A time-delay adjustable self-locking device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to electronic circuit technical field discloses a kind of adjustable self-locking device and electronic equipment of delay, device includes: delay circuit and self-locking circuit, wherein, the input end of delay circuit receives external alarm signal, the output end of delay circuit is connected with the input end of self-locking circuit, the output end of self-locking circuit is respectively connected with self-locking circuit input end and the input end of micro control unit. By screening the alarm pulse signal inputted by delay circuit, only keep the effective pulse greater than the set time length, alarm signal is continuously output using self-locking circuit, ensure that micro control unit is stably read, solve the problem of alarm signal in prior art missing reading, high cost and multiple pin occupation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, specifically to a time-delay adjustable self-locking device and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In fault detection of electronic equipment, accurate reading of alarm signals is crucial to ensuring reliable operation. Related technologies primarily employ two methods for alarm signal detection: 1) Pulse detection: The MCU directly reads the falling edge of the alarm pulse signal to determine the alarm status. However, this method has significant drawbacks: if the alarm pulse is narrow, the MCU may miss it due to insufficient response speed, leading to a missed alarm; furthermore, the instability of the pulse signal can easily cause misjudgments. 2) Serial / SPI communication: The alarm code is sent to the MCU via a communication protocol. While this method avoids missed alarms, it requires additional communication pins on the MCU, increasing hardware costs and pin resource consumption, and also raising the complexity of software programming.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an alarm signal processing solution that can balance reliability, low cost, and low resource consumption. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a time-delay adjustable self-locking device and electronic equipment to solve the problems of low reliability, high cost and high resource consumption in the existing technology of alarm detection.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a time-delay adjustable self-locking device, the device comprising: a time-delay circuit and a self-locking circuit, wherein,

[0006] The input terminal of the delay circuit receives an external input signal, and the output terminal of the delay circuit is connected to the input terminal of the self-locking circuit. The output terminal of the self-locking circuit is connected to both the input terminal of the self-locking circuit and the input terminal of the microcontroller unit.

[0007] This utility model provides a time-delay adjustable self-locking device, which filters the input alarm pulse signal through a delay circuit, retaining only valid pulses longer than the set duration, and continuously outputs the alarm signal using the self-locking circuit to ensure stable reading by the microcontroller unit. This solves the problems of missed alarm signal reading, high cost, and excessive pin usage in the prior art.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the device further includes an isolation circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the self-locking circuit, and the output of which is connected to the input of the microcontroller unit.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the self-locking circuit includes: a first optocoupler, a first end of the first optocoupler connected to an external first power supply, a second end of the first optocoupler connected to the output terminal of the delay circuit, a third end of the first optocoupler connected to the external first power supply, the second end of the first optocoupler and the input terminal of the isolation circuit respectively, and a fourth end of the first optocoupler grounded.

[0010] In one optional implementation, the delay circuit includes: a first resistor, a first capacitor, a Zener diode, and a transistor, wherein,

[0011] The first end of the first resistor is connected to an external alarm signal. The second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the cathode of the Zener diode. The anode of the Zener diode is connected to the base of the transistor. The collector of the transistor is connected to the second end of the first optocoupler. The emitter of the transistor and the second end of the first capacitor are both grounded.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the delay circuit further includes a second resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first resistor, the first end of the first capacitor, and the cathode of the Zener diode, respectively, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the delay circuit further includes a third resistor, the first end of which is connected to the anode of the Zener diode and the base of the transistor, and the second end of which is grounded.

[0014] In one alternative implementation, the delay circuit adjusts the delay time by setting the parameters of the first resistor and the first capacitor.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, the isolation circuit includes: a second optocoupler, a first end of which is connected to an external first power supply, a second end of which is connected to a third end of the first optocoupler, the third end of which is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller unit and an external second power supply respectively, and a fourth end of which is grounded.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the device further includes a filter circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the isolation circuit, and the output of which is connected to the input of the microcontroller unit.

[0017] Secondly, the present invention provides an electronic device including the time-adjustable self-locking device of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above.

[0018] This invention provides an electronic device that integrates the time-delay adjustable self-locking device described in the above embodiments. This device is used to realize real-time monitoring of the device's operating status and reliable processing of alarm signals, ensuring that the device can promptly feed back to the control unit when a fault occurs, thereby improving the safety and stability of the device's operation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 It is an alarm signal detection technique in related technologies;

[0021] Figure 2 This is another alarm signal detection intent in related technologies;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an adjustable self-locking device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another time-delay adjustable self-locking device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a circuit structure diagram of the time-delay adjustable self-locking device according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can also refer to the internal connection of two components; and they can refer to a wireless connection or a wired connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] Figures 1-2 It is currently the most commonly used method for detecting pulse alarm signals. Figure 1 The current alarm signal method relies on the Microcontroller Unit (MCU) to read pulses to determine if the module is alarming. When the module is operating normally, the alarm signal is inactive and defaults to a low level. When a fault occurs, the alarm signal activates immediately, outputting a pulse. The high-level bandwidth of this pulse is determined by the duration of the fault. In this case, the MCU only needs to read the falling edge to determine if the module is alarming. This approach has certain drawbacks. The MCU may fail to read the alarm pulse signal, leading to missed alarms. Furthermore, the instability of the pulse signal can easily cause false alarms. Figure 2 The alarm signal is sent directly to the MCU via serial or SPI communication, which is highly efficient and eliminates the possibility of missed alarms. However, this method requires additional MCU pins, increasing hardware costs and pin resource consumption, and also raising the complexity of software programming.

[0030] Therefore, this utility model provides a time-delay adjustable self-locking device. For example... Figure 3As shown, the time-delay adjustable self-locking device includes: a time-delay circuit 1 and a self-locking circuit 2. The input terminal of the time-delay circuit 1 receives an external input signal, and the output terminal of the time-delay circuit 1 is connected to the input terminal of the self-locking circuit 2. The output terminal of the self-locking circuit 2 is connected to both the input terminal of the self-locking circuit 2 and the input terminal of the microcontroller unit.

[0031] Specifically, the external input signal is the external alarm signal. After receiving the external alarm signal, delay circuit 1 performs a delay filtering process to filter out narrow pulses with a duration shorter than a set threshold. Upon receiving a valid alarm signal after the delay filtering, self-locking circuit 2 enters a self-locking state and continuously outputs a low level to the microcontroller unit (MCU). By locking the instantaneous alarm signal to a continuous output, self-locking circuit 2 ensures that the MCU can reliably read the alarm signal, effectively avoiding signal loss caused by narrow pulses.

[0032] This invention provides a time-delay adjustable self-locking device that filters the input alarm pulse signal through a delay circuit, retaining only valid pulses longer than a set duration. The self-locking circuit continuously outputs the alarm signal, ensuring stable reading by the microcontroller unit. This solves the problems of missed alarm signal readings, high cost, and excessive pin usage in existing technologies. Furthermore, the time-delay adjustable self-locking device has a simple structure and high reliability, making it suitable for various electronic devices requiring stable alarm signal detection.

[0033] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the time-delay adjustable self-locking device also includes: an isolation circuit 3, the input terminal of the isolation circuit 3 is connected to the output terminal of the self-locking circuit 2, and the output terminal of the isolation circuit 3 is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller unit.

[0034] Specifically, the isolation circuit 3 isolates the signal output from the self-locking circuit 2 and transmits it to the microcontroller unit (MCU), thereby achieving electrical isolation between the power-side circuit where the self-locking circuit 2 is located and the control-side circuit where the microcontroller unit (MCU) is located. This blocks the direct transmission of voltage fluctuations, surges, or grounding interference from the power side to the control side, thus providing reliable protection for sensitive chips such as the microcontroller unit (MCU) and preventing them from being damaged due to external electrical anomalies.

[0035] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 5As shown, the self-locking circuit 2 includes: a first optocoupler E1, the first end of which is connected to an external first power supply P5V; the second end of which is connected to the output of the delay circuit 1; the third end of which is connected to the external first power supply P5V, the second end of which is connected to the input of the isolation circuit 3; and the fourth end of which is grounded. The isolation circuit 3 includes: a second optocoupler E2, the first end of which is connected to the external first power supply P5V; the second end of which is connected to the third end of the first optocoupler E1; the third end of which is connected to the input of the microcontroller unit MCU and the external second power supply 3V3; and the fourth end of which is grounded.

[0036] Specifically, when the module is operating normally, the alarm signal FO remains low. At this time, the first optocoupler E1 is not conducting, the Ud signal remains high at 5V, and consequently, the second optocoupler E2 is also not conducting. Therefore, MCU_FO remains high, and the microcontroller unit (MCU) determines that the module has no alarm. When an alarm occurs, the alarm signal FO conducts and outputs a pulse. This pulse triggers the first optocoupler E1 to conduct, causing the Ud signal to go low. Simultaneously, the Ud signal acts in reverse on the first optocoupler E1, keeping it continuously conducting, forming a self-locking state to ensure that the Ud signal remains low. In this state, the second optocoupler E2 conducts due to the low Ud signal, keeping MCU_FO low, thus ensuring that the MCU can reliably read the alarm signal and effectively avoiding signal loss due to a narrow pulse width. Even if FO returns to low, the self-locking state remains and requires manual reset to release.

[0037] Furthermore, the self-locking circuit 2 also includes resistors R10, R11, and R16. Resistor R10 is connected in series between the first terminal of the first optocoupler E1 and the external first power supply P5V to limit current. Resistor R11 is connected in series between the third terminal of the first optocoupler E1 and the external first power supply P5V to both limit current and pull up. Resistor R16 is connected in series between the third terminal and the second terminal of the first optocoupler E1 to achieve impedance matching.

[0038] The isolation circuit 3 also includes resistors R12 and R13. Resistor R12 is connected in series between the first terminal of the second optocoupler E2 and the external first power supply P5V, and serves as a current limiter. Resistor R13 is connected in series between the third terminal of the second optocoupler E2 and the external second power supply 3V3, and serves as both a current limiter and a pull-up function.

[0039] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the time-delay adjustable self-locking device also includes: a filter circuit 4, the input terminal of the filter circuit 4 is connected to the output terminal of the isolation circuit 3, and the output terminal of the filter circuit 4 is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller unit.

[0040] Specifically, a filter circuit 4 is provided between the isolation circuit 3 and the microcontroller unit (MCU). Its function is to filter out high-frequency noise in signal transmission and further ensure the stability of signal transmission. The filter circuit 4 includes a resistor R14 and a capacitor C2. One end of the resistor R14 is connected to the third terminal of the second optocoupler E2, and the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2 and the input terminal of the microcontroller unit. The other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0041] In addition, such as Figure 5 As shown, a resistor R15 is provided between the self-locking circuit 2 and the isolation circuit 3, which serves to achieve impedance matching.

[0042] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the delay circuit 1 includes: a first resistor R1, a first capacitor C1, a Zener diode D1, and a transistor Q1. The first terminal of the first resistor R1 is connected to the external alarm signal FO. The second terminal of the first resistor R1 is connected to both the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the cathode of the Zener diode D1. The anode of the Zener diode D1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1. The collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the first optocoupler E1. The emitter of the transistor Q1 and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 are both grounded.

[0043] Specifically, a delay circuit 1 is added between the alarm signal FO and the first optocoupler E1. Its core function is to filter the FO pulse signal through a hardware mechanism. Narrow pulses with a pulse width less than the time parameter set by the delay circuit 1 can be directly filtered out, thereby enhancing the device's adaptability to different application scenarios and enabling the filtering of signals from different application occasions.

[0044] The working principle of this delay circuit is as follows: An RC charging circuit is formed by the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1. When the alarm signal FO is high, the circuit charges the first capacitor C1, and the voltage at point Ua gradually increases during the charging process. Since a Zener diode D1 with a regulated voltage of 2.7V is included in the circuit, when the voltage at point Ua rises to 3.4V, the voltage at point Ub reaches 0.7V, which precisely satisfies the conduction condition of transistor Q1. After transistor Q1 conducts, it triggers the first optocoupler E1 to conduct. Furthermore, the delay time of delay circuit 1 is adjusted by setting the parameters of the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1.

[0045] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 5As shown, the delay circuit 1 further includes: a second resistor R2, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, the first end of the first capacitor C1, and the cathode of the Zener diode D1, respectively, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded. The delay circuit 1 further includes: a third resistor R3, the first end of which is connected to the anode of the Zener diode D1 and the base of the transistor Q1, respectively, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is grounded.

[0046] Specifically, the second resistor R2 in delay circuit 1 enables rapid discharge of the first capacitor C1, ensuring that the first capacitor C1 can be reset in time to respond to subsequent signals. The third resistor R3 is used to channel the reverse leakage current of the Zener diode D1, effectively avoiding the micro-conduction phenomenon of transistor Q1 caused by leakage current during charging, and ensuring the stability of the circuit logic.

[0047] This invention provides an electronic device, including the time-adjustable self-locking device described in the above embodiments.

[0048] Specifically, the electronic device integrates the time-adjustable self-locking device described in the above embodiments, which is used to realize real-time monitoring of the device's operating status and reliable processing of alarm signals, ensuring that the device can promptly feed back to the control unit when a fault occurs, thereby improving the safety and stability of the device's operation.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A time-delay adjustable self-locking device, characterized in that, The device includes: a delay circuit and a self-locking circuit, wherein... The input terminal of the delay circuit receives an external input signal, and the output terminal of the delay circuit is connected to the input terminal of the self-locking circuit. The output terminal of the self-locking circuit is connected to both the input terminal of the self-locking circuit and the input terminal of the microcontroller unit.

2. The time-delay adjustable self-locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes an isolation circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the self-locking circuit, and the output of which is connected to the input of the microcontroller unit.

3. The time-delay adjustable self-locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The self-locking circuit includes: a first optocoupler, a first end of which is connected to an external first power supply, a second end of which is connected to the output of the delay circuit, a third end of which is connected to the external first power supply, the second end of which is connected to the input of the isolation circuit, and a fourth end of which is grounded.

4. The time-delay adjustable self-locking device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The delay circuit includes: a first resistor, a first capacitor, a Zener diode, and a transistor, wherein, The first end of the first resistor is connected to an external alarm signal. The second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the cathode of the Zener diode. The anode of the Zener diode is connected to the base of the transistor. The collector of the transistor is connected to the second end of the first optocoupler. The emitter of the transistor and the second end of the first capacitor are both grounded.

5. The time-delay adjustable self-locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The delay circuit further includes a second resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first resistor, the first end of the first capacitor, and the cathode of the Zener diode, respectively, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded.

6. The time-delay adjustable self-locking device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The delay circuit further includes a third resistor, the first end of which is connected to the anode of the Zener diode and the base of the transistor, and the second end of which is grounded.

7. The time-delay adjustable self-locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The delay circuit adjusts the delay time by setting the parameters of the first resistor and the first capacitor.

8. The time-delay adjustable self-locking device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The isolation circuit includes: a second optocoupler, the first end of which is connected to an external first power supply, the second end of which is connected to the third end of the first optocoupler, the third end of which is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller unit and an external second power supply respectively, and the fourth end of which is grounded.

9. The time-delay adjustable self-locking device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The device further includes a filter circuit, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the isolation circuit, and the output terminal of which is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller unit.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the time-adjustable self-locking device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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