Electronic device and power supply system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521885844.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-02
Smart Images
Figure CN224790360U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic equipment technology, and more particularly to an electronic device and a power supply system. Background Technology
[0002] Laptops are equipped with multiple connection ports for connecting external devices to achieve core functions such as charging, data transfer, and external display. However, many users are unaware that some docking stations have the ability to charge laptops independently. Therefore, in actual use, it is common to connect both the power adapter and the docking station to the laptop for charging simultaneously.
[0003] If the power adapter is plugged into the laptop while the docking station is already connected, the voltage of the power adapter will be higher than that of the docking station at the moment of insertion. This will cause a reverse current flow, where the current from the power adapter flows back into the docking station's internal circuitry. This reverse current can easily exceed the withstand range of the docking station's internal circuit components, ultimately causing them to burn out and resulting in a docking station malfunction. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides an electronic device, including: a first interface for connecting a target device; a target line, one end of which is connected to the first interface; a switch assembly disposed on the target line; and a protection module connected to the switch assembly. When the protection module detects backflow of power from the first interface to the target line, the protection module controls the switch assembly to be in an open state.
[0005] In some embodiments of this application, the electronic device further includes: a second interface, the other end of the target line being connected to the second interface, the second interface being used to connect a power supply or an external device; a conversion module, disposed on the target line and located between the first interface and the second interface, the conversion module being used to control the voltage value on the target line; the conversion module being connected to the protection module, the protection module controlling the switching assembly to be in an open or closed state according to the voltage signal from the conversion module.
[0006] In some embodiments of this application, the protection module includes a detection unit and a control unit. The detection unit is connected to the output terminal of the conversion module and the input terminal of the switching assembly, respectively. The detection unit is used to detect the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module and the input terminal of the switching assembly. When the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module is higher than the voltage at the input terminal of the switching assembly, the control unit controls the switching assembly to be in the open state.
[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the switching assembly includes: a first switch disposed between the conversion module and the first interface; and a second switch disposed between the conversion module and the second interface; wherein, when the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module is higher than the voltage at the input terminal of the first switch, the control unit controls the first switch and / or the second switch to be in an open state.
[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the first switch and the second switch are field-effect transistors; the first switch and the second switch are connected in series, and the sources of the first switch and the second switch are connected.
[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the electronic device further includes: a pressure relief line connected to the conversion module and the target line respectively, the pressure relief line being grounded; when the protection module detects backflow of power, it controls the conversion module to discharge the abnormal power of the conversion module through the pressure relief line.
[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the conversion module includes: a transient suppression pin connected to the voltage relief line for discharging abnormal electrical energy within the conversion module; a delayed reset pin connected to the voltage relief line for monitoring the voltage of the conversion module; when the voltage of the conversion module drops to a preset safety threshold, the delayed reset pin generates a reset signal, and the control unit responds to the reset signal to control the switching component to be in a conducting state.
[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the protection module is connected to the second interface and is used to detect the voltage signal of the power supply accessed by the second interface; the protection module can transmit the detected voltage signal of the second interface to the conversion module, and the conversion module can control the voltage value on the target line according to the voltage signal of the second interface.
[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the protection module further includes: a temperature detection unit connected to the switch assembly and the conversion module; when the temperature detection unit detects that the temperature of the conversion module exceeds a preset threshold, the protection module controls the switch assembly to be in an open state.
[0013] This application embodiment also provides a power supply system, including: a target device; an electronic device including a first interface connected to the target device; a target line connected at one end to the first interface; a switch assembly disposed on the target line; and a protection module connected to the switch assembly; wherein, when the protection module detects backflow of power from the first interface to the target line, the protection module controls the switch assembly to be in an open state. Attached Figure Description
[0014] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of exemplary embodiments of this application will become readily understood by reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, several embodiments of this application are illustrated by way of example and not limitation, with the same or corresponding reference numerals denoteing the same or corresponding parts, wherein:
[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application is shown.
[0016] Figure 2 This diagram schematically illustrates the on-state of a switching component in an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0017] Figure 3 This schematically illustrates the open state of a switching component in an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0018] Figure 4 This diagram schematically illustrates the current flow direction when the electronic device and the target device are connected and reverse power is generated, according to an embodiment of this application.
[0019] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure of yet another embodiment of the electronic device provided in this application is shown.
[0020] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the power supply system provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.
[0021] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0022] 1. First interface; 2. Target line; 3. Switch assembly; 301. First switch; 302. Second switch; 4. Protection module; 401. Detection unit; 402. Control unit; 403. Temperature detection unit; 5. Second interface; 6. Conversion module; 601. Transient suppression pin; 602. Delayed reset pin; 7. Pressure relief line;
[0023] 10. Electronic equipment; 20. Target device; 30. Power adapter. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this application by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application. This application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
[0025] These embodiments are provided to make the application thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the application to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values illustrated in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.
[0026] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the permissible margin of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the permissible margin of error. Terms such as "including" or "contains" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after it, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well.
[0028] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device.
[0029] All terms used in this application have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.
[0030] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.
[0031] Example 1
[0032] This application provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a first interface 1, which is used to connect to a target device; a target line 2, one end of which is connected to the first interface 1; a switch assembly 3, which is disposed on the target line 2; and a protection module 4, which is connected to the switch assembly 3. When the protection module 4 detects that backflow of power from the first interface 1 to the target line 2, the protection module 4 controls the switch assembly 3 to be in the off state.
[0033] The electronic device provided in this application can be a docking station, charger, external storage device, etc. The electronic device includes a first interface 1 (such as a Type-C, USB, or other interface) for interfacing with the corresponding interface of a target device (such as a laptop, tablet, or mobile phone) to achieve the transmission of electrical energy or data.
[0034] The electronic device has a target line 2 inside, which can be a wire or circuit trace. One end of the target line 2 is connected to the first interface 1, and the other end can be connected to the power input terminal inside the electronic device, forming a path for power transmission. A switch assembly 3 is connected in series with the target line 2 to control the current flow. A protection module 4 is connected to the switch assembly 3 and is responsible for monitoring the voltage magnitude, direction, and current flow on the target line 2 in real time, and controlling the state of the switch assembly 3 accordingly.
[0035] During the operation of the electronic device, the protection module 4 continuously monitors the voltage status at the first interface 1. When it detects a current trend in the target line 2 flowing in reverse from the first interface 1 to the target circuit inside the electronic device... Figure 1 As indicated by the arrow, when the reverse voltage is higher than the preset reference voltage, the protection module 4 determines that a reverse energy flow phenomenon has occurred. Reverse energy flow refers to abnormal energy transfer caused by the reverse flow of voltage or current. At this time, the protection module 4 immediately sends a control signal to drive the switch assembly 3 from the on state to the off state. After the switch assembly 3 is disconnected, the target line 2 is cut off, thereby blocking the current path flowing backward from the target device to the inside of the electronic device.
[0036] The electronic device of this application monitors the power flow and voltage in real time through the protection module 4. Once a risk of reverse power flow is detected, the power supply line is immediately cut off through the switch assembly 3. This blocks the transmission path of reverse energy, effectively preventing the impact of reverse power flow on internal circuit components such as capacitors and resistors of the electronic device, significantly improving the safety and lifespan of the electronic device, and reducing the maintenance costs incurred by users due to equipment damage.
[0037] In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes: a second interface 5, the other end of the target line 2 is connected to the second interface 5, the second interface 5 is used to connect a power supply or an external device; a conversion module 6, disposed on the target line 2 and located between the first interface 1 and the second interface 5, the conversion module 6 is used to control the voltage value on the target line 2; the conversion module 6 is connected to the protection module 4, the protection module 4 controls the switch assembly 3 to be in an off state or an on state according to the voltage signal of the conversion module 6.
[0038] The electronic device includes a first interface 1 and one or more second interfaces 5. The first interface 1 may be a Type-C interface for connecting to target devices such as laptops and mobile phones. The second interfaces 5 can be used to connect to an external power supply or external devices, including but not limited to DC circular power interfaces and USB interfaces. The electronic device has an internal target circuit 2, one end of which connects to the first interface 1 and the other end to the second interface 5, forming a path for power transmission. A conversion module 6 and a switching assembly 3 are connected in series along this path. The conversion module 6 is located between the first interface 1 and the second interface 5 and may be a DC-DC buck / boost converter or a power management IC, etc., which converts the external power supply voltage input through the second interface 5 into a stable voltage required by the internal circuitry of the electronic device and the connected target device. A protection module 4 establishes a signal connection with the conversion module 6, and the conversion module 6 sends its operating status or output voltage signal to the protection module 4 in real time.
[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, when an external power source is connected through the second interface 5 and the target device is normally powered through the first interface 1, the conversion module 6 can output the set operating voltage. The protection module 4 receives the voltage signal from the conversion module 6 and, in conjunction with monitoring the voltage of the first interface 1, confirms that the power flow is correct. Figure 2 (As indicated by the arrow in the middle), at this time, the control switch assembly 3 remains in the conducting state to ensure normal power transmission.
[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, when the target device is connected to a higher voltage power supply, this higher voltage may flow into the electronic device in reverse through the first interface 1. At this time, the protection module 4 can monitor the voltage flowing through the conversion module 6 and detect that the voltage at the first interface 1 is higher than the normal output voltage of the conversion module 6. Simultaneously, the current direction changes from flowing through the first interface 1 to flowing through the conversion module 6 and then to the second interface 5. Figure 3 (As indicated by the middle arrow). The protection module 4 will immediately send a control signal, instructing the switch assembly 3 to quickly switch to the off state.
[0041] By incorporating conversion module 6, electronic devices can intelligently adjust voltage to adapt to target devices with different voltage requirements, improving the flexibility and compatibility of power supply. Protection module 4, combined with the precise voltage signal provided by conversion module 6 and real-time detection by the first interface 1, can more accurately and reliably identify reverse current scenarios. After switch assembly 3 is disconnected, target line 2 is physically cut off, blocking the path of reverse current, thus effectively protecting conversion module 6, switch assembly 3, and other internal circuits from damage caused by high-voltage reverse current, achieving efficient and precise protection against reverse current.
[0042] In some embodiments, the protection module 4 includes a detection unit 401 and a control unit 402. The detection unit 401 is connected to the output terminal of the conversion module 6 and the input terminal of the switch assembly 3, respectively. The detection unit 401 is used to detect the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module 6 and the input terminal of the switch assembly 3. When the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module 6 is higher than the voltage at the input terminal of the switch assembly 3, the control unit 402 controls the switch assembly 3 to be in an open state.
[0043] The detection unit 401 can be implemented using a measurement circuit consisting of a voltage detector, comparator, or dedicated power monitoring IC. Its pins are connected to the output of the conversion module 6 and the input of the switching component 3, respectively, enabling continuous or periodic detection and comparison of the voltage values at these two critical points. The control unit 402, as a logic processing unit, can be a simple logic gate circuit, a functional module within a microcontroller (MCU), or a dedicated controller integrated with the detection unit 401. The pins of the control unit 402 are connected to the switching component 3, establishing a communication connection between the detection unit 401 and the control unit 402.
[0044] The detection unit 401 monitors the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module 6 and the input terminal of the switching assembly 3 in real time. When the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module 6 is detected to be higher than the voltage at the input terminal of the switching assembly 3, it indicates that electrical energy is in a normal forward transmission state, that is, flowing from the conversion module 6 to the target device. The detection unit 401 transmits this status information to the control unit 402, and the control unit 402 maintains the conducting state of the switching assembly 3. Figure 4 As shown, when the detection unit 401 detects that the voltage at the input terminal of the switching assembly 3 is higher than the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module 6, electrical energy accumulates at the output terminal of the conversion module 6, indicating that reverse current is flowing in. At this time, the detection unit 401 transmits this abnormal signal to the control unit 402. Upon receiving this signal, the control unit 402 immediately issues a control command to forcibly switch the switching assembly 3 to the open state, thereby physically cutting off the current path and blocking the reverse current. Figure 4 (As indicated by the middle arrow).
[0045] By directly comparing the relative voltage between the output of conversion module 6 and the input of switching component 3, a highly reliable reverse current protection mechanism with a low false alarm rate is provided. This judgment logic can more intelligently and accurately identify reverse current scenarios, and the judgment criteria are clear and reliable, thereby significantly improving the safety and stability of electronic equipment.
[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the switch assembly 3 includes: a first switch 301, disposed between the conversion module 6 and the first interface 1; and a second switch 302, disposed between the conversion module 6 and the second interface 5; wherein, when the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module 6 is higher than the voltage at the input terminal of the first switch 301, the control unit 402 controls the first switch 301 and / or the second switch 302 to be in the off state.
[0047] The switch assembly 3 includes two independent electronic switches, namely a first switch 301 and a second switch 302. The first switch 301 is connected in series between the output terminal of the conversion module 6 and the first interface 1, and is used to control the on / off state of the output path for power supply from the electronic device to the target device. The second switch 302 is connected in series between the second interface 5 and the input terminal of the conversion module 6, and is used to control the on / off state of the input path for power supply from the external power source to the internal power source of the electronic device.
[0048] Under normal operating conditions, when an external power source is connected through the second interface 5 and the target device requires power, the control unit 402 instructs the first switch 301 and the second switch 302 to simultaneously be in the on state, forming a complete power supply circuit. When a high voltage from the target device accumulates at the output terminal of the conversion module 6 through the first switch 301, the detection unit 401 detects that the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module 6 is higher than the input voltage of the first switch 301, indicating a risk of reverse power flow. The control unit 402 immediately issues a control command to disconnect one or both switches. Disconnecting the first switch 301 immediately cuts off the current path flowing backward from the target device into the electronic device. By simultaneously or slightly disconnecting the second switch 302, the connection between the external power source and the conversion module 6 can be further severed, preventing continuous power supply from the external power source and achieving bidirectional isolation of the conversion module 6, ensuring that it is not affected by positive voltage.
[0049] By using two switches, a dual protection mechanism is provided. Even if one switch fails, the other switch can still provide a certain level of protection. Furthermore, the conversion module 6 is located between the two switches; when both switches are open, the conversion module 6 is in an isolated state, protected from abnormal voltage surges from either the input or output terminals, thereby improving the safety of the electronic equipment.
[0050] In some embodiments, the first switch 301 and the second switch 302 are field-effect transistors; the first switch 301 and the second switch 302 are connected in series, and the source terminals of the first switch 301 and the second switch 302 are connected.
[0051] Both the first switch 301 and the second switch 302 can be field-effect transistors, such as metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), which have advantages such as low on-resistance, fast switching speed, and low drive power consumption. The first switch 301 and the second switch 302 are connected in series, with the drain of the first switch 301 connected to the first interface 1 and its source connected to the source of the second switch 302 through the conversion module 6. The drain of the second switch 302 is connected to the second interface 5, and its source is connected to the source of the first switch 301 through the conversion module 6.
[0052] When the control unit 402 needs to connect the power path, it applies a drive voltage to the gates of both switches, causing both switches to simultaneously enter the on state. When a reverse current risk is detected, the control unit 402 immediately removes or pulls down the gate drive voltage of both switches, causing them to simultaneously enter the off state. In the off state, the MOSFET channel is closed, and the resistance between its drain and source is extremely high, forming effective electrical isolation. By using two MOSFETs connected at their sources as series switches, high impedance isolation can be provided in both directions, whether for forward or reverse current, as long as both MOSFETs are turned off simultaneously, thereby effectively preventing the risk of reverse current injection.
[0053] In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes: a pressure relief line 7, which is connected to the conversion module 6 and the target line 2 respectively, and the pressure relief line 7 is grounded; when the protection module 4 detects backflow power, it controls the conversion module 6 to discharge the abnormal power of the conversion module 6 through the pressure relief line 7.
[0054] The pressure relief line 7 is a dedicated energy release path, with one end connected to the conversion module 6 and the target line 2, and the other end grounded (GND) or connected to the system's low-potential reference point. The pressure relief line 7 may include a pressure relief resistor to dissipate electrical energy.
[0055] When the protection module 4 detects the risk of reverse current through the detection unit 401, it immediately controls the switch assembly 3 to open, thereby cutting off the path of reverse current. However, at the moment the switch assembly 3 opens or before, abnormal energy may have accumulated on the conversion module 6 and the target line 2 due to the impact of reverse voltage, for example, manifested as an abnormally high output voltage or excessive energy stored in the output capacitor. At this time, the abnormal energy on the target line 2 can be guided to the voltage relief line 7, and the protection module 4 can issue a command to the conversion module 6, which will guide the accumulated abnormal energy to the voltage relief line 7 through its pin connected to the voltage relief line 7. The energy is then safely dissipated as heat through the voltage relief resistor. As the energy continues to dissipate, the voltage of the conversion module 6 and the target line 2 will rapidly drop to a safe level.
[0056] By incorporating the pressure relief line 7, the electronic device possesses the ability to actively dissipate residual energy. This not only eliminates the potential risk of electric shock but also prevents residual energy from causing secondary impacts on subsequent circuits, thereby effectively protecting the sensitive components inside the conversion module 6 and further enhancing the overall safety and reliability of the electronic device.
[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the conversion module 6 includes: a transient suppression pin 601, connected to the pressure relief line 7, used to discharge abnormal electrical energy in the conversion module 6; a delayed reset pin 602, connected to the pressure relief line 7, used to monitor the voltage of the conversion module 6; when the voltage of the conversion module 6 drops to a preset safety threshold, the delayed reset pin 602 generates a reset signal, and the control unit 402 responds to the reset signal to control the switch assembly 3 to be in the on state.
[0058] The conversion module 6 includes a transient suppression pin 601 and a delayed reset pin 602. The transient suppression pin 601 is connected to the pressure relief line 7, for example, to a pressure relief resistor or buffer capacitor in the pressure relief line 7. When the detection unit 401 detects a risk of backflow of electrical energy, the control unit 402 controls the first switch 301 and the second switch 302 to open, at which point the conversion module 6 is isolated. The conversion module 6 can actively guide the accumulated abnormal electrical energy to the external pressure relief line 7 through the transient suppression pin 601, and dissipate it quickly and safely as heat through the pressure relief resistor.
[0059] The delayed reset pin 602 is connected to the voltage relief line 7 and is used to continuously monitor the voltage status at the output of the conversion module 6. When the voltage at the output of the conversion module 6 rises due to backflow and triggers protection, this pin can output a reset signal. That is, when the voltage begins to drop, the pin will not immediately release the reset signal, but will initiate a preset delay period (e.g., tens of milliseconds to several seconds). When the voltage not only drops below the preset safety threshold, but also remains stable below the threshold for a preset time, the pin state changes, generating a reset complete or power supply normal signal.
[0060] When the detection unit 401 detects a risk of reverse current flow in the electronic device of this application, the protection module 4 immediately instructs the switch assembly 3 to disconnect, cutting off the path of reverse current. Simultaneously, the conversion module 6, through its transient suppression pin 601, guides the internally accumulated abnormal energy to the voltage relief line 7, where it is rapidly discharged through the voltage relief resistor, causing the output voltage to drop quickly. The delayed reset pin 602 continuously monitors the voltage; when the voltage at the output of the conversion module 6 drops below a safe threshold, its built-in delay period begins timing. After a preset delay, once the voltage at the output of the conversion module 6 is confirmed to be stable within a safe range, the delayed reset pin 602 generates and releases a valid reset signal. Upon receiving this delayed and verified reset signal, the control unit 402 determines that the fault has been cleared and the voltage of the conversion module 6 is stable, and then issues a command to re-turn on the switch assembly 3, restoring normal power supply to the target device.
[0061] Through the transient suppression pin 601, the conversion module 6 can proactively and quickly utilize the external pressure relief line 7 to handle internally generated transient overvoltages and residual energy, making protection more timely and thorough. The delayed reset pin 602 ensures that power is restored to the electronic equipment only after the voltage has not only decreased but also remained stable below the safe threshold for an extended period, reducing the risk of restarting before the fault is completely resolved. The control unit 402 does not need to perform complex voltage stability checks itself; it only needs to respond to the reliable reset signal issued by the conversion module 6 after a delayed verification to perform the recovery operation. This not only simplifies the control logic but also significantly improves the reliability and safety of the electronic equipment.
[0062] In some embodiments, the protection module 4 is connected to the second interface 5 and is used to detect the voltage signal of the power supply connected to the second interface 5; the protection module 4 can transmit the detected voltage signal of the second interface 5 to the conversion module 6, and the conversion module 6 can control the voltage value on the target line 2 according to the voltage signal of the second interface 5.
[0063] The protection module 4 is connected to the second interface 5. For example, the pins of its internal detection unit 401 can also be connected to the second interface 5 to detect the input voltage value of the external power supply connected through the second interface 5 in real time and accurately. The protection module 4 transmits the detected voltage signal to the conversion module 6. After receiving the signal, the conversion module 6 can dynamically adjust its operating mode and parameters according to the target voltage to be output, such as using buck or boost mode, thereby adjusting the output voltage of the first interface 1 to ensure that the electronic device can be adapted to the target device being powered.
[0064] The protection module 4 detects the input voltage of the second interface 5 and feeds it back to the conversion module 6, enabling the conversion module 6 to adjust in real time according to the actual input, thereby achieving intelligent and efficient voltage conversion and improving the system's compatibility and energy efficiency.
[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the protection module 4 also includes a temperature detection unit 403, which is connected to the switch assembly 3 and the conversion module 6; when the temperature detection unit 403 detects that the temperature of the conversion module 6 exceeds a preset threshold, the protection module 4 controls the switch assembly 3 to be in the off state.
[0066] The temperature detection unit 403 can be a thermistor, digital temperature sensor or semiconductor device, etc., and is connected to the switch assembly 3 and the conversion module 6 to monitor the operating temperature of the switch assembly 3 and the conversion module 6 in real time and continuously.
[0067] Because the switching assembly 3 and the conversion module 6 are prone to generating a large amount of heat during high-power operation or under abnormal conditions, their temperatures can rise significantly. When a reverse power flow occurs (i.e., the voltage at the input terminal of the switching assembly 3 is higher than the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module 6), abnormal power will accumulate between the input terminal of the switching assembly 3 and the output terminal of the conversion module 6, potentially causing the temperature of the conversion module 6 or the switching assembly 3 to rise continuously. When the temperature exceeds the maximum operating temperature marked on the conversion module 6 and the switching assembly 3, such as a preset threshold set to 70℃, 75℃, 80℃, 85℃, etc., the temperature detection unit 403 will immediately transmit an overheat signal to the control unit 402 of the protection module 4. Upon receiving this signal, the control unit 402 can immediately issue a control command to switch the switching assembly 3 (including the first switch 301 and / or the second switch 302) to the open state. After the switching assembly 3 is opened, the target line 2 is disconnected, power transmission stops, thereby eliminating the heat source and preventing the temperature from rising further.
[0068] By integrating a temperature detection unit 403 into the protection module 4, direct monitoring of key heat-generating components such as the switching assembly 3 and the conversion module 6 is achieved. When an excessive temperature is detected, the power supply can be cut off by disconnecting the switching assembly 3, fundamentally eliminating the heat source. This effectively prevents thermal damage and thermal runaway caused by reverse power flow or other anomalies, ensuring the long-term stable operation of electronic equipment and user safety.
[0069] Example 2
[0070] This application also provides a power supply system, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, it includes: a target device 20; an electronic device 10, including a first interface 1, which is connected to the target device 20; a target line 2, one end of which is connected to the first interface 1; a switch assembly 3, which is disposed on the target line 2; and a protection module 4, which is connected to the switch assembly 3. When the protection module 4 detects that backflow of power from the first interface 1 to the target line 2, the protection module 4 controls the switch assembly 3 to be in an open state.
[0071] The power supply system includes an electronic device 10 and a target device 20. The electronic device 10 has a first interface 1 for interfacing with the target device 20. The electronic device 10 internally has a target line 2, one end of which is connected to the first interface 1, forming a power transmission path. A switch assembly 3 is connected in series on the target line 2 to control the current flow. The electronic device 10 also has a protection module 4, connected to the switch assembly 3, responsible for monitoring the system status. The target device 20 is a terminal device that needs to be powered or to perform data interaction. The target device 20 has a built-in PD (Power Delivery) protocol, which allows it to work in conjunction with data transmission protocols and video transmission protocols, simultaneously enabling functions such as charging, data transmission, and external display. For example, the target device 20 can be a laptop, tablet, or smartphone, with a docking interface that matches the first interface 1 of the electronic device 10.
[0072] During normal operation, the user connects electronic device 10 to an external power source via its second interface 5 and to target device 20 via its first interface 1. Electronic device 10 can power target device 20 via the PD protocol in target device 20. Protection module 4 detects that the voltage at first interface 1 is normal and the power flow is from electronic device 10 to target device 20, thus controlling switch assembly 3 to remain on, allowing power to be transferred smoothly to charge or power target device 20. When the user plugs another power adapter 30 (such as the original power adapter) into the laptop while electronic device 10 is already powering it, the voltage of power adapter 30 is higher than that inside electronic device 10, causing current from power adapter 30 to easily flow backward through the PD protocol in target device 20 into electronic device 10. When protection module 4 detects the reverse flow of power from first interface 1 into electronic device 10 (i.e., reverse current), it immediately instructs switch assembly 3 to quickly switch to the off state. After switch assembly 3 is off, target line 2 is physically cut off, completely blocking the reverse current path from target device 20 into electronic device 10. Once the risk of reverse power flow is eliminated and the internal voltage of the electronic device 10 stabilizes, the protection module 4 can re-turn on the switch assembly 3, enabling the electronic device 10 and the external power adapter 30 to jointly supply power to the target device 20.
[0073] The power supply system provided in this application establishes an intelligent and safe power management environment by integrating a protection mechanism that detects backflow energy and controls the switch to disconnect within the electronic equipment. It not only enables normal power supply but also handles complex situations where multiple power sources are connected simultaneously, effectively preventing damage to electronic equipment from reverse energy and significantly improving the overall system's safety, reliability, and user experience.
[0074] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A first interface is used to connect to a target device; The target line, one end of which is connected to the first interface; A switch assembly, the switch assembly being disposed on the target line; Protection module, which is connected to the switch assembly; When the protection module detects that power is being fed back to the target line from the first interface, the protection module controls the switch assembly to be in the open state.
2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second interface is connected to the other end of the target line, and the second interface is used to connect a power supply or an external device. A conversion module is disposed on the target line and located between the first interface and the second interface. The conversion module is used to control the voltage value on the target line. The conversion module is connected to the protection module, and the protection module controls the switching assembly to be in an open or closed state according to the voltage signal of the conversion module.
3. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protection module includes a detection unit and a control unit. The detection unit is connected to the output terminal of the conversion module and the input terminal of the switching assembly, respectively. The detection unit is used to detect the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module and the input terminal of the switching assembly. Specifically, when the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module is higher than the voltage at the input terminal of the switching component, the control unit controls the switching component to be in the open state.
4. The electronic device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The switching assembly includes: A first switch is disposed between the conversion module and the first interface; A second switch is disposed between the conversion module and the second interface; Specifically, when the voltage at the output terminal of the conversion module is higher than the voltage at the input terminal of the first switch, the control unit controls the first switch and / or the second switch to be in the off state.
5. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first switch and the second switch are field-effect transistors; The first switch and the second switch are connected in series, and the sources of the first switch and the second switch are connected.
6. The electronic device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A pressure relief line is connected to both the conversion module and the target line, and the pressure relief line is grounded. When the protection module detects backflow of power, it controls the conversion module to release the abnormal power through the pressure relief line.
7. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conversion module includes: The transient suppression pin is connected to the voltage relief line and is used to discharge abnormal electrical energy in the conversion module; A delayed reset pin, connected to the voltage relief line, is used to monitor the voltage of the conversion module. When the voltage of the conversion module drops to a preset safety threshold, the delayed reset pin generates a reset signal, and the control unit responds to the reset signal to control the switching assembly to be in the on state.
8. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protection module is connected to the second interface and is used to detect the voltage signal of the power supply connected to the second interface; The protection module can transmit the detected voltage signal of the second interface to the conversion module, and the conversion module can control the voltage value on the target line according to the voltage signal of the second interface.
9. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protection module also includes: A temperature detection unit is connected to the switching assembly and the conversion module; When the temperature detection unit detects that the temperature of the conversion module exceeds a preset threshold, the protection module controls the switching component to be in the off state.
10. A power supply system, characterized in that, include: Target equipment; An electronic device, including a first interface, wherein the first interface is connected to the target device; The target line, one end of which is connected to the first interface; A switch assembly, the switch assembly being disposed on the target line; Protection module, which is connected to the switch assembly; When the protection module detects that power is being fed back to the target line from the first interface, the protection module controls the switch assembly to be in the open state.