High-precision protection and equalization battery management structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high-precision protection equalization battery management structures, including protection plate, the bottom of the protection plate is provided with power board, the bottom of the power board is provided with control panel, the top of the control panel is welded with sampling chip and diode, the four corners of power board top and middle part are provided with connecting hole, and the inside of five groups of connecting holes is equipped with hexagonal copper column;The utility model realizes short-circuit protection: short-circuit protection time is only 500 microseconds, can quickly cut off circuit, avoid the battery damage or safety accident caused by short circuit, much faster than most BMS on market, by temperature change rate monitoring, can detect thermal runaway risk within 1 second, and take protective measures, more forward-looking than traditional BMS, equalization current range is 50mA<I≤100mA, can effectively balance cell voltage, prevent single joint cell overcharge or overdischarge, prolong the service life of battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery management system technology, specifically a high-precision protection and equalization battery management structure. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional BMS circuit board short-circuit protection time is generally in the millisecond range, which significantly increases the risk of battery overheating, damage, thermal runaway, equipment damage and safety hazards. If the voltage acquisition accuracy is insufficient, it may lead to untimely or misjudged protection action, affecting the safety and life of the battery. Inaccurate temperature acquisition may lead to untimely protection action, increasing the risk of thermal runaway or low-temperature damage, affecting the optimization of thermal management strategy, and reducing the performance and life of the battery pack. Current battery management structures have the following shortcomings: If the short-circuit protection time is too long, the battery will continue to carry a large current in the short-circuit state, causing a lot of heat to be generated inside the battery. This may cause irreversible damage to the battery's chemical structure, shorten the battery life, and even cause safety hazards. Low voltage and temperature acquisition accuracy can lead to delayed protection actions, increasing the risk of thermal runaway or low-temperature damage. This also affects the optimization of thermal management strategies, reducing battery pack performance and lifespan. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision protection and equalization battery management structure to solve the existing problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-precision protection and equalization battery management structure, including a protection board, a power board at the bottom of the protection board, a control board at the bottom of the power board, a sampling chip and a diode welded to the top of the control board, connection holes at the four corners and the center of the top of the power board, and hexagonal copper pillars fitted inside the five sets of connection holes, and through holes at the four corners and the center of the top of the control board, with screws fitted inside the through holes.

[0005] Preferably, the top of the protection board has multiple sets of heat dissipation holes, which are located above the top resistor of the power board. A reinforcing plate is provided in the middle of the top of the protection board, and the reinforcing plate is located outside the multiple sets of heat dissipation holes, which can enhance the heat dissipation performance of the resistor on the power board.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the hexagonal copper pillar has a screw hole, and the screw is threaded into the screw hole at the bottom of the hexagonal copper pillar for connecting and installing the control board and the power board.

[0007] Preferably, screw nuts are disposed at four corners and a middle portion of a bottom of the protection plate, and the screw nuts are in threaded fit with hexagonal copper pillars for connecting and mounting the protection plate and the power plate.

[0008] Preferably, the sampling chip is an AFE sampling chip, and the diode is an RS3M diode. The AFE sampling chip has good voltage acquisition accuracy, and the RS3M diode has a fast recovery characteristic.

[0009] Preferably, a pin header is disposed on the control board, the control board is connected and fixed to the power board through the pin header, so as to realize connection between the control board and the power board.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the utility model is that: the high-precision protection and balancing battery management structure; 1. Short circuit protection is realized: the short circuit protection time is only 500 microseconds, which can quickly cut off the circuit and avoid battery damage or safety accidents caused by short circuit, and is much faster than most BMS on the market. Through temperature change rate monitoring, thermal runaway risk can be detected within 1 second and protective measures can be taken, which is more forward-looking than traditional BMS. The balancing current range is 50mA<I≤100mA, which can effectively balance cell voltage, prevent overcharge or over discharge of a single cell, and prolong the service life of the battery pack; 2. Two AFE chips are used to improve voltage acquisition accuracy: the acquisition accuracy of single cell voltage is ≤1mV, which is much higher than the industry average level; the temperature acquisition accuracy is ±2°C, which is also much higher than the industry average level. Description of Drawings

[0011] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the utility model; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the utility model; Figure 3 is a front view of the utility model.

[0012] In the figures: 1, protection plate; 2, power plate; 3, hexagonal copper pillar; 4, control board; 5, screw; 6, sampling chip; 7, diode; 8, heat dissipation hole; 9, reinforcing plate. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0013] Hereinafter, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0014] Please refer to Figure 1-3The present invention provides an embodiment of a high-precision protection and equalization battery management structure, comprising a protection board 1, a power board 2 at the bottom of the protection board 1, a control board 4 at the bottom of the power board 2, a pin header on the control board 4, and the control board 4 being connected and fixed to the power board 2 via the pin header, thereby connecting the control board 4 and the power board 2. A sampling chip 6 and a diode 7 are soldered to the top of the control board 4. The sampling chip 6 is an AFE sampling chip, and the diode 7 is an RS3M diode. The AFE sampling chip has good voltage acquisition accuracy, and the model of the AFE sampling chip is SH307309. The RS3M diode has fast recovery characteristics. The power board 2 has connection holes at the four corners and the middle of its top, and hexagonal copper pillars 3 are fitted inside the five sets of connection holes. The protection board 1 has nuts at the four corners and the middle of its bottom, and the nuts are threaded to the hexagonal copper pillars 3 for connecting and installing the protection board 1 and the power board 2. The control board 4 has through holes at the four corners and the middle of its top, and screws 5 are fitted inside the through holes. The bottom of the hexagonal copper pillars 3 has screw holes, and the screws 5 are threaded to the screw holes at the bottom of the hexagonal copper pillars 3 for connecting and installing the control board 4 and the power board 2. Example

[0015] The top of the protection board 1 has multiple sets of heat dissipation holes 8, which are located above the resistor on the top of the power board 2. A reinforcing plate 9 is provided in the middle of the top of the protection board 1, and the reinforcing plate 9 is located outside the multiple sets of heat dissipation holes 8. The heat dissipation holes can enhance the heat dissipation performance of the resistor on the power board 2, and the reinforcing plate 9 can improve the strength of the protection board 1 after the heat dissipation holes are opened, preventing the middle of the protection board 1 from breaking.

[0016] Working principle: This structure uses RS3M diodes, which have fast recovery characteristics and extremely short reverse recovery time. When a short circuit occurs, high voltage current passes through the diode, and the circuit is protected by discharging voltage. RS3M diodes can quickly respond to short circuit faults and prevent overcurrent from damaging the circuit and equipment by quickly cutting off the current. Two analog voltage detectors (AFEs) are used to collect voltage and temperature data. The voltage of each cell in the battery pack is input to the AFEs through a voltage detection channel. The AFEs sample the voltage of each cell sequentially according to a set sampling period and convert the analog voltage signal into a digital signal. The collected digital voltage data is processed internally and then sent to the CPU via a communication interface. An external NTC thermistor or built-in temperature sensor converts the temperature signal into a voltage signal, which is then input to the AFE sampling chip. The AFE sampling chip samples the input voltage signal and converts it into a digital signal via an ADC. After internal processing, the digital temperature data is sent to the main controller through the communication interface.

[0017] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0018] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A high-precision protection and equalization battery management structure, comprising a protection board (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the protection board (1) is provided with a power board (2), the bottom of the power board (2) is provided with a control board (4), the top of the control board (4) is welded with a sampling chip (6) and a diode (7), the four corners and the middle of the top of the power board (2) are provided with connection holes, and the inner side of the five sets of connection holes is fitted with a hexagonal copper pillar (3), the four corners and the middle of the top of the control board (4) are provided with through holes, and the inner side of the through holes is fitted with a screw (5).

2. The high-precision protection and equalization battery management structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the protection board (1) has multiple sets of heat dissipation holes (8), which are located above the top resistor of the power board (2). A reinforcing plate (9) is provided in the middle of the top of the protection board (1), and the reinforcing plate (9) is located outside the multiple sets of heat dissipation holes (8).

3. The high-precision protection and equalization battery management structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the hexagonal copper pillar (3) is provided with a screw hole, and the screw (5) is threadedly connected to the screw hole at the bottom of the hexagonal copper pillar (3).

4. The high-precision protection and equalization battery management structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective plate (1) is provided with nuts at the four corners and the middle of the bottom, and the nuts are adapted to the threads of the hexagonal copper pillar (3).

5. The high-precision protection and equalization battery management structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling chip (6) is an AFE sampling chip, and the diode (7) is an RS3M diode.

6. The high-precision protection and equalization battery management structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control board (4) is provided with a pin header, and the control board (4) is connected and fixed to the power board (2) through the pin header.

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