A wheel hub motor

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of wheel hub motor, including outer rotor, fixed shaft, electromagnet, permanent magnet and heat exchange system;Fixed shaft is hollow cylinder, and first cold air port and first hot air port are formed on fixed shaft;Formed with installation cavity in outer rotor, the installation cavity opposite two side walls of outer rotor are rotatably connected with fixed shaft;Electromagnet is fixed on fixed shaft and is in installation cavity, permanent magnet is fixed on outer rotor and is in installation cavity, electromagnet and permanent magnet divide installation cavity into first installation space, airflow channel and second installation space sequentially arranged along the axial direction of fixed shaft, airflow channel is between electromagnet and permanent magnet, first installation space and second installation space are communicated by airflow channel, first installation space is communicated with first cold air port, second installation space is communicated with first hot air port;The cold air output end of heat exchange system is communicated with first cold air port, and the hot air input end of heat exchange system is communicated with first hot air port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of electric motors, and more particularly to a hub motor. Background Technology

[0002] Hub motors are widely used in electric vehicles due to their compact structure and high transmission efficiency. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN213484601U, entitled "An Embedded Modular Rotor Hub Motor," describes a design that includes a hub, motor shaft, magnets, windings, and an iron core. The magnets are fixed relative to the hub, while the windings and iron core are fixed to the motor shaft via a bracket. An electromagnetic field is generated by energizing the windings, causing the magnets to rotate the hub under the influence of this field. However, because the winding cables themselves have resistance, heat is generated during energization. When the hub motor operates under continuous high load, this heat accumulates inside and around the windings, potentially leading to localized overheating and posing a significant safety risk. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to propose a hub motor that has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, avoidance of heat accumulation, and high safety.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a hub motor, including an outer rotor, a fixed shaft, an electromagnet, a permanent magnet, and a heat exchange system; the fixed shaft is a hollow cylinder, and a first cold air inlet and a first hot air inlet are formed on the fixed shaft; an installation cavity is formed inside the outer rotor, and the two side walls of the installation cavity of the outer rotor are rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, so that the first cold air inlet and the first hot air inlet are located in the installation cavity; the electromagnet is fixed on the fixed shaft and located in the installation cavity, and the permanent magnet is fixed on the outer rotor and located in the installation cavity. The electromagnet and the permanent magnet are arranged in a ring structure around the axis of the fixed shaft. The electromagnet and the permanent magnet divide the installation cavity into a first installation space, an airflow channel, and a second installation space arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the fixed shaft. The airflow channel is located between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet. The first installation space and the second installation space are connected through the airflow channel. The first installation space is connected to the first cold air inlet, and the second installation space is connected to the first hot air inlet; the cold air output end of the heat exchange system is connected to the first cold air inlet, and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system is connected to the first hot air inlet.

[0005] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: During operation, the heat exchange system works. Cold air from the cold air output end of the heat exchange system flows sequentially through the first installation space, the airflow channel, and the second installation space, before returning to the heat exchange system from the hot air input end. This effectively removes heat from the installation cavity, preventing heat accumulation and ensuring high safety. The heat exchange system can be an independently installed air-cooled or liquid-cooled system, or it can be part of the vehicle's integrated cooling system.

[0006] Furthermore, in the hub motor described above, a plurality of blades are formed on the outer rotor, the blades being arranged around the rotation axis of the outer rotor and positioned within a first mounting space. These blades are used to drive airflow towards the airflow channel when the outer rotor rotates. This design increases the airflow velocity within the mounting cavity, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, in the hub motor described above, a second cold air inlet and a second hot air inlet are formed on the fixed shaft, both located outside the outer rotor. It also includes a guide member with a cold air guide channel and a hot air guide channel formed on it. The guide member is fixed within the inner cavity of the fixed shaft, such that the first and second cold air inlets of the fixed shaft are connected through the cold air guide channel of the guide member, and the first and second hot air inlets of the fixed shaft are connected through the hot air guide channel of the guide member. The cold air output end of the heat exchange system is connected to the second cold air inlet, and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system is connected to the second hot air inlet. This design moves the connection positions of the cold air output end and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system to the outside of the outer rotor, making the piping connection of the heat exchange system more convenient.

[0008] Furthermore, as described above, the hub motor also includes a connector with a ring-shaped structure. A cold air connection channel and a hot air connection channel are formed on the connector. The cold air connection channel and the hot air connection channel each connect to the inner and outer ring surfaces of the connector. A cold air connector is provided at the outer ring surface of the cold air connection channel, and a hot air connector is provided at the outer ring surface of the hot air connection channel. The connector is sleeved on a fixed shaft, allowing the cold air connection channel to connect to a second cold air outlet, and the hot air connection channel to connect to a second hot air outlet. The cold air output end of the heat exchange system is connected to the cold air connector, and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system is connected to the hot air connector. This design provides installation interfaces for the cold air output end and hot air input end of the heat exchange system, making the pipeline connection of the heat exchange system more convenient.

[0009] Furthermore, in the hub motor described above, a first cable port and a second cable port are formed on the fixed shaft. The first cable port is located within the mounting cavity and communicates with the first mounting space, while the second cable port is located outside the outer rotor. A first cable channel is formed on the guide member, and the first cable port and the second cable port on the fixed shaft are connected through the first cable channel. A second cable channel is formed on the connector, connecting the inner and outer annular surfaces of the connector, and communicating with the second cable port. With this design, the power supply cable can sequentially enter the first mounting space through the second cable channel, the second cable port, the first cable channel, and the first cable port to electrically connect with the electromagnet, thereby supplying power to the electromagnet.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned hub motor, the connector includes a first assembly and a second assembly; the first assembly has an arc-shaped structure, on which the cold air connector and cold air connection channel are formed; the second assembly has an arc-shaped structure, on which the hot air connector and hot air connection channel are formed; the first assembly and the second assembly are assembled to form a ring structure, and the first assembly and the second assembly together form the second cable channel. This design makes the installation of the connector more convenient.

[0011] Furthermore, in the hub motor described above, the first cable channel on the air guide is connected to the cold air guide channel. This design allows cold air from the cold air guide channel to flow into the first cable channel and enter the first installation space from the first cable inlet, enabling the cold air to also remove heat generated by the power supply cable during operation, thus improving safety.

[0012] Furthermore, in the hub motor described above, the connecting member has a first positioning hole, the fixed shaft has a second positioning hole, and the guide member has a third positioning hole; it also includes a positioning member that passes through the first, second, and third positioning holes simultaneously. Through the action of the positioning member, the fixed shaft, connecting member, and guide member are coaxially fixed, and the connecting member and guide member are axially positioned relative to the fixed shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, in the hub motor described above, the outer rotor includes a housing, a first end cover, and a second end cover. The housing is a cylindrical structure. The first end cover has a shaft hole and is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft through the shaft hole. The first end cover is connected to one end of the housing. The second end cover is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft and is connected to the other end of the housing. The housing, the first end cover, and the second end cover together form the mounting cavity. This design makes the installation of the outer rotor more convenient.

[0014] Furthermore, in the hub motor described above, a seal is provided between the fixed shaft and the outer rotor. This design improves the airtightness of the mounting cavity and enhances heat exchange efficiency.

[0015] The advantages of this utility model are: simple structure, reasonable design, avoidance of heat accumulation, and high safety. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment; Figure 2 This is a top view of an embodiment; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the structure along the AA direction; Figure 4 for Figure 3A cross-sectional view of the structure along the BB direction; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the structure along the CC direction; Figure 6 One of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the flow guide component in the embodiment; Figure 7 The second three-dimensional structural diagram of the guide component in the embodiment.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Outer rotor; 11-House; 12-First end cover; 121-Shaft hole; 122-Blade; 13-Second end cover; 14-Mounting cavity; 141-First mounting space; 142-Second mounting space; 143-Airflow channel; 2-Fixed shaft; 21-First cold air inlet; 22-First hot air inlet; 23-Second cold air inlet; 24-Second hot air inlet; 25-First wire inlet; 26-Second wire inlet; 3-Electromagnet; 4-Permanent magnet; 5-Guide; 51 52-Cold air guide channel; 53-Hot air guide channel; 54-First cable channel; 55-Positioning protrusion; 56-Third positioning hole; 67-Connector; 68-First assembly; 69-Cold air connection channel; 60-Cold air connector; 61-Second assembly; 62-Hot air connection channel; 62-Hot air connector; 63-Second cable channel; 70-Positioning component; 71-Positioning bolt; 72-Positioning nut; 8-Seal; 9-Bearing; 10-Support wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this utility model, the specific embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 7An embodiment of a hub motor includes an outer rotor 1, a fixed shaft 2, an electromagnet 3, a permanent magnet 4, and a heat exchange system (not shown in the drawings). The fixed shaft 2 is a hollow cylinder, and a first cold air inlet 21 and a first hot air inlet 22 are formed on the fixed shaft 2. A mounting cavity 14 is formed inside the outer rotor 1, and the two opposite side walls of the mounting cavity 14 are rotatably connected to the fixed shaft 2, so that the first cold air inlet 21 and the first hot air inlet 22 are located within the mounting cavity 14. The electromagnet 3 is fixed to the fixed shaft 2 by a support wheel 10 and is located within the mounting cavity 14. The electromagnet 3 is a ring structure composed of several coil windings arranged around the axis of the fixed shaft 2. The permanent magnet 4 is fixed to the outer rotor 1 and is located within the mounting cavity 14. The permanent magnet 4 is a ring structure composed of several coil windings arranged around the fixed shaft 2. A ring structure composed of several permanent magnets arranged along the axis divides the mounting cavity 14 into a first mounting space 141, an airflow channel 143, and a second mounting space 142 arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the fixed shaft 2. The first mounting space 141, the second mounting space 142, and the airflow channel 143 form a ring structure. The airflow channel 143 is located between the electromagnet 3 and the permanent magnet 4. The first mounting space 141 and the second mounting space 142 are connected through the airflow channel 143. The first mounting space 141 is connected to the first cold air outlet 21, and the second mounting space 142 is connected to the first hot air outlet 22. The cold air output end of the heat exchange system is connected to the first cold air outlet 21, and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system is connected to the first hot air outlet 22.

[0020] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: During operation, the heat exchange system works. Cold air from the cold air output end of the heat exchange system flows sequentially through the first installation space 141, the airflow channel 143, and the second installation space 142, before returning to the heat exchange system from the hot air input end. This effectively removes heat from the installation cavity 14, preventing heat accumulation and ensuring high safety. The heat exchange system can be an independently installed air-cooled or liquid-cooled system, or it can be part of the vehicle's built-in refrigeration system.

[0021] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the outer rotor 1 has a plurality of blades 122 arranged around the rotation axis of the outer rotor 1 and located in the first mounting space 141. Each blade 122 is arranged along the radial direction of the fixed shaft 2, and each blade 122 gradually narrows towards the fixed shaft 2 in the radial direction. This allows the blades 122 to act as centrifugal impellers when the outer rotor 1 rotates, driving the airflow in the first mounting space 141 towards the airflow channel 143. This design increases the airflow velocity in the mounting cavity 14 and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0022] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the fixed shaft 2 has a second cold air inlet 23 and a second hot air inlet 24, both located outside the outer rotor 1. It also includes a guide member 5, made of plastic, which has a cold air guide channel 51, a hot air guide channel 52, and a positioning protrusion 54. The guide member 5 is inserted into the inner cavity of the fixed shaft 2 from its end via an interference fit. The positioning protrusion 54 abuts against the end face of the fixed shaft 2, allowing the first cold air inlet 21 and the second cold air inlet 23 of the fixed shaft 2 to communicate through the cold air guide channel 51 of the guide member 5, and the first hot air inlet 22 and the second hot air inlet 24 of the fixed shaft 2 to communicate through the hot air guide channel 52 of the guide member 5. The cold air output end of the heat exchange system is connected to the second cold air inlet 23, and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system is connected to the second hot air inlet 24. This design moves the connection points of the cold air output end and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system to the outside of the outer rotor 1, making the pipeline connection of the heat exchange system more convenient.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also includes a connector 6, which is an annular structure. A cold air connection channel 611 and a hot air connection channel 621 are formed on the connector 6. The cold air connection channel 611 and the hot air connection channel 621 each connect to the inner and outer annular surfaces of the connector 6. A cold air connector 612 is connected to the outer annular surface of the cold air connection channel 611, and a hot air connector 622 is connected to the outer annular surface of the hot air connection channel 621. The connector 6 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 2, allowing the cold air connection channel 611 to connect to the second cold air outlet 23, and the hot air connection channel 621 to connect to the second hot air outlet 24. The cold air output end of the heat exchange system is connected to the cold air connector 612, and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system is connected to the hot air connector 622. Through this design, the connector 6 provides installation interfaces for the cold air output end and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system, making the pipeline connection of the heat exchange system more convenient.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the fixed shaft 2 has a first cable port 25 and a second cable port 26. The first cable port 25 is located inside the mounting cavity 14 and communicates with the first mounting space 141, while the second cable port 26 is located outside the outer rotor 1. The guide member 5 has a first cable channel 53, through which the first cable port 25 and the second cable port 26 of the fixed shaft 2 communicate. The connector 6 has a second cable channel 63, which connects the inner and outer annular surfaces of the connector 6 and communicates with the second cable port 26. With this design, the power supply cable can sequentially enter the first mounting space 141 through the second cable channel 63, the second cable port 26, the first cable channel 53, and the first cable port 25 to electrically connect with the electromagnet 3, thereby supplying power to the electromagnet 3. In actual use, after the power supply cable is installed, the opening of the second cable channel 63 can be sealed by wrapping with tape or using a sealing plug to improve airtightness.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the connector 6 includes a first assembly 61 and a second assembly 62. The first assembly 61 is an arc-shaped structure made of plastic, on which the cold air connector 612 and the cold air connection channel 611 are formed. The second assembly 62 is an arc-shaped structure made of plastic, on which the hot air connector 622 and the hot air connection channel 621 are formed. The first assembly 61 and the second assembly 62 are assembled to form a ring structure, which together form the second cable channel 63. This design makes the installation of the connector 6 more convenient. In actual use, after the power supply cable is installed, the first assembly 61 and the second assembly 62 are then assembled so that the power supply cable is located in the second cable channel 63, reducing the difficulty of threading the power supply cable.

[0026] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first cable channel 53 on the air guide 5 is connected to the cold air guide channel 51. This design allows the cold air in the cold air guide channel 51 to flow into the first cable channel 53 and enter the first installation space 141 from the first cable port 25, thus enabling the cold air to also remove the heat generated by the power supply cable during operation, improving safety.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the first assembly 61 and the second assembly 62 of the connector 6 each have a first positioning hole, the fixed shaft 2 has two second positioning holes, and the guide member 5 has a third positioning hole 55. It also includes a positioning member 7, which includes a positioning bolt 71 and a positioning nut 72. The positioning bolt 71 passes through the first, second, and third positioning holes 55 and is threadedly connected to the positioning nut 72. Through the function of the positioning member 7, the fixed shaft 2, connector 6, and guide member 5 are coaxially fixed, and the connector 6 and guide member 5 are axially positioned relative to the fixed shaft 2.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the outer rotor 1 includes a housing 11, a first end cover 12, and a second end cover 13. The housing 11 is a cylindrical structure. The first end cover 12 has a shaft hole 121 and several blades 122. The first end cover 12 is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft 2 through the shaft hole 121 and is connected to one end of the housing 11. The second end cover 13 is rotatably connected to one end of the fixed shaft 2 and is connected to the other end of the housing 11. The first end cover 12 and the fixed shaft 2, and the second end cover 13 and the fixed shaft 2 are each connected by a bearing 9. The housing 11, the first end cover 12, and the second end cover 13 together form the mounting cavity 14. This design makes the installation of the outer rotor 1 more convenient.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a sealing element 8 is provided between the fixed shaft 2 and the shaft hole 121 of the first end cover 12. This design improves the airtightness of the mounting cavity 14 and enhances the heat exchange efficiency.

[0030] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, this utility model can have various modifications, combinations, and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hub motor, characterized in that: The system includes an outer rotor, a fixed shaft, an electromagnet, a permanent magnet, and a heat exchange system. The fixed shaft is a hollow cylinder with a first cold air inlet and a first hot air inlet formed on it. An installation cavity is formed inside the outer rotor, and the two side walls of the installation cavity are rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, placing the first cold air inlet and the first hot air inlet within the cavity. The electromagnet is fixed to the fixed shaft and located within the installation cavity, and the permanent magnet is fixed to the outer rotor and located within the installation cavity. The electromagnet and permanent magnet form a ring structure surrounding the axis of the fixed shaft, dividing the installation cavity into a first installation space, an airflow channel, and a second installation space arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the fixed shaft. The airflow channel is located between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet. The first and second installation spaces are connected through the airflow channel. The first installation space is connected to the first cold air inlet, and the second installation space is connected to the first hot air inlet. The cold air output end of the heat exchange system is connected to the first cold air inlet, and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system is connected to the first hot air inlet.

2. A hub motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer rotor has several blades arranged around the rotation axis of the outer rotor and is located in the first installation space. The blades are used to drive the airflow to the airflow channel when the outer rotor rotates.

3. A hub motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed shaft has a second cold air inlet and a second hot air inlet, both located outside the outer rotor. It also includes a guide member with a cold air guide channel and a hot air guide channel. The guide member is fixed within the inner cavity of the fixed shaft, such that the first and second cold air inlets of the fixed shaft are connected through the cold air guide channel of the guide member, and the first and second hot air inlets of the fixed shaft are connected through the hot air guide channel of the guide member. The cold air output end of the heat exchange system is connected to the second cold air inlet, and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system is connected to the second hot air inlet.

4. A hub motor as described in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a connector, which is a ring-shaped structure. A cold air connection channel and a hot air connection channel are formed on the connector. The cold air connection channel and the hot air connection channel each connect to the inner and outer ring surfaces of the connector. A cold air connector is installed at the outer ring surface of the cold air connection channel, and a hot air connector is installed at the outer ring surface of the hot air connection channel. The connector is sleeved on a fixed shaft, so that the cold air connection channel connects to a second cold air outlet, and the hot air connection channel connects to a second hot air outlet. The cold air output end of the heat exchange system is connected to the cold air connector, and the hot air input end of the heat exchange system is connected to the hot air connector.

5. A hub motor as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed shaft has a first wire port and a second wire port. The first wire port is located inside the mounting cavity and communicates with the first mounting space, while the second wire port is located outside the outer rotor. The guide member has a first cable channel, and the first wire port and the second wire port of the fixed shaft are connected through the first cable channel. The connector has a second cable channel, which connects the inner and outer annular surfaces of the connector and communicates with the second wire port.

6. A hub motor as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The connector includes a first assembly and a second assembly; the first assembly has an arc-shaped structure and the cold air connector and cold air connection channel are formed on the first assembly; the second assembly has an arc-shaped structure and the hot air connector and hot air connection channel are formed on the second assembly; the first assembly and the second assembly are assembled to form a ring structure, and the first assembly and the second assembly together form the second cable channel.

7. A hub motor as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The first cable channel on the air guide is connected to the cold air guide channel.

8. A hub motor as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The connector has a first positioning hole, the fixed shaft has a second positioning hole, and the guide has a third positioning hole; it also includes a positioning member that passes through the first positioning hole, the second positioning hole, and the third positioning hole simultaneously.

9. A hub motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer rotor includes a housing, a first end cover, and a second end cover. The housing is a cylindrical structure. A shaft hole is formed on the first end cover. The first end cover is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft through the shaft hole. The first end cover is connected to one end of the housing. The second end cover is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft. The second end cover is connected to the other end of the housing. The housing, the first end cover, and the second end cover together form the mounting cavity.

10. A hub motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A seal is provided between the fixed shaft and the outer rotor.

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