hub

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of concentrator, including circuit board and the multiple input port groups of being fixed on circuit board, signal converter, CAN output assembly and output port group, first input port group is used to connect with the CAN data transmission line outside concentrator, second input port group is used to connect with the analog quantity data transmission line outside concentrator, third input port group is used to connect with the RS232 data transmission line outside concentrator, fourth input port group is used to connect with the RS485 data transmission line outside concentrator, each input port group is connected with signal converter by receiver respectively, the output of signal converter is connected with the input of CAN output assembly, the output of CAN output assembly is connected with output port group.This kind of concentrator guarantees CAN bus real-time simultaneously, realizes the efficient conversion and stable transmission of heterogeneous signal, significantly improves the compatibility, real-time performance and reliability of system integration in industrial control and automobile test scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle testing technology, and in particular to a hub. Background Technology

[0002] CAN (Controller Area Network) bus, as a classic fieldbus communication protocol, is widely used in automotive electronics, industrial control, and distributed systems due to its high reliability, real-time performance, and anti-interference capabilities. For example, in automobiles, with increasing electrification, the number of sensors on vehicles is also increasing, and the signal output types of these sensors are different. This leads to bus contention during the automotive R&D and testing phase, especially in scenarios with an increased number of nodes or dense transmission of high-priority messages. Although arbitration mechanisms can ensure priority transmission of critical messages, retransmission mechanisms can still cause accumulated delays in non-critical messages. This is particularly pronounced in scenarios with high real-time requirements for multi-sensor collaborative control (such as automotive powertrain systems and industrial robot control), where the communication latency problem of traditional CAN networks becomes increasingly prominent. Furthermore, in industrial environments with high loads or complex electromagnetic interference, hubs are prone to communication interruptions due to frame loss, bit errors, or improper handling of erroneous frames. This is especially true in mixed-rate networks (such as CAN and CANFD coexisting), where the compatibility and stability issues of traditional hubs are more significant. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of communication delay, poor compatibility and stability when hubs integrate multiple types of signals in the prior art.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention discloses a hub, which includes a circuit board, a plurality of input port groups, a signal converter, a CAN output component, and an output port group fixed on the circuit board.

[0005] The multiple input port groups include a first input port group, a second input port group, a third input port group, and a fourth input port group. The first input port group is used to connect to the CAN data transmission line outside the hub, the second input port group is used to connect to the analog data transmission line outside the hub, the third input port group is used to connect to the RS232 data transmission line outside the hub, and the fourth input port group is used to connect to the RS485 data transmission line outside the hub.

[0006] Furthermore, each input port group is connected to a signal converter via a receiver, the output of the signal converter is connected to the input of the CAN output component, and the output of the CAN output component is connected to the output port group.

[0007] By employing the above technical solution, this hub, through the configuration of the first to fourth input port groups (CAN / analog / RS232 / RS485), achieves full coverage of mainstream industrial communication protocols and signal types. Compared to the limitations of traditional CAN hubs that only support a single CAN protocol, this hub can directly connect to analog sensors (such as temperature and pressure sensors) and RS232 / RS485 devices (such as PLCs and frequency converters), and convert them through signal converters, reducing the complexity of the back-end data acquisition system. Of course, all signals are processed and output uniformly from the output port group, which also simplifies the wiring of the test system.

[0008] Furthermore, each input port group is connected to a signal converter via an independent receiver, enabling parallel signal acquisition and preprocessing. It can intelligently prioritize CAN messages and non-CAN signals (such as analog data) to ensure that high real-time signals (such as CAN bus control commands) are transmitted first. At the same time, hardware-level signal conditioning circuits reduce analog sampling noise and reduce the accumulation of delays caused by signal conversion.

[0009] Furthermore, the use of an independently configured receiver for each input port ensures physical isolation between different signal types, preventing series interference. For example, RS485 differential signals and analog sensitive signals are processed through independent receiving channels. Combined with the error frame retransmission mechanism and bus fault isolation function of the CAN output component, this effectively suppresses electromagnetic interference (EMI) and data loss caused by bus overload, improving communication stability in complex industrial environments.

[0010] The present invention also discloses a hub, wherein the receiver between the first input port group and the signal converter is configured as a CAN receiver component; the receiver between the second input port group and the signal converter is configured as an analog receiver component; the receiver between the third input port group and the signal converter is configured as an RS232 receiver component; and the receiver between the fourth input port group and the signal converter is configured as an RS485 receiver component.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, dedicated receiving components are set up for data transmission lines of different signals to process different signals. While ensuring multi-protocol compatibility, communication latency and system noise are significantly reduced, and network stability and scalability in complex industrial environments are improved.

[0012] The present invention also discloses a hub, wherein the CAN receiving component includes a CAN receiving chip, which can process CAN data and CAN FD data. The input pins of the CAN receiving chip are connected to the corresponding first input ports of the first input port group, and the output pins of the CAN receiving chip are connected to a signal converter.

[0013] The analog signal receiving component includes an analog signal receiving chip, an operational amplifier, and an RC filter connected in series. The input pin of the analog signal receiving chip is connected to the corresponding second input port of the second input port group, the output pin of the analog signal receiving chip is connected to the operational amplifier, the operational amplifier is connected to the RC filter, and the signal converter is connected through the RC filter.

[0014] The RS232 receiver component includes an RS232 receiver chip. The input pins of the RS232 receiver chip are connected to the corresponding third input ports of the third input port group, and the output pins of the RS232 receiver chip are connected to the signal converter.

[0015] The RS485 receiver component includes an RS485 receiver chip. The input pins of the RS485 receiver chip are connected to the corresponding fourth input port of the fourth input port group, and the output pins of the RS485 receiver chip are connected to the signal converter.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a hub, wherein the signal converter includes a control chip, a protocol conversion chip, and a buffer. The control chip is connected to the protocol conversion chip, and the buffer is connected to the protocol conversion chip. Furthermore, the first input port group, the third input port group, and the fourth input port group are respectively connected to the protocol conversion chip through corresponding receivers, and the second input port group is connected to the control chip through a corresponding receiver.

[0017] The present invention also discloses a hub, wherein the CAN output component includes a CAN output chip, the input pins of the CAN output chip are connected to a protocol conversion chip, and the output pins of the CAN output chip are connected to the corresponding output ports of the output port group.

[0018] This utility model also discloses a hub, which further includes a power supply component mounted on a circuit board. The power supply component is connected to the control chip of the signal converter, and can supply power to the load on the external data transmission line through multiple input port groups. The power supply component includes power supplies and voltage-regulating capacitors connected in parallel.

[0019] Using the above technical solution, the power supply component not only provides power for the hub's operation, but also supplies power to the load on the external data transmission line through multiple input port groups, eliminating the need for an additional power supply to the load under test (e.g., a sensor). Even if the sensor is driven by an external power source (e.g., a car battery), the voltage-stabilizing capacitor connected in parallel with the power source in the power supply component can stabilize the voltage, thereby stabilizing the voltage in the circuit and preventing voltage drops (potential reduction caused by resistance or impedance when current flows through a conductor) from affecting the sensor's operation when the vehicle starts or high-power electrical appliances are connected.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a hub, which further includes a display component fixedly mounted on a circuit board. The display component includes an indicator light, which is connected to a control chip. The indicator light can flash in real time according to the power status, communication status, and fault type.

[0021] Using the above technical solution, users can intuitively obtain the hub's operating status without needing host computer software, making it particularly suitable for rapid on-site commissioning in industrial settings or mobile monitoring scenarios in automotive testing. For example, in distributed sensor networks, technicians can quickly confirm whether the signal conversion of each port is normal by checking the indicator light status, without having to check physical connections or protocol configurations one by one.

[0022] The present invention also discloses a hub, which further includes a crystal oscillator fixedly mounted on a circuit board and connected to a signal converter.

[0023] The above technical solution provides a stable clock source for the signal converter, ensuring the timing consistency of multi-protocol conversion from the bottom layer, improving the quality of data acquisition, reducing post-processing work such as data alignment, and thus significantly improving communication reliability, protocol compatibility and stability in complex environments.

[0024] The present invention also discloses a hub, wherein each input port of each input port group is configured as a LEMO connector, and each output port of each output port group is configured as a DB9 connector.

[0025] Using the above technical solution, the input port group employs LEMO connectors (such as the B series or T series). Their metal housing, push-pull locking mechanism, and IP67 waterproof rating can withstand interference from harsh environments such as vibration, humidity, and dust. Compared to traditional RJ45 or circular connectors, LEMO connectors can prevent signal interruption due to loose connections under dynamic stress scenarios in automotive testing (such as vehicle bumps), ensuring continuous and stable communication for analog sensors (such as vibration accelerometers) or RS485 devices (such as vehicle ECUs).

[0026] The output port group uses DB9 connectors, making it compatible with RS232 devices widely used in industrial control (such as PLCs and HMIs) and traditional CAN analyzers. This means that this hub can interface with existing equipment without additional adapter modules, reducing system upgrade costs.

[0027] The present invention also discloses a hub, which includes a housing, a circuit board, and a signal converter and CAN output component on the circuit board disposed inside the housing. The housing has multiple first openings and a second opening, with the multiple first openings corresponding one-to-one with multiple input port groups. Each input port group is located in the corresponding first opening, and the output port group is located in the second opening.

[0028] The above technical solution protects the circuit board and its integrated components from damage by external parts through a housing. Multiple first openings and one second opening on the housing facilitate the connection of external data transmission lines to corresponding input ports, as well as the connection of the output port group to the backend data acquisition system. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a hub provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 An electrical schematic diagram of a hub provided for an embodiment of this utility model.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 10. Circuit board;

[0033] 100. First input port group; 110. CAN receiver component; 111. CAN receiver chip;

[0034] 200. Second input port group; 210. Analog receiver component; 211. Analog receiver chip; 212. RC filter;

[0035] 300. Third input port group; 310. RS232 receiver component; 311. RS232 receiver chip;

[0036] 400. Fourth input port group; 410. RS485 receiver component; 411. RS485 receiver chip;

[0037] 500. Signal converter; 510. Control chip; 520. Protocol conversion chip; 530. Buffer;

[0038] 600. CAN output component; 610. CAN output chip;

[0039] 700, Output Port Group;

[0040] 800. Power supply components;

[0041] 900. Display components. Detailed Implementation

[0042] As mentioned in the background section, existing hubs suffer from communication delays, poor compatibility, and instability when integrating multiple types of signals.

[0043] To address this issue, this invention provides a hub. This hub has multiple input port groups, a signal converter, a CAN output component, and an output port group fixed on a circuit board. The first input port group connects to an external CAN data transmission line, the second input port group connects to an external analog data transmission line, the third input port group connects to an external RS232 data transmission line, and the fourth input port group connects to an external RS485 data transmission line. Each input port group is connected to the signal converter via a receiver. The output of the signal converter connects to the input of the CAN output component, and the output of the CAN output component connects to the output port group. Therefore, this hub ensures the real-time performance of the CAN bus while achieving efficient conversion and stable transmission of heterogeneous signals, significantly improving the compatibility, real-time performance, and reliability of system integration in industrial control and automotive testing scenarios.

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, this hub, by configuring the first to fourth input port groups (CAN / analog / RS232 / RS485) on the circuit board 10, achieves full coverage of mainstream industrial communication protocols and signal types. Compared to the limitation of traditional CAN hubs that only support a single CAN protocol, this hub can directly connect to analog sensors (such as temperature and pressure sensors) and RS232 / RS485 devices (such as PLCs and frequency converters), and convert them through the signal converter 500, reducing the complexity of the back-end data acquisition system. Of course, all signals are processed and output uniformly from the output port group 700, which also simplifies the wiring of the test system. It should be noted that each input port group can include one, two, three, or other numbers of input ports. Similarly, the output port group can also include one, two, three, or other numbers of output ports. This utility model does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0046] Furthermore, each input port group is connected to the signal converter 500 through an independent receiver, enabling parallel signal acquisition and preprocessing. It can intelligently prioritize CAN messages and non-CAN signals (such as analog data) to ensure that high real-time signals (such as CAN bus control commands) are transmitted first. At the same time, hardware-level signal conditioning circuits reduce analog sampling noise and reduce the accumulation of delays caused by signal conversion.

[0047] Furthermore, the use of independently configured receivers for each input port ensures physical isolation of different signal types, preventing series interference. For example, RS485 differential signals and analog sensitive signals are processed through independent receiving channels. Combined with the error frame retransmission mechanism and bus fault isolation function of the CAN output component 600, this effectively suppresses electromagnetic interference (EMI) and data loss caused by bus overload, improving communication stability in complex industrial environments.

[0048] It should be noted that dedicated receiving components are set up for data transmission lines of different signals to process different signals. While ensuring multi-protocol compatibility, this significantly reduces communication latency and system noise, and improves network stability and scalability in complex industrial environments.

[0049] The following provides a detailed description of the multiple input port groups.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the receiver between the first input port group 100 and the signal converter 500 is configured as a CAN receiving component 110. The CAN receiving component 110 includes a CAN receiving chip 111, which can process CAN data and CAN FD data. The input pins of the CAN receiving chip 111 are connected to the corresponding first input ports of the first input port group 100, and the output pins of the CAN receiving chip 111 are connected to the signal converter 500.

[0051] It should be noted that the CAN receiver chip 111 can be a TJA1145 chip, which features low electromagnetic radiation, high anti-interference capabilities, and high-speed processing of CAN data and CAN FD data. Of course, the CAN receiver chip 111 can also be a SIT1145AQ chip, a TI TCAN1044 chip, or an NXP TJA1462 chip, etc., and this embodiment does not impose a specific limitation on it.

[0052] The receiver between the second input port group 200 and the signal converter 500 is configured as an analog receiving component 210. The analog receiving component 210 includes an analog receiving chip 211, an operational amplifier (not shown in the figure), and an RC filter 212 connected in series. The input pin of the analog receiving chip 211 is connected to the corresponding second input port of the second input port group 200. The output pin of the analog receiving chip 211 is connected to the operational amplifier. The operational amplifier is connected to the RC filter 212 and connected to the signal converter 500 through the RC filter 212.

[0053] It should be noted that the analog receiver chip 211 can be an AD22037Z chip. The analog data modulated by the AD22037Z chip is amplified by an operational amplifier to bring the millivolt or microvolt level sensor input signal to a range suitable for the input of the digital-to-analog converter module. Then, it passes through an RC filter 212 to filter out signal components higher than half the sampling rate (Nyquist frequency) before the ADC conversion, preventing signal distortion. It should be noted that the RC filter 212 is actually a section of circuitry integrated on the circuit board 10. Of course, the analog receiver chip 211 can also be an ADXL103 / ADXL203 chip, an AD22037Z-RL7 chip, or an HCA205 chip; this embodiment does not limit it to a single chip.

[0054] The receiver between the third input port group 300 and the signal converter 500 is configured as an RS232 receiver component 310. The RS232 receiver component 310 includes an RS232 receiver chip 311. The input pins of the RS232 receiver chip 311 are connected to the corresponding third input port of the third input port group 300, and the output pins of the RS232 receiver chip 311 are connected to the signal converter 500.

[0055] It should be noted that the RS232 receiver chip 311 can be a MAX3232 chip, or a SIT3232E chip, SP3232E chip, or ADM3202 chip, etc. This embodiment does not limit it to a single chip.

[0056] The receiver between the fourth input port group 400 and the signal converter 500 is configured as an RS485 receiver component 410. The RS485 receiver component 410 includes an RS485 receiver chip 411. The input pins of the RS485 receiver chip 411 are connected to the corresponding fourth input port of the fourth input port group 400, and the output pins of the RS485 receiver chip 411 are connected to the signal converter 500.

[0057] Specifically, the RS485 receiver chip 411 can be a MAX485 chip, or an NX485 chip, an MS3485 chip, or an ADM2461E chip, etc. This embodiment does not limit it to a single chip.

[0058] It should be noted that, as Figure 2 As shown, the RS232 receiver chip 311 and the RS485 receiver chip 411 can be integrated together, or they can be set separately. This embodiment does not make a specific limitation on this.

[0059] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each input port of each input port group can be configured as a LEMO connector (such as the B series or T series). Its metal housing, push-pull locking mechanism, and IP67 waterproof rating can withstand interference from harsh environments such as vibration, humidity, and dust. Compared to traditional RJ45 or circular connectors, LEMO connectors can prevent signal interruption due to loose connections under dynamic stress scenarios in automotive testing (such as vehicle bumps), ensuring continuous and stable communication for analog sensors (such as vibration accelerometers) or RS485 devices (such as vehicle ECUs).

[0060] The signal converter 500 of the hub in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0061] As its name suggests, the signal converter 500, as the core component of this hub, mainly converts various signals, such as analog signals, RS232, and RS485 to CAN or CAN FD. It also adjusts the baud rate of the CAN sent by the CAN receiving component 110 so that the baud rate of the CAN sent by the CAN receiving component 110 is consistent with the baud rate of the CAN converted from other signals. Of course, the signal converter 500 also has the function of converting the converted CAN to different baud rates according to the definition of the host computer.

[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the signal converter 500 includes a control chip 510, a protocol conversion chip 520, and a buffer 530. The control chip 510 is connected to the protocol conversion chip 520, and the buffer 530 is connected to the protocol conversion chip 520.

[0063] The first input port group 100, the third input port group 300, and the fourth input port group 400 are connected to the protocol conversion chip 520 through their respective receivers, while the second input port group 200 is connected to the control chip 510 through its corresponding receiver. The protocol conversion chip 520 converts signals, and during signal conversion, a buffer 530 (such as a FIFO) temporarily stores data streams at different rates to prevent data loss due to rate mismatch. For example, when the CAN FD data rate is higher than the ADC sampling rate, the buffer 530 can buffer the data to ensure synchronization; during protocol conversion, the buffer 530 coordinates the baud rates of different devices to ensure data synchronization between CAN / CAN FD and other protocols (such as RS485).

[0064] It should be noted that the protocol conversion chip 520 should support the CAN protocol and the CAN FD protocol. Specifically, the protocol conversion chip 520 can be a Cortex-M7 chip. Of course, the protocol conversion chip 520 can also be an STM32H7 chip or an NXPi.MX RT1170 chip. This embodiment does not limit it to this.

[0065] More specifically, the control chip 510 includes an integrated STM32H7 chip and an ADS1220 chip, which has the function of encoding the voltage input transmitted by the receiver into a TTL level signal.

[0066] The CAN output component 600 of the hub in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the CAN output component 600 includes a CAN output chip 610. The input pins of the CAN output chip 610 are connected to the protocol conversion chip 520, and the output pins of the CAN output chip 610 are connected to the corresponding output ports of the output port group 700. It should be noted that the number of CAN output chips 610 can be one, two, or three, and this embodiment does not limit this to a single one.

[0068] More specifically, the CAN output chip 610 can be a TJA1044GT chip, or it can be a SIT1044Q chip, an NXP TJA1042T / 3 chip, or a SIT1043QT / 3 chip. This embodiment does not limit it to a single chip.

[0069] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the hub also includes a power supply component 800 mounted on the circuit board 10. The power supply component 800 is connected to the control chip 510 of the signal converter 500, and the power supply component 800 can supply power to the load on the external data transmission line through multiple input port groups. The power supply component 800 includes power supplies and voltage regulator capacitors connected in parallel.

[0070] The power supply component 800 not only provides power for the hub's operation but also supplies power to loads on external data transmission lines via multiple input port groups, eliminating the need for an external power supply to the load under test (e.g., sensors). Even when the sensor is driven by an external power source (e.g., a car battery), the voltage regulator capacitor connected in parallel with the power supply in the power supply component 800 stabilizes the voltage, for example, providing a constant 12V supply in environments with voltages below 9V, while simultaneously supplying a maximum of 24V to the load (e.g., sensors). The voltage regulator capacitor further enhances the voltage regulation effect, preventing voltage drops (potential reduction caused by resistance or impedance when current flows through a conductor) from affecting the sensor's operation during vehicle startup and connection of high-power electrical appliances.

[0071] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the hub also includes a display component 900 fixedly mounted on the circuit board 10. The display component 900 includes indicator lights, which are connected to the control chip 510. The indicator lights can flash in real time according to the power status, communication status, and fault type. For example, the indicator lights will light up after the circuit is powered on, and if the backend data acquisition instrument is offline or the sensor signal is lost, the control chip 510 will record the fault information and control the indicator lights to flash. Of course, the display component 900 is not limited to indicator lights, and may also include a buzzer, a display screen, etc. This embodiment does not limit it to this specific type.

[0072] In this embodiment, users can intuitively obtain the hub's operating status without needing host computer software, making it particularly suitable for rapid on-site commissioning in industrial settings or mobile monitoring scenarios in automotive testing. For example, in a distributed sensor network, technicians can quickly confirm whether the signal conversion of each port is normal by checking the indicator light status, without having to check physical connections or protocol configurations one by one.

[0073] It should be noted that the distribution of various components on circuit board 10 is not limited to... Figure 1 The arrangement of the components can be designed by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions and specific needs, and this embodiment does not limit it to a single method.

[0074] Furthermore, in order to unify the timeline of data acquisition and ensure that different types of sensors can be recorded on the same timeline, this hub also includes a crystal oscillator fixedly mounted on the circuit board 10. The crystal oscillator is an electronic component that uses the piezoelectric effect of quartz crystal to generate a stable frequency signal. When connected to the signal converter 500, it can provide a stable clock source for the signal converter 500, ensuring the timing consistency of multi-protocol conversion from the bottom layer, improving the quality of data acquisition, reducing post-processing work such as data alignment, and thus significantly improving communication reliability, protocol compatibility and stability in complex environments.

[0075] It should be noted that each output port of the output port group 700 used for output signals is equipped with a DB9 connector, which is compatible with RS232 devices (such as PLCs and HMIs) and traditional CAN analyzers widely used in industrial control. In other words, this hub can interface with existing equipment without additional adapter modules, reducing system upgrade costs.

[0076] Of course, such a hub can have a housing (not shown in the figure) on the outside of the circuit board 10, the signal converter 500 on the circuit board 10 and the CAN output component 600. The housing has multiple first openings and a second opening. The multiple first openings correspond one-to-one with multiple input port groups. Each input port group is located in the corresponding first opening, and the output port group 700 is located in the second opening.

[0077] In this embodiment, the circuit board 10 and the components integrated on it are protected by a housing to prevent the precision chip from being damaged by other external components. The multiple first openings and one second opening on the housing facilitate the connection of external data transmission lines to the corresponding input ports, as well as the connection of the output port group 700 to the backend data acquisition system.

[0078] It should be noted that, in addition to the specific embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of this utility model is presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this utility model are limited to that embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the utility model in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of this utility model. In order to provide a deep understanding of this utility model, many specific details are included in the above description, and this utility model may also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this utility model, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0079] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0080] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the utility model product is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model.

[0081] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0082] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0083] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the present invention to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and detail, including some simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hub, characterized in that, Includes a circuit board, and multiple input port groups, a signal converter, a CAN output component, and an output port group fixed on the circuit board; wherein, The plurality of input port groups includes a first input port group, a second input port group, a third input port group, and a fourth input port group. The first input port group is used to connect to a CAN data transmission line external to the hub; the second input port group is used to connect to an analog data transmission line external to the hub; the third input port group is used to connect to an RS232 data transmission line external to the hub; and the fourth input port group is used to connect to an RS485 data transmission line external to the hub. Each of the input port groups is connected to the signal converter via a receiver, the output of the signal converter is connected to the input of the CAN output component, and the output of the CAN output component is connected to the output port group.

2. The hub as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The receiver between the first input port group and the signal converter is configured as a CAN receiver component; The receiver between the second input port group and the signal converter is configured as an analog signal receiving component; The receiver between the third input port group and the signal converter is configured as an RS232 receiver component. The receiver between the fourth input port group and the signal converter is configured as an RS485 receiver component.

3. The hub as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The CAN receiving component includes a CAN receiving chip, which can process CAN data and CAN FD data. The input pins of the CAN receiving chip are connected to the corresponding first input ports of the first input port group, and the output pins of the CAN receiving chip are connected to the signal converter. The analog signal receiving component includes an analog signal receiving chip, an operational amplifier, and an RC filter connected in series. The input pin of the analog signal receiving chip is connected to the corresponding second input port of the second input port group, the output pin of the analog signal receiving chip is connected to the operational amplifier, the operational amplifier is connected to the RC filter, and the signal converter is connected through the RC filter. The RS232 receiving component includes an RS232 receiving chip, the input pins of which are connected to the corresponding third input ports of the third input port group, and the output pins of which are connected to the signal converter. The RS485 receiving component includes an RS485 receiving chip, the input pins of which are connected to the corresponding fourth input port of the fourth input port group, and the output pins of which are connected to the signal converter.

4. The hub according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The signal converter includes a control chip, a protocol conversion chip, and a buffer. The control chip is connected to the protocol conversion chip, and the buffer is also connected to the protocol conversion chip. and, The first input port group, the third input port group, and the fourth input port group are respectively connected to the protocol conversion chip through the corresponding receiver, and the second input port group is connected to the control chip through the corresponding receiver.

5. The hub as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The CAN output component includes a CAN output chip, the input pins of which are connected to the protocol conversion chip, and the output pins of which are connected to the corresponding output ports of the output port group.

6. The hub as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The hub further includes a power supply component mounted on the circuit board, the power supply component being connected to the control chip of the signal converter, and the power supply component supplying power to the load on the external data transmission line through the plurality of input port groups; wherein, The power supply components include power supplies and voltage-regulating capacitors connected in parallel.

7. The hub as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The hub also includes a display component fixedly mounted on the circuit board. The display component includes an indicator light, which is connected to the control chip. The indicator light can flash in real time according to the power status, communication status, and fault type.

8. The hub as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The hub also includes a crystal oscillator fixedly mounted on the circuit board, and the crystal oscillator is connected to the signal converter.

9. The hub according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Each input port of each input port group is configured with a LEMO connector, and each output port of each output port group is configured with a DB9 connector.

10. The hub according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The hub also includes a housing, and the circuit board, the signal converter and the CAN output component on the circuit board are disposed in the housing. The housing has a plurality of first openings and a second opening. The plurality of first openings correspond one-to-one with the plurality of input port groups. Each input port group is located in the corresponding first opening, and the output port group is located in the second opening.

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