Box assembly and energy storage device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and specifically discloses a box assembly and an energy storage device. The energy storage device comprises an explosion-proof valve. The box assembly comprises a machine case and a directional exhaust structure. The machine case has a side mounting surface, one side of the machine case away from the side mounting surface is provided with a battery compartment, and the battery compartment is configured to be provided with the explosion-proof valve. The directional exhaust structure is located at the side of the battery compartment provided with the explosion-proof valve. The directional exhaust structure has a communication port and an exhaust port. The communication port is configured to be communicated with the explosion-proof valve, the exhaust port is arranged on a case wall of the machine case in a direction away from the side mounting surface, and is arranged corresponding to the bottom of the battery compartment. The directional exhaust structure is configured to guide the spray valve combustible gas entering from the communication port to the exhaust port in a direction away from the battery compartment. The above box assembly can avoid the spray valve combustible gas acting on the battery compartment and the building structure, thereby reducing the risk of chain reaction and out-of-control fire of the battery cell in thermal runaway, and is beneficial to improving the safety of the energy storage device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a housing component and energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Due to their significant weight, residential energy storage power supplies are typically wall-mounted. An energy storage power supply generally includes a metal enclosure to house the battery modules, and an explosion-proof valve located within the enclosure. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack, the explosion-proof valve releases gas, venting the generated gases to the outside environment.

[0003] In related technologies, explosion-proof valves are usually installed close to the wall. When the explosion-proof valve is detonated, on the one hand, the flames can easily spread through the wall to the ceiling, causing the fire to get out of control. On the other hand, the flames can easily continue to bake the battery compartment of the energy storage power supply, leading to a chain reaction of thermal runaway. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a housing assembly and energy storage device, which can reduce the risk of chain reactions and fire runaway during thermal runaway of battery cells, and is conducive to improving the safety of energy storage power supply use.

[0005] One embodiment of this application provides a housing assembly for an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes an explosion-proof valve. The housing assembly includes a chassis and a directional exhaust structure. The chassis has a side mounting surface configured to be fixed relative to a building structure. A battery compartment is located on the side of the chassis opposite to the side mounting surface, and the battery compartment is configured to house the explosion-proof valve. The directional exhaust structure is located on the side of the battery compartment where the explosion-proof valve is located. The directional exhaust structure has a connection port and an exhaust port. The connection port is configured to connect to the explosion-proof valve, and the exhaust port is opened in the chassis wall in a direction opposite to the side mounting surface and is located corresponding to the bottom of the battery compartment. The directional exhaust structure is configured to guide combustible gas entering from the connection port to the exhaust port in a direction opposite to the battery compartment.

[0006] By incorporating a directional venting structure within the chassis, the flow of flammable gases from the valves during thermal runaway can be guided. Guided by this structure, the flammable gases are discharged through vents at the bottom of the battery compartment, away from the building structure (such as walls or roof). This prevents the flammable gases from impacting the battery compartment and the building structure, thereby reducing the risk of chain reactions and uncontrolled fires during thermal runaway and improving the safety of energy storage equipment.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the chassis further has a bottom mounting surface that intersects with the side mounting surface and is configured to face the support plane. The battery compartment is located above the bottom mounting surface. The directional exhaust structure also includes a fire-resistant insulation element disposed on the bottom mounting surface and configured to press against the support plane when the chassis is fixed relative to the building structure, so as to prevent the spread of combustible gases from the exhaust valve toward the side mounting surface in the event of thermal runaway.

[0008] When the enclosure is fixed relative to the building structure, the fire-resistant insulation component installed on the bottom mounting surface is pressed against the supporting plane, and the fire-resistant insulation component fits tightly against the bottom mounting surface of the enclosure, thereby sealing the gap between the bottom mounting surface and the supporting plane. In the event of thermal runaway, the fire-resistant insulation component can prevent the spread of combustible gas from the valve towards the side mounting surface. This reduces the risk of uncontrolled fire caused by combustible gas from the valve baking or burning the building structure, thus improving the safety of energy storage equipment.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the projection of the exhaust port at least partially overlaps with the projection of the fire-resistant insulation component along a direction perpendicular to the side mounting surface.

[0010] By limiting the projection of the exhaust port to at least partially overlap with the projection of the fire-resistant insulation component, that is, limiting the exhaust port to be located below the bottom mounting surface of the chassis, the exhaust port can be moved further away from the battery compartment, reducing the height of the combustible gas from the spray valve. This helps to better reduce the risk of a chain thermal runaway reaction caused by the combustible gas from the spray valve baking the battery compartment.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the fire-resistant insulation member has a first stop and a second stop extending in a direction perpendicular to the side mounting surface, the first stop and the second stop being spaced apart. An exhaust port is located between the first stop and the second stop, and the first stop and the second stop are configured to prevent the spread of combustible gas from the spray valve to both sides of the housing assembly in the event of thermal runaway.

[0012] In the event of thermal runaway, the first and second stop sections can prevent the spread of combustible gas from the valve to both sides of the housing assembly, thereby better reducing the risk of fire getting out of control due to the combustible gas from the valve baking or burning the building structure, which is conducive to improving the safety of energy storage equipment.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the first stop and the second stop are inclined, and the distance between the first stop and the second stop gradually increases along the direction perpendicular to the side mounting surface.

[0014] By setting the first and second stop sections as a "gradually expanding structure," the combustible gas of the spray valve can be buffered, reducing the flow velocity of the combustible gas at the exhaust port. This reduces the risk of igniting nearby combustibles due to excessive flow velocity and excessive spray distance of the combustible gas at the exhaust port, thus improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the fire-resistant insulation element is configured to be elastically deformable.

[0016] The combination of gravity and elastic force of the refractory insulation components allows for a tighter fit between the refractory insulation components and the housing components, thereby reducing gaps between them and further minimizing the risk of combustible gas from the valve spreading to the side mounting surface. This ultimately improves the safety of the energy storage equipment.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the housing assembly further includes a protective cover located on the side of the battery compartment where the explosion-proof valve is located and spaced apart from the chassis, with a directional exhaust structure located between the chassis and the protective cover.

[0018] By setting up a protective cover, firstly, the internal structure of the enclosure components and the qualitative venting structure can be protected, which helps to extend the service life of the energy storage equipment; secondly, the internal structure of the enclosure components can be covered, which helps to improve the aesthetics of the energy storage equipment.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, the directional exhaust structure includes a first frame member, the first frame member, the chassis and the protective cover are sealed together to form a first exhaust channel, a connecting port and an exhaust port, and the connecting port and the exhaust port are both connected to the first exhaust channel.

[0020] By adopting the method of "the protective cover and the first frame component together forming the first exhaust channel and exhaust port", that is, the protective cover and the first frame component form a directional exhaust structure, not only can the number of components of the energy storage device be reduced and the production cost reduced, but the maintenance of the energy storage device can also be facilitated. Production and installation personnel only need to remove the protective cover to expose the explosion-proof valve.

[0021] In some embodiments of this application, the first frame includes a first guide section, a second guide section, and a third guide section connected to the first and second guide sections. The first and second guide sections are spaced apart, and a first exhaust passage, a connecting port, and an exhaust port are configured between the first and second guide sections. The third guide section is located above the connecting port and is configured to prevent the spread of combustible gas from the injector valve in a direction away from the exhaust port during thermal runaway.

[0022] In the event of thermal runaway, the first and second guide sections, spaced apart, direct the combustible gas from the exhaust valve downwards towards the vent, away from the battery compartment. The third guide section prevents the combustible gas from flowing upwards. This avoids the combustible gas from the exhaust valve impacting the battery compartment and building structure, thereby reducing the risk of a chain reaction and uncontrolled fire during thermal runaway and improving the safety of energy storage equipment.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the directional exhaust structure includes a second frame member and a sealing cover connected to the second frame member. The second frame member is sealed to the chassis. The second frame member, the chassis, and the sealing cover together form a second exhaust channel, a connecting port, and an exhaust port, both of which are connected to the second exhaust channel.

[0024] By employing a method where the "second frame component and sealing cover form a second exhaust channel and exhaust port," an independent directional exhaust structure can be created. Because the directional exhaust structure is independently configured, if the protective cover is deformed or damaged by an impact, it will not affect the directional exhaust structure, thus reducing the risk of directional exhaust structure failure and ensuring the safety of the energy storage device.

[0025] One embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a battery pack, an explosion-proof valve, and a housing assembly as described in any of the above embodiments. The battery pack is disposed within a battery compartment, and the explosion-proof valve is disposed within the battery compartment, and the explosion-proof valve is configured to connect the battery compartment and a directional venting structure when opened.

[0026] The aforementioned energy storage device employs the aforementioned enclosure assembly. By incorporating a directional venting structure within the enclosure, the enclosure assembly guides the flow of combustible gases from the exhaust valves during thermal runaway. Guided by this directional venting structure, the combustible gases are discharged through vents at the bottom of the battery compartment, away from the building structure (such as walls or roof). This prevents the combustible gases from acting on the battery compartment and the building structure, thereby reducing the risk of chain reactions and uncontrolled fires during thermal runaway of the battery cells, and improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0027] In some embodiments of this application, the explosion-proof valve has a first state and a second state, and is configured to switch between the first state and the second state. When the explosion-proof valve is in the first state, the directional venting structure is connected to the explosion-proof valve. When the explosion-proof valve is in the second state, the directional venting structure is isolated from the explosion-proof valve.

[0028] During normal operation of the energy storage device, the explosion-proof valve maintains pressure balance inside and outside the battery compartment. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, the explosion-proof valve switches to its first state, connecting the directional venting structure to the valve. At this time, the valve opens to release air. When the venting pressure inside the battery compartment decreases, the explosion-proof valve switches to its second state, isolating the directional venting structure from the valve. At this time, the valve closes, preventing external oxygen from entering the battery compartment and thus preventing combustion of the gases inside. This significantly reduces the risk of chain reactions and uncontrolled fires during thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an energy storage device and a building structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure after being cut along line AA in the structure shown. Figure 4 A simplified assembly structure diagram of an energy storage device and a building structure is provided for one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of an energy storage device provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an energy storage device with the protective cover omitted, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial exploded view of the energy storage device shown. Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the chassis and exhaust structure provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0031] Explanation of key component symbols: 100. Energy storage equipment; 200. Building structure; 300. Mounting bracket; 400. Support plane; 10. Battery pack; 20. Housing assembly; 30. Explosion-proof valve; 21. Chassis; 22. Exhaust structure; 23. Protective cover; 211. Side mounting surface; 212. Battery compartment; 213. Bottom mounting surface; 221. Connecting port; 222. Exhaust port; 223. Fire-resistant and heat-insulating component; 224. First frame component; 225. First exhaust channel; 226. Second frame component; 227. Sealing cover; 228. Second exhaust channel; 2231. First stop; 2232. Second stop; 2241. First guide section; 2242. Second guide section; 2243. Third guide section. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0034] Due to their significant weight, residential energy storage power supplies are typically wall-mounted. An energy storage power supply generally includes a metal enclosure to house the battery modules, and an explosion-proof valve located within the enclosure. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack, the explosion-proof valve releases gas, venting the generated gases to the outside environment.

[0035] In related technologies, explosion-proof valves are usually installed close to the wall. When the explosion-proof valve is detonated, on the one hand, the flames can easily spread through the wall to the ceiling, causing the fire to get out of control. On the other hand, the flames can easily continue to bake the battery compartment of the energy storage power supply, leading to a chain reaction of thermal runaway.

[0036] One embodiment of this application provides a housing assembly for an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes an explosion-proof valve. The housing assembly includes a chassis and a directional exhaust structure. The chassis has a side mounting surface configured to be fixed relative to a building structure. A battery compartment is located on the side of the chassis opposite to the side mounting surface, and the battery compartment is configured to house the explosion-proof valve. The directional exhaust structure is located on the side of the battery compartment where the explosion-proof valve is located. The directional exhaust structure has a connection port and an exhaust port. The connection port is configured to connect to the explosion-proof valve, and the exhaust port is opened in the chassis wall in a direction opposite to the side mounting surface and is located corresponding to the bottom of the battery compartment. The directional exhaust structure is configured to guide combustible gas entering from the connection port to the exhaust port in a direction opposite to the battery compartment.

[0037] By incorporating a directional venting structure within the chassis, the flow of flammable gases from the valves during thermal runaway can be guided. Guided by this structure, the flammable gases are discharged through vents at the bottom of the battery compartment, away from the building structure (such as walls or roof). This prevents the flammable gases from impacting the battery compartment and the building structure, thereby reducing the risk of chain reactions and uncontrolled fires during thermal runaway and improving the safety of energy storage equipment.

[0038] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0039] Please see Figure 1 As shown, one embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device 100. The energy storage device 100 has the functions of storing and discharging electricity, and can be used for household backup power, production unit backup power, outdoor work, outdoor recreation, etc.

[0040] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 includes a battery pack 10 for storing and supplying electricity to the energy storage device 100. The battery pack 10 may also be used as a standalone device to output DC power, or it may be stacked together with an inverter module.

[0041] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 includes a power conversion module (not shown) that is electrically connected to the battery pack 10. The power conversion module is used to control the AC / DC conversion of the output current of the battery pack 10. The energy storage device 100 equipped with the power conversion module can be a small portable power supply, a residential energy storage power supply, an industrial or commercial energy storage power supply, or a containerized energy storage power supply, etc.

[0042] In some embodiments, the power conversion module may be omitted. An energy storage device 100 without a power conversion module can be used independently. An energy storage device 100 without a power conversion module typically only outputs DC power. When used independently, an energy storage device 100 without a power conversion module can be used in conjunction with an energy storage device 100 with a power conversion module as a power system providing additional battery capacity.

[0043] Please refer to the following: Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 further includes a housing assembly 20. The housing assembly 20 includes a chassis 21 having a side mounting surface 211 configured to be fixed relative to the building structure 200 to achieve the installation and fixation of the energy storage device 100.

[0044] For example, a mounting bracket 300 is provided between the wall of the house and the side mounting surface 211 of the chassis 21, and the two ends of the mounting bracket 300 are fixedly connected to the wall and the side mounting surface 211 respectively.

[0045] In other embodiments, the chassis 21 can also be fixed to the ground. For example, bolt holes (not shown) are pre-drilled at the bottom of the chassis 21, and corresponding holes are drilled in the ground. The chassis 21 is then fixed to the ground using expansion bolts (not shown).

[0046] In some embodiments, a battery compartment 212 is provided on one side of the chassis 21 away from the mounting surface 211, and the battery pack 10 is installed in the battery compartment 212. The battery compartment 212 can isolate the battery pack 10 from the external environment, which helps to protect the battery pack 10 and extend its service life.

[0047] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 further includes an explosion-proof valve 30 disposed in the battery compartment 212. The explosion-proof valve 30 is used to open in the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack 10 to discharge combustible gases within the battery compartment 212. Combustible gases specifically refer to high-temperature gases and burning particles (such as molten outer casing of the battery pack 10, molten materials such as internal materials of the battery pack 10, etc.).

[0048] By setting the explosion-proof valve 30, the flammable gas generated by the battery pack 10 can be discharged in time, which helps to reduce the risk of damage or explosion of the battery compartment 212 due to excessive internal pressure, and improves the safety of the energy storage device 100.

[0049] Please refer to the following: Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the housing assembly 20 further includes a directional venting structure 22. The directional venting structure 22 is located on the side of the battery compartment 212 where the explosion-proof valve 30 is located. The directional venting structure 22 has a connection port 221 and an exhaust port 222. The connection port 221 is configured to connect to the explosion-proof valve 30. In other words, when the explosion-proof valve 30 is open, the battery compartment 212 and the directional venting structure 22 are connected.

[0050] The exhaust port 222 is opened on the wall of the chassis 21 in a direction away from the side mounting surface 211 and is provided at the bottom of the battery compartment 212. The directional exhaust structure 22 is configured to guide the combustible gas entering from the communication port 221 to the exhaust port 222 in a direction away from the battery compartment 212.

[0051] Understandably, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 10, the combustible gas from the valve is released and enters the directional exhaust structure 22 through the connection port 221. Guided by the directional exhaust structure 22, it flows in a direction away from the battery compartment 212 to the exhaust port 222. Subsequently, it is discharged through the exhaust port 222 at the bottom of the battery compartment 212 away from the building structure 200 (such as a wall, roof, etc.).

[0052] This avoids the flammable gas from the spray valve from acting on the battery compartment 212 and the building structure 200, thereby reducing the risk of chain reactions and fire runaway in the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack 10, which is beneficial to improving the safety of the energy storage device 100.

[0053] Please refer to the following: Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the chassis 21 further has a bottom mounting surface 213, which intersects with the side mounting surface 211 and is configured to face the support plane 400. The support plane 400 can be the ground, a tabletop, etc. The battery compartment 212 is located above the bottom mounting surface 213.

[0054] The directional exhaust structure 22 also includes a fire-resistant heat insulation component 223, which is disposed on the bottom mounting surface 213 and configured to press against the support plane 400 when the chassis 21 is fixed relative to the building structure 200, thereby sealing the gap between the bottom mounting surface 213 and the support plane 400, so as to prevent the spread of combustible gas from the spray valve toward the side mounting surface 211 in the event of thermal runaway.

[0055] Understandably, when the chassis 21 is fixed relative to the building structure 200, the fire-resistant insulation component 223 installed on the bottom mounting surface 213 is pressed against the supporting plane 400. At this time, the fire-resistant insulation component 223 and the bottom mounting surface 213 of the chassis 21 are tightly fitted together, that is, the gap between the bottom mounting surface 213 and the supporting plane 400 is closed.

[0056] When the battery pack 10 experiences thermal runaway, the fire-resistant insulation component 223 can prevent the spread of combustible gas from the valve toward the side mounting surface 211, that is, prevent the combustible gas from escaping from the gap between the bottom mounting surface 213 of the chassis 21 and the support plane 400 to the building structure 200.

[0057] This reduces the risk of fire getting out of control due to combustible gas from the spray valve baking or burning the building structure 200, and helps to improve the safety of the energy storage equipment 100.

[0058] In some embodiments, along a direction perpendicular to the side mounting surface 211, the projection of the vent 222 at least partially overlaps with the projection of the fire-resistant insulation 223.

[0059] By limiting the exhaust port 222 to be located below the bottom mounting surface 213 of the chassis 21, the exhaust port 222 can be moved further away from the battery compartment 212, reducing the height of the combustible gas from the spray valve, thereby further reducing the risk of a chain thermal runaway reaction caused by the combustible gas from the spray valve baking the battery compartment 212.

[0060] For example, the projection of the vent 222 is entirely within the projection range of the fire-resistant insulation 223, that is, the vent 222 is entirely located below the battery compartment 212. In other embodiments, the vent 222 may also partially overlap with the battery compartment 212. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0061] Please refer to the following: Figures 5 to 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the fire-resistant insulation member 223 has a first stop portion 2231 and a second stop portion 2232 extending in a direction perpendicular to the side mounting surface 211. The first stop portion 2231 and the second stop portion 2232 are spaced apart.

[0062] The exhaust port 222 is located between the first stop portion 2231 and the second stop portion 2232, which are configured to prevent the spread of combustible gas from the injector valve to both sides of the housing assembly 20 in the event of thermal runaway.

[0063] Understandably, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 10, the first stop 2231 and the second stop 2232 can prevent the combustible gas from the valve from spreading to both sides of the housing assembly 20, that is, prevent the combustible gas from the valve from escaping to both sides from the bottom mounting surface 213 of the housing 21.

[0064] This can better reduce the risk of fire getting out of control due to combustible gas from the spray valve baking or burning the building structure 200, and is conducive to improving the safety of the use of the energy storage equipment 100.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first stop portion 2231 and the second stop portion 2232 are inclined. The distance between the first stop portion 2231 and the second stop portion 2232 gradually increases along a direction perpendicular to the side mounting surface 211.

[0066] By setting the first stop 2231 and the second stop 2232 as a "gradually expanding structure", the combustible gas of the spray valve can be buffered, reducing the flow velocity of the combustible gas at the exhaust port 222. This reduces the risk of igniting combustibles near the energy storage device 100 due to excessive flow velocity and excessive spray distance of the combustible gas at the exhaust port, thus improving the safety of the energy storage device 100.

[0067] In some embodiments, the fire-resistant insulation 223 is configured to be elastically deformable. Understandably, when the chassis 21 is fixed relative to the building structure 200, the chassis 21 is pressed against the fire-resistant insulation 223 under gravity, causing the fire-resistant insulation 223 to undergo elastic deformation and generate elastic potential energy. Under the action of this elastic potential energy, the fire-resistant insulation 223 is tightly pressed against the bottom mounting surface 213 of the chassis 21.

[0068] The weight of the enclosure 21 and the elastic force of the fire-resistant insulation 223 can make the fire-resistant insulation 223 fit more tightly with the enclosure assembly 20, thereby reducing the gap between the fire-resistant insulation 223 and the enclosure assembly 20, further reducing the risk of combustible gas from the spray valve spreading to the side mounting surface 211, and thus improving the safety of the energy storage device 100.

[0069] For example, the fire-resistant insulation 223 is constructed from an epoxy resin with added flame retardants (such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, phosphorus nitrogen compounds, and borates).

[0070] In other embodiments, the fire-resistant insulation component 223 may also be made of other materials. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0071] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the housing assembly 20 further includes a protective cover 23, which is located on the side of the battery compartment 212 where the explosion-proof valve 30 is provided and is spaced apart from the chassis 21. The directional exhaust structure 22 is located between the chassis 21 and the protective cover 23.

[0072] By setting the protective cover 23, firstly, the internal structure of the housing assembly 20 and the qualitative venting structure 22 can be protected, which is conducive to extending the service life of the energy storage device 100; secondly, the internal structure of the housing assembly 20 can be covered, which is conducive to improving the aesthetics of the energy storage device 100.

[0073] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the directional exhaust structure 22 includes a first frame member 224. The first frame member 224, the chassis 21, and the protective cover 23 are sealed together to form a first exhaust channel 225, a connecting port 221, and an exhaust port 222, both of which are connected to the first exhaust channel 225.

[0074] By adopting the method of "protective cover 23 and first frame 224 jointly forming first exhaust channel 225 and exhaust port 222", that is, protective cover 23 and first frame 224 form directional exhaust structure 22, not only can the number of parts of energy storage device 100 be reduced and production costs reduced, but the maintenance of energy storage device 100 can also be facilitated. Production and installation personnel only need to remove protective cover 23 to expose explosion-proof valve 30.

[0075] Please see Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the first frame member 224 includes a first guide section 2241, a second guide section 2242, and a third guide section 2243 connected to the first guide section 2241 and the second guide section 2242.

[0076] The first guide section 2241 and the second guide section 2242 are arranged at intervals, and a first exhaust passage 225, a connecting port 221, and an exhaust port 222 are configured between the first guide section 2241 and the second guide section 2242. The third guide section 2243 is located above the connecting port 221 and is configured to prevent the combustible gas from the injector valve from spreading in a direction away from the exhaust port 222 in the event of thermal runaway.

[0077] Understandably, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 10, the first guide section 2241 and the second guide section 2242 are spaced apart to guide the combustible gas from the valve to flow downward in the direction away from the battery compartment 212 to the exhaust port 222, and the third guide section 2243 can stop the combustible gas from flowing upward.

[0078] This avoids the flammable gas from the valve from acting on the battery compartment 212 and the building structure 200, thereby reducing the risk of chain reactions and fire runaway during thermal runaway of the battery cells, which helps to improve the safety of the energy storage device 100.

[0079] Please refer to the following: Figures 5 to 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the directional exhaust structure 22 includes a second frame member 226 and a sealing cover 227 connected to the second frame member 226. The second frame member 226 is sealed to the chassis 21. The second frame member 226, the chassis 21, and the sealing cover 227 together form a second exhaust channel 228, a connecting port 221, and an exhaust port 222. The connecting port 221 and the exhaust port 222 are both connected to the second exhaust channel 228.

[0080] By adopting the method of "the second frame component 226 and the sealing cover 227 forming a second exhaust channel 228 and an exhaust port 222", an independent directional exhaust structure 22 can be formed. Since the directional exhaust structure 22 is set independently, when the protective cover 23 is impacted and deformed, it will not affect the directional exhaust structure 22, which helps to reduce the risk of failure of the directional exhaust structure 22 and ensure the safety of the energy storage device 100.

[0081] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the first frame member 224 and the second frame member 226 have the same structure.

[0082] In other embodiments, the structures of the first frame member 224 and the second frame member 226 may also be different. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0083] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve 30 has a first state and a second state, and is configured to switch between the first state and the second state. When the explosion-proof valve 30 is in the first state, the directional venting structure 22 is connected to the explosion-proof valve 30. When the explosion-proof valve 30 is in the second state, the directional venting structure 22 is isolated from the explosion-proof valve 30.

[0084] Understandably, when the energy storage device 100 is operating normally, the explosion-proof valve 30 maintains the pressure balance inside and outside the battery compartment 212. When the battery pack 10 experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve 30 switches to its first state, and the directional venting structure 22 connects to the explosion-proof valve 30. At this time, the explosion-proof valve 30 opens to vent.

[0085] When the exhaust pressure inside the battery compartment 212 decreases, the explosion-proof valve 30 switches to the second state, isolating the directional exhaust structure 22 from the explosion-proof valve 30. At this time, the explosion-proof valve 30 closes, thereby preventing external oxygen from entering the battery compartment 212 and preventing the combustion of the gas inside the battery compartment 212.

[0086] This can better reduce the risk of chain reactions and fire spread during thermal runaway of the battery pack 10, and improve the safety of the energy storage device 100.

[0087] For example, the explosion-proof valve 30 is a metal spring return type. In other embodiments, the explosion-proof valve 30 may also be other explosion-proof structures that can be switched to a first state or a second state. This application does not limit this type of structure, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0088] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any appropriate changes and variations made to the above embodiments within the essential spirit and scope of this application fall within the scope of this application's disclosure.

Claims

1. A housing assembly for use in an energy storage device, the energy storage device including an explosion-proof valve, characterized in that, The enclosure assembly includes: The chassis has a side mounting surface configured to be fixed relative to the building structure; a battery compartment is provided on the side of the chassis opposite to the side mounting surface, and the battery compartment is configured to house the explosion-proof valve; A directional exhaust structure is located on the side of the battery compartment where the explosion-proof valve is located. The directional exhaust structure has a connecting port and an exhaust port. The connecting port is configured to connect to the explosion-proof valve. The exhaust port is opened on the chassis wall in a direction away from the side mounting surface and is located corresponding to the bottom of the battery compartment. The directional exhaust structure is configured to guide the combustible gas entering from the connecting port to the exhaust port in a direction away from the battery compartment.

2. The housing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chassis also has a bottom mounting surface that intersects with the side mounting surface and is configured to face the support plane, with the battery compartment located above the bottom mounting surface; The directional exhaust structure also includes a fire-resistant heat insulation component disposed on the bottom mounting surface and configured to press against the supporting plane when the chassis is fixed relative to the building structure, so as to prevent the spread of combustible gas from the spray valve toward the side mounting surface in the event of thermal runaway.

3. The housing assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along a direction perpendicular to the side mounting surface, the projection of the vent at least partially overlaps with the projection of the fire-resistant insulation component.

4. The housing assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fire-resistant insulation component has a first stop portion and a second stop portion extending in a direction perpendicular to the side mounting surface, and the first stop portion and the second stop portion are distributed at intervals. The exhaust port is located between the first stop and the second stop, which are configured to prevent the combustible gas from the injector valve from spreading to both sides of the housing assembly in the event of thermal runaway.

5. The housing assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first stop and the second stop are inclined and the distance between the first stop and the second stop gradually increases along the direction perpendicular to the side mounting surface.

6. The housing assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fire-resistant insulation component is constructed to be elastically deformable.

7. The housing assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The enclosure assembly also includes a protective cover, which is located on the side of the battery compartment where the explosion-proof valve is located and is spaced apart from the chassis. The directional exhaust structure is located between the chassis and the protective cover.

8. The housing assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The directional exhaust structure includes a first frame component, the first frame component, the chassis and the protective cover are sealed together to form a first exhaust channel, the connecting port and the exhaust port, and the connecting port and the exhaust port are both connected to the first exhaust channel.

9. The housing assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first frame component includes a first guide section, a second guide section, and a third guide section connecting the first guide section and the second guide section. The first guide section and the second guide section are spaced apart, and the first exhaust channel, the connecting port, and the exhaust port are configured between the first guide section and the second guide section. The third guide section is located above the communication port and is configured to prevent the spread of combustible gas from the injector valve in a direction away from the exhaust port during thermal runaway.

10. The housing assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The directional exhaust structure includes a second frame component and a sealing cover connected to the second frame component. The second frame component is sealed to the chassis. The second frame component, the chassis, and the sealing cover together form a second exhaust channel, a connecting port, and an exhaust port. The connecting port and the exhaust port are both connected to the second exhaust channel.

11. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The device includes a battery pack, an explosion-proof valve, and a housing assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the battery pack is disposed within the battery compartment, the explosion-proof valve is disposed within the battery compartment, and the explosion-proof valve is configured to connect the battery compartment and the directional venting structure when opened.

12. The energy storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The explosion-proof valve has a first state and a second state, and is configured to switch to either the first state or the second state. When the explosion-proof valve is in the first state, the directional venting structure is connected to the explosion-proof valve; when the explosion-proof valve is in the second state, the directional venting structure is isolated from the explosion-proof valve.

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