battery packs typically include a heat exchange section and a battery module. The heat exchange section has a pressure relief area and a heat conduction area on the side facing the battery module. However, the distribution of the pressure relief area and the heat conduction area is often unreasonable, resulting in poor pressure relief capacity or poor heat exchange capacity of the heat exchange section. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a heat exchange section, a battery pack, and an electrical device, which improves the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchange section while ensuring its pressure relief capacity.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a heat exchanger is provided, comprising:

[0005] The heat exchange section has a heat exchange flow channel for conveying heat exchange fluid. The heat exchange section has a first side facing the battery module. The first side has a heat exchange area and a pressure relief area. The heat exchange area is used to thermally connect with the battery module. The pressure relief area is provided with a groove for venting the explosion-proof valve of the battery module. The area of ​​the heat exchange area is S1, and the area of ​​the pressure relief area is S2, wherein 0.1≤S2 / S1≤2.

[0006] Optionally, multiple heat exchange zones are provided, and the multiple heat exchange zones are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the heat exchange section;

[0007] Multiple pressure relief zones are provided, and each pressure relief zone is located between two adjacent heat exchange zones.

[0008] Optionally, the groove extends along the length of the heat exchange section.

[0009] Optionally, the heat exchange section includes:

[0010] flow channel plate; and,

[0011] A flat plate is disposed on one side of the flow channel plate. The flat plate is used for thermally connecting with the battery module, and the flat plate and the flow channel plate surround each other to form the heat exchange flow channel for conveying heat exchange fluid.

[0012] The thermal conductivity of the flow channel plate is less than that of the planar plate.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a thermal insulation layer, wherein the thermal insulation layer is provided on the side of the flow channel plate away from the flat plate and / or on the side facing the flat plate, and the thermal insulation layer is integrally formed with the flow channel plate.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes an insulating and thermally conductive layer, which is disposed on the side of the planar plate opposite to the flow channel plate and is used for thermally conductive connection with the battery module. The insulating and thermally conductive layer is integrally formed with the planar plate.

[0015] According to a second aspect of this application, a battery pack is provided, including a heat exchange section and a battery module as described above, wherein the battery module is thermally connected to the heat exchange section.

[0016] Optionally, the battery module includes a battery cell and a heat exchanger. The terminal of the battery cell is thermally connected to the heat exchange section through the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has a connection surface facing the heat exchange section, and the area of ​​the connection surface is S3, where 0.2≤S1 / S3≤4.

[0017] Optionally, the heat exchange section is located on the top of the battery module;

[0018] The battery pack also includes a bottom heat exchanger, which is located at the bottom of the battery module and is thermally connected to the bottom of the battery module.

[0019] According to a third aspect of this application, an electrical device is provided, including a battery pack as described above.

[0020] In the heat exchange section of this application embodiment, the heat exchange function and the safety pressure relief function are integrated into the same heat exchange component, avoiding the need for separate additional space or components for pressure relief. This greatly improves the space utilization rate inside the battery pack and helps to increase the energy density of the battery pack. The heat exchange area is thermally connected to the battery module, ensuring that the heat of the battery during charging and discharging can be effectively transferred away through the heat exchange fluid, maintaining the battery pack at a suitable temperature and ensuring performance and lifespan. The groove in the pressure relief area is specially designed for the explosion-proof valve of the battery module. When the battery pack experiences thermal runaway due to overheating, internal short circuit, or other reasons, the explosion-proof valve can open in time, and the internal high-pressure gas can be safely discharged through the groove, preventing pressure accumulation that could lead to an explosion or a more serious chain reaction. The setting of 0.1≤S2 / S1≤2 ensures that the pressure relief area has sufficient area while also ensuring that the heat exchange area has sufficient contact area with the battery module. This allows the heat exchange section to provide sufficient exhaust space and channels for the explosion-proof valve, ensuring the pressure relief capacity of the heat exchange section while also providing good heat dissipation capacity.

[0021] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the battery pack shown.

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the heat exchange section and the ballast plate in the battery pack.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchanger (from one perspective) provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the heat exchange section shown.

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of part A shown below;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchanger (from another perspective) provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 An exploded schematic diagram of the heat exchange section shown.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a planar plate (from one perspective) provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a planar plate (from another perspective) provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 100. Battery pack; 10. Heat exchange section; 11. Heat exchange channel; 12. First side; 121. Heat exchange area; 122. Pressure relief area; 13. Groove; 14. Flow channel plate; 15. Flat plate; 151. Second side; 16. Insulation layer; 17. Insulating and heat-conducting layer; 181. Positioning part; 182. Mating part; 19. Boss; 20. Battery module; 21. Battery cell; 22. Battery plate; 30. Bottom heat exchange component. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0037] This application provides an electrical device, including a battery pack 100, as shown in the reference. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery pack 100 includes a heat exchange section 10 and a battery module 20, and the battery module 20 is thermally connected to the heat exchange section 10.

[0038] It should be noted that the electrical equipment can be vehicles, energy storage power supplies, consumer electronics, medical equipment, or smart cities, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit this.

[0039] Reference Figures 3 to 6 The heat exchange section 10 has a heat exchange flow channel 11 for conveying heat exchange fluid. The heat exchange section 10 has a first side 12 facing the battery module 20. The first side 12 has a heat exchange area 121 and a pressure relief area 122. The heat exchange area 121 is used to thermally connect with the battery module 20. The pressure relief area 122 is provided with a groove 13 for venting the explosion-proof valve of the battery module 20. The area of ​​the heat exchange area 121 is S1, and the area of ​​the pressure relief area 122 is S2, wherein 0.1≤S2 / S1≤2.

[0040] In the heat exchange section 10 of this application embodiment, the heat exchange function and the safety pressure relief function are integrated into the same heat exchange section 10, avoiding the need for separate additional space or components for pressure relief, greatly improving the space utilization rate inside the battery pack 100, and helping to improve the energy density of the battery pack 100. The heat exchange zone 121 is thermally connected to the battery module 20, ensuring that the heat of the battery module 20 during charging and discharging can be effectively transferred away through the heat exchange fluid, maintaining the battery pack 100 at a suitable temperature, and ensuring performance and lifespan. The groove 13 of the pressure relief zone 122 is specially designed for the explosion-proof valve of the battery module 20. When the battery pack 100 experiences thermal runaway due to overheating, internal short circuit, or other reasons, the explosion-proof valve can open in time, and the internal high-pressure gas can be safely discharged through the groove 13, preventing pressure accumulation from leading to an explosion or more serious chain reaction. The setting of 0.1≤S2 / S1≤2 ensures that the pressure relief zone 122 has sufficient area while ensuring that the heat exchange zone 121 has sufficient area to contact the battery module 20. This allows the heat exchange section 10 to provide sufficient exhaust space and channel for the explosion-proof valve, ensuring the pressure relief capacity of the heat exchange section 10 while also enabling the heat exchange section 10 to have good heat dissipation capacity.

[0041] If the area of ​​the pressure relief zone 122 is too large, resulting in an S2 / S1 ratio greater than 2, it will encroach on the area of ​​the heat exchange zone 121, weakening the overall heat dissipation performance. If the area of ​​the pressure relief zone 122 is too small, resulting in an S2 / S1 ratio less than 0.1, it may cause obstruction of venting, preventing timely pressure release and increasing safety risks. If the area of ​​the heat exchange zone 121 is too small, resulting in an S2 / S1 ratio greater than 2, the contact area between the heat exchange fluid and the battery module 20 will be significantly reduced. This will prevent the heat generated by the battery module 20 from being carried away by the heat exchange fluid in time, causing the battery temperature to continue to rise. If the area of ​​the heat exchange zone 121 is too large, resulting in an S2 / S1 ratio less than 0.1, it will encroach on the area of ​​the pressure relief zone 122, causing the area of ​​the pressure relief zone 122 to become too small, thus obstructing venting and preventing timely pressure release, increasing safety risks.

[0042] It should be noted that the values ​​of S2 / S1 can be selected as needed. For example, the values ​​of S2 / S1 can be 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, or 2, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit the values ​​of S2 / S1.

[0043] Furthermore, when the heat exchange section 10 comes into contact with the battery module 20, that is, the periphery of the groove 13 is sealed against the battery module 20, forming a closed pressure relief channel between the inner wall of the groove 13 and the end face of the battery module 20. When the internal pressure of the cell 21 is too high and the explosion-proof valve opens, the high-temperature discharge material is discharged through the closed pressure relief channel, preventing pressure from accumulating inside the cell 21, thereby reducing the risk of cell 21 rupture or explosion. In addition, since the periphery of the groove 13 is sealed against the end face of the battery module 20, the high-temperature discharge material will not leak from the sealed contact point between the periphery of the groove 13 and the end face of the battery module 20, thus preventing the high-temperature discharge material from spreading to the cell 21 or electrical unit adjacent to the periphery of the groove 13, reducing the safety hazards and chain reaction risks of the battery pack 100. This pressure relief channel design enables thermoelectric separation, allowing the thermal runaway pressure relief zone 122 to be independent of the power transmission zone, significantly reducing the probability of internal high-voltage arcing and sparking failure during thermal runaway.

[0044] It should be noted that in the relevant technology, the battery pack 100 casing is provided with an air duct connected to the pressure relief channel. One end of the air duct is connected to the pressure relief channel, and the other end is connected to the outside atmosphere, thereby enabling the smooth discharge of high-temperature ejected waste. Since the technology for the specific structure of the air duct is already mature, it will not be described in detail here.

[0045] Furthermore, the groove 13 is positioned directly above the explosion-proof valve, and the heat exchange channel 11 is positioned at the top of the terminal post of the battery cell 21 and is thermally connected to the top of the terminal post. Thus, the groove 13, positioned directly above the explosion-proof valve, provides a direct and precise channel for the valve to release gas. When an abnormality occurs in the battery cell 21 (such as overheating or overcharging), causing the explosion-proof valve to open, gas can be quickly and directionally discharged through the groove 13, preventing gas accumulation inside the battery pack 100, effectively reducing the risk of explosion or fire, and improving overall safety. The heat exchange channel 11, positioned at the top of the terminal post of the battery cell 21 and thermally connected to the top of the terminal post, can directly dissipate heat from the core heat-generating area of ​​the battery cell 21. As a key component for current transmission in the battery cell 21, the terminal post generates a significant amount of heat during operation. The heat exchange fluid transported through the heat exchange channel 11 can quickly remove this heat, reducing the terminal post temperature and preventing performance degradation or safety hazards caused by overheating.

[0046] Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4In some embodiments, multiple heat exchange zones 121 are provided, and these multiple heat exchange zones 121 are spaced apart along the width direction of the heat exchange section 10. In this way, different positions of the battery module 20 can effectively contact multiple heat exchange zones 121 along the width direction of the heat exchange section 10, avoiding the "temperature gradient" problem that may occur with a single large-area heat exchange zone 121, resulting in poor heat dissipation at the edges and good heat dissipation at the center. This ensures a more uniform overall temperature of the battery module 20, which is beneficial for improving battery life and consistency. Furthermore, the battery module 20 is typically composed of multiple individual battery cells 21 arranged side-by-side. Designing multiple heat exchange zones 121 and aligning their positions with the heat source areas of the battery cells 21 allows for more precise thermal conductivity connections and improves heat exchange efficiency. Multiple pressure relief zones 122 are provided, with each pressure relief zone 122 located between two adjacent heat exchange zones 121. This placement of the pressure relief zones 122 between adjacent heat exchange zones 121 makes the pressure relief zones 122 more closely match the position of the explosion-proof valve of the battery module 20. When the internal pressure of the battery module 20 is too high, the explosion-proof valve opens to release gas, allowing the gas to be discharged quickly and smoothly through the pressure relief zone 122. This prevents gas accumulation and further pressure increase caused by obstructed pressure relief channels, effectively reducing the risk of battery pack 100 explosion. The spaced heat exchange zones 121 and pressure relief zones 122 facilitate the thermal connection between the heat exchange zone 121 and the battery module 20, as well as the connection between the pressure relief zone 122 and the explosion-proof valve during the installation of the heat exchange unit 10 with the battery module 20.

[0047] In some embodiments, the groove 13 extends along the length of the heat exchange section 10. This forms a continuous "exhaust corridor" or "exhaust channel." When the explosion-proof valves of one or more cells 21 in the battery module 20 open, the generated high-temperature, high-pressure gas can immediately enter this long groove and rapidly diffuse and exit along its length. Compared to an isolated, dotted, or short pit, the elongated groove 13 provides a larger flow cross-section and a smoother flow path, significantly reducing gas exhaust resistance, releasing pressure more quickly, and preventing localized pressure buildup. A groove 13 extending along its length can simultaneously provide exhaust services for the explosion-proof valves of multiple cells 21 arranged side-by-side above it. Since the cells 21 in the battery module 20 are typically arranged along their length, setting the groove 13 along its length perfectly matches the arrangement of multiple cells 21, allowing the groove 13 to precisely cover the explosion-proof valve positions of a row of cells 21, resulting in a reasonable layout and high space utilization.

[0048] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8In some embodiments, the heat exchange section 10 includes a flow channel plate 14 and a flat plate 15. The flat plate 15 is disposed on one side of the flow channel plate 14 and is used for thermally conductive connection with the battery module 20. The flat plate 15 and the flow channel plate 14 form a heat exchange flow channel 11 for conveying heat exchange fluid. The thermal conductivity of the flow channel plate 14 is less than that of the flat plate 15. Since the flat plate 15 is in direct contact with the battery module 20, the flat plate 15 needs to quickly transfer the heat generated by the battery module 20 to the heat exchange flow channel 11 and exchange heat with the heat exchange fluid. By making the thermal conductivity of the flat plate 15 greater than that of the flow channel plate 14, the contact thermal resistance of the flat plate 15 can be reduced, ensuring that the heat of the battery module 20 can be efficiently transferred, and avoiding local overheating of the battery module 20 that could lead to performance degradation or safety risks. The flow channel plate 14 is designed with a low thermal conductivity, which allows it to not only form a heat exchange channel 11 with the flat plate 15, but also to serve as a heat insulation function. This reduces the heat or cold energy from the external environment that is exchanged between the flow channel plate 14 and the heat exchange fluid, allowing the heat or cold energy of the heat exchange fluid to be transferred more concentratedly to the battery module 20 through the flat plate 15, thereby improving the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange fluid and the battery module 20.

[0049] In one embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the flow channel plate 14 is TC1, where TC1 < 237 W / (m·K). The main function of the flow channel plate 14 is to form a liquid-cooled flow channel and withstand the pressure of the heat exchange fluid, rather than directly participating in heat conduction. If the thermal conductivity of the flow channel plate 14 is too high, the external environment will exchange heat with the heat exchange fluid in the heat exchange channel 11 through the flow channel plate 14, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange fluid and the battery module 20. By limiting TC1 to < 237 W / (m·K), it can be ensured that heat is preferentially transferred to the flow channel through the high thermal conductivity flat plate 15, reducing the thermal interference of the flow channel plate 14. In addition, the lower the thermal conductivity of the flow channel plate 14, the lower the material density is generally. When the thermal conductivity of the flow channel plate 14 is less than 237 W / (m·K), the weight of the flow channel plate 14 can be reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the heat exchange section 10. In addition, when the thermal conductivity of the flow channel plate 14 is greater than or equal to 237 W / (m·K), the external environment will exchange heat with the heat exchange fluid of the heat exchange channel 11 through the flow channel plate 14, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange fluid and the battery module 20.

[0050] It should be noted that materials with a thermal conductivity lower than 237 W / (m·K) include aluminum alloys, stainless steel, and engineering plastics. Therefore, the material of the flow channel plate 14 can include aluminum alloys, stainless steel, or engineering plastics. Specifically, this application does not limit the material of the flow channel plate 14.

[0051] Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of the planar plate 15 is in the range of TC2, where TC2 is ≥237 W / (m·K). Thus, the planar plate 15, with a thermal conductivity ≥237 W / (m·K), can quickly conduct the heat generated by the battery module 20 to the heat exchange section 10, avoiding localized overheating. Materials with high thermal conductivity typically have low density, which can reduce the weight of the heat exchange section 10 while ensuring heat exchange efficiency. When the thermal conductivity of the planar plate 15 is less than 237 W / (m·K), the heat generated by the battery module 20 cannot be quickly conducted to the heat exchange section 10, leading to localized overheating of the battery module 20.

[0052] It should be noted that the material used to manufacture the planar plate 15 can be selected as needed. For example, the material used to manufacture the planar plate 15 may include pure aluminum, copper, copper-aluminum composite materials, or high thermal conductivity graphite materials, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit this.

[0053] Continue to refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, the heat exchange section 10 further includes an insulation layer 16. The insulation layer 16 is provided on the side of the flow channel plate 14 facing away from the flat plate 15 and / or the side facing the flat plate 15, and the insulation layer 16 is integrally formed with the flow channel plate 14. Thus, the insulation layer 16 effectively blocks heat exchange between the heat exchange fluid in the flow channel plate 14 and the external environment, improving the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange fluid in the heat exchange channel 11 and the battery module 20. If the insulation layer 16 and the flow channel plate 14 are separate, additional connection methods are required for fixation. These connection points may be prone to loosening or detachment, affecting the insulation effect and structural stability. The integral form eliminates these connection points, avoiding malfunctions caused by connection problems and improving the reliability of the heat exchange section 10. The integral form of the insulation layer 16 and the flow channel plate 14 reduces the number of processes and assembly steps in the production process, lowers labor costs, and greatly simplifies the installation process, improving installation efficiency.

[0054] In one embodiment, the flow channel plate 14 is coated with insulation material on the side facing away from the planar plate 15 and / or the side facing the planar plate 15 to form an insulation layer 16 integrally formed with the flow channel plate 14. Thus, insulation material can be applied to one or both sides of the flow channel plate 14, effectively reducing heat loss from the heat exchange fluid in the heat exchange channel 11 to the external environment, allowing more heat to be transferred towards the planar plate 15, and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery module 20. The insulation layer 16 and the flow channel plate 14 are integrally formed through a coating process, with no obvious connection interface between them, eliminating problems such as loosening or detachment due to weak connection between the flow channel plate 14 and the insulation layer 16. The coated insulation layer 16 is thinner and fits more closely to the surface of the flow channel plate 14, making the heat exchange section 10 more compact, thereby effectively reducing the space required for installation. The coating process allows the insulation layer 16 to be coated directly during the production of the flow channel plate 14 without the need for additional assembly steps. This greatly simplifies the production process and improves the production of the heat exchange section 10.

[0055] It should be noted that the shape of the flow channel plate 14 may be quite complex, with various curved surfaces and grooves. The coating process has good adaptability and can uniformly coat the insulation material on the side of the flow channel plate 14 away from the flat plate 15 and / or the side facing the flat plate 15, thereby improving the insulation effect of the insulation layer 16 on the flow channel plate 14.

[0056] In one embodiment, the thickness of the insulation layer 16 along the direction from the flow channel plate 14 to the planar plate 15 is H2, where 0.5mm ≤ H2 ≤ 20mm. Thus, when H2 is within this range, the insulation layer 16 can provide sufficient thermal resistance to prevent heat exchange between the heat exchange fluid in the heat exchange channel 11 and the external environment, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange fluid for the battery module 20. This allows the battery module 20 to reach a suitable operating temperature more quickly, improving its performance and lifespan. The thickness range of 0.5mm-20mm allows the insulation layer 16 to reasonably control the amount of insulation material used while meeting insulation requirements, avoiding material waste and excessive costs. Furthermore, when the thickness of the insulation layer 16 is less than 0.5mm, the insulation effect is poor. When the thickness of the insulation layer 16 is greater than 20mm, it increases the production cost and results in a larger overall thickness of the heat exchange section 10, requiring a larger installation space to install the heat exchange section 10. This reduces the space available for installing the battery module 20 within the battery pack 100, leading to a decrease in the battery pack 100's electrical capacity.

[0057] It should be noted that the thickness of the insulation layer 16 can be selected as needed. For example, the thickness of the insulation layer 16 can be 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 8mm, 9.5mm, 10mm, 11.5mm, 12mm, 13.5mm, 15mm, 16.5mm, 18mm, 18.5mm, 19mm, or 20mm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit the thickness of the insulation layer 16.

[0058] Refer again Figure 8 In some embodiments, the heat exchange section 10 further includes an insulating thermally conductive layer 17, which is used for thermally conductive connection with the battery module 20. The insulating thermally conductive layer 17 is integrally formed with the planar plate 15. This integral structure eliminates significant contact thermal resistance between the planar plate 15 and the insulating thermally conductive layer 17, improving the heat exchange efficiency between the battery module 20 and the heat exchange section 10. The integrated design allows for uniform conduction and dissipation of heat generated by the battery module 20, preventing localized overheating and improving the overall operational stability and reliability of the battery module 20. The integral molding of the insulating thermally conductive layer 17 and the planar plate 15 eliminates insulation gaps or weak points caused by loose assembly or connection, effectively preventing leakage between the battery module 20 and the heat exchange section 10 and ensuring safe operation. During long-term use, the integral structure prevents loosening or separation between the insulating thermally conductive layer 17 and the planar plate 15 due to environmental factors (such as vibration and temperature changes), ensuring long-term stability of insulation performance and reducing safety hazards caused by insulation failure. The integrated design reduces the number of parts and simplifies the design of the heat exchange section 10. Compared with the traditional split structure, it eliminates the need for additional connecting parts and complex assembly processes, making the entire heat dissipation system more compact and lightweight, which helps save space and reduce weight, meeting the miniaturization and lightweight design requirements of the battery module 20.

[0059] It should be noted that the material of the insulating and thermally conductive layer 17 can be selected as needed. For example, the material of the insulating and thermally conductive layer 17 includes at least one of epoxy resin, polyimide, and polytetrafluoroethylene. Specifically, this application does not limit the specific type of material of the insulating and thermally conductive layer 17.

[0060] In one embodiment, an insulating and thermally conductive material is coated on the side of the planar plate 15 facing away from the flow channel plate 14 to form an insulating and thermally conductive layer 17 integrally formed with the planar plate 15. This coating process ensures that the insulating and thermally conductive material adheres tightly to the planar plate 15, eliminating the contact thermal resistance caused by uneven contact surfaces or air gaps in traditional assembly methods. Heat can be transferred more rapidly from the planar plate 15 to the insulating and thermally conductive layer 17, and then from the insulating and thermally conductive layer 17 to the battery module 20, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency. This helps maintain the battery module 20 and other devices at suitable operating temperatures, improving their performance and lifespan. Furthermore, the coating process is relatively simple and can be performed directly during the production of the planar plate 15 without additional assembly steps, improving production efficiency. Additionally, the amount of insulating and thermally conductive material used can be precisely controlled according to actual needs, avoiding material waste.

[0061] In one embodiment, the thickness of the insulating thermally conductive layer 17 along the direction from the flow channel plate 14 to the planar plate 15 is H1, wherein 0.1mm ≤ H1 ≤ 0.5mm. Within this thickness range, the insulating thermally conductive layer 17 can effectively block current conduction, providing reliable electrical isolation between the planar plate 15 and the battery module 20, preventing leakage and short circuits between the heat exchange section 10 and the battery module 20, and ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel. Furthermore, a thickness of 0.1mm-0.5mm can minimize heat transfer resistance while ensuring insulation, improving the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange section 10.

[0062] When the thickness of the insulating thermally conductive layer 17 is less than 0.1 mm, it may not provide sufficient electrical insulation strength and is prone to breakdown under voltage, leading to leakage or even short circuits, causing safety accidents and threatening equipment and personnel safety. When the thickness of the insulating thermally conductive layer 17 is greater than 0.5 mm, it slows down the heat transfer rate and reduces heat exchange efficiency, preventing the heat generated by components such as the battery module 20 from being dissipated in time, easily causing local overheating and affecting battery performance and lifespan. A thickness greater than 0.5 mm increases the overall thickness and weight of the heat exchange section 10 and is detrimental to its compact design.

[0063] It should be noted that the thickness of the insulating and thermally conductive layer 17 can be selected as needed. For example, the thickness of the insulating and thermally conductive layer 17 can be 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.18mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.28mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.39mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, or 0.5mm, etc. Specifically, this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0064] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10In one embodiment, the planar plate 15 further has a second side 151 facing the flow channel plate 14. The second side 151 is provided with a positioning part 181. The flow channel plate 14 is provided with a mating part 182 adapted to the positioning part 181 on the side facing the planar plate 15. One of the positioning part 181 and the mating part 182 includes a positioning protrusion, and the other includes a positioning groove. In this way, the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove are installed together. This mating method not only ensures the accurate relative position between the flow channel plate 14 and the planar plate 15, but also enhances the connection stability between the two, avoids misalignment of the flow channel plate 14 and the planar plate 15 due to vibration, impact and other factors, and improves the subsequent welding quality of the flow channel plate 14 and the planar plate 15.

[0065] Reference Figure 6 In one embodiment, the planar plate 15 has a partial recess on the side opposite to the flow channel plate 14, correspondingly protruding on the second side 151. This forms a groove 13 on the side of the planar plate 15 opposite to the flow channel plate 14, and a positioning protrusion on the second side 151. Thus, a stamping process is used to achieve a partial recess on the side of the planar plate 15 opposite to the flow channel plate 14, while simultaneously creating a corresponding protrusion on the second side 151. Compared to other processing methods, such as machining, stamping eliminates the need for material removal; instead, it directly forms the plate through rapid extrusion using a die, significantly shortening processing time and improving the production efficiency of the planar plate 15. During the stamping process, the material undergoes plastic deformation under the action of the die, resulting in work hardening at the recessed side of the planar plate 15 opposite to the flow channel plate 14 and the protruding part on the second side 151. This work hardening increases the strength and hardness of the material, enhancing the overall structural strength of the planar plate 15, enabling it to better withstand external loads and vibrations, and extending the service life of the heat exchange section 10.

[0066] Reference Figure 6 In one embodiment, the portion of the flow channel plate 14 facing away from the planar plate 15 is recessed towards the planar plate 15, forming a corresponding boss 19 on the side of the flow channel plate 14 facing the planar plate 15. Thus, by using a stamping process, the portion of the flow channel plate 14 facing away from the planar plate 15 is recessed towards the planar plate 15, forming a corresponding boss 19 on the side of the flow channel plate 14 facing the planar plate 15. Compared to other processing methods, such as machining, stamping eliminates the need for material removal piece by piece; instead, it directly forms the flow channel plate through rapid extrusion by a die, significantly shortening processing time and improving the production efficiency of the flow channel plate 14. During the stamping process, the material undergoes plastic deformation under the action of the die, resulting in work hardening of the flow channel plate 14 at the recessed and corresponding boss 19 locations. This work hardening increases the strength and hardness of the material, enhancing the overall structural strength of the flow channel plate 14, enabling it to better withstand external loads and vibrations, and extending the service life of the heat exchange section 10.

[0067] It should be noted that the boss 19 is thermally connected to the flat plate 15, which allows heat to be transferred more evenly from the flow channel plate 14 to the flat plate 15. On the flat plate 15, heat can dissipate more quickly, avoiding local overheating or undercooling, improving the uniformity of temperature distribution within the battery module 20, which helps to improve the performance and consistency of the battery pack 100 and extend its service life.

[0068] In one embodiment, the planar plate 15 and the flow channel plate 14 are fixed by brazing. In this way, the brazing fills the gap between the planar plate 15 and the flow channel plate 14 with molten filler metal, forming a metallurgical bond with high strength, capable of withstanding significant pressure and vibration, ensuring that the heat exchange channel 11 will not loosen or leak during long-term use. When the battery pack 100 is frequently charged and discharged or subjected to external vibrations, the brazed connection maintains stable performance, reducing the risk of failure due to connection failure. The dense weld seam formed by brazing effectively prevents heat exchange fluid from leaking from the heat exchange channel 11, avoiding performance degradation or safety hazards caused by leakage. The brazing material typically has good corrosion resistance, resisting the erosion of chemicals that may be present in the heat exchange fluid, extending the service life of the heat exchange channel 11. The extremely low thermal resistance of the brazed connection ensures rapid heat transfer between the planar plate 15 and the flow channel plate 14, improving the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange channel 11 and the battery cell 21. The uniform weld seam formed by brazing ensures even heat distribution within the flow channels, preventing localized overheating or undercooling and improving the temperature consistency of the battery pack 100. Brazing eliminates the need for additional fasteners (such as bolts and nuts), reducing the number of components, simplifying the structure, and making the battery pack 100 more compact. This compact design helps optimize internal space utilization and improve energy density.

[0069] It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the method of fixing the planar plate 15 and the flow channel plate 14 can be selected as needed. For example, in some embodiments, the planar plate 15 and the flow channel plate 14 can also be fixedly connected by screws or by adhesive. Specifically, this application does not limit this.

[0070] Continue to refer to Figure 6In one embodiment, a positioning groove is provided through the flow channel plate 14 along the direction from the side of the flat plate 15 away from the flow channel plate 14 to the second side 151. This through-hole design provides a clear positioning reference for the installation of the flow channel plate 14. During installation, the operator can quickly and accurately install the flow channel plate 14 and the flat plate 15 to the designated position by inserting the positioning protrusion of the flat plate 15 into the positioning groove, improving the assembly efficiency of the flat plate 15 and the flow channel plate 14. Furthermore, the through-hole design allows the solder to be discharged promptly during the flow process, avoiding local accumulation within the groove. This helps reduce the problem of excessive solder residue after welding and reduces the thickness unevenness of the weld joint. Uniform solder coating reduces stress concentration in the weld joint, improving its strength and reliability. Simultaneously, uniform solder distribution also helps reduce defects such as porosity and cracks during the welding process.

[0071] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments, the battery module 20 includes a battery cell 21 and a heat exchanger 22. The terminal of the battery cell 21 is thermally connected to the heat exchange section 10 via the heat exchanger 22. The heat exchanger 22 has a connection surface facing the heat exchange section 10, and the area of ​​the connection surface is S3, where 0.2 ≤ S1 / S3 ≤ 4. Within this ratio range, a suitable contact area can be ensured between the heat exchanger 22 and the heat exchange section 10 for heat exchange, allowing the heat on the heat exchanger 22 to be sufficiently transferred to the heat exchange section 10. This avoids heat accumulation near the heat exchanger 22 due to insufficient area of ​​the heat exchange zone 121, which could cause the battery cell 21 to overheat, affecting battery performance and lifespan. Within this ratio range, suitable materials and sizes can be selected while meeting thermal management requirements, achieving effective cost control. As the connecting component between the terminal of the battery cell 21 and the heat exchange section 10, the heat exchanger 22 needs to withstand a certain amount of mechanical stress. When 0.2≤S1 / S3≤4, stress concentration can be effectively reduced, and the structural durability of battery pack 100 can be improved.

[0072] Furthermore, if the connection area S3 of the heat exchanger 22 is too large, resulting in S1 / S3 being less than 0.2, it means that a large amount of heat is input into the heat exchange section 10 through the heat exchanger 22, causing heat to concentrate locally in the heat exchange zone 121, affecting the efficiency of the heat exchange fluid and the life of the materials. If the heat exchange zone 121 S1 is much larger than the connection area S3 of the heat exchanger 22, resulting in S1 / S3 being greater than 4, it means that the potential of the heat exchange section 10 is not being fully utilized, resulting in waste.

[0073] Refer again Figure 2In some embodiments, the heat exchange section 10 is located at the top of the battery module 20, and the battery pack 100 also includes a bottom heat exchange component 30, which is located at the bottom of the battery module 20 and is thermally connected to the bottom of the battery module 20. In this way, heat from the battery module 20 can be carried away simultaneously from both the top and bottom, which greatly increases the effective heat dissipation surface area and allows for faster heat dissipation from the cells 21, effectively controlling the maximum operating temperature of the battery under high-rate charging / discharging or high-temperature environments, and preventing overheating. Simultaneous cooling from the top and bottom effectively evens out the temperature difference of the cells 21 along their height, resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution throughout the cells 21. This helps improve the consistency, cycle life, and safety of the battery pack.

[0074] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0075] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0076] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0077] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A heat exchange unit, characterized in that, The heat exchange section has a heat exchange flow channel for conveying heat exchange fluid. The heat exchange section has a first side facing the battery module. The first side has a heat exchange area and a pressure relief area. The heat exchange area is used to thermally connect with the battery module. The pressure relief area is provided with a groove for venting the explosion-proof valve of the battery module. The area of ​​the heat exchange area is S1, and the area of ​​the pressure relief area is S2, wherein 0.1≤S2 / S1≤2.

2. The heat exchange unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple heat exchange zones are provided, and the multiple heat exchange zones are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the heat exchange section; Multiple pressure relief zones are provided, and each pressure relief zone is located between two adjacent heat exchange zones.

3. The heat exchange section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The groove extends along the length of the heat exchange section.

4. The heat exchange section according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The heat exchange section includes: flow channel plate; and, A flat plate is disposed on one side of the flow channel plate. The flat plate is used for thermally connecting with the battery module, and the flat plate and the flow channel plate surround each other to form the heat exchange flow channel for conveying heat exchange fluid. The thermal conductivity of the flow channel plate is less than that of the planar plate.

5. The heat exchange section according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a thermal insulation layer, which is provided on the side of the flow channel plate away from the flat plate and / or on the side facing the flat plate, and the thermal insulation layer is integrally formed with the flow channel plate.

6. The heat exchange section according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an insulating and thermally conductive layer, which is disposed on the side of the planar plate away from the flow channel plate and is used for thermal connection with the battery module. The insulating and thermally conductive layer is integrally formed with the planar plate.

7. A battery pack, characterized in that, include The heat exchange section as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; A battery module, wherein the battery module is thermally connected to the heat exchange unit.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, The battery module includes a battery cell and a heat exchanger. The terminal of the battery cell is thermally connected to the heat exchanger through the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has a connection surface facing the heat exchanger, and the area of ​​the connection surface is S3, where 0.2≤S1 / S3≤4.

9. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heat exchange section is located on the top of the battery module; The battery pack also includes a bottom heat exchanger, which is located at the bottom of the battery module and is thermally connected to the bottom of the battery module.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 7 to 9.

Images