Photovoltaic tile and photovoltaic tile lap joint structure

Abstract

The utility model belongs to photovoltaic module technical field, specifically disclose a kind of photovoltaic tile and photovoltaic tile lap joint structure, the utility model discloses a tile main body, photovoltaic glass being located on the upper surface of tile main body, junction box and the connector female head and connector male head separately arranged in the two sides of junction box are hit;Tile main body back surface upper end is equipped with the strip-shaped protrusion for installation;Upper lap joint part is equipped in the side of tile main body, and lower lap joint part matched with upper lap joint part is equipped in the other side of tile main body;Junction box is located in the top end of tile main body;Tile main body, upper lap joint part and junction box are all in the orthographic projection of photovoltaic glass in the plane of tile main body surface.The utility model can avoid grooving or hole when installing junction box, significantly reduce the difficulty and cost of production procedure, and the heat dissipation vent is equipped on the upper surface of tile body, the heat dissipation effect of tile is enhanced, and the service life of tile is prolonged.The utility model is applicable to the installation of photovoltaic tile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic module technology, and relates to a photovoltaic tile and a photovoltaic tile overlapping structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous popularization and maturation of photovoltaic power generation technology, the building sector is gradually becoming an important application area for photovoltaic power generation. As a photovoltaic building material, the application of photovoltaic modules in the building sector has become one of the key directions for the development of the photovoltaic industry. Among them, building roofs and exterior walls, due to their large area and good lighting conditions, have become key application scenarios for photovoltaic modules.

[0003] Taking common substrates such as concrete tiles, terracotta tiles, ceramic tiles, metal tiles, and resin tiles as examples, in existing technologies, the installation of junction boxes usually requires secondary processing on the back of the tile, such as cutting grooves or square holes. This operation is not only complex and increases production costs, but may also affect the overall structural strength and waterproof performance of the tile. Due to the different physical properties of different substrates, it is difficult to standardize the secondary processing, further increasing production difficulty and costs.

[0004] Meanwhile, photovoltaic tiles face another key issue in building applications: the surface of the tiles is constantly exposed to sunlight, especially in high-temperature environments, causing their internal temperature to rise continuously. Because traditional tile structures often lack effective heat dissipation mechanisms, heat accumulates inside the tile, leading to excessively high module temperatures. This not only reduces photovoltaic power generation efficiency but may also affect the tile's lifespan and even pose safety hazards.

[0005] Therefore, a new type of photovoltaic tile is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a photovoltaic tile that avoids grooving or drilling when installing junction boxes, significantly reducing the difficulty and cost of the production process. In addition, the tile body has heat dissipation and ventilation grooves on its upper surface, which enhances the heat dissipation effect of the tile and extends the service life of the tile. The second objective of this utility model is to provide a photovoltaic tile overlapping structure suitable for the aforementioned photovoltaic tiles.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A photovoltaic tile includes a tile body, photovoltaic glass disposed on the upper surface of the tile body, a junction box, and a female connector and a male connector disposed on both sides of the junction box; The upper part of the back of the tile body is provided with a strip-shaped protrusion for installation; An upper overlapping portion is provided on one side of the tile body, and a lower overlapping portion matching the upper overlapping portion is provided on the other side of the tile body; The junction box is located at the top of the tile body; The main body of the tile, the upper overlapping part, and the junction box are all within the orthographic projection of the photovoltaic glass onto the plane of the main body of the tile.

[0008] As a limitation, the lower end of the back of the tile body is provided with a water-stopping eave to prevent rainwater from flowing back; The water-stop eave is a strip-shaped groove with its opening facing away from the main body of the tile. The length of the water-stop eave is the sum of the width of the main body of the tile and the width of the lower overlapping part.

[0009] As a further limitation, the back of the tile body is provided with at least two symmetrical nail holes, which penetrate the tile body and the photovoltaic glass.

[0010] As a further limitation, the back of the tile body is provided with two parallel strip-shaped reinforcing beams; The two ends of the reinforcing beam are fixedly connected to the strip-shaped protrusion and the water-stop eave, respectively; The reinforcing beam is located between symmetrical nail holes.

[0011] As a further limitation, an annular sealing gasket is provided at the nail hole on the upper surface of the photovoltaic glass; The sealing gasket has a double-layer structure, with the upper layer being metal and the lower layer being rubber.

[0012] As a second limitation, at least one heat dissipation ventilation groove is provided on the upper surface of the tile body, and the length of the heat dissipation ventilation groove is the same as the length of the tile body.

[0013] As a third limitation, in the photovoltaic glass, the solar cells are connected using black conductive adhesive, which covers the main grid lines of the solar cells.

[0014] A photovoltaic tile overlapping structure, the photovoltaic tile overlapping structure comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned photovoltaic tiles; The upper and lower overlap portions of each pair of adjacent photovoltaic tiles overlap vertically, and the male connector of one photovoltaic tile is inserted into the female connector of the adjacent photovoltaic tile.

[0015] The technological advancements achieved by this invention compared to existing technologies, due to the adoption of the aforementioned technical solution, are as follows: (1) The photovoltaic tile of this utility model integrates the junction box on the top of the tile and replaces the traditional back groove with the design of photovoltaic glass extending beyond the tile body and junction box, which simplifies the installation process, avoids damage to the structural strength and waterproof performance of the substrate by secondary processing, and unifies the installation standards of different substrates, significantly reducing production costs and processing difficulty. (2) The photovoltaic tile water-stop eaves in this utility model have a strip-shaped groove structure with the opening facing away from the main body of the tile, which can effectively block rainwater from flowing back along the back of the tile and prevent water from seeping into the joint between the tile and the building base, thus significantly improving the overall waterproof performance. At the same time, the length of the water-stop eaves matches the sum of the width of the main body of the tile and the width of the lower overlap, ensuring that its coverage is sufficient and forming a coordinated drainage system with the upper overlap and the lower overlap, further reducing the risk of rainwater retention and extending the service life of the tile. (3) The symmetrical nail hole design in the photovoltaic tile of this utility model allows the nail to directly and firmly fix the photovoltaic tile through the structure of the tile body and the photovoltaic glass. Combined with the double contact of the strip protrusion and the back, it significantly improves the installation firmness and wind pressure resistance, avoiding the risk of tile loosening or falling off due to uneven local stress in the traditional installation method. At the same time, the symmetrically distributed nail holes ensure uniform stress, reduce stress concentration on the tile structure and photovoltaic glass, and extend service life. (4) The design of the double-layer circular sealing gasket in the photovoltaic tile of this utility model forms a double protective barrier at the nail hole through the composite material of metal and rubber: the upper metal layer provides high strength support to ensure that the sealing gasket does not deform during long-term use and effectively resists external impact and ultraviolet aging; the lower rubber layer has excellent elasticity and sealing performance, closely fits the contact surface between the nail hole and the photovoltaic glass, prevents rainwater, dust and other impurities from penetrating, and significantly improves waterproof and dustproof performance. (5) The photovoltaic tile of this utility model is provided with a heat dissipation and ventilation groove that runs through the entire length of the tile body. By forming a continuous air convection channel, the heat exchange efficiency between the inside of the tile and the outside can be significantly enhanced, effectively reducing the operating temperature of the photovoltaic module in a high-temperature environment, avoiding the decrease in power generation efficiency and material aging caused by heat accumulation; at the same time, the longitudinal design of the ventilation groove ensures the structural integrity and does not affect the overall mechanical properties and waterproof performance of the tile; while improving the heat dissipation effect, this structure reduces the need for additional heat dissipation devices, further simplifies the installation process, reduces production costs, and provides a reliable guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the photovoltaic tile under complex climatic conditions; (6) The photovoltaic tile of this utility model adopts the design of covering the main grid line of the battery cell with black conductive adhesive. Through its dark characteristics, it effectively shields the silver grid line and interconnection strip below, so that the surface of the photovoltaic glass presents a uniform black visual effect, which significantly improves the overall aesthetics of the photovoltaic building. At the same time, the black conductive adhesive has both conductive and adhesive functions. Under the premise of ensuring efficient interconnection between battery cells, it avoids the pain point of traditional silver grid lines affecting the appearance of the building due to reflection or incoordination. It not only meets the functional requirements, but also enhances the integration and market competitiveness of photovoltaic products in the building scene. (7) The photovoltaic tile overlapping structure of this utility model forms a tight physical interlock by overlapping the upper and lower overlapping parts of adjacent photovoltaic tiles, which effectively prevents rainwater from seeping in and wind from blowing. At the same time, the plugging method of the male and female connectors enables rapid electrical interconnection, simplifies the installation process and improves the stability of the overall structure. It not only ensures the mechanical connection strength between photovoltaic tiles, but also ensures the reliability and safety of the circuit connection.

[0016] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic module technology. When installing the junction box, it can avoid slotting or drilling, which significantly reduces the difficulty and cost of the production process. In addition, the heat dissipation and ventilation grooves on the upper surface of the tile enhance the heat dissipation effect of the tile and extend the service life of the tile. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0018] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photovoltaic tile in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the photovoltaic tile in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic tile after removing the photovoltaic glass in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic tile overlapping structure on the roof in Embodiment 2 of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the female connector and the male connector in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the tile, 2. Photovoltaic glass, 3. Junction box, 4. Female connector, 5. Male connector, 6. Strip protrusion, 7. Upper overlap, 8. Lower overlap, 9. Water-stop eaves, 10. Nail hole, 11. Circular sealing gasket, 12. Reinforcing beam, 13. Heat dissipation and ventilation groove. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 3As shown, this embodiment is a photovoltaic tile, including a tile body 1, photovoltaic glass 2 disposed on the upper surface of the tile body 1, a junction box 3, and a female connector 4 and a male connector 5 disposed on both sides of the junction box 3.

[0022] The upper part of the back of the main body 1 of the photovoltaic tile is provided with a strip-shaped protrusion 6 for installation. When the photovoltaic tile is installed, the strip-shaped protrusion 6 is used to clip onto the tile strip to fix the photovoltaic tile.

[0023] An upper overlapping portion 7 is provided on one side of the tile body 1, and a lower overlapping portion 8 that matches the upper overlapping portion 7 is provided on the other side of the tile body 1. The matching here means that when the upper overlapping portion 7 and the lower overlapping portion 8 overlap, the concave and convex parts of the upper overlapping portion 7 and the concave and convex parts of the lower overlapping portion 8 are precisely matched and inserted, so that the upper overlapping portion 7 and the lower overlapping portion 8 form a tight physical interlock.

[0024] Junction box 3 is located at the top of tile body 1. The right side of junction box 3 is connected to connector male head 5 via wire, and the left side of junction box 3 is connected to connector female head 4 via wire.

[0025] The main body of the tile 1, the upper overlapping part 7, and the junction box 3 are all within the orthographic projection of the photovoltaic glass 2 onto the plane of the surface of the main body of the tile 1. This ensures that the length of the photovoltaic glass 2 exceeds the main body of the tile 1 and the junction box 3, simplifying the installation of the junction box 3.

[0026] A water-stop eave 9 is provided at the lower back of the tile body 1 to prevent rainwater from flowing back. The water-stop eave 9 is a strip-shaped groove with its opening facing away from the tile body 1, and the length of the water-stop eave 9 is the sum of the width of the tile body 1 and the width of the lower overlapping part 8.

[0027] On the back of the tile body 1, near the strip-shaped protrusion 6, there are two symmetrical nail holes 10, which penetrate the tile body 1 and the photovoltaic glass 2. The nail holes 10 facilitate the passage of nails to fix the photovoltaic tile to the roofing strip. To increase the protection at the nail holes 10, a circular sealing gasket 11 is provided at the nail holes 10 on the upper surface of the photovoltaic glass 2. The circular sealing gasket 11 has a double-layer structure, with the upper layer in contact with the nail being metal and the lower layer in contact with the photovoltaic glass 2 being rubber.

[0028] To enhance the structural strength of the photovoltaic tile, two parallel strip-shaped reinforcing beams 12 are provided on the back of the tile body 1. The reinforcing beams 12 are located between symmetrical nail holes 10, and their two ends are fixedly connected to the strip-shaped protrusions 6 and the water-stop eaves 9, respectively.

[0029] To enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the inside of the tile and the outside, seventeen heat dissipation and ventilation slots 13 are provided on the upper surface of the tile body 1, and the length of the heat dissipation and ventilation slots 13 is the same as the length of the tile body 1.

[0030] In photovoltaic glass 2, the solar cells are connected using black conductive adhesive, which covers the main grid lines of the solar cells. The silver grid lines of existing photovoltaic tiles are very conspicuous. In this embodiment, a conductive adhesive doped with black pigment (such as black oxide or special resin) is used instead of traditional solder ribbons and white EVA film in the cell interconnection process. This black conductive adhesive, after lamination, covers the main grid lines of the solar cells. During lamination, the upper EVA film melts, and the black conductive adhesive becomes visible through the transparent EVA, thus visually concealing the underlying silver grid lines and interconnection strips.

[0031] During installation in this embodiment, the back of the photovoltaic tile body 1 and the strip-shaped protrusion 6 are brought into contact with the tile mounting strip, and two nails are used to fix it to the tile mounting strip through the nail holes 10. When power generation is needed, the male connector 5 and the female connector 4 are connected to the photovoltaic power generation circuit. This is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0032] In this embodiment, there are two nail holes 10. The number of nail holes 10 can be increased according to the actual situation, as long as it can be ensured that the photovoltaic tile can be fixed on the tile strip.

[0033] In this embodiment, the number of heat dissipation ventilation slots 13 is seventeen. The number of heat dissipation ventilation slots 13 can be adjusted according to the actual situation, as long as the heat dissipation effect of the photovoltaic tile can be guaranteed.

[0034] In summary, this embodiment avoids slotting or drilling when installing the junction box 3, significantly reducing the difficulty and cost of the production process. Furthermore, the heat dissipation and ventilation grooves 13 on the upper surface of the tile body enhance the heat dissipation effect of the tile and extend its service life.

[0035] Example 2 This embodiment is a photovoltaic tile overlapping structure, which includes multiple photovoltaic tiles as described in Embodiment 1.

[0036] A schematic diagram of the photovoltaic tile overlapping structure on the roof is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the upper overlap 7 and lower overlap 8 of every two adjacent photovoltaic tiles overlap vertically. The male connector 5 of each photovoltaic tile is inserted into the female connector of the adjacent photovoltaic tile, and the connection method is as follows. Figure 5 As shown.

[0037] The photovoltaic tiles are directly fixed with nails, and the stepped overlapping design effectively improves wind resistance while inheriting the waterproof, heat insulation, and thermal insulation properties of traditional tiles, ensuring the decorative effect and functionality of building roofs and facades. Due to their small module size, they offer greater layout flexibility than the mainstream 1500mm BIPV products currently on the market, increasing the utilization rate of building roofs and facades from 56% to over 80%.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic tile, characterized in that, It includes the tile body, photovoltaic glass on the upper surface of the tile body, junction box, and female and male connectors respectively located on both sides of the junction box; The upper part of the back of the tile body is provided with a strip-shaped protrusion for installation; An upper overlapping portion is provided on one side of the tile body, and a lower overlapping portion matching the upper overlapping portion is provided on the other side of the tile body; The junction box is located at the top of the tile body; The main body of the tile, the upper overlapping part, and the junction box are all within the orthographic projection of the photovoltaic glass onto the plane of the main body of the tile.

2. A photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower back of the tile body is provided with a water-stop eave to prevent rainwater from flowing back; The water-stop eave is a strip-shaped groove with its opening facing away from the main body of the tile. The length of the water-stop eave is the sum of the width of the main body of the tile and the width of the lower overlapping part.

3. A photovoltaic tile according to claim 2, characterized in that, The back of the tile body has at least two symmetrical nail holes, which penetrate the tile body and the photovoltaic glass.

4. A photovoltaic tile according to claim 3, characterized in that, The back of the tile body is provided with two parallel strip-shaped reinforcing beams; The two ends of the reinforcing beam are fixedly connected to the strip-shaped protrusion and the water-stop eave, respectively; The reinforcing beam is located between symmetrical nail holes.

5. A photovoltaic tile according to claim 3, characterized in that, A circular sealing gasket is provided at the nail hole on the upper surface of the photovoltaic glass; The sealing gasket has a double-layer structure, with the upper layer being metal and the lower layer being rubber.

6. A photovoltaic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, At least one heat dissipation and ventilation groove is provided on the upper surface of the tile body, and the length of the heat dissipation and ventilation groove is the same as the length of the tile body.

7. A photovoltaic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, In the photovoltaic glass, the solar cells are connected by a black conductive adhesive, which covers the main grid lines of the solar cells.

8. A photovoltaic tile according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the photovoltaic glass, the solar cells are connected by a black conductive adhesive, which covers the main grid lines of the solar cells.

9. A photovoltaic tile overlapping structure, characterized in that, The photovoltaic tile overlapping structure includes a plurality of photovoltaic tiles as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; The upper and lower overlap portions of each pair of adjacent photovoltaic tiles overlap vertically, and the male connector of one photovoltaic tile is inserted into the female connector of the adjacent photovoltaic tile.

Images