Photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated heat collecting assembly

Abstract

This application provides a photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module, which includes a fixed support frame, heat collection components, spacer components, and solar photovoltaic panels. The fixed support frame has side panels enclosing a hollow area, with the components stacked from bottom to top. The side panels have plug-in structures including a first plug-in structure and a second plug-in structure, with a first electrode and a second electrode positioned at corresponding locations. A detachable limiting structure is provided at the top. A conductive busbar structure is embedded inside the side panels. This application, while adapting to the installation requirements of large-scale standardized arrays, achieves rapid splicing and synchronous electrical connection between adjacent components, ensuring the positioning stability of each internal functional layer, and enabling convenient replacement and maintenance of individual components, thus meeting the needs of large-scale configuration of photovoltaic-thermal integrated units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of photovoltaic and solar thermal technology, and in particular relates to an integrated photovoltaic and solar thermal collector module. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing photovoltaic and solar thermal integrated modules are single-unit structures, requiring circuit wiring to be laid out group by group during array installation. The installation process is cumbersome, and the wiring positions are not fixed and limited, which can easily lead to problems such as poor contact and loosening. Moreover, most modules adopt an integrated encapsulation structure, and when a single component is damaged, the whole unit must be disassembled and replaced, making maintenance complex and costly. At the same time, the module assembly consistency is poor, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the usage requirements of rapid splicing installation, stable internal structure and convenient maintenance, and it cannot adapt to the application scenarios of large-scale standardized array installation. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the challenges of achieving rapid splicing and reliable synchronous electrical connection between adjacent components while ensuring the positioning stability of each functional layer within the component, and facilitating convenient replacement and maintenance of individual components, this application provides a modular assembly structure for photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection modules, in order to meet the requirements of large-scale standardized array installation.

[0004] This application first provides a photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module, including multiple photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection units connected in sequence. Each photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection unit includes a fixed support frame, a heat collection component, a spacer component, and a solar photovoltaic panel. The fixed support frame includes a base plate and side plates vertically arranged on the base plate. The side plates enclose a square hollow area, and the heat collection component, the spacer component, and the solar photovoltaic panel are stacked in the hollow area from bottom to top. At least one pair of opposite side plates in the hollow region are provided with a plug-in structure. The plug-in structure includes a first plug-in structure and a second plug-in structure respectively disposed on the two opposite side plates and plugged into each other. The corresponding positions of the first plug-in structure and the second plug-in structure are respectively provided with a first electrode and a second electrode for contact electrical connection. The top of the fixed support frame is provided with a detachable limiting structure, which is used to vertically limit the heat collection component, the spacer component and the solar photovoltaic panel within the hollow area. The side plate is embedded with a conductive busbar structure, and the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected to the solar photovoltaic panel through the conductive busbar structure.

[0005] Optionally, the detachable limiting structure includes a segmented pressure frame and locking bolts; The segmented pressure frame is respectively provided for each of the side plates, and each segment of the pressure frame is fixedly connected to the top surface of the corresponding side plate by the locking bolt; The lower surface of the segmented pressure frame is embedded with a buffer pad, which abuts and presses against the edge of the upper surface of the solar photovoltaic panel.

[0006] Optionally, each of the side plates has a vertically extending guide groove on its inner wall surface, and the guide groove extends vertically to the top surface of the side plate. The side edges of the heat collection component, the spacer component, and the solar photovoltaic panel are all provided with guide strips that slide and match the guide groove.

[0007] Optionally, the conductive bus structure includes an insulating groove embedded inside the side plate, a conductive bus bar disposed in the insulating groove, and an elastic conductive contact piece disposed on the conductive bus bar; The elastic conductive contact extends through the inner wall of the side plate into the hollow area; The solar photovoltaic panel has a conductive contact strip on its side, and the outer side of the conductive contact strip is covered with an insulating and sealed edge, which is integrally formed with the edge sealing structure of the solar photovoltaic panel. The elastic conductive contact piece elastically abuts against the conductive contact strip.

[0008] Optionally, an elastic sealing ring is provided around the slot of the first connector structure, and a sealing pressing surface is provided correspondingly for the second connector structure. When adjacent units are inserted into place, the elastic sealing ring is pressed and adhered to form a sealed cavity covering the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode is an elastic contact electrode, and a normal clamping force is applied to the second electrode through a built-in elastic element.

[0009] Optionally, the spacer component is a buffer layer, the buffer layer comprising a honeycomb channel metal sheet and a thermally conductive silicone substrate filled inside the honeycomb channel metal sheet; The upper and lower surfaces of the buffer layer are respectively attached to the lower surface of the solar photovoltaic panel and the upper surface of the heat collection component.

[0010] Optionally, the upper surface edge of the heat collection component is provided with an upwardly protruding positioning rim, and the lower surface edge of the buffer layer is provided with a corresponding positioning slot, the positioning rim being engaged in the positioning slot; The upper surface edge of the buffer layer is provided with an upwardly protruding positioning boss, and the lower surface edge of the solar photovoltaic panel is provided with a corresponding positioning groove, and the positioning boss is engaged in the positioning groove.

[0011] Optionally, the heat collection assembly includes a vacuum heat collection plate and a serpentine heat exchange tube disposed inside the vacuum heat collection plate; Both ends of the serpentine heat exchange tube extend to the outside of the fixed support frame, and the ends of the serpentine heat exchange tube are provided with quick-connect sealing joints.

[0012] Optionally, an anti-glare and anti-reflective film and a microprism tempered glass layer are sequentially stacked on the upper surface of the solar photovoltaic panel; The upper and lower surfaces of the anti-glare and anti-reflective film are respectively bonded to the microprism tempered glass layer and the solar photovoltaic panel.

[0013] Optionally, the inner wall of the first connector structure is provided with an elastic retaining bead, and the outer wall of the second connector structure is provided with a positioning hole at a corresponding position. When adjacent photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection units are inserted into the position, the elastic retaining bead is inserted into the positioning hole to limit the relative displacement of the two along the insertion direction. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection units located at both ends are respectively equipped with electrical connection terminals and pipeline connection terminals for connecting external equipment.

[0014] In the embodiments provided in this application, the side plates and bottom plates of the fixed support frame enclose a square hollow area. The heat collection components, spacer components, and solar photovoltaic panels are stacked sequentially within this area from bottom to top. A detachable limiting structure at the top of the fixed support frame limits the position of each layer of components, ensuring stable constraint of each functional layer in both vertical and horizontal directions, preventing misalignment or displacement between layers. When multiple photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection units are installed in an array, adjacent units are positioned by interlocking with matching first and second connectors on the side plates. The first and second electrodes at corresponding positions of the first and second connectors simultaneously engage and conduct electricity during the interlocking action. A conductive busbar structure embedded inside the side plate electrically connects the side electrodes to the solar photovoltaic panels, eliminating the need for additional internal wiring and external connections. The detachable limiting structure can be disassembled individually, allowing for replacement of the corresponding components from the top of the hollow area during maintenance, without disassembling the overall frame or adjacent units. This application, through the sequential combination of a hollow housing structure, a top limiting structure, a plug-in splicing structure, and an internal conductive busbar structure, simplifies the array installation process and improves the reliability of electrical connections and ease of maintenance while ensuring the stability of the internal structure of the component. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged view of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer layer of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module in the embodiments of this application; Figure label: 1. Fixed support frame; 2. Heat collection component; 3. Buffer layer; 31. Honeycomb channel metal sheet; 32. Thermally conductive silicone substrate; 4. Solar photovoltaic panel; 5. Anti-glare and anti-reflective film; 6. Microprism tempered glass layer; 11. First connector structure; 12. First electrode; 13. Second connector structure; 14. Second electrode; 15. Conductive busbar; 16. Elastic conductive contact piece; 17. Conductive contact strip; 18. Elastic retaining bead; 19. Positioning retaining hole; 7. Pressure frame; 8. Locking bolt; 9. Elastic sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0017] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not limiting, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without such specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0018] This application provides a photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module, which includes multiple photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection units connected in sequence, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection unit includes a fixed support frame 1, a heat collection component 2, a spacer component, and a solar photovoltaic panel 4.

[0019] The fixed support frame 1 includes a base plate and side plates vertically arranged on the base plate. The side plates enclose a square hollow area. The heat collection component 2, the spacer component, and the solar photovoltaic panel 4 are stacked in the hollow area from bottom to top.

[0020] At least one pair of opposite side plates in the hollow region are provided with a plug-in structure. The plug-in structure includes a first plug-in structure 11 and a second plug-in structure 13 respectively disposed on the two opposite side plates and plugged into each other. The corresponding positions of the first plug-in structure 11 and the second plug-in structure 13 are respectively provided with a first electrode 12 and a second electrode 14 for contact electrical connection.

[0021] The top of the fixed support frame 1 is provided with a detachable limiting structure. The detachable limiting structure is used to vertically limit the heat collection component 2, the spacer component and the solar photovoltaic panel 4 within the hollow area. The side plate is embedded with a conductive busbar structure. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are electrically connected to the solar photovoltaic panel 4 through the conductive busbar structure.

[0022] In the embodiments of this application, the photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module is used for the coordinated collection and utilization of solar photovoltaic and solar thermal energy, and can be adapted to different scale application scenarios through array splicing.

[0023] It should be noted that the fixed support frame 1 can be integrally formed from a metal material with structural strength. The base plate is a rectangular flat plate structure with its surface horizontal. The side plates extend vertically upward along the circumferential edge of the base plate, and the four side plates are connected end to end to form a square hollow area. The opening of the hollow area faces the top of the support frame. The inner contour dimensions of the hollow area are adapted to the outer contour dimensions of each functional layer, so that the heat collection component 2, the spacer component, and the solar photovoltaic panel 4 can be placed horizontally and sequentially inside the hollow area, stacked vertically from bottom to top.

[0024] The insertion structure is disposed on the outer surface of a pair of opposing side plates in the hollow region. One side plate has an inwardly recessed first insertion structure 11 on its outer surface, and the other opposing side plate has an outwardly protruding second insertion structure 13 on its outer surface. The cross-sectional profiles of the first insertion structure 11 and the second insertion structure 13 match each other, allowing adjacent heat collection units to be inserted and mated along the extension direction of the first insertion structure 11. A first electrode 12 is disposed on the inner wall surface of the first insertion structure 11, and a second electrode 14 is disposed on the outer wall surface of the second insertion structure 13. The positions of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 correspond to each other. When the second insertion structure 13 is fully inserted into the first insertion structure 11, the contact surfaces of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 adhere to each other, forming a stable conductive path. The detachable limiting structure is set at the top opening of the fixed support frame 1. It can be connected and separated from the support frame through disassembly and assembly operations. When the detachable limiting structure is installed in place, it acts downward on the edge of the uppermost solar photovoltaic panel 4, pressing the lower spacer component and heat collection component 2 together onto the base plate, realizing the vertical limiting of each functional layer and preventing each layer from moving in the vertical direction.

[0025] The conductive busbar structure is embedded inside the side plate and is not exposed on the inner or outer surface of the support frame. One end of the conductive busbar structure is electrically connected to the first electrode 12 or the second electrode 14 on the corresponding side, and the other end extends toward the interior of the hollow area to form an electrical connection with the side of the solar photovoltaic panel 4, so that a complete built-in conductive path is formed between the plug-in electrode on the side and the internal solar photovoltaic panel, without the need to lay additional wires inside the hollow area.

[0026] When assembling a single heat collection unit, first insert the heat collection component 2 through the top opening of the hollow area and place it on the upper surface of the base plate. Then, insert the spacer component and stack it on the upper surface of the heat collection component 2. Finally, insert the solar photovoltaic panel 4 and stack it on the upper surface of the spacer component. After all layers are placed, fix the detachable limiting structure to the top of the support frame to complete the vertical limiting of each internal functional layer.

[0027] When arranging the array, align the second connector structure 13 of the preceding heat collection unit with the first connector structure 11 of the following heat collection unit, and push the heat collection unit along the length of the side plate so that the second connector structure 13 is inserted into the first connector structure 11. After insertion, the relative positions of the two heat collection units are fixed, and the electrodes on both sides automatically adhere and conduct, completing the synchronous operation of mechanical and electrical connections. For maintenance and replacement, first remove the detachable limiting structure at the corresponding position to release the vertical constraints on each functional layer. Then, remove the component to be replaced from the top of the hollow area, replace it with a new one, and reinsert it. Maintenance is then completed without disassembling adjacent heat collection units or performing separate disconnection and reconnection of internal conductive lines. In existing similar components, the splicing structure is mostly used only for mechanical positioning, and electrical connections require separate external wire connections, which occupy a large area, involve many steps, and lack fixed constraints on the wiring positions, making them prone to loosening and detachment over long-term use. To ensure internal structural stability, most components are encapsulated as a whole, meaning the internal functional layers cannot be disassembled and replaced individually. If a single component fails, the entire assembly must be replaced, resulting in high maintenance costs. Using an openable encapsulation structure typically sacrifices internal positioning accuracy and the stability of conductive connections, making it difficult to strike a balance between maintainability and structural reliability.

[0028] This application forms a complete modular system by incorporating a detachable top limiting structure, a built-in conductive busbar structure on the side panels, and a side plug-in structure within the same support frame system. The top limiting structure provides stable pressure between layers, ensuring effective contact between the thermally conductive and conductive interfaces. The built-in conductive busbar structure on the side panels directly connects the splicing electrodes to the internal solar photovoltaic panels, eliminating the need for internal wiring and avoiding the risk of wear on exposed wires. The plug-in structure simultaneously completes the electrical connection while achieving mechanical splicing, resulting in a compact structure with a small footprint, reducing the number of steps required for array installation. Furthermore, the conductive busbar structure is integrated inside the side panels, not occupying installation space in the hollow area, and does not obstruct the assembly or disassembly of functional layers. The splicing direction of the plug-in structure is perpendicular to the assembly or disassembly direction of each functional layer, ensuring that the assembly and disassembly of internal components of individual units are not affected after array assembly. The entire structure improves installation efficiency while enhancing internal structural stability and ease of maintenance.

[0029] In some embodiments, the detachable limiting structure includes a segmented pressure frame 7 and a locking bolt 8. The segmented pressure frame 7 is respectively provided for each of the side plates, and each segment of the pressure frame 7 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the corresponding side plate by the locking bolt 8; a buffer pad is embedded on the lower surface of the segmented pressure frame 7, and the buffer pad abuts against the edge of the upper surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 4.

[0030] Specifically, the detachable limiting structure adopts a segmented design, consisting of multiple independent pressure frame units 7, each corresponding to one of the four side plates of the support frame. The length of each pressure frame 7 is adapted to the length of the corresponding side plate. The cross-section of the pressure frame 7 is L-shaped, with one side fitting against the top surface of the side plate and the other side extending into the hollow area to press down on the edge of the functional layer. Locking bolts 8 are evenly distributed along the length of the pressure frame 7, with at least two locking bolts 8 on each pressure frame 7. The bolts pass through the through holes on the pressure frame 7 and are screwed into the pre-set threaded holes on the top surface of the side plate to achieve a fixed connection between the pressure frame 7 and the side plate. The locking bolts 8 are fitted with limiting washers, or the top of the side plate is provided with a limiting step to limit the compression stroke of the buffer pad.

[0031] A buffer pad is embedded in the lower surface of the pressure frame 7 facing the hollow area. The buffer pad can be made of an elastic insulating material, and its length can be consistent with the effective clamping length of the corresponding pressure frame 7. The lower surface of the buffer pad slightly protrudes from the lower surface of the pressure frame 7. When the pressure frame 7 is fixed in place by the locking bolts 8, the buffer pad first contacts the upper edge of the solar photovoltaic panel 4. As the locking bolts 8 are tightened, the buffer pad undergoes elastic deformation, evenly transmitting the clamping force to the edge area of ​​the solar photovoltaic panel. This avoids stress concentration caused by direct contact between the rigid pressure frame 7 and the solar photovoltaic panel, and also absorbs the thickness tolerances of each functional layer, ensuring uniform clamping force around the perimeter. The insulating properties of the buffer pad also serve as auxiliary insulation, preventing direct contact between the pressure frame 7 and the live parts of the solar photovoltaic panel, thus improving the safety of the module.

[0032] In some embodiments, the inner wall surface of each side plate is provided with a guide groove extending vertically, the guide groove extending vertically to the top surface of the side plate; the side edges of the heat collection component 2, the spacer component and the solar photovoltaic panel 4 can be provided with guide strips that slide and match the guide groove.

[0033] For example, to improve the assembly alignment accuracy of each functional layer and reduce the risk of collisions during assembly and disassembly, a guide structure is provided on the inner wall of the side panel. Guide grooves are opened at the center or corner of the inner wall surface of each side panel, extending vertically. The top of the groove extends to the top surface of the side panel, and the bottom extends to a position close to the bottom plate. Optionally, the cross-section of the guide groove is an inverted triangle, with the width of the groove opening being smaller than the width of the groove bottom, which can prevent components from detaching from the groove horizontally. At the center of each side of the heat collection component 2, the spacer component, and the solar photovoltaic panel 4, an outwardly protruding guide strip is provided. The cross-sectional shape of the guide strip matches the cross-sectional shape of the guide groove, and the length of the guide strip is adapted to the thickness of the corresponding component. When assembling each functional layer, the guide strip on the side of the component is aligned with the groove opening at the top of the side panel, and the component is pushed vertically downwards. The guide strip slides along the inner wall of the groove, guiding the component to move smoothly downwards while maintaining a horizontal posture until it reaches the predetermined position. When disassembling components, pull them vertically upwards. The guide rail slides upwards along the groove, limiting horizontal swaying of the component throughout the process and preventing damage from the component's edges and corners hitting the inner wall of the side plate. Optionally, the outer surface of the guide rail is covered with an insulating buffer layer. The insulating buffer layer forms a moderate interference fit with the inner wall of the groove, which not only ensures smooth sliding but also provides a certain amount of friction after the component is installed, improving the stability of the installation. At the same time, it also serves as insulation, preventing direct contact between the live parts of the solar photovoltaic panel and the metal support frame.

[0034] In this application, the guide groove and the detachable limiting structure work together. The guide groove restricts the horizontal displacement of the component, while the detachable limiting structure restricts the vertical displacement of the component. Together, they achieve omnidirectional limiting of each functional layer within the hollow area. Existing support frames rely solely on the inner wall of the side plate for rough limiting. To ensure smooth component installation, a large assembly gap must be reserved. This gap can cause horizontal movement of the component during use, affecting the alignment between layers and the heat conduction effect. Reducing the assembly gap would significantly increase the assembly difficulty, making it easy for components to jam or bump during installation. This application, by setting a cooperative structure of guide groove and guide rail, improves the positioning accuracy of the component without increasing the overall assembly difficulty. At the same time, the guiding effect of the groove reduces the difficulty of disassembly and assembly operations, complementing the top limiting structure and balancing assembly convenience and structural stability.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the conductive busbar structure of this application includes an insulating groove embedded inside the side plate, a conductive busbar 15 disposed in the insulating groove, and an elastic conductive contact 16 disposed on the conductive busbar 15; the elastic conductive contact 16 extends through the inner wall of the side plate into the hollow area; a conductive contact strip 17 is disposed on the side of the solar photovoltaic panel, the outer side of the conductive contact strip 17 is covered with an insulating sealing edge, and is integrally formed with the edge sealing structure of the solar photovoltaic panel, the end of the conductive contact strip 17 is exposed from the insulating sealing edge, so that the elastic conductive contact 16 can elastically abut against the conductive contact strip 17; an elastic sealing ring 9 is disposed around the groove of the first insertion structure, and a sealing pressing surface is correspondingly disposed on the second insertion structure. When adjacent units are inserted into place, the elastic sealing ring 9 is pressed and adhered to form a sealed cavity covering the first electrode and the second electrode; the first electrode is an elastic contact electrode, and a normal pressing force is applied to the second electrode through a built-in elastic element.

[0036] Specifically, the conductive busbar structure inside the side panel adopts an embedded layout and is integrated with the support frame structure. The insulating groove is integrally formed inside the side panel during its molding process. The insulating groove extends along the length of the side panel, and its inner wall is made of insulating material, completely isolating the internal conductive components from the metal substrate of the side panel to avoid leakage risks. The conductive busbar 15 is a long, strip-shaped conductor structure embedded inside the insulating groove. The length of the conductive busbar 15 matches the length of the insulating groove. One end of the conductive busbar 15 is electrically connected to the first electrode 12 or the second electrode 14 on the corresponding side, forming a complete current conduction path. An elastic conductive contact 16 is arranged along the length of the conductive busbar 15. One end of the elastic conductive contact 16 is fixed to the conductive busbar 15, and the other end bends and extends towards the hollow area, forming an arc-shaped contact end. The inner wall of the side panel has through holes corresponding to the positions of each elastic conductive contact 16. The contact end of the elastic conductive contact 16 extends into the hollow area through the through holes, with the arc-shaped convex surface of the contact end facing the center of the hollow area. A conductive contact strip 17 is provided on the corresponding position on the side of the solar photovoltaic panel 4. The conductive contact strip 17 is electrically connected to the battery pack inside the solar photovoltaic panel, and its position corresponds to the position of the elastic conductive contact 16. When the solar photovoltaic panel 4 is installed downwards along the guide groove, the conductive contact strip 17 on the side of the solar photovoltaic panel moves downwards and contacts the arc-shaped contact end of the elastic conductive contact 16. As the solar photovoltaic panel continues to move downwards, the elastic conductive contact 16 is compressed, generating an elastic restoring force, ensuring that the contact end is always pressed tightly against the surface of the conductive contact strip 17, guaranteeing stable electrical contact. When the solar photovoltaic panel is removed upwards, the conductive contact strip 17 moves upwards and automatically separates from the elastic conductive contact 16. The entire conductive path starts from the side-mounted plug-in electrode, passes through the conductive busbar 15 inside the side plate, and then is conducted through the elastic conductive contact piece 16 to the conductive contact piece 17 of the solar photovoltaic panel, finally connecting to the power generation unit inside the solar photovoltaic panel. There are no exposed wires throughout the entire process, and all conductive components are protected by the side plate structure, reducing the impact of environmental corrosion and external wear. This application integrates the conductive busbar structure inside the side plate, achieving connection and disconnection with the solar photovoltaic panel through elastic contact. This simplifies the assembly process of the internal conductive structure and enables automatic connection and disconnection during the installation and removal of the solar photovoltaic panel. It is compatible with the actions of the plug-in structure and guide groove. The plug-in action synchronously achieves electrical connection between units, and the vertical installation and removal action synchronously achieves electrical connection within the units. The entire conductive system is fully integrated with the mechanical structure, eliminating the need for separate wiring operations. The arc-shaped contact surface design of the elastic conductive contact piece 16 can adapt to the vertical sliding during the installation of the solar photovoltaic panel, preventing jamming or scratching of the contact piece. Continuous elastic pressure can also offset contact wear after long-term use, maintaining stable conductivity.

[0037] Of course, in other alternative embodiments, welding or other methods can be used to fix the conductive contact strip 17 to the elastic conductive contact piece to improve the connection reliability. Those skilled in the art can set the electrical connection structure between the electrode and the solar photovoltaic panel according to the actual situation, and this application does not limit it.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the spacer component of this application is a buffer layer 3, which includes a honeycomb channel metal sheet 31 and a thermally conductive silicone substrate 32 filled inside the honeycomb channel metal sheet 31; the upper and lower surfaces of the buffer layer 3 are respectively attached to the lower surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 4 and the upper surface of the heat collection component 2.

[0039] It should be noted that the spacer component adopts a composite structure that combines thermal conductivity and buffering functions, simultaneously meeting the requirements for interlayer thermal conductivity and deformation adaptation. The buffer layer 3 is generally rectangular plate-shaped, with its thickness set according to the interlayer gap and thermal conductivity requirements. The outer contour dimensions of the buffer layer 3 are adapted to the inner contour dimensions of the hollow area, allowing it to be completely contained within the hollow area. The honeycomb channel metal sheet 31 forms the skeleton structure of the buffer layer 3, made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity. The honeycomb channel is composed of multiple hexagonal channel units arranged sequentially, with the channel extension direction set horizontally to form a continuous thermally conductive network. The thermally conductive silicone substrate 32 fills all the channels of the honeycomb channel metal sheet 31 and wraps around the upper and lower surfaces of the honeycomb channel metal sheet 31, forming a complete buffer layer body. The thermally conductive silicone substrate 32 has good thermal conductivity and elastic deformation capability. After being filled inside the metal channels, it can ensure rapid heat conduction within the buffer layer while also giving the entire buffer layer appropriate elasticity. The lower surface of the buffer layer 3 is completely bonded to the upper surface of the heat collection component 2, and the upper surface is completely bonded to the lower surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 4. The heat generated by the solar photovoltaic panel during operation is first conducted to the thermally conductive silicone substrate 32 through the contact surface, and then diffused in-plane through the honeycomb-shaped channel metal sheet 31, ensuring uniform heat distribution throughout the buffer layer. The heat is then conducted downwards to the surface of the heat collection component 2 and carried away by the heat exchange medium within the heat collection component 2. The elasticity of the buffer layer can absorb the assembly tolerances between the solar photovoltaic panel and the heat collection component 2, while also absorbing vibrations and shocks during use, preventing rigid collisions between the solar photovoltaic panel and the heat collection component 2. The honeycomb-shaped metal skeleton can improve the overall structural strength of the buffer layer, preventing excessive deformation after long-term pressure. Simultaneously, the continuous metal channels provide a rapid heat conduction path, improving the overall thermal conductivity. Existing interlayer thermal conductivity structures mostly employ a single thermal pad or a single metal thermal sheet. While a single thermal pad offers good elasticity, its thermal conductivity is limited. A single metal thermal sheet offers high thermal conductivity but lacks cushioning capacity and cannot accommodate minute tolerances between layers, easily leading to localized poor contact. This application employs a composite structure of a honeycomb metal skeleton filled with thermally conductive silicone, combining the high thermal conductivity of metal with the elastic cushioning of silicone. This allows the buffer layer to simultaneously provide uniform thermal conductivity, deformation adaptation, and structural support, better adapting to the working environment between the solar photovoltaic panel and the heat collection module 2. The honeycomb channel structure also allows for airflow within the buffer layer to a certain extent, aiding in the dissipation of locally accumulated heat and further improving the uniformity of heat conduction.

[0040] It should be noted that in practical applications, the internal metal channel structure of the buffer layer 3 can also be in the form of corrugation or grid, which can also achieve the function of a heat-conducting skeleton. Those skilled in the art can set it according to the actual situation, and this application does not limit it.

[0041] In some embodiments, the upper surface edge of the heat collection component 2 of this application is provided with an upwardly protruding positioning edge, and the lower surface edge of the buffer layer 3 is provided with a corresponding positioning groove, the positioning edge being engaged in the positioning groove; the upper surface edge of the buffer layer 3 is provided with an upwardly protruding positioning boss, and the lower surface edge of the solar photovoltaic panel 4 is provided with a corresponding positioning groove, the positioning boss being engaged in the positioning groove.

[0042] For example, to ensure the horizontal alignment accuracy between functional layers and avoid relative slippage between layers, a positioning structure is set at the contact surface of adjacent functional layers. A positioning perimeter is set around the circumferential edge of the upper surface of the heat collection component 2, protruding upwards. The height of the second insertion structure is set according to positioning requirements, and the outer contour of the positioning perimeter is flush with the outer contour of the heat collection component 2. A positioning groove, recessed inwards around the circumferential edge of the lower surface of the buffer layer 3, is provided at a corresponding position. The cross-sectional shape of the positioning groove matches the cross-sectional shape of the positioning perimeter, and the size of the positioning groove is slightly larger than the size of the positioning perimeter to ensure smooth engagement. When the buffer layer 3 is placed above the heat collection component 2, the positioning perimeter engages with the positioning groove, limiting the horizontal displacement of the buffer layer 3 relative to the heat collection component 2 and ensuring alignment accuracy. A positioning boss is set on the circumferential edge of the upper surface of the buffer layer 3, protruding upwards and set around the circumference of the buffer layer. The position of the positioning boss corresponds to the positioning perimeter below. A continuous, inwardly recessed positioning groove is formed along the circumferential edge of the lower surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 4. The cross-sectional shape of the positioning groove matches the cross-sectional shape of the positioning boss. This application, by setting a concave-convex positioning structure between adjacent layers, creates a mutually constrained whole between the layers. Even with minute gaps in the external frame, relative misalignment between layers will not occur, ensuring the stability of the interlayer heat conduction area and improving the reliability of the structure's operation. The continuous positioning structure also, to a certain extent, prevents edge moisture from entering the central area between layers, serving as an auxiliary sealing mechanism.

[0043] In some embodiments, the heat collection assembly 2 includes a vacuum heat collection plate and a serpentine heat exchange tube disposed inside the vacuum heat collection plate; both ends of the serpentine heat exchange tube extend to the outside of the fixed support frame 1, and the ends of the serpentine heat exchange tube are provided with quick-connect sealing joints.

[0044] It should be noted that the heat collection component 2 adopts a structure combining vacuum heat collection and in-tube heat exchange to improve the efficiency of photothermal conversion. The vacuum heat collection plate is a flat rectangular plate structure, formed by two sealed cover plates connected together, creating a closed vacuum chamber inside. The vacuum chamber reduces heat loss caused by air convection, improving the heat collection and insulation effect. The upper surface of the vacuum heat collection plate is the heat-absorbing surface, coated with a heat-absorbing coating, which can absorb solar radiation heat and convert it into thermal energy. The lower surface of the vacuum heat collection plate is attached to the upper surface of the base plate of the fixed support frame 1. The serpentine heat exchange tubes are arranged inside the vacuum chamber of the vacuum heat collection plate and are attached to the back of the heat-absorbing plate of the vacuum heat collection plate through a thermally conductive weld layer or thermally conductive fins. The heat exchange tubes bend back and forth along the length of the vacuum heat collection plate to form a continuous serpentine flow channel. The serpentine flow channel can prolong the residence time of the heat exchange medium inside the heat collection plate, increase the heat exchange area, and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0045] The serpentine heat exchange tube extends from both ends of the vacuum heat collection plate and passes through the corresponding side plates to the outside of the fixed support frame 1 for connecting to the external circulation pipeline. The two ends of the serpentine heat exchange tube protrude from the side plates of the fixed support frame 1 that do not have the first or second connector structure, and do not interfere with the side plates that do have the first or second connector structure.

[0046] Quick-connect sealing joints are located at both ends of the serpentine heat exchange tube, one end being a male connector and the other a female connector. The male and female connectors are compatible in specifications. The joints contain internal sealing elements and locking mechanisms, ensuring a stable seal after insertion and preventing heat exchange medium leakage. The quick-connect sealing joints also have a built-in one-way valve core structure. When the joint is disconnected, the valve core automatically closes, preventing the heat exchange medium from flowing out of the tube, reducing medium loss, and preventing spillage and contamination during replacement. When replacing the heat collector assembly 2, first disconnect the quick-connect sealing joints at both ends of the heat collector assembly 2, then remove the top limiting structure, and remove the heat collector assembly 2 upwards along the guide groove. No cutting or welding of the heat exchange pipeline is required, significantly simplifying the maintenance process. Existing heat collector pipelines mostly use heat fusion or threaded connections, requiring pipe cutting during replacement, which is complex and prone to damage. The quick-connect joints make replacing the heat collector assembly 2 much more convenient.

[0047] Of course, in practical applications, the heat collection components can also be implemented using structures such as flat plate heat absorption plates or blown plate heat collectors with flow channel structures. Those skilled in the art can set the heat collection components according to actual needs, and this application does not limit this.

[0048] In some embodiments, an anti-glare and anti-reflection film 5 and a microprism tempered glass layer 6 are sequentially stacked on the upper surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 4; the upper and lower surfaces of the anti-glare and anti-reflection film 5 are respectively bonded to the microprism tempered glass layer 6 and the solar photovoltaic panel 4.

[0049] Understandably, the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 4 is equipped with an optical enhancement and protection structure to improve power generation performance and lifespan. An anti-glare anti-reflective film 5 is adhered to the upper surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 4. The film has a uniform thickness, reducing specular reflection light pollution and improving light transmittance. A microprism tempered glass layer 6 is positioned above the anti-glare anti-reflective film 5. The lower surface of the microprism tempered glass layer 6 is tightly adhered to the upper surface of the anti-glare anti-reflective film 5. The outer contour dimensions of the microprism tempered glass layer 6 are adapted to the outer contour dimensions of the solar photovoltaic panel 4, and both are housed within the hollow area. The upper surface of the microprism tempered glass layer 6 has a microprism structure arranged periodically. This alters the propagation angle of incident light, allowing large-angle incident light to refract and perpendicularly illuminate the power generation layer surface of the solar photovoltaic panel, improving power generation efficiency in low-light environments and under oblique sunlight.

[0050] The microprism tempered glass layer 6 is made of tempered glass, possessing high mechanical strength and able to withstand impacts from hail, sandstorms, and other external forces, providing physical protection for the underlying solar photovoltaic panel. Simultaneously, the glass surface has a weather-resistant coating that slows down UV aging and extends its service life. The anti-glare and anti-reflective film 5 and the microprism tempered glass layer 6 are sequentially stacked on the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel. Through the synergy of their optical properties, they jointly improve light utilization efficiency. At the same time, the tempered glass layer provides external protection, preventing damage to the internal film layers and the solar photovoltaic panel from external forces.

[0051] In some embodiments, to improve connection stability, the inner wall of the first plug-in structure 11 is provided with an elastic retaining bead 18, and the outer wall of the second plug-in structure 13 is provided with a positioning hole 19 at a corresponding position. When adjacent photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection units are plugged in, the elastic retaining bead 18 is inserted into the positioning hole 19 to limit the relative displacement of the two along the plugging direction. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection units at both ends are respectively provided with electrical connection terminals and pipeline connection terminals for connecting external devices.

[0052] Specifically, the plug-in structure is equipped with a plug-in locking structure to ensure the stability of the connection after splicing, and the first and last units are equipped with external connection ports. Elastic retaining beads 18 are disposed on the inner wall surface of the first plug-in structure 11, arranged at intervals along the length of the first plug-in structure 11. Each elastic retaining bead 18 has a built-in elastic element, and the spherical part of the bead protrudes from the inner wall surface of the first plug-in structure 11, and can retract inward when subjected to radial pressure. Positioning holes 19 are disposed on the outer wall surface of the second plug-in structure 13, and their positions correspond one-to-one with the positions of the elastic retaining beads 18. The diameter of the positioning holes 19 is slightly larger than the spherical diameter of the retaining beads. When two adjacent heat collection units are plugged in, the second plugging structure 13 slides inward along the first plugging structure 11. The outer wall of the second plugging structure 13 first contacts the spherical surface of the elastic retaining bead 18, squeezing the bead inward and retracting it. When the second plugging structure 13 is plugged in, the retaining bead aligns with the positioning hole 19. Under the action of the elastic element, the retaining bead pops out and locks into the positioning hole 19, forming a locking limit, restricting the relative displacement of the two heat collection units along the plugging direction, and preventing loosening due to external force during use. When disassembly is required, a certain axial tensile force is applied, and the retaining bead automatically retracts under the pressure of the hole wall, allowing the second plugging structure 13 to be pulled out from the first plugging structure 11. The operation is simple.

[0053] In addition, the heat collection units located at the beginning and end of the array are respectively equipped with electrical connection terminals and pipeline connection terminals. The electrical connection terminals are electrically connected to the conductive bus structure on the corresponding side for connecting external electrical equipment or energy storage equipment. The pipeline connection terminals are connected to the end of the serpentine heat exchange tube on the corresponding side for connecting external heat exchange medium circulation pipelines.

[0054] During array installation, the first heat collection unit is placed first. The second connector structure 13 of the second heat collection unit is aligned with the first connector structure 11 of the first heat collection unit. The second heat collection unit is pushed along the insertion direction until the elastic retaining bead 18 engages with the positioning hole 19, completing the splicing of the two units. At this point, the electrodes of the two units automatically align and conduct, and the heat exchange pipelines can also be synchronously connected via quick-connect fittings. This process is repeated to splice subsequent heat collection units until the required array length is reached. Finally, external circuits and external pipelines are connected to the heat collection units at both ends, making the array ready for use. This significantly simplifies the installation process for large-scale arrays and improves installation efficiency. Existing array installations require multiple steps, including bracket fixing, mechanical connection, circuit wiring, and pipeline connection. Each step requires separate operation, is time-consuming, and the connection quality is greatly affected by the operator's skill level. This application ensures consistent fit of all connection parts through simple plug-in connections, reducing errors caused by manual operation and making it more suitable for large-scale standardized array installation scenarios. The locking force of the elastic ball 18 can be adapted by adjusting the elasticity of the elastic element to meet the locking requirements of different installation scenarios, ensuring that it will not loosen during normal use and that disassembly and maintenance are not too strenuous. Optionally, the elastic electrode or the elastic ball 18 in this application can be fixedly connected to the support frame by an elastic element formed by a spring or elastic material to achieve the elastic function. Of course, those skilled in the art can also use other implementation methods, which are conventional technical means in this field and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] For example, during actual array operation, sunlight shines on the surface of the components, first passing through the microprism tempered glass layer 6. After the angle of the light is adjusted by the microprism structure, it passes through the anti-glare and anti-reflection film 5 to reach the power generation layer of the solar photovoltaic panel 4. The solar photovoltaic panel converts light energy into electrical energy, and the generated current is conducted through the conductive contact strip 17 on the side to the elastic conductive contact piece 16, and then through the conductive busbar 15 to the plug-in electrode on the side. It is then transmitted sequentially through the plug-in electrical connection between units, and finally output to external equipment from the electrical connection terminals at the beginning and end. At the same time, the light energy that is not converted by the solar photovoltaic panel and the heat generated by the operation of the solar photovoltaic panel are conducted downward through the buffer layer 3 to the vacuum heat collection plate of the heat collection component 2. After absorbing the heat, the vacuum heat collection plate heats the heat exchange medium in the internal serpentine heat exchange tube. The heat exchange medium flows along the pipe, carrying the heat out of the component and connecting to the external circulation system through the pipe connection terminals at the beginning and end, realizing the collection and utilization of heat. The entire photoelectric and photothermal conversion process is carried out simultaneously. The heat is fully recovered by the heat collection component 2 through the uniform conduction of the buffer layer, which not only improves the comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy, but also reduces the working temperature of the solar photovoltaic panel, thereby improving power generation efficiency and service life.

[0056] This application is not limited thereto. In practical applications, the size and number of solar collector units can be adjusted according to the specific usage scenario. The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module, characterized in that, It includes multiple photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection units that are electrically connected in sequence. Each photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection unit includes a fixed support frame, a heat collection component, a spacer component, and a solar photovoltaic panel. The fixed support frame includes a base plate and side plates vertically arranged on the base plate. The side plates enclose a square hollow area, and the heat collection component, the spacer component, and the solar photovoltaic panel are stacked in the hollow area from bottom to top. At least one pair of opposite side plates in the hollow region are provided with a plug-in structure. The plug-in structure includes a first plug-in structure and a second plug-in structure respectively disposed on the two opposite side plates and plugged into each other. The corresponding positions of the first plug-in structure and the second plug-in structure are respectively provided with a first electrode and a second electrode for contact electrical connection. The top of the fixed support frame is provided with a detachable limiting structure, which is used to vertically limit the heat collection component, the spacer component and the solar photovoltaic panel within the hollow area. The side plate is embedded with a conductive busbar structure, and the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected to the solar photovoltaic panel through the conductive busbar structure.

2. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable limiting structure includes a segmented pressure frame and locking bolts; The segmented pressure frame is respectively provided for each of the side plates, and each segment of the pressure frame is fixedly connected to the top surface of the corresponding side plate by the locking bolt; The lower surface of the segmented pressure frame is embedded with a buffer pad, which abuts and presses against the edge of the upper surface of the solar photovoltaic panel.

3. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the side plates has a vertically extending guide groove on its inner wall surface, and the guide groove extends vertically to the top surface of the side plate. The side edges of the heat collection component, the spacer component, and the solar photovoltaic panel are all provided with guide strips that slide and match the guide groove.

4. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive bus structure includes an insulating groove embedded inside the side plate, a conductive bus bar disposed in the insulating groove, and an elastic conductive contact piece disposed on the conductive bus bar. The elastic conductive contact extends through the inner wall of the side plate into the hollow area; The solar photovoltaic panel has a conductive contact strip on its side, and the outer side of the conductive contact strip is covered with an insulating and sealed edge, which is integrally formed with the edge sealing structure of the solar photovoltaic panel. The elastic conductive contact piece elastically abuts against the conductive contact strip.

5. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connector structure has an elastic sealing ring around the groove, and the second connector structure has a corresponding sealing pressing surface. When adjacent units are inserted into place, the elastic sealing ring is pressed and adhered to form a sealed cavity covering the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode is an elastic contact electrode, and a normal clamping force is applied to the second electrode through a built-in elastic element.

6. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacer component is a buffer layer, which includes a honeycomb channel metal sheet and a thermally conductive silicone substrate filled inside the honeycomb channel metal sheet; The upper and lower surfaces of the buffer layer are respectively attached to the lower surface of the solar photovoltaic panel and the upper surface of the heat collection component.

7. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper surface edge of the heat collection component is provided with an upwardly protruding positioning rim, and the lower surface edge of the buffer layer is provided with a corresponding positioning slot, and the positioning rim engages in the positioning slot. The upper surface edge of the buffer layer is provided with an upwardly protruding positioning boss, and the lower surface edge of the solar photovoltaic panel is provided with a corresponding positioning groove, and the positioning boss is engaged in the positioning groove.

8. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat collection assembly includes a vacuum heat collection plate and a serpentine heat exchange tube disposed inside the vacuum heat collection plate. Both ends of the serpentine heat exchange tube extend to the outside of the fixed support frame, and the ends of the serpentine heat exchange tube are provided with quick-connect sealing joints.

9. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the solar photovoltaic panel is sequentially stacked with an anti-glare and anti-reflective film and a microprism tempered glass layer. The upper and lower surfaces of the anti-glare and anti-reflective film are respectively bonded to the microprism tempered glass layer and the solar photovoltaic panel.

10. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first connector structure is provided with elastic retaining beads, and the outer wall of the second connector structure is provided with positioning holes at corresponding positions. When adjacent photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection units are inserted into the position, the elastic retaining beads are inserted into the positioning holes to limit the relative displacement of the two along the insertion direction. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated heat collection units located at both ends are respectively equipped with electrical connection terminals and pipeline connection terminals for connecting external equipment.

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