A square aluminum shell battery with integrated heat dissipation function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a square aluminum shell battery with integrated heat dissipation function, including the upper cover board setting is sealed at square aluminum shell, negative pole, positive pole is located the upper cover board outer surface both sides, and the recessed place of positive pole and negative pole is equipped with the lead -out sheet, and the busbar is located the pole lug top of lithium electric core, and the busbar covers distribution is in the both ends of lithium electric core, and two groups of lithium electric core are built -in in square aluminum shell, and the heat -conducting baffle is placed between two groups of lithium electric core, and the buffer layer interval is used between lithium electric core and square aluminum shell, and the external surface distribution of square aluminum shell before and after is a plurality of hexagonal recess, and hexagonal recess is along the uniform distribution of circumferential radial array, through the innovation heat dissipation structure design, shorten the heat conduction path, increase unit heat dissipation area, cooperate the integrated heat dissipation structure, reduced the assembly difficulty in the battery production process. Through the structure of simplification makes the battery space utilization rate promotion, is helpful to improve battery energy density, realizes the lightweight of battery and high power heat dissipation demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lithium-ion battery technology, specifically to a square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation function. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and other fields. However, traditional square aluminum-cased batteries are prone to uneven temperature distribution due to heat accumulation under high energy density or high-rate charge / discharge scenarios, affecting battery performance and safety. Existing heat dissipation solutions, such as natural convection cooling or simple air cooling designs, often fail to meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-rate applications, leading to an increased risk of battery thermal runaway and reduced cycle life. In addition, while some technologies using liquid cooling or novel phase change materials can improve heat dissipation efficiency, they suffer from complex structures, high costs, and difficult maintenance, hindering large-scale applications.

[0003] Currently, there is still a lack of a technical solution for optimizing the heat dissipation of prismatic aluminum-cased batteries that balances efficient heat dissipation, large-capacity storage, and structural simplicity. Especially in ultra-fast / overcharge / discharge applications, effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency and maintaining temperature uniformity becomes a critical issue that urgently needs to be addressed, given the significant increase in battery pack size and weight without the addition of cooling devices. Therefore, it is necessary to design a prismatic aluminum-cased battery with good heat dissipation and rapid thermal feedback to improve the safety and cycle stability of the battery system and meet the application requirements of high energy density.

[0004] For example, in the existing patents, CN219717002U provides a thermally conductive buffer component and battery, CN219716973U provides a battery heat dissipation structure and battery, and CN219937151U provides a square aluminum shell battery with high heat dissipation performance. When the heat generated inside the battery exceeds the critical threshold, the existing battery structure has the following technical defects: (1) The surface of the cell is attached with a metal heat sink, which transfers heat to the outside through heat transfer. However, the contact area between the heat sink and the battery is limited, and the thermal conductivity is poor in the direction perpendicular to the internal electrode of the battery. It is difficult to quickly dissipate the heat accumulated inside by relying solely on the surface of the aluminum shell, forming a local high temperature area, which cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power batteries. (2) The cell and the heat dissipation device are encapsulated as a whole with sealant to form an integrated battery structure. When the heat dissipation device fails, the damaged heat dissipation component cannot be replaced separately. The disassembly process is prone to damage to the battery, and the battery structure design is more complex, increasing the difficulty of the process.

[0005] Therefore, a square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation function is needed. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation. It aims to overcome the difficulties of poor heat conduction, localized high temperatures, and the need for additional battery weight in heat dissipation devices in existing square aluminum-cased batteries by designing an integrated heat dissipation structure to meet the requirements for uniform and rapid heat dissipation. Simultaneously, this integrated heat dissipation structure can accurately monitor changes in the battery's internal temperature and optimize the heat transfer path, thereby significantly improving the safety and reliability of the square aluminum-cased battery under conditions such as fast charging and overcharging.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation function, including an upper cover plate disposed at the sealing point of the square aluminum shell, negative and positive terminals located on both sides of the outer surface of the upper cover plate, lead-out plates provided in the inner recesses of the positive and negative terminals, liquid injection holes located on the outer sides of the negative and positive terminals, an explosion-proof valve provided at the middle position of the upper cover plate in the square aluminum shell, a busbar located at the top of the tabs of the lithium battery cells, and the busbar covering both ends of the lithium battery cells, two sets of lithium battery cells built into the square aluminum shell, a thermally conductive partition plate placed between the two sets of lithium battery cells, a buffer layer separating the lithium battery cells and the square aluminum shell, and several hexagonal grooves distributed on the front and rear outer surfaces of the square aluminum shell, and the hexagonal grooves are evenly distributed in a radial array along the circumference.

[0008] Preferably, the side length of the hexagonal groove is 3~5mm, the spacing between the hexagonal grooves in the same radial direction is 5~10mm, and the spacing between adjacent hexagonal grooves in the radial direction gradually increases as the radial direction extends outward.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the hexagonal groove is 0.4~0.8mm, and the thickness of the hexagonal groove is half the wall thickness of the square aluminum shell side plate.

[0010] Preferably, the two sets of lithium battery cells are connected in parallel to meet the needs of high-rate charging and discharging applications.

[0011] Preferably, the busbar is connected to the lead-out plates inside the positive and negative terminals to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the increased current caused by the two lithium battery cells at the parallel connection position, which leads to local high temperature.

[0012] Preferably, the busbar has an "L" shaped structure, including a horizontal busbar section and a vertical busbar section. The horizontal busbar section is located above the top of the lithium battery cell and is connected to the tabs at both ends of the lithium battery cell. One side of the horizontal busbar section is bent towards both ends of the lithium battery cell to form the vertical busbar section, which covers two sets of parallel lithium battery cells. The busbar is completely connected to the inner surface of the buffer layer.

[0013] Preferably, the square aluminum shell also includes a thermal protection linkage device fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the square aluminum shell by laser welding. The thermal protection linkage device includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and an alarm.

[0014] In summary, this invention provides a square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation. By optimizing the internal heat conduction path, this invention overcomes the limitations of traditional single-direction heat dissipation, achieving multi-dimensional and uniform heat dissipation and effectively avoiding the impact of high temperatures at the parallel connection of dual cells on battery performance. Through innovative heat dissipation structure design, this invention shortens the heat conduction path, increases the unit heat dissipation area, and, combined with the integrated heat dissipation structure, reduces the assembly difficulty during battery production. Simultaneously, by simplifying the structure, this invention improves the utilization rate of internal battery space, contributing to increased battery energy density and meeting the requirements for lightweight and high-power heat dissipation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a square aluminum-cased battery according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a square aluminum-cased battery according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cell structure in an embodiment of the present utility model; In the figure: top cover (1), negative terminal (11), positive terminal (12), explosion-proof valve (13), liquid injection hole (14), aluminum shell (2), hexagonal groove (21), lithium battery cell (3), negative electrode tab (31), positive electrode tab (32), buffer layer (4), thermally conductive partition (5), busbar (6), pressure sensor (7), temperature sensor (8), alarm (9). Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown: Reference Figure 1-3As shown, this embodiment demonstrates a square aluminum-cased battery with excellent heat dissipation, comprising two sets of lithium-ion cells 3, a battery frame, and a thermal protection linkage device. The two sets of lithium-ion cells 3 are connected in parallel to meet high-rate charging and discharging scenarios. A thermally conductive partition 5 is placed between the lithium-ion cells 3 to avoid heat accumulation on opposite sides of the parallel lithium-ion cells 3. The battery frame includes a square aluminum shell 2, a buffer layer 4, a top cover 1, and a busbar 6. Hexagonal grooves 21 are evenly distributed on both sides of the square surface of the square aluminum shell 2, and a certain number of them are provided. The side length of the hexagonal grooves 21 is 3~5mm, preferably 5mm, and the distance between adjacent hexagonal grooves 21 in the same radial direction is 5~10mm, preferably 10mm. mm, the hexagonal grooves on adjacent radial directions extend outwards, and the spacing between the hexagonal grooves gradually increases. The hexagonal groove 21 has a larger surface area than the circular groove of the same size, which increases the unit heat dissipation area of ​​the square aluminum shell 2. The hexagonal groove 21 forms a multi-dimensional heat conduction grid by reconstructing the single heat flow channel of the side plate of the aluminum shell 2. The thickness of the hexagonal groove 21 is 0.4~0.8mm, preferably 0.8mm. The thickness of the hexagonal groove 21 is half the wall thickness of the side plate of the aluminum shell 2, which allows the heat inside the battery to diffuse along the groove structure and improves the overall temperature uniformity. The hexagonal structure of the hexagonal groove 21 can evenly distribute stress and has stronger resistance to torsional loads.

[0018] The buffer layer 4 is in contact with the inner wall of the square aluminum shell 2 on one side and is tightly fitted with two sets of parallel lithium battery cells 3 on the other side to prevent the square aluminum shell 2 battery from being damaged by external forces such as bumps and impacts, thereby improving battery safety.

[0019] The upper cover plate 1 is the sealing point of the square aluminum shell battery 2. The outer surface of the upper cover plate 1 is provided with a negative electrode post 11, a positive electrode post 12, an injection hole 14, and an explosion-proof valve 13. The positive and negative electrode posts 11 are located on both sides of the outer surface of the upper cover plate 1. A lead-out piece is provided in the recessed part of the inner side of the electrode post. The injection hole 14 is located on the outer side of the negative electrode post 11. An explosion-proof valve 13 is provided at the middle position of the upper cover plate 1 in the aluminum shell battery 2. The explosion-proof valve 13 is located between the positive and negative electrode posts 11. The busbar 6 is located at the top of the tab of the lithium battery cell 3, and a busbar 6 is provided at each end.

[0020] The busbar 6 is connected to the positive and negative terminals 11 through the inner lead plate of the terminal, which enhances the heat dissipation effect of the local high temperature caused by the increased current at the parallel position of the two lithium battery cells 3.

[0021] The busbar 6 includes a horizontal busbar portion 61 at the top of the lithium battery cell 3. The horizontal busbar portion 61 is connected to the negative electrode tab 31 and the positive electrode tab 32 at both ends of the lithium battery cell 3. The end of the horizontal busbar portion 61 is bent inward to form a vertical busbar portion 62 that covers the sides of the two sets of parallel lithium battery cells 3. The busbar 6 is L-shaped and is completely connected to the inner surface of the buffer layer 4.

[0022] The thermal protection linkage device includes a temperature sensor 8, a pressure sensor 7, and an alarm 9. The thermal protection linkage device is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the aluminum shell 2 by laser welding. The temperature sensor 8 detects and collects the temperature rise changes of the busbar 6 and the parallel lithium battery cells 3, identifying abnormal temperature rises. The pressure sensor 7 receives the core temperature changes of the lithium battery cells 3 collected by the temperature sensor 8 in real time; abnormal temperature rises trigger the thermal protection measures of the explosion-proof valve 13. The temperature sensor 8 and the pressure sensor 7 are connected to the alarm 9, which adopts an explosion-proof encapsulation process. When an abnormal temperature / pressure is detected, it alerts the user audibly, with the beeping frequency increasing as the danger level rises.

[0023] The embodiments described in this utility model are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of the claims. Other substantially equivalent substitutions that can be conceived by those skilled in the art are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation function, characterized in that, The upper cover plate (1) is set at the sealing position of the square aluminum shell (2). The negative electrode post (11) and the positive electrode post (12) are located on both sides of the outer surface of the upper cover plate (1). The inner recess of the positive and negative electrode posts is provided with lead-out plates. The liquid injection hole (14) is located on the outer side of the negative electrode post (11) and the positive electrode post (12). The upper cover plate (1) is located in the middle of the square aluminum shell (2) and is provided with an explosion-proof valve (13). The busbar (6) is located on the top of the electrode tab of the lithium battery cell (3) and the busbar (6) covers and is distributed at both ends of the lithium battery cell (3). The two sets of lithium battery cells (3) are built into the square aluminum shell (2). A heat-conducting partition plate (5) is placed between the two sets of lithium battery cells (3). A buffer layer (4) is used to separate the lithium battery cell (3) from the square aluminum shell (2). Several hexagonal grooves (21) are distributed on the front and back outer surfaces of the square aluminum shell (2), and the hexagonal grooves (21) are evenly distributed in a radial array along the circumference.

2. A square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side length of the hexagonal groove (21) is 3~5mm, the distance between the hexagonal grooves (21) in the same radial direction is 5~10mm, and the distance between the adjacent hexagonal grooves (21) gradually increases as the radial direction extends outward.

3. A square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the hexagonal groove (21) is 0.4~0.8mm, and the thickness of the hexagonal groove (21) is half the wall thickness of the side plate of the square aluminum shell (2).

4. A square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sets of lithium battery cells (3) are connected in parallel to meet the application scenarios of high-rate charging and discharging.

5. A square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The busbar (6) is connected to the lead-out plates inside the positive and negative terminals to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the increased current caused by the two lithium battery cells (3) at the parallel connection position, which leads to local high temperature.

6. A square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The busbar (6) has an "L" shaped structure, including a horizontal busbar (61) and a vertical busbar (62). The horizontal busbar (61) is located above the top of the lithium battery cell (3). The horizontal busbar (61) is connected to the tabs at both ends of the lithium battery cell (3). One side of the horizontal busbar (61) is bent towards both ends of the lithium battery cell (3) to form the vertical busbar (62). The vertical busbar (62) covers two sets of parallel lithium battery cells (3). The busbar (6) is completely connected to the inner surface of the buffer layer (4).

7. A square aluminum-cased battery with integrated heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The square aluminum shell (2) also includes a thermal protection linkage device fixed to the bottom inner wall of the square aluminum shell (2) by laser welding. The thermal protection linkage device includes a temperature sensor (8), a pressure sensor (7), and an alarm (9).

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