Antenna device and apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to an antenna device and equipment, the antenna device comprising a dielectric body, a metal film layer, a radiation oscillator and a surface wave suppressor. The radiation oscillator is arranged on the dielectric body and at least partially located in a shielding area; the surface wave suppressor is arranged on the dielectric body and partially located in the shielding area and extends to a film-free area; the surface wave suppressor is arranged around the periphery of the radiation oscillator and is spaced apart from the radiation oscillator. When the width of the shielding area is reduced, a part of the surface wave suppressor can be arranged in the film-free area, and the radiation oscillator can also be arranged in the film-free area, i.e. in the visible light transmission area. In this way, the design and layout of the antenna do not need to be limited to the shielding area, but can be arranged in the visible light transmission area of the glass, the visible light transmission area of the glass can be fully utilized, the layout space of the antenna is effectively expanded, the problem that the antenna cannot be arranged due to the too small width of the shielding area is solved, and the utilization rate of the glass is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna device and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication, people have increasingly higher requirements for communication quality. Vehicles, including but not limited to automobiles, are a means of transportation used daily by people. In order to obtain better transmission efficiency and signal transmission quality, the demand for vehicle-mounted antennas is gradually increasing, and the types of vehicle-mounted antennas are also becoming more and more diverse.

[0003] In related technologies, automotive antennas include built-in box antennas, external shark fin antennas, black-bordered glass antennas, or ordinary transparent antennas. Meanwhile, an increasing number of automobiles are using metal-coated glass, meaning that a metal film layer covers most of the glass, thus providing heat insulation and reducing ultraviolet radiation. Furthermore, the metal film layer is located in the visible light transmission zone of the glass.

[0004] However, as the visible light transmission area gradually increases, the area covered by the metal film on the glass also increases accordingly. Since the metal film reflects signals from outside the vehicle and blocks signals from inside the vehicle, the communication effect between the inside and outside of the vehicle will be very poor. In addition, the area of ​​the shielded area of ​​the glass decreases accordingly, that is, the width of the shielded area becomes smaller, reducing the coverage width of the interior panel, resulting in less and less space available to place the antenna in the shielded area, making it difficult to deploy the antenna on the glass. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an antenna device and equipment that can improve radiation efficiency and can still be deployed on glass when the width of the shielding area is reduced, in order to address the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0006] On one hand, this application provides an antenna device, comprising:

[0007] The medium body has a visible light transmission area and a shielding area. The shielding area is located in the peripheral area of ​​the medium body, and the visible light transmission area is located in the area outside the shielding area on the medium body.

[0008] A metal film layer is disposed on the medium body and located in the visible light transmission area. A film removal area is provided on the side of the metal film layer near the shielding area.

[0009] A radiating oscillator, wherein the radiating oscillator is disposed on the medium body, and the radiating oscillator is at least partially located in the shielding area; and

[0010] A surface wave suppressor is disposed on the medium body, the surface wave suppressor is arranged around the periphery of the radiating oscillator, and the surface wave suppressor and the radiating oscillator are spaced apart.

[0011] In one embodiment, a portion of the surface wave suppressor is located in the shielding region, and another portion extends into the film removal region.

[0012] In one embodiment, the antenna device further includes a grounding portion disposed on the dielectric body and located in the shielding area. The grounding portion is used for electrical connection with the outer conductor of the feed line, and the radiating element is used for electrical connection with the inner conductor of the feed line. The surface wave suppressor is also disposed around the periphery of the grounding portion, and / or the surface wave suppressor is electrically connected to the grounding portion.

[0013] In one embodiment, the surface wave suppressor includes a first surface wave suppressor and a second surface wave suppressor; the first surface wave suppressor is disposed in the shielding area; the second surface wave suppressor is at least partially disposed in the visible light transmission area, and the second surface wave suppressor and the metal film layer are located in the same layer; the first surface wave suppressor and the second surface wave suppressor are located in different layers of the dielectric body and are coupled together.

[0014] In one embodiment, the metal film layer and / or the second surface wave suppressor is a transparent metal layer with a visible light transmittance of ≥70%.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first surface wave suppressor is disposed around the periphery of the radiating oscillator; and / or, the second surface wave suppressor is disposed around the periphery of the radiating oscillator along the thickness direction of the medium body.

[0016] In one embodiment, the radiating oscillator and the first surface wave suppressor are disposed in the same layer of the dielectric body; or,

[0017] The radiating dipole and the second surface wave suppressor are disposed on the same layer of the dielectric body. The antenna device also includes a coupling dipole, which is disposed on the same layer of the dielectric body as the first surface wave suppressor and is coupled to the radiating dipole.

[0018] In one embodiment, the grounding portion is at least disposed on the side of the radiating oscillator away from the visible light transmission area, and a radiating gap is formed between the grounding portion and the radiating oscillator.

[0019] In one embodiment, the antenna device further includes a chromatic aberration adjustment element disposed outside the second surface wave suppressor in the defilmed region.

[0020] In one embodiment, the color difference adjusting element is a transparent metal layer, and the color difference adjusting element is insulated from the second surface wave suppressor and the metal film layer respectively; the color difference adjusting element includes a plurality of units arranged in an array on the dielectric body; the deviation between the visible light transmittance of the color difference adjusting element and the visible light transmittance of the second surface wave suppressor is within a first preset range, and the deviation between the visible light transmittance of the color difference adjusting element and the visible light transmittance of the metal film layer is within a second preset range.

[0021] On the other hand, this application also provides a device, which includes the antenna device, and the device is any one or a combination of vehicle window glass, display case, building window curtain wall, vehicle, ship, human-computer interaction, electrical appliance, and information kiosk.

[0022] When the width of the shielding area is reduced, the aforementioned antenna device and equipment can place a portion of the surface wave suppressor in the shielding area, or a portion of the radiating element in the shielding area, i.e., in the visible light transmission area. This way, the antenna design and layout are not limited to the shielding area but can be placed in the visible light transmission area of ​​the glass, making full use of this area and effectively expanding the antenna layout space. This solves the problem of insufficient shielding area width preventing antenna placement and improves the utilization rate of the glass. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an antenna device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram showing the metal film layer, radiating element, and surface wave suppressor of an antenna device according to an embodiment of this application, stacked together along the thickness direction of the dielectric body.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the second surface wave suppressor and the metal film layer in the antenna device, which are located in the same layer as the dielectric body.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the antenna device in which the first surface wave suppressor, grounding part, and radiating element are located in the same layer of the dielectric body.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram showing the metal film layer, radiating element, and surface wave suppressor of an antenna device according to another embodiment of this application, stacked together along the thickness direction of the dielectric body.

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the specific structure of the chromatic aberration adjustment component in the antenna device shown.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram showing the metal film layer, radiating element, and surface wave suppressor of an antenna device according to another embodiment of this application, stacked together along the thickness direction of the dielectric body.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the structure of the antenna device in which the grounding part, the first surface wave suppressor, and the radiating element are located in the same layer of the dielectric body.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram showing the metal film layer, radiating element, and surface wave suppressor of an antenna device according to another embodiment of this application, stacked together along the thickness direction of the dielectric body.

[0032] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The diagram shows the structure of the second surface wave suppressor and the metal film layer in the antenna device, which are located in the same layer as the dielectric body.

[0033] Figure 11 for Figure 9 The diagram shows the structure of the antenna device in which the first surface wave suppressor, grounding part, and radiating element are located in the same layer of the dielectric body.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a graph showing the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of an antenna device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 13 This is a simulation efficiency diagram of an antenna device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] 10. Medium body; 101. Visible light transmission area; 102. Shielding area; 11. First glass plate; 111. First surface; 112. Second surface; 12. Adhesive layer; 13. Second glass plate; 131. Third surface; 132. Fourth surface; 20. Metal film layer; 21. Film removal area; 30. Radiation oscillator; 31. First welding point; 40. Surface wave suppressor; 41. First surface wave suppressor; 42. Second surface wave suppressor; 50. Grounding part; 51. Second welding point; 52. Second groove; 60. Coupler oscillator; 70. Color difference adjustment component; 71. Unit. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0038] See Figures 1 to 4 An embodiment of this application provides an antenna device that can transmit and receive wireless signals in the 0-8 GHz frequency band, specifically a 5G antenna.

[0039] The antenna device includes a dielectric body 10, a metal film layer 20, a radiating element 30, and a surface wave suppressor 40.

[0040] The medium body 10 has a visible light transmittance area 101, which serves as the main viewing area and is capable of transmitting light. The visible light transmittance includes, but is not limited to, ≥70%, specifically, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, or 99%, etc.

[0041] The media body 10 also includes a shielding area 102. The shielding area 102, also called the black edge area or ink area, serves to block light. The shielding area 102 is located in the peripheral area of ​​the media body 10. Specifically, the shielding area 102 can be a closed annular area, a non-closed annular area, or, for example, located on one side of the media body 10. No specific limitations are imposed, and it can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs.

[0042] The visible light transmission area 101 is located outside the shielding area 102 on the medium body 10. Optionally, the visible light transmission area 101 is specifically located, for example, in the central region of the medium body 10.

[0043] A metal film layer 20 is disposed on the medium body 10, and the metal film layer 20 is located in the visible light transmission area 101. The metal film layer 20 can play various functions such as heat insulation, ultraviolet reduction, dimming or heating. A film removal area 21 is provided on the side of the metal film layer 20 near the shielding area 102.

[0044] The radiating oscillator 30 is disposed on the medium body 10 and is located in the shielding area 102, so that it is not observed.

[0045] A surface wave suppressor 40 is disposed on the dielectric body 10. Optionally, a portion of the surface wave suppressor 40 is located in the shielding area 102, and another portion extends to the film removal area 21. Of course, the surface wave suppressor 40 can also be located entirely within the shielding area. The surface wave suppressor 40 is disposed around the periphery of the radiating transducer 30, and the surface wave suppressor 40 and the radiating transducer 30 are spaced apart. The space between the surface wave suppressor 40 and the radiating transducer 30 can be either along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10 or along a direction perpendicular to the thickness of the dielectric body 10; this is not limited here and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs.

[0046] Preferably, the surface wave suppressor 40 and the radiating oscillator 30 are spaced apart in the projection along the thickness direction of the medium body 10, so that the surface wave suppressor 40 and the radiating oscillator 30 are spaced apart.

[0047] In the aforementioned antenna device, when the width of the shielding region 102 is reduced, a portion of the surface wave suppressor 40 can be arranged in the film removal region 21, or a portion of the radiating element can be placed in the film removal region, i.e., in the visible light transmission region 101. This way, the antenna design layout is not limited to the shielding region 102, but can be arranged in the visible light transmission region 101 of the glass, fully utilizing the visible light transmission region 101 of the glass, effectively expanding the antenna layout space, and solving the problem of the width of the shielding region 102 (e.g., ...). Figure 2 The problem that the W shown is too small to accommodate antenna placement is solved by improving the utilization rate of the glass.

[0048] In addition, the surface wave suppressor 40 is arranged around the periphery of the radiating element 30 and spaced apart from the radiating element 30. In this way, the radiating element 30 and the surface wave suppressor 40 coexist and combine, interact with each other, and participate in radiation together. This solves the problem of reflection and shielding of antenna signals by the metal film layer 20 on the glass. At the same time, the surface wave suppressor 40 can block surface creeping waves, thereby improving the antenna radiation efficiency and isolation.

[0049] For example, the de-film region 21 is a first groove formed on the metal film layer 20. The first groove is recessed in a direction away from the shielding region 102. The shape of the first groove includes, but is not limited to, rectangle, trapezoid, circle, or other regular and irregular shapes, and is not limited here. It can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs. The opening of the first groove faces the shielding region 102, and the surface wave suppressor 40 can extend into the visible light transmission region 101 through the opening of the first groove.

[0050] For example, the surface wave suppressor 40 can be entirely made of a transparent metal layer, or it can be partially made of a transparent metal layer; this is not limited here. Specifically, in this embodiment, the portion of the surface wave suppressor 40 that extends into the visible light transmission area 101 is made of a transparent metal layer. In this way, the surface wave suppressor 40 will not cause any shading effect on the visible light transmission area 101, and a design that can coexist with the metal film layer 20 can be achieved.

[0051] For example, the surface wave suppressor 40 has an opening on the side opposite to the visible light transmission area 101. Thus, the antenna signal of the radiating element 30 can be directly radiated outward through the opening. Furthermore, since the surface wave suppressor 40 is not provided in the shielding area 102 on the side of the radiating element 30 opposite to the visible light transmission area 101, the surface wave suppressor 40 avoids occupying space in the width direction of the shielding area 102, thereby improving the space utilization of the shielding area 102 and reducing the width W of the shielding area 102.

[0052] Please see Figures 2 to 4 For example, the antenna device also includes a grounding portion 50. The grounding portion 50 is located on the dielectric body 10 and is situated in the shielded area 102, thus remaining unobservable. The grounding portion 50 is used for electrical connection to the outer conductor of the feed line, and the radiating element 30 is used for electrical connection to the inner conductor of the feed line. The feed line is, for example, a coaxial cable. Optionally, the radiating element 30 has a first solder point 31, which is soldered to the inner conductor; the grounding portion 50 has a second solder point 51, which is soldered to the outer conductor.

[0053] The surface wave suppressor 40 can be disposed around the periphery of the grounding portion 50 and insulated from the grounding portion 50, for example, see [reference needed]. Figures 2 to 5 or Figure 7 and Figure 8 Of course, the surface wave suppressor 40 can also be electrically connected to the grounding part 50. Specifically, as shown... Figure 9 As shown, the surface wave suppressor 40 is electrically coupled to the grounding part 50. This grounding of the surface wave suppressor 40 also serves to block surface creeping waves, improving antenna radiation efficiency and isolation. The specific location and connection relationship between the surface wave suppressor 40 and the grounding part 50 are not limited here and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs.

[0054] The shielding area 102, also known as the black edge area or ink area, serves to block light and shields the radiating oscillator 30 and the grounding part 50, making them less visible and improving aesthetics. Specifically, the dielectric body 10 has a light-blocking layer located in the shielding area 102. The visible light transmittance of the light-blocking layer is less than or equal to 5%, more preferably less than or equal to 3%, even more preferably less than or equal to 1%, or even less than or equal to 0.5%, or essentially 0%, meaning it is completely opaque. The light-blocking layer is a dark-colored printed layer or a dark-colored polymer film. The dark-colored printed layer can be black or brown ceramic ink or ultraviolet ink, printed on the dielectric body 10 using processes such as screen printing or inkjet printing. Alternatively, the dark-colored polymer film can be a polymer film with body coloring, for example, by adding coloring components during polymer film manufacturing to obtain black or brown PVB, PET, PVC, etc.; or a polymer film with surface-printed pigments, such as printing black or brown pigments on the surface of the polymer film.

[0055] In addition, the visible light transmission area 101, which is the area on the medium body 10 where no light blocking layer is arranged, can transmit visible light because there is no light blocking layer and the visible light transmittance of the material itself is any value such as 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, etc., making it easy to observe the situation outside the vehicle.

[0056] Specifically, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figures 2 to 4 The area below the dashed line M is the shielding area 102, which serves a shielding function; the area above the dashed line is the visible light transmission area 101.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the outer wall of the medium body 10 refers to the side wall of the medium body 10 facing the external environment; conversely, the inner wall of the medium body 10 refers to the side wall of the medium body 10 facing the internal environment. The interior of the medium body 10 refers to the area between the outer wall and the inner wall of the medium body 10. Specifically, the external environment is, for example, the exterior of a vehicle, and the internal environment is, for example, the interior of a vehicle.

[0058] In one embodiment, the medium body 10 can be a single-layer glass plate, with the light-blocking layer located, for example, on the inner sidewall of the single-layer glass plate. Alternatively, the medium body 10 can be composed of at least two stacked glass plates. In other words, the medium body 10 can be a laminated glass.

[0059] Specifically, this embodiment uses double-laminated glass as an example, but it is not a limitation. Figure 1As shown, the laminated glass includes a first glass plate 11, an adhesive layer 12, and a second glass plate 13 stacked sequentially. The first glass plate 11 has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 facing away from each other, and the second glass plate 13 has a third surface 131 and a fourth surface 132 facing away from each other, with the second surface 112 and the third surface 131 opposite to each other. The first surface 111 faces the external environment, which is the outer wall of the medium body 10. The fourth surface 132 faces the internal environment, which is the inner wall of the medium body 10. The interior of the medium body 10 refers to the area on the medium body 10 corresponding to the area between the first surface 111 and the fourth surface 132, specifically, for example, the second surface 112, the third surface 131, or the adhesive layer 12. A light-blocking layer can be disposed on the second surface 112, the third surface 131, or the fourth surface 132.

[0060] Optionally, the adhesive layer 12 may be made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polycarbonate (PC), sound-insulating PVB, light-shielding PVB, heat-controlling PVB, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), ionomers, thermoplastic materials, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene vinyl acetate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), and combinations thereof.

[0061] To better protect the metal film layer 20 and prevent defects such as scratches and oxidation, the metal film layer 20 is, for example, disposed within the dielectric body 10, specifically on the second surface 112 or the third surface 131. Alternatively, the metal film layer 20 may also be disposed on the fourth surface 132, i.e., the inner wall of the dielectric body 10.

[0062] To facilitate electrical connection between the grounding part 50 and the radiating element 30 and the feeder line, for example, the grounding part 50 and the radiating element 30 are both arranged on the inner side wall of the dielectric body 10, specifically, for example, on the fourth surface 132 of the dielectric body 10. Of course, as some optional solutions, the grounding part 50 and the radiating element 30 can also be arranged on the second surface 112, the third surface 131, or the fourth surface 132, etc., and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, without limitation here.

[0063] Please see Figures 1 to 4In one embodiment, the metal film layer 20 is disposed within the dielectric body 10, and the grounding portion 50 and the radiating oscillator 30 are both arranged on the inner sidewall of the dielectric body 10. The surface wave suppressor 40 includes a first surface wave suppressor 41 and a second surface wave suppressor 42. The first surface wave suppressor 41 is disposed in the shielding area 102. Optionally, the first surface wave suppressor 41 may be located, for example, on the inner sidewall of the dielectric body 10, i.e., on the fourth surface 132. The second surface wave suppressor 42 is at least partially disposed in the visible light transmission area 101. The second surface wave suppressor 42 is located within the dielectric body 10 and, for example, on the same layer as the metal film layer 20, specifically on the second surface 112 or the third surface 131 of the dielectric body 10. The first surface wave suppressor 41 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 are located on different layers of the dielectric body 10 and are coupled together. Specifically, the first surface wave suppressor 41 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 at least partially overlap along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10, and the overlapping portions are coupled together due to their close proximity. Therefore, the first surface wave suppressor 41 located in the shielding area 102 is coupled to the second surface wave suppressor 42 extending into the visible light transmission area 101, which is equivalent to increasing the area size of the first surface wave suppressor 41. This effectively blocks the creeping waves on the glass surface, reduces dielectric loss, and improves antenna radiation efficiency, solving the problem of low high-frequency (3300MHz-5000MHz) radiation efficiency of 5G MIMO antennas. In addition, in order to ensure that the sum of the widths of the first surface wave suppressor 41 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 meets the requirements, the width of the second surface wave suppressor 42 can be increased, and the width of the first surface wave suppressor 41 can be reduced accordingly. This makes the width W of the 5G MIMO antenna in the shielding area 102 ≤ 30mm, thus allowing it to be arranged in the narrow shielding area 102 in the width direction.

[0064] To effectively suppress creeping waves on the glass surface, optionally, a first surface wave suppressor 41 is disposed around the periphery of the radiating oscillator 30. Specifically, the first surface wave suppressor 41 is arranged at least on the side of the radiating oscillator 30 facing the metal film layer 20 and on opposite sides along the length of the shielding region 102. A second surface wave suppressor 42 is disposed around the periphery of the radiating oscillator 30, with its projection along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10. Specifically, the projection of the second surface wave suppressor 42 along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10 is arranged at least on the side of the radiating oscillator 30 facing the metal film layer 20 and on opposite sides along the length of the shielding region 102. Of course, the shapes of the first surface wave suppressor 41 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, as long as the projections of the first surface wave suppressor 41 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10 form an overall arrangement around the periphery of the radiating oscillator 30, which is not limited here.

[0065] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the second surface wave suppressor 42 is a transparent metal layer. Thus, the second surface wave suppressor 42 can extend into the visible light transmission region 101 without obstructing it. More specifically, the second surface wave suppressor 42 and the metal film layer 20 are, for example, made of the same transparent metal material. The transparent metal material includes, but is not limited to, two, three, or four layers of silver material plated on the dielectric body 10, or other materials. The visible light transmittance of the transparent metal material is preferably greater than 70%, specifically, for example, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99%. Furthermore, the transparent metal material in this embodiment can be a pure metal material, a metal alloy material, or a metal oxide, etc., and can be flexibly adjusted and selected according to actual needs, without limitation here.

[0066] During the manufacturing process of the dielectric body 10, a solid, transparent metal layer can be deposited on the dielectric body 10 using methods including but not limited to plating. Then, various methods, including but not limited to laser engraving or chemical etching, can be used to process the metal film layer 20 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 onto the metal layer. This process achieves high production efficiency and enables the coexistence of the second surface wave suppressor 42 and the metal film layer 20. The second surface wave suppressor 42 and the metal film layer 20 are combined and interact with each other, jointly participating in radiation. This solves the problem of the metal film layer 20 reflecting and shielding antenna signals, achieving ultra-wideband coverage for 5G MIMO antennas.

[0067] Of course, as some optional solutions, the second surface wave suppressor 42 and the metal film layer 20 can be processed independently or disposed in different layers of the dielectric body 10. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions here.

[0068] For example, the first surface wave suppressor 41, the radiating oscillator 30, and the grounding portion 50 are each, but not limited to, metal layers plated, printed, or attached to the dielectric body 10.

[0069] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first surface wave suppressor 41, the radiating oscillator 30, and the grounding portion 50 are, for example, silver paste layers printed on the shielding area 102 of the inner sidewall of the dielectric body 10. In practice, silver paste can be printed on the shielding area 102 of the inner sidewall of the dielectric body 10 first, and then sintered to obtain the silver paste layer.

[0070] For example, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 The radiating oscillator 30 can be disposed on the same layer as the first surface wave suppressor 41 in the dielectric body 10. (For further information, please refer to...) Figures 9 to 11The radiating oscillator 30 can also be disposed on the same layer as the second surface wave suppressor 42 in the dielectric body 10. That is, the radiating oscillator 30 and the first surface wave suppressor 41 are disposed on different layers of the dielectric body 10.

[0071] Please refer to Figures 9 to 11 When the radiating element 30 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 are disposed on the same layer of the dielectric body 10, that is, both the radiating element 30 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 are disposed within the laminated glass, in order to facilitate the feeding of the radiating element 30, the antenna device, for example, also includes a coupling element 60, which is coupled to the radiating element 30. The coupling element 60 and the first surface wave suppressor 41 are disposed on the same layer of the dielectric body 10, specifically, for example, located on the inner sidewall of the dielectric body 10. The coupling element 60 can be easily electrically connected to the inner conductor of the feed line. The coupling element 60 can feed the antenna signal to the radiating element 30, achieving a coupling feeding effect. Simultaneously, the coupling element 60 and the radiating element 30 form a radiator, jointly radiating and optimizing the antenna.

[0072] It should be noted that, regardless of whether the radiating oscillator 30 and the first surface wave suppressor 41 are disposed on the same layer of the dielectric body 10, or whether the radiating oscillator 30 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 are disposed on the same layer of the dielectric body 10, the radiating oscillator 30 can be completely disposed in the shielding area 102. Of course, if the area of ​​the shielding area 102 is insufficient, it can also be partially extended to the film removal area 21.

[0073] For example, the coupling element 60 is disposed on the dielectric body 10, with a portion of the coupling element 60 located in the shielding region 102 and another portion extending to the decoupling region 21. The coupling element 60 and the radiating element 30 overlap at least partially along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10. These overlapping portions are coupled due to their close proximity, meaning the coupling element 60 and the radiating element 30 are coupled together. Thus, not only can the radiating element 30 radiate antenna signals, but the coupling element 60 can also radiate antenna signals. Under the action of the coupling element 60, bandwidth can be broadened, radiation pattern adjusted, and antenna performance optimized.

[0074] For example, the coupling oscillator 60 is a transparent metal layer. Thus, the coupling oscillator 60 can extend to the film removal region 21 without obstructing the visible light transmission region 101. Optionally, the coupling oscillator 60 and the metal film layer 20 are located in the same layer of the dielectric body 10, and the metal material of the coupling oscillator 60 and the metal film layer 20 is the same. The coupling oscillator 60 can be fabricated simultaneously with the metal film layer 20, resulting in higher production efficiency. Of course, as some alternative solutions, the coupling oscillator 60 can also be located in a different layer of the dielectric body 10 from the metal film layer 20.

[0075] For example, the portion of the radiating vibrator 30 used to connect with the inner conductor of the feed line is also positioned corresponding to the coupling vibrator 60 along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10. Specifically, the radiating vibrator 30 has a first welding point 31 for welding to the inner conductor, and the first welding point 31 corresponds to the position of the coupling vibrator 60 along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10. In this way, the distance between the mutual coupling portion of the coupling vibrator 60 and the radiating vibrator 30 and the first welding point 31 is the shortest, that is, the distance to the inner conductor is the shortest, and the coupling energy is the strongest. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the first welding point 31 is located at the lower left corner of the radiating vibrator 30, the lower left corner of the coupling vibrator 60 is aligned with the lower left corner of the radiating vibrator 30 along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10; when the first welding point 31 is located at the lower right corner of the radiating vibrator 30, the lower right corner of the coupling vibrator 60 is aligned with the lower right corner of the radiating vibrator 30 along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10.

[0076] For example, the surface wave suppressor 40 is also wound around the periphery of the coupling element 60 and is insulated from the coupling element 60 to avoid short circuits. Optionally, the first surface wave suppressor 41 and / or the second surface wave suppressor 42 are wound around the periphery of the coupling element 60 and are insulated from the coupling element 60 to avoid short circuits. Specifically, the surface wave suppressor 40 is arranged, for example, on the side of the coupling element 60 facing the metal film layer 20 and on opposite sides along the length of the shielding region 102. In this way, surface creeping waves can be effectively blocked, thereby improving antenna radiation efficiency and isolation.

[0077] In this embodiment, the second surface wave suppressor 42 and the coupling oscillator 60 are disposed on the same layer of the dielectric body 10. The second surface wave suppressor 42 is wound around the periphery of the parasitic element and is insulated from the coupling oscillator 60 to avoid short circuits.

[0078] In scenarios where the antenna device is specifically used on the windshield, side windows, or sunroof, the antenna signal will be affected by interference from the body panel because the radiating element 30 is close to the body panel. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 7 and Figure 8 For example, the grounding portion 50 is at least disposed on the side of the radiating element 30 opposite to the visible light transmission area 101, that is, the grounding portion 50 is disposed between the radiating element 30 and the vehicle body sheet metal, thereby effectively reducing the interference of the vehicle body sheet metal on the antenna signal of the radiating element 30. The grounding portion 50 and the radiating element 30 cooperate to form a radiating gap, making the 5G MIMO antenna specifically a slot antenna, increasing the size of the antenna ground and improving the 5G MIMO antenna's resistance to sheet metal interference.

[0079] Specifically, the grounding portion 50 is provided with a second groove 52. The opening of the second groove 52 faces the visible light transmission area 101, that is, away from the body sheet metal. The radiating vibrator 30 is disposed in the second groove 52, and the radiating vibrator 30 and the groove wall of the second groove 52 are fitted with a gap to form a radiating gap.

[0080] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 Compared to Figures 2 to 4 As exemplified in the antenna device shown, the antenna device also includes a color difference adjustment element 70. The color difference adjustment element 70 is disposed in a location other than the second surface wave suppressor 42 in the film region 21. After the color difference adjustment element 70 compensates for the color difference, the color difference between the film region 21 and other areas of the visible light transmission region 101 can be reduced, thereby improving the product appearance.

[0081] Optionally, the color difference adjustment element 70 is disposed in the area between the second surface wave suppressor 42 and the metal film layer 20 to reduce the color difference between the area between the metal film layer 20 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 and the area where the metal film layer 20 is located.

[0082] Optionally, the color difference adjustment element 70 is disposed between the coupling oscillator 60 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 to reduce the color difference between the area between the coupling oscillator 60 and the second surface wave suppressor 42 and the area where the metal film layer 20 is located.

[0083] For example, the color difference adjuster 70 includes a transparent metal layer, specifically made of the same material as the metal film layer 20. The color difference adjuster 70 is insulated from the second surface wave suppressor 42, the metal film layer 20, and the coupling oscillator 60, respectively, to avoid electrical contact that could lead to short circuit defects.

[0084] Optionally, the color difference adjustment component 70 includes multiple units 71 arranged in an array on the medium body 10. By adjusting the area of ​​each unit 71 and the spacing between adjacent units 71, the visible light transmittance of the color difference adjustment component 70 can be adjusted accordingly, thereby improving the color difference. Optionally, the outline shape of each unit 71 includes, but is not limited to, regular shapes such as circles, ellipses, and polygons, as well as other irregular shapes. Among them, polygons are, for example, rectangles, pentagons, etc., and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs.

[0085] The deviation between the visible light transmittance of the color difference adjusting component 70 and the visible light transmittance of the second surface wave suppressor 42 is within a first preset range, and the deviation between the visible light transmittance of the color difference adjusting component 70 and the visible light transmittance of the metal film layer 20 is within a second preset range. The first and second preset ranges are adjusted and set independently according to actual needs, and are not limited here, as long as the color difference of the three is small and not easily distinguishable.

[0086] In one specific embodiment, the color difference adjustment component 70, the metal film layer 20, and the second surface wave suppressor 42 are all set as metal layers with the same visible light transmittance, and are processed simultaneously on the medium body 10 using various film removal technologies such as laser engraving, which has high processing efficiency.

[0087] It should be noted that the radiating element 30 may include one or more radiating stubs, the specific number of which can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs and is not limited here. While ensuring antenna performance, the shape of the radiating stubs can be flexibly adjusted and designed according to actual needs. For example, each radiating stub can be rectangular; it can also be designed as the shape of a manufacturer's trademark, or a company / product logo, thus simultaneously solving the problems of signal shielding and logo placement; it can also be set to other shapes, which are not limited here. Furthermore, if the electrical length of the designed letters or patterns is too long, techniques such as laser film removal can be used to break off the excess parts on the radiating stubs. This allows for arbitrary deformation of the antenna pattern, achieving the effect of beautifying the antenna in transparent areas.

[0088] Alternatively, according to the wave speed formula V (wave speed) = λ (wavelength) * f (frequency), in the same medium, the wave propagation speed is the same, and the product of wavelength and frequency remains unchanged. Therefore, λ = v / f, and wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional; that is, the higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength. Thus, by adjusting the electrical length of each radiating branch, the frequency band can be adjusted accordingly.

[0089] Please see Figure 12 and Figure 13 , Figure 12 The diagram shows the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of an antenna device according to an embodiment of this application. The horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents VSWR. The diagram shows the VSWR of the transparent radiating element 30 at different frequencies. Furthermore, Figure 13 A simulation efficiency graph of an antenna device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 12 and Figure 13 As can be seen, the VSWR is below 3 in the frequency range of 1710MHz-5000MHz, meeting the performance requirements of the vehicle-mounted antenna. The radiation efficiency is greater than 74% in the frequency range of 1710MHz-5000MHz, which meets the 50% requirement.

[0090] Please see Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment, this application also provides an apparatus that includes the antenna device of any of the above embodiments.

[0091] In the aforementioned device, when the width of the shielding area 102 is reduced, a portion of the surface wave suppressor 40 can be arranged in the film removal area 21, i.e., in the visible light transmission area 101. This way, the antenna design layout is not limited to the shielding area 102, but can be arranged in the visible light transmission area 101 of the glass, fully utilizing the visible light transmission area 101 of the glass, effectively expanding the antenna layout space, and solving the problem of the width of the shielding area 102 (e.g., ...). Figure 2 The problem that the W shown is too small to accommodate antenna placement is solved by improving the utilization rate of the glass.

[0092] In one embodiment, the device includes, but is not limited to, any one or a combination of vehicle window glass, display case, building window curtain wall, automobile, ship, vehicle, human-computer interaction, electrical appliance, and information kiosk. In this embodiment, the device is specifically vehicle window glass, which includes, but is not limited to, windshield, rear windshield, corner window, sunroof, and left and right side windows.

[0093] In one embodiment, the vehicle includes, but is not limited to, automobiles, jeeps, buses, coaches, trucks, airplanes, trains, taxis, coaches, etc. The vehicle includes a glass antenna as described in any of the above embodiments, and also includes a vehicle body, with the glass antenna connected to the vehicle body. When the vehicle is an automobile, the medium body 10 includes, but is not limited to, being on the windshield, rear windshield, corner windows, sunroof, left and right side windows, etc.

[0094] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0095] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0096] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0097] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that, include: The medium body has a visible light transmission area and a shielding area. The shielding area is located in the peripheral area of ​​the medium body, and the visible light transmission area is located in the area outside the shielding area on the medium body. A metal film layer is disposed on the medium body and located in the visible light transmission area. A film removal area is provided on the side of the metal film layer near the shielding area. A radiating oscillator, wherein the radiating oscillator is disposed on the medium body, and the radiating oscillator is at least partially located in the shielding area; and A surface wave suppressor is disposed on the medium body, the surface wave suppressor is arranged around the periphery of the radiating oscillator, and the surface wave suppressor and the radiating oscillator are spaced apart.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface wave suppressor is located in part of the shielding area and extends to the film removal area.

3. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna device further includes a grounding part, which is disposed on the dielectric body and located in the shielding area. The grounding part is used to electrically connect with the outer conductor of the feed line, and the radiating element is used to electrically connect with the inner conductor of the feed line. The surface wave suppressor is also disposed around the periphery of the grounding part, and / or the surface wave suppressor is electrically connected to the grounding part.

4. The antenna device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The surface wave suppressor includes a first surface wave suppressor and a second surface wave suppressor; the first surface wave suppressor is disposed in the shielding area; the second surface wave suppressor is at least partially disposed in the visible light transmission area, and the second surface wave suppressor and the metal film layer are located in the same layer; the first surface wave suppressor and the second surface wave suppressor are located in different layers of the dielectric body and are coupled together.

5. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The metal film layer and / or the second surface wave suppressor are transparent metal layers with a visible light transmittance of ≥70%.

6. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first surface wave suppressor is disposed around the periphery of the radiating oscillator; and / or, the second surface wave suppressor is disposed around the periphery of the radiating oscillator along the thickness direction of the medium body.

7. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radiating oscillator and the first surface wave suppressor are disposed in the same layer of the dielectric body; or... The radiating dipole and the second surface wave suppressor are disposed on the same layer of the dielectric body. The antenna device also includes a coupling dipole, which is disposed on the same layer of the dielectric body as the first surface wave suppressor and is coupled to the radiating dipole.

8. The antenna device according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that, The grounding part is arranged at least on the side of the radiating oscillator away from the visible light transmission area, and a radiating gap is formed between the grounding part and the radiating oscillator.

9. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The antenna device further includes a chromatic aberration adjustment element, which is disposed outside the second surface wave suppressor in the membrane region.

10. The antenna device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The color difference adjusting element is a transparent metal layer, and the color difference adjusting element is insulated from the second surface wave suppressor and the metal film layer respectively; the color difference adjusting element includes a plurality of units arranged in an array on the medium body; the deviation between the visible light transmittance of the color difference adjusting element and the visible light transmittance of the second surface wave suppressor is within a first preset range, and the deviation between the visible light transmittance of the color difference adjusting element and the visible light transmittance of the metal film layer is within a second preset range.

11. A device, characterized in that, The device includes an antenna device as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the device is any one or a combination of vehicle window glass, display case, building window curtain wall, vehicle, ship, human-computer interaction, electrical appliance, and information kiosk.

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