A single button hardware switch circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to electronic circuit technical field, specifically disclose a single button hardware switch circuit, include: keying circuit, active integration circuit, delay circuit, D flip -flop and power switch circuit, the input of keying circuit is connected with total power, and the output of keying circuit is connected with the input of delay circuit, and the output of delay circuit is connected with the clock signal port of D flip -flop, and the data output port of D flip -flop is connected with the input of power switch circuit, and the output of power switch circuit is connected with the data input port of D flip -flop and load respectively, the utility model discloses through long press button switch and charge active integration circuit, then through hysteresis comparator and carry out pulse delay output, control D flip -flop output state's change, realize delay switch and shutdown, solved the size of the present one button switch machine, still have the power consumption after shutdown and lead to standby time shortening, and the problem that software exception cannot force shutdown restart.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, and specifically discloses a single-button hardware power on / off circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional one-button power on / off solutions mainly include mechanical switches and software-assisted switches. Mechanical switches mainly include knobs and buttons, which are purely physical hardware switches. Their advantage is that they do not require software assistance and have zero power consumption when powered off. However, they are generally large in size, occupying limited space in the device and are not suitable for handheld devices. For portable devices that rely on battery power, software-assisted switches actually put the internal processor in standby mode when powered off, resulting in unnecessary battery power consumption and affecting the standby time of battery-powered devices. There is also a risk that a forced shutdown and restart cannot be performed to recover in case of software malfunction. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a single-button hardware power-on / off circuit to solve the problems of existing one-button power-on / off circuits being large in size, still consuming power after power-off leading to shortened standby time, and being unable to force shutdown and restart when software malfunctions.

[0004] The specific solution of this utility model is as follows: A single-button hardware power switch circuit for controlling the switching of the main power supply to the connected load, comprising: Key circuit, active integrator circuit, delay circuit, D flip-flop and power switch circuit; The input terminal of the button circuit is connected to the main power supply, the output terminal of the button circuit is connected to the input terminal of the delay circuit, the output terminal of the delay circuit is connected to the clock signal port of the D flip-flop, the data output port of the D flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the power switch circuit, and the output terminal of the power switch circuit is connected to the data input port of the D flip-flop and the load respectively.

[0005] In some embodiments, the button circuit includes a button switch and a first resistor. The input terminal of the button switch is connected to the main power supply, the output terminal of the button switch is connected to one end of the first resistor and the input terminal of the active integrator circuit, and the other end of the first resistor is grounded.

[0006] In some embodiments, the active integrator circuit includes an amplifier, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a second resistor, and a third resistor. The non-inverting input port of the amplifier is connected to one end of the third resistor and one end of the second capacitor. The other end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the push-button switch and one end of the first resistor. The other end of the second capacitor is connected to the negative power supply port of the amplifier and then grounded. The negative-inverting input port of the amplifier is connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the second resistor. The other end of the second resistor is grounded. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to the output port of the amplifier and the input terminal of the delay circuit. The positive power supply port of the amplifier is connected to the main power supply.

[0007] In some embodiments, the amplifier is an operational amplifier.

[0008] In some embodiments, the delay circuit includes a comparator, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a Zener diode. The positive input port of the comparator is connected to one end of the fourth resistor and one end of the sixth resistor, respectively. The other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output port of the amplifier and the other end of the first capacitor, respectively. The other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the output port of the comparator and the clock signal port of the D flip-flop, respectively. The negative input port of the comparator is connected to one end of the fifth resistor, respectively. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor and the anode of the Zener diode, respectively. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the main power supply. The cathode of the Zener diode is grounded. The positive power supply port of the comparator is connected to the main power supply, and the negative power supply port of the comparator is grounded.

[0009] In some embodiments, the comparator is a hysteresis comparator.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power switch circuit includes a field-effect transistor (FET), an eighth resistor, and a ninth resistor. The gate of the FET is connected to one end of the eighth resistor and one end of the ninth resistor, respectively. The other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the data output port of the D flip-flop. The source of the FET is connected to the main power supply and the other end of the ninth resistor, respectively. The drain of the FET is connected to the data input port of the D flip-flop and the load, respectively.

[0011] In some embodiments, the field-effect transistor is a PMOS field-effect transistor.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. This utility model features a small-sized single-button hardware switch circuit composed of a button circuit, an active integrator circuit, a delay circuit, a D flip-flop, and a power switch circuit. By pressing and holding the button switch, the active integrator circuit is charged, and then a pulse delay output is performed through a hysteresis comparator to control the change in the output state of the D flip-flop, thereby controlling the on / off state of the field-effect transistor and realizing delayed switching and shutdown. The power on / off can be completed with a single button press in pure hardware without the need for software assistance. It can achieve a near-zero power consumption standby mode when the device is off, effectively improving the standby time of battery-powered electronic devices and bringing great convenience to users. It also enables electronic devices to be forcibly shut down and restarted in case of software malfunctions. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a single-button hardware power switch circuit in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a single-button hardware power switch circuit in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0015] Attached diagram labels: 1-Main power supply, 2-Button circuit, 3-Active integrator circuit, 4-Delay circuit, 5-Power switch circuit, 6-Load. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The specific implementation method is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Example 1 A single-button hardware power switch circuit is used to control the switching of the main power supply to the connected load, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: 2. Button circuit; 3. Active integrator circuit; 4. Delay circuit; 5. D flip-flop U3; and 6. Power switch circuit. The input terminal of the button circuit is connected to the main power supply 1, the output terminal of the button circuit is connected to the input terminal of the delay circuit, the output terminal of the delay circuit is connected to the clock signal port of the D flip-flop U3, the data output port of the D flip-flop U3 is connected to the input terminal of the power switch circuit, and the output terminal of the power switch circuit is connected to the data input port of the D flip-flop U3 and the load 6 respectively.

[0018] Among them, the D flip-flop U3 is an information storage device with memory function and two stable states, namely 0 and 1. Under the action of a certain external signal, it can flip from one stable state to the other.

[0019] In some embodiments, the button circuit 2 includes a button switch SW1 and a first resistor R1. The input terminal of the button switch SW1 is connected to the main power supply 1, the output terminal of the button switch SW1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the input terminal of the active integrator circuit, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is grounded.

[0020] The resistance of the first resistor R1 is 1kΩ.

[0021] In some embodiments, the active integrator circuit 3 includes an amplifier U1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. The non-inverting input port of the amplifier U1 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3 and one end of the second capacitor C2. The other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal of the push-button switch SW1 and one end of the first resistor R1. The other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the negative power supply port of the amplifier U1 and then grounded. The non-inverting input port of the amplifier U1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 and one end of the second resistor R2. The other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded. The other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the output port of the amplifier U1 and the input terminal of the delay circuit. The positive power supply port of the amplifier U1 is connected to the main power supply 1.

[0022] The resistance values ​​of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are both 20kΩ, and the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are both 10uF.

[0023] In some embodiments, amplifier U1 is an operational amplifier.

[0024] The operational amplifier can be the LM358 model. An operational amplifier is a DC-coupled electronic amplifier device with high open-loop gain, high input impedance, and low output impedance, primarily used for signal amplification, mathematical operations, and circuit control.

[0025] In some embodiments, the delay circuit 4 includes a comparator U2, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, and a Zener diode D1. The positive input port of the comparator U2 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4 and one end of the sixth resistor R6. The other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the output port of the amplifier U1 and the other end of the first capacitor C1. The other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the output port of the comparator U2 and the clock signal port of the D flip-flop U3. The negative input port of the comparator U2 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7 and the anode of the Zener diode D1. The other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the main power supply 1. The cathode of the Zener diode D1 is grounded. The positive power supply port of the comparator U2 is connected to the main power supply 1, and the negative power supply port of the comparator U2 is grounded.

[0026] Among them, the resistance values ​​of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 are both 10kΩ, the resistance value of the sixth resistor R6 is 100kΩ, and the resistance value of the seventh resistor R7 is 1kΩ.

[0027] In some embodiments, comparator U2 is a hysteresis comparator.

[0028] The hysteresis comparator can be the LM339 model. A hysteresis comparator, also known as a Schmitt trigger, is an analog circuit with dual threshold characteristics. It achieves hysteresis propagation by introducing positive feedback and is mainly used to suppress noise interference and improve system stability.

[0029] In some embodiments, the power switch circuit 5 includes a field-effect transistor Q1, an eighth resistor R8, and a ninth resistor R9. The gate of the field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8 and one end of the ninth resistor R9, respectively. The other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the data output port of the D flip-flop U3. The source of the field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to the main power supply 1 and the other end of the ninth resistor R9, respectively. The drain of the field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to the data input port of the D flip-flop U3 and the load 6, respectively.

[0030] Among them, the resistance of the eighth resistor R8 is 100Ω, and the resistance of the ninth resistor R9 is 10kΩ.

[0031] In some embodiments, the field-effect transistor Q1 is a PMOS field-effect transistor.

[0032] Among them, PMOS field-effect transistor stands for P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor. It is a transistor based on an n-type silicon substrate, with two P+ doped regions forming the source and drain respectively. Its working principle is to form a conductive channel through hole migration. When a sufficient positive voltage is applied to the gate, a P-type inversion layer is formed on the surface of the N-type silicon substrate as a conductive channel. The channel resistance can be adjusted by changing the gate voltage.

[0033] The working process of a single-button hardware power on / off circuit: A pulse signal is generated by pressing and holding the button switch SW1: When the button switch SW1 is not pressed, the level signal sent to the active integrator circuit is low; when the button switch SW1 is pressed, the level signal sent to the active integrator circuit is high, and the voltage output by the active integrator circuit to the delay circuit continuously increases. By setting the parameters of the active integrator circuit, when the button press time reaches 3 seconds, the voltage output by the active integrator circuit to comparator U2 in the delay circuit is higher than the reference voltage of comparator U2, and then comparator U2 outputs a high level; when the button switch SW1 is released, the active integrator circuit outputs a low level; this realizes the process of generating a pulse signal by pressing and holding the button switch SW1 and sending it to the D flip-flop U3.

[0034] Control of the power switch circuit: The control level of the power switch circuit is "active low"; the voltage output by the power switch circuit is fed back to the data input port of D flip-flop U3, the voltage output by comparator U2 is sent to the clock signal port of D flip-flop U3, and the output voltage of D flip-flop U3 is pulled up to the main power supply 1 through a resistor.

[0035] Before power-on: The output of D flip-flop U3 is pulled high by the resistor, which turns off the output of the power switch circuit, and the input level of the data input port of D flip-flop U3 is low.

[0036] Power on: Press and hold the button switch SW1 to trigger the D flip-flop U3 to output a low level, the power switch circuit 5 turns on, the load 6 is powered on, and the input level of the data input port of the D flip-flop U3 becomes high.

[0037] Power off: Press and hold the button switch SW1 to trigger the D flip-flop U3 to output a high level, the power switch circuit 5 is turned off, the load 6 is turned off, and the input level of the data input port of the D flip-flop U3 becomes low level.

[0038] This utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model shall be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A single-button hardware power switch circuit for controlling the switching of the main power supply connected to the load, characterized in that, include: Key circuit, active integrator circuit, delay circuit, D flip-flop and power switch circuit; The input terminal of the button circuit is connected to the main power supply, the output terminal of the button circuit is connected to the input terminal of the delay circuit, the output terminal of the delay circuit is connected to the clock signal port of the D flip-flop, the data output port of the D flip-flop is connected to the input terminal of the power switch circuit, and the output terminal of the power switch circuit is connected to the data input port of the D flip-flop and the load respectively.

2. The single-button hardware power on / off circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The button circuit includes a button switch and a first resistor. The input terminal of the button switch is connected to the main power supply, and the output terminal of the button switch is connected to one end of the first resistor and the input terminal of the active integrator circuit, respectively. The other end of the first resistor is grounded.

3. The single-button hardware power on / off circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The active integrator circuit includes an amplifier, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a second resistor, and a third resistor. The non-inverting input port of the amplifier is connected to one end of the third resistor and one end of the second capacitor. The other end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the push-button switch and one end of the first resistor. The other end of the second capacitor is connected to the negative power supply port of the amplifier and then grounded. The negative-inverting input port of the amplifier is connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the second resistor. The other end of the second resistor is grounded. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to the output port of the amplifier and the input terminal of the delay circuit. The positive power supply port of the amplifier is connected to the main power supply.

4. A single-button hardware power on / off circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The amplifier is an operational amplifier.

5. A single-button hardware power on / off circuit according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The delay circuit includes a comparator, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a Zener diode. The positive input port of the comparator is connected to one end of the fourth resistor and one end of the sixth resistor. The other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output port of the amplifier and the other end of the first capacitor. The other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the output port of the comparator and the clock signal port of the D flip-flop. The negative input port of the comparator is connected to one end of the fifth resistor. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor and the anode of the Zener diode. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the main power supply. The cathode of the Zener diode is grounded. The positive power supply port of the comparator is connected to the main power supply, and the negative power supply port of the comparator is grounded.

6. A single-button hardware power on / off circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The comparator is a hysteresis comparator.

7. A single-button hardware power on / off circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power switch circuit includes a field-effect transistor (FET), an eighth resistor, and a ninth resistor. The gate of the FET is connected to one end of the eighth resistor and one end of the ninth resistor, respectively. The other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the data output port of the D flip-flop. The source of the FET is connected to the main power supply and the other end of the ninth resistor, respectively. The drain of the FET is connected to the data input port of the D flip-flop and the load, respectively.

8. A single-button hardware power on / off circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The field-effect transistor is a PMOS field-effect transistor.

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