A solar cell
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521551242.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-07-23
AI Technical Summary
[0004]因此，本实用新型要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中的太阳能电池由于焊带表面的镀锡层熔化后会覆盖到电池表面，这将会增加对电池表面的遮光面积，直接导致电池发电量减少
[0015]本实用新型提供的太阳能电池，在空白区设置熔接件，可以替代UV固化胶将焊带固定在电池上，相较于现有技术中而言，由于无需使用UV固化胶，那么UV固化胶所在的区域可以作为受光面使用，可以增加电池的受光面积，有利于提高电池的发电量。而且，由于利用熔接件的导电性导通空白区两侧的细栅线，便可替代主栅线的作用，无需设置主栅线则会减少银浆的使用，有利于降低生产成本。而且，由于现有技术中的空白区因为主栅线的遮挡本就无法接收光照，因此将熔接件设置在空白区并不会减小电池的受光面积，不会对电池的发电量产生负面影响。而且，由于熔接件具有粘接性，因此可以使用无锡焊带替代包含镀锡合金层的焊带，一方面成本会更低，另一方面焊带不会在封装层压时受热使镀锡层熔化覆盖到电池表面而减小电池的受光面积，降低电池发电量。而且，在后续使用过程中，电池也不会因为产生热斑效应，导致焊带表面镀锡层熔化影响导电接触性，导致电池失效，有利于提高电池的可靠性。
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Figure CN224791010U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solar cell technology, and specifically to a solar cell. Background Technology
[0002] In the current solar cell production process, fine grid lines and main grid lines need to be screen-printed on the surface of the solar cell (transparent conductive layer). UV-curable adhesive (non-conductive) is printed or dotted on the surface of the main grid lines (the area between two horizontally adjacent fine grid lines) to temporarily fix the solder ribbon to the cell. Then, during the lamination and encapsulation process, the tin-plated alloy layer on the surface of the solder ribbon is melted at a temperature of about 140°C to make the main grid lines adhere to the solder ribbon and conduct current.
[0003] However, since the tin plating on the solder ribbon melts and covers the battery surface, this increases the area of the battery surface that is blocked from sunlight, directly reducing the battery's power generation. Furthermore, UV-curable adhesives have low transparency; using UV-curable adhesives to fix the solder ribbons and main grid lines reduces the area of the battery surface exposed to sunlight, leading to a decrease in battery power generation. Utility Model Content
[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the fact that in existing solar cells, the tin plating layer on the surface of the solder ribbon melts and covers the cell surface, which increases the light-shielding area of the cell surface and directly leads to a reduction in cell power generation. Furthermore, using UV-curable adhesive to fix the solder ribbon and the main grid lines reduces the area of the cell surface exposed to sunlight, resulting in a reduction in cell power generation. Therefore, this invention provides a new type of solar cell.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:
[0006] This utility model provides a solar cell, comprising at least: a body, wherein a plurality of fine grid lines are arrayed and screen-printed on a transparent conductive layer of the body, the plurality of fine grid lines being arranged parallel and spaced apart along the length direction of the cell, and collinear along the width direction of the cell with a blank area between adjacent fine grid lines; a fusion splice, disposed in the blank area to conduct the fine grid lines on both sides of the blank area; and a solder ribbon, disposed on the transparent conductive layer of the body, wherein the fusion splice, which is collinear along the length direction of the cell, is bonded to the solder ribbon so that the fine grid lines on both sides of the fusion splice are connected to the solder ribbon.
[0007] Furthermore, the welded component is a strip-shaped structure made of tin glue.
[0008] Furthermore, the melting point of the welded component is not lower than 180°C.
[0009] Furthermore, the width of the strip structure at its middle section is greater than the width at both ends along the length of the welded component.
[0010] Furthermore, the tin-free solder strip includes one or more of bare copper solder strip and electroplated solder strip.
[0011] Furthermore, the solar cell also includes an encapsulating film disposed on the surface of the transparent conductive layer of the body, wherein the fine grid lines, the welded components, and the solder ribbons are all located between the encapsulating film and the transparent conductive layer.
[0012] Furthermore, the encapsulating film includes one or more of EVA film, POE film, and EPE film.
[0013] Furthermore, the solar cell also includes transparent glass disposed on the side of the encapsulating film opposite to the transparent conductive layer.
[0014] The technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages:
[0015] The solar cell provided by this invention features a welded component in the blank area, which can replace UV-curing adhesive to fix the solder ribbon to the cell. Compared to existing technologies, since UV-curing adhesive is not required, the area where the UV-curing adhesive is located can be used as a light-receiving surface, increasing the cell's light-receiving area and thus improving power generation. Furthermore, the welded component's conductivity allows the fine grid lines on both sides of the blank area to be connected, replacing the function of the main grid lines. Eliminating the need for main grid lines reduces the use of silver paste, thus lowering production costs. Moreover, since the blank area in existing technologies is blocked by the main grid lines and cannot receive light, placing the welded component in the blank area does not reduce the cell's light-receiving area and does not negatively impact power generation. Furthermore, because the welded component has adhesive properties, tin-free solder ribbon can be used instead of solder ribbon containing a tin-plated alloy layer. This is lower in cost and prevents the solder ribbon from melting and covering the cell surface during encapsulation lamination, thus reducing the cell's light-receiving area and power generation. Furthermore, during subsequent use, the battery will not experience hot spot effects that could cause the tin plating on the solder ribbon to melt, affecting conductivity and leading to battery failure, thus improving battery reliability. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the solar cell in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the connection between the solder strip and the welded component in the solar cell of this utility model embodiment;
[0019] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the connection between the fine grid lines and the welded component in the solar cell of this utility model embodiment;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the blank area in the solar cell of this utility model embodiment.
[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0022] 1. Body; 2. Fine grid lines; 3. Welded parts; 4. Weld strips; 5. Blank area. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0026] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a solar cell. For example, the type of solar cell can be an HJT (Heterojunction Technology) cell, a PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) cell, or a TOPCON (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact Solar Cell) cell. The solar cell includes at least: a body 1, on which a plurality of fine grid lines 2 are arrayed and screen-printed on a transparent conductive layer. The fine grid lines 2 are arranged in parallel and spaced along the length of the cell. The spacing between two adjacent fine grid lines 2 can be designed according to actual needs. Moreover, along the width of the cell, there are collinear fine grid lines 2 and blank areas 5 are left between two adjacent fine grid lines 2. That is, from the overall perspective, multiple rows and columns of fine grid lines 2 are prepared on the surface of the cell. There will be a gap between two adjacent rows of fine grid lines 2, thus forming blank areas 5; a welding element 3, which is set in the blank area 5. The conductivity of the welding element 3 enables it to conduct the fine grid lines 2 connected to its two ends. In actual arrangement, except for the two rows of fine grid lines 2 located at the edge, the welding element 3 can be set at both ends of each individual fine grid line 2 contained in each other row; and a tin-free solder ribbon 4, that is, a solder ribbon 4 without a tin-plated alloy layer. Preferably, the tin-free solder ribbon 4 can be one or more of bare copper solder ribbon 4 or electroplated solder ribbon 4. The solder ribbon 4 is disposed on the transparent conductive layer of the main body 1, and all collinear welded parts 3 along the length of the battery are bonded to the solder ribbon 4, so that the fine grid lines 2 on both sides of the welded parts 3 are conductive to the solder ribbon 4. In other words, in fact, a solder ribbon 4 is disposed between every two adjacent rows of fine grid lines 2. The solder ribbon 4 can be bonded to the battery by utilizing the adhesive properties of the welded parts 3.
[0028] For example, during actual processing, after the fine grid lines 2 on the battery are screen-printed, the welding element 3 can be set in the blank area 5 on the battery surface through secondary screen printing to conduct the fine grid lines 2. When the battery and the welding strip 4 are connected in series and welded, the welding element 3 can be heated to melt it and then the welding strip 4 can be bonded to the battery.
[0029] The solar cell provided in this embodiment uses a welded element 3 in the blank area 5 to fix the solder ribbon 4 to the cell, replacing UV-curing adhesive. Compared to the prior art, since UV-curing adhesive is not required, the area where the UV-curing adhesive is located can be used as a light-receiving surface, increasing the light-receiving area of the cell and thus improving its power generation. Furthermore, the welded element 3's conductivity allows the fine grid lines 2 on both sides of the blank area 5 to be connected, thus replacing the function of the main grid lines. Eliminating the need for main grid lines reduces the use of silver paste, lowering production costs. Moreover, since the blank area 5 in the prior art cannot receive light due to the obstruction of the main grid lines, placing the welded element 3 in the blank area 5 does not reduce the light-receiving area of the cell and does not negatively impact its power generation. Furthermore, because the welded element 3 has adhesive properties, tin-free solder ribbon 4 can be used instead of solder ribbon 4 containing a tin-plated alloy layer. This is lower in cost, and the solder ribbon 4 will not melt and cover the cell surface during encapsulation lamination, thus reducing the light-receiving area and power generation. Furthermore, during subsequent use, the battery will not experience hot spot effects that could cause the tin plating layer on the solder ribbon 4 surface to melt, affecting conductivity and leading to battery failure, thus improving battery reliability.
[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the weldment 3 can be manufactured using the same screen printing process as the fine grid line 2. Specifically, the weldment 3 can be a strip structure made of solder paste, the size of which is adapted to the size of the blank area 5. Preferably, the melting point of the weldment 3 is not lower than 180°C. With this setting, even if a hot spot effect occurs (the temperature reaches about 140°C), the weldment 3 will not melt, affecting its conductivity and adhesion performance, and the overall reliability of the battery will be higher. Preferably, the width of the strip structure in the middle is greater than the width at both ends along the length of the weldment 3. With this setting, the wider middle area of the weldment 3 is used to connect with the larger solder strip 4, which can improve the adhesion strength between the two, while the narrower end area of the weldment 3 can ensure that it connects and conducts with the fine grid line 2 while occupying as little light-receiving area of the battery as possible, which is beneficial to improving the power generation efficiency of the battery.
[0031] In the production of solar cells, an encapsulating film and transparent glass are subsequently applied to the transparent conductive layer, and the final product is produced through a lamination encapsulation process. The encapsulating film is disposed on the surface of the transparent conductive layer of the main body 1, and the fine grid lines 2, welded components 3, and solder ribbons 4 are all located between the encapsulating film and the transparent conductive layer. The solar cell also includes transparent glass disposed on the side of the encapsulating film facing away from the transparent conductive layer. Preferably, the encapsulating film includes one or more of EVA film, POE film, and EPE film. However, as can be seen from the above embodiments, the battery in this application has achieved certain improvements in structure and process before lamination encapsulation compared to existing solar cells, which will also have a positive effect on the subsequent lamination encapsulation process. Specifically, in existing solar cell lamination technology, the tin-plated alloy layer on the surface of the solder ribbon 4 melts during lamination. To prevent the solder ribbon 4 on the battery from detaching from the UV-curable adhesive and to prevent the encapsulation film from flowing between the solder ribbon 4 and the battery, causing the solder ribbon 4 to lose contact with the battery, a skin film with low fluidity is used to cover the space between the battery and the encapsulation film to prevent conductive failure between the battery and the solder ribbon 4. However, in this application, the solder ribbon 4 and the welding element 3 have a melting point higher than 180°C. Therefore, even during lamination (140°C), the welding element 3 will not melt, preventing the solder ribbon 4 on the battery from detaching from the welding element 3. Furthermore, the tin-free solder ribbon 4 will not experience the problem of the tin-plated alloy layer melting, thus preventing the encapsulation film from flowing between the solder ribbon 4 and the battery, causing the solder ribbon 4 to lose contact with the battery. Therefore, in this application, there is no need to use a skin film to cover the space between the battery and the encapsulation film to prevent conductive failure between the battery and the solder ribbon 4, which simplifies the materials and process of lamination encapsulation and helps to reduce the cost of lamination encapsulation.
[0032] It should be noted that EVA (Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polar material) is mainly composed of a resin copolymerized from ethylene and vinyl acetate under high pressure, which determines its basic properties. POE (Polyolyaltha Olfin, a non-polar material) is mainly composed of olefins and polyolefin resins. EPE, on the other hand, is formed by extruding three layers of materials: EVA, POE, and EVA.
[0033] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.
Claims
1. A solar cell, characterized in that, At least including: The main body has a transparent conductive layer with several fine grid lines screen-printed on it. The fine grid lines are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the length of the battery, and collinear along the width of the battery with a blank area between two adjacent fine grid lines. A welded element is disposed in the blank area to conduct the fine grid lines on both sides of the blank area; The tin-free solder strip is disposed on the transparent conductive layer of the main body, and the fusion splices that are collinear along the length direction of the battery are bonded to the tin-free solder strip so that the fine grid lines on both sides of the fusion splice are connected to the solder strip.
2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The welded component is a strip-shaped structure made of tin glue.
3. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The melting point of the welded component is not lower than 180°C.
4. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width of the strip structure in the middle is greater than the width at both ends along the length of the welded part.
5. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Wuxi solder strip includes one or more of bare copper solder strip and electroplated solder strip.
6. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an encapsulating film disposed on the surface of the transparent conductive layer of the body, wherein the fine grid lines, the welded components, and the solder ribbons are all located between the encapsulating film and the transparent conductive layer.
7. The solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, The encapsulating film includes one or more of EVA film, POE film, and EPE film.
8. The solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes transparent glass, disposed on the side of the encapsulating film opposite to the transparent conductive layer.