High-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit and electric drive controller assembly

Abstract

The application relates to the field of automobile electronics and provides a high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit and an electric drive controller assembly, the high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit comprising: at least one group of first protection modules; the first protection module is used for protecting a load in a circuit to prevent the load from being broken down or burnt out by induced voltage; the first protection module at least comprises: a driving module, one end of which is connected with a gate of an IGBT, used for controlling on-off of the IGBT, and the other end of which is connected with a controller; an emitter of the IGBT is connected with the load; wherein a current sensor is connected between the emitter of the IGBT and the load; a branch circuit, which is arranged in parallel with the IGBT, is used for protecting the load in the circuit to prevent the load from being broken down or burnt out by induced voltage. Compared with the prior art, the utility model can rapidly cut off a high-voltage passage, the device does not need to be replaced after removing a fault, the high-voltage passage is recovered, the control precision and the reliability are greatly improved, and the cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive electronics, and more particularly to a high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit and an electric drive controller assembly. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasingly widespread application of automotive electronics technology, electronic fuses, as an important protective application, are widely used in various automotive electrical systems. Traditional fuses have drawbacks such as low threshold current accuracy, incomplete current interruption, and long protection time when using Joule thermal triggering. Furthermore, once the metal melts, the fuse is irreversibly broken, requiring replacement of the fuse itself. Electronic fuses, on the other hand, are circuit protection devices that can replace traditional fuses. Their function is to disconnect the circuit in the event of a short circuit or overload, preventing damage to circuits and electrical components, thus providing protection.

[0003] Electronic fuses can also integrate overcurrent, overvoltage, short circuit, and overheat protection functions, as well as peak current suppression (current rate control) and reverse current prevention functions, which can effectively protect circuits and equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit and electric drive controller assembly that can quickly cut off the high-voltage path, restore the high-voltage path without replacing components after troubleshooting, greatly improve control accuracy and reliability, and save costs. The specific solution is as follows:

[0005] A high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit includes:

[0006] At least one set of first protection modules; the first protection module is used to protect the load in the circuit from being broken down or burned by induced voltage;

[0007] The first protection module includes at least:

[0008] The drive module is connected to the gate of the IGBT at one end to control the on / off state of the IGBT, and connected to the controller at the other end.

[0009] The emitter of the IGBT is connected to the load; a current sensor is connected between the emitter of the IGBT and the load.

[0010] A branch circuit, which is arranged in parallel with the IGBT, is used to protect the load in the circuit from being broken down or burned by induced voltage.

[0011] Furthermore, the branch circuit includes: a freewheeling protection diode and a freewheeling diode connected in sequence; wherein the freewheeling protection diode is connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of the IGBT; and the freewheeling protection diode and the IGBT together form an IGBT module; the negative terminal of the freewheeling protection diode is connected to the collector of the IGBT; the positive terminal of the freewheeling protection diode is connected to the emitter of the IGBT and the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode respectively; the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode is connected to the emitter of the IGBT; and the positive terminal of the freewheeling diode is connected to the load.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an NTC thermistor; the NTC thermistor is arranged on the outer surface of the IGBT and is used to detect the temperature of the IGBT module to prevent overheating and burning out of the components.

[0013] Furthermore, the load can be an inductive load or a capacitive load.

[0014] Furthermore, at least one of the second protection modules can be connected between the emitter of the IGBT and the load; the second protection module is used to prevent the load and controller in the circuit from being burned out by reverse current.

[0015] The second protection module is a reverse connection protection diode; wherein, the positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the emitter of the IGBT, the positive terminal of the freewheeling protection diode, and the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode, respectively, and the negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the load.

[0016] Furthermore, the load may also include a non-inductive load or a non-capacitive load.

[0017] An electric drive controller assembly includes the high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit described in the previous claim.

[0018] A vehicle including the aforementioned electric drive controller assembly.

[0019] The above solution achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] This application provides a high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit and an electric drive controller assembly; it includes at least one set of first protection modules; the first protection module is used to protect the load in the circuit from being broken down or burned by induced voltage; the first protection module includes at least: a drive module, one end of which is connected to the gate of the IGBT for controlling the switching of the IGBT, and the other end of which is connected to the controller; the emitter of the IGBT is connected to the load; wherein a current sensor is connected between the emitter of the IGBT and the load; a branch circuit, which is arranged in parallel with the IGBT for protecting the load in the circuit from being broken down or burned by induced voltage. Compared with traditional fuse designs, this utility model can control the switching of a high-power circuit with a small current signal to complete the protection of the high-voltage circuit, thereby achieving rapid disconnection of the high-voltage path, and eliminating the need to replace components after troubleshooting, greatly improving control accuracy and reliability and saving costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit;

[0022] Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit when a second protection module is not included and different loads are connected.

[0023] Figures 4 to 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of a high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit when applied to different non-capacitive or non-inductive loads. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this application clearer, the following will be described in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1-6 This application will be described in further detail. It is obvious that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments described herein. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described herein without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. The singular forms “a,” “said,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, and “multiple” generally includes at least two unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0026] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0027] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in the embodiments of this application, these descriptions should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the descriptions. For example, first may also be referred to as second without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, and similarly, second may also be referred to as first.

[0028] Depending on the context, the words “if” or “suppose” as used here can be interpreted as “when” or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection.” Similarly, depending on the context, the phrases “if determination” or “if detection (of the stated condition or event)” can be interpreted as “when determination” or “in response to determination” or “when detection (of the stated condition or event)” or “in response to detection (of the stated condition or event).”

[0029] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes said element.

[0030] It should be noted that any symbols and / or numbers present in the specification that are not marked in the accompanying drawings are not reference numerals.

[0031] Figures 1-5 In the diagram: T1-T5 represent IGBTs, D1-D5 represent freewheeling protection diodes; D6, D9, and D11 represent reverse connection protection diodes, all used to prevent damage to the system caused by reverse connection of the load; D7, D8, and D10 represent freewheeling diodes, used to protect the load in the circuit from breakdown or burnout by induced voltage.

[0032] It should be further noted that the NTC thermistor can be selected according to the actual operating conditions and can reflect the ambient temperature as well as the junction temperature of each IGBT module; the current sensor can be selected according to the actual operating conditions and is used to detect the current of the circuit in real time.

[0033] like Figure 1The high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit shown includes:

[0034] A set of first protection modules; the first protection module is used to protect the load in the circuit from being broken down or burned by induced voltage;

[0035] The first protection module includes:

[0036] The drive module is connected to the gate of the IGBT at one end to control the on / off state of the IGBT, and connected to the controller at the other end.

[0037] The emitter of the IGBT is connected to the load; a current sensor is connected between the emitter of the IGBT and the load.

[0038] A branch circuit, which is arranged in parallel with the IGBT, is used to protect the load in the circuit from being broken down or burned by induced voltage.

[0039] Specifically, this application provides a high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit that can be used at the high-voltage interface where an automotive motor controller connects to other external loads. It prevents damage to the controller's internal circuitry and external loads caused by accidental short circuits, ensuring circuit reliability and controllability. This design can control the on / off state of high-power circuits with a small current signal, prevents reverse connection, improves the lifespan of external capacitive loads, and protects high-voltage circuits. Furthermore, compared to traditional relays, this invention offers higher reliability, requires no replacement, and saves physical space, resulting in a more compact and rational layout for the entire controller.

[0040] Furthermore, the branch circuit includes: a freewheeling protection diode and a freewheeling diode connected in sequence; wherein the freewheeling protection diode is connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of the IGBT; and the freewheeling protection diode and the IGBT together form an IGBT module; the negative terminal of the freewheeling protection diode is connected to the collector of the IGBT; the positive terminal of the freewheeling protection diode is connected to the emitter of the IGBT and the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode respectively; the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode is connected to the emitter of the IGBT; and the positive terminal of the freewheeling diode is connected to the load.

[0041] Furthermore, this application also includes an NTC thermistor; the NTC thermistor is arranged on the outer surface of the IGBT and is used to detect the temperature of the IGBT module to prevent overheating and burning of components.

[0042] The load can be an inductive load or a capacitive load.

[0043] It should be noted that most connected loads are generally capacitive or inductive. This application innovatively utilizes a branch circuit—that is, a pre-charge circuit—to avoid capacitor and inductor overload. Taking a capacitive load as an example, when a large current flows through the load, the voltage across the capacitor rises rapidly, causing the capacitor to charge quickly and generate significant heat, thus affecting its lifespan and performance. When a pre-charge circuit (i.e., a branch circuit) is added, it buffers the voltage rise across the capacitor, reducing the negative impact of capacitor heating on the circuit.

[0044] See Figure 1 As shown, port 34 is connected to the controller, one end of which is connected to the gate of the IGBT through the drive module to control the switching on and off of the IGBT; ports 36-38 are connected to the power supply and are connected to the collector of the IGBT; port 35 is grounded; ports 1-3 and ports 4-6 are connected to the load.

[0045] When the load is an inductive load, the load will generate an induced voltage of several hundred volts instantaneously. At this time, the reverse induced current driven by the induced voltage is safely discharged through the branch circuit formed by the freewheeling diode D7 and the freewheeling protection diode D1. This circuit provides a low-resistance path for the induced current, allowing the current to circulate and gradually consume energy, thereby preventing the induced voltage from breaking down circuit devices such as IGBTs and effectively protecting the circuit.

[0046] Furthermore, at least one of the second protection modules can be connected between the emitter of the IGBT and the load; the second protection module is used to prevent the load and controller in the circuit from being burned out by reverse current.

[0047] The second protection module is a reverse connection protection diode; wherein, the positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the emitter of the IGBT, the positive terminal of the freewheeling protection diode, and the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode, respectively, and the negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the load; the load may also include a non-inductive load or a non-capacitive load.

[0048] It is understandable that by connecting a reverse connection protection diode, the circuit current can be cut off when the wiring is reversed, thus preventing the load and controller from being burned out by reverse current. This design also makes the high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit provided in this application suitable for non-inductive or non-capacitive loads, making the application range of this product wider and more practical.

[0049] It is understood that this application organically combines two control strategies—IGBT desaturation characteristic detection and current sensor detection—to protect the circuit under sudden conditions such as short circuits.

[0050] IGBT desaturation characteristic detection and protection: Used for short-circuit protection. Under short-circuit conditions, the IGBT will quickly desaturate and automatically shut down the protection circuit.

[0051] Explanation of the current sensor detection and protection strategy: In overcurrent protection situations, an overcurrent limit is set. By implementing current detection in the circuit, when the current exceeds the current limit and remains above it for a preset time, the control chip quickly turns off the IGBT, ensuring the current returns to normal. After checking and troubleshooting the abnormality, the IGBT resumes conduction. A small resistor is connected to the emitter of IGBT1. A current sensor detects the current in the circuit and transmits this information to the MCU control chip. When the current is within the normal range, a signal is sent to the IGBT gate to turn it on. If the current exceeds the normal range, the drive module receives the current sensor signal and then controls the IGBT to turn off via the gate signal. Thus, the switching function of the IGBT module enables it to function as a relay in high-voltage circuits, controlling and protecting against overload, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the entire circuit when an external load is connected.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a high-voltage power supply topology diagram for the electric drive controller assembly.

[0053] See Figure 6 It is understood that the high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit provided in this application has been widely used in electric drive control assemblies, such as in the pre-charge circuit as a selector switch, and in the multi-in-one controller branch, the electronic fuse unit arranged in the main PDU and the main drive circuit plays a role in pre-charging the two main circuits.

[0054] It is applied at the load end as overcurrent and overvoltage protection. The high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit arranged on the reserved PDU, battery heating, and PTC branch realizes the function of overvoltage protection to prevent surge, quickly cut off current and recover autonomously.

[0055] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit, characterized in that, include: At least one set of first protection modules; The first protection module is used to protect the load in the circuit from being broken down or burned by induced voltage; The first protection module includes at least: The drive module is connected to the gate of the IGBT at one end to control the on / off state of the IGBT, and connected to the controller at the other end. The emitter of the IGBT is connected to the load; a current sensor is connected between the emitter of the IGBT and the load. A branch circuit, which is arranged in parallel with the IGBT, is used to protect the load in the circuit from being broken down or burned by induced voltage.

2. The high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The branch circuit includes: a freewheeling protection diode and a freewheeling diode connected in sequence; wherein, the freewheeling protection diode is connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of the IGBT; and the freewheeling protection diode and the IGBT together form an IGBT module; the negative terminal of the freewheeling protection diode is connected to the collector of the IGBT; the positive terminal of the freewheeling protection diode is connected to the emitter of the IGBT and the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode respectively; the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode is connected to the emitter of the IGBT; and the positive terminal of the freewheeling diode is connected to the load.

3. The high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an NTC thermistor; the NTC thermistor is arranged on the outer surface of the IGBT and is used to detect the temperature of the IGBT module to prevent overheating and burning of components.

4. The high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The load can be an inductive load or a capacitive load.

5. The high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one second protection module may be connected between the emitter of the IGBT and the load; the second protection module is used to prevent the load and controller in the circuit from being burned out by reverse current. The second protection module is a reverse connection protection diode; wherein, the positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the emitter of the IGBT, the positive terminal of the freewheeling protection diode, and the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode, respectively, and the negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the load.

6. The high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The load may also include non-inductive loads or non-capacitive loads.

7. An electric drive controller assembly, characterized in that, It includes the high-voltage auxiliary electronic fuse circuit as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the electric drive controller assembly as described in claim 7.

Images