Edible mushroom filling machine with electrically adjustable filling caliber

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of edible mushroom filling machines with electrically adjustable filling caliber, including rack and inside sequentially communicating feed chamber, stirring chamber, conveying chamber, blanking chamber, and drive cavity is equipped between stirring chamber and conveying chamber. Stirring assembly contains arc blade to scatter material, and double helix reverse conveying assembly prevents winding and pitch decreases to keep uniformity;Blanking assembly is opened and closed by cylinder control baffle, bottom iris component is adjusted caliber by fan-shaped petal stepless adjustment;Double motor in drive cavity drives stirring and conveying respectively. Solve the problems of traditional equipment, such as blockage, uneven conveying and non-adjustable caliber, achieve efficient and accurate filling, and are suitable for large-scale edible mushroom cultivation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to an edible mushroom filling machine with electrically adjustable filling nozzle diameter. Background Technology

[0002] Edible fungi, as a high-value-added agricultural crop, require high-quality substrate filling during cultivation. The substrate filling process is a crucial step in edible fungi cultivation, necessitating uniformity, looseness, and precise filling volume to ensure consistent temperature, humidity, aeration, and nutrient distribution in the spawn's growth environment. Currently, while existing edible fungi substrate filling equipment can achieve basic material conveying and discharging functions, it still suffers from the following technical defects: Material clumping and blockage: Edible fungi cultivation substrates are mostly mixed materials such as straw, sawdust, and cottonseed hulls, which easily clump together after storage or transportation due to moisture absorption and compression. Traditional equipment lacks an effective dispersing mechanism, and clumped material easily blocks the inlet or conveying channel, leading to filling interruptions and affecting production efficiency. Poor conveying uniformity: Traditional conveying devices often use single spiral blades or auger structures, which can cause material accumulation or segregation during conveying due to uneven stress, resulting in large fluctuations in material flow at the discharge port. This makes it difficult to meet the precise substrate filling volume requirements of different varieties and growth stages of edible fungi. The feeding port diameter is not adjustable: Existing equipment mostly has a fixed feeding port size, which cannot adjust the feeding amount according to the substrate type (such as particle size and density) or cultivation mode (such as bag cultivation or bottle cultivation). Manual intervention is required for adjustment (such as changing templates of different diameters), which is cumbersome and inefficient. Low degree of automation: Traditional equipment relies on manual control of start-up, shutdown and adjustment, which is labor-intensive and difficult to link with the upstream feeding system and downstream cultivation line. It cannot adapt to the large-scale and intelligent edible fungus cultivation scenario.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of edible mushroom filling machine with a compact structure, high functional integration, and automatic adjustment capability to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an edible mushroom filling machine with electrically adjustable filling nozzle diameter.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: This utility model discloses an electrically adjustable filling nozzle machine for edible fungi, comprising a frame. Inside the frame, a feeding chamber, a mixing chamber, a conveying chamber, and a discharging chamber are sequentially connected vertically from top to bottom. A driving chamber is laterally opened on the same side of the mixing chamber and the conveying chamber, and the driving chamber is connected to both the mixing chamber and the conveying chamber. The mixing chamber contains a mixing component for dispersing materials, the conveying chamber contains a conveying component for preventing material entanglement, and the discharging chamber contains a discharging component for controlling the opening and closing of the discharging nozzle. A nozzle adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom outlet of the discharging component for adjusting the discharging nozzle diameter. A driving mechanism is fixedly installed in the driving chamber, comprising two parallel and spaced-apart first and second driving motors. The first driving motor drives the mixing component, and the second driving motor drives the conveying component.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft horizontally rotatably disposed within the stirring chamber, with both ends of the stirring shaft rotatably connected to the left and right sidewalls of the stirring chamber via stirring bearing seats; a plurality of stirring blades are spaced apart along the axial direction of the stirring shaft, each stirring blade having an arc-shaped plate structure, its outer arc surface being clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the stirring chamber; one end of the stirring shaft near the driving chamber penetrates through the sidewall of the stirring chamber and extends into the driving chamber, and is fixedly connected to a first driven gear; the first driving motor is connected to the first driven gear of the stirring assembly via a chain.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the conveying assembly includes two parallel and horizontally rotatably mounted conveying shafts within the conveying cavity, with opposite rotation directions (one left-handed and the other right-handed); each conveying shaft has a conveying helical blade fixedly wound around its outer circumference, the pitch of which gradually decreases along the conveying direction; both ends of the two conveying shafts are rotatably connected to the front and rear sidewalls of the conveying cavity via conveying bearing seats; one end of each of the two conveying shafts near the driving cavity penetrates the sidewall of the conveying cavity and extends into the driving cavity, and is respectively fixedly connected to a second driven gear and a third driven gear; the second drive motor engages with the second driven gear and the third driven gear via a second gear set.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the feeding assembly includes a feeding channel vertically fixedly disposed within the feeding cavity. The top inlet of the feeding channel is connected to the bottom outlet of the conveying cavity, and the bottom outlet faces the feeding cavity. A feeding shaft is horizontally rotatably disposed within the feeding channel. A rectangular baffle is fixedly fitted on the outer circumferential surface of the feeding shaft, and the edge of the baffle slides in contact with the inner wall of the feeding channel. Both ends of the feeding shaft penetrate the side wall of the feeding channel and extend into the feeding cavity. A feeding opening and closing cylinder is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the feeding cavity, and the piston rod of the feeding opening and closing cylinder is hinged to the edge of the baffle through an adapter. The feeding opening and closing cylinder is fixed to the outer wall of the frame through a cylinder bracket.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the aperture adjustment mechanism includes an iris assembly coaxially fixed at the bottom outlet of the feeding channel. The iris assembly is composed of multiple annularly distributed fan-shaped petals, with a radial gap formed at the joint of two adjacent fan-shaped petals. A rotating ring is coaxially arranged on the outer surface of the iris assembly, and a rotating slider is fixedly connected to the inner side of each fan-shaped petal. The rotating slider engages with a positioning hole on the rotating ring via a rotating shaft. An iris driving cylinder is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the feeding chamber, and a sliding block is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the iris driving cylinder. The sliding block is hinged to the rotating ring.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a rectangular feed inlet is provided at the top of the feeding chamber, and an openable dust cover is fixedly provided at the feed inlet; a circular transition port connecting the feeding chamber is provided at the bottom of the conveying chamber.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. Anti-clogging mixing structure to improve material dispersion: The arc-shaped mixing blades inside the mixing chamber fit with the chamber wall and are driven by the first drive motor to rotate, which can effectively disperse large pieces or lumps of material falling into the feeding chamber and avoid clogging the subsequent conveying channel; the arc-shaped blade design reduces friction loss with the chamber wall and extends the service life of the equipment. 2. Reverse spiral variable pitch conveying to ensure material uniformity: The conveying chamber uses double spiral blades with opposite rotation directions (left-hand / right-hand), and the pitch gradually decreases along the conveying direction. This can gather the mixed material towards the center and gradually pressurize and push it, avoiding material accumulation or segregation, and ensuring that the material flow rate conveyed to the discharge chamber is stable and uniform, meeting the continuous filling requirements of large-scale planting. 3. Multi-level adjustable feeding structure for precise quantity control: The feeding component controls the rotation of the rectangular baffle through the feeding opening and closing cylinder, which can quickly open or close the feeding channel; combined with the stepless adjustment of the bottom iris component, it can adapt to the feeding quantity requirements of different substrate types (such as particle size and density) or cultivation modes (such as bag cultivation and bottle cultivation), with high adjustment accuracy and fast response speed. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the front view of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the iris module of this utility model; In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Mixing assembly; 3. Conveying assembly; 4. Discharging assembly; 5. Diameter adjustment mechanism; 6. Drive mechanism; 11. Feeding chamber; 12. Mixing chamber; 13. Conveying chamber; 14. Discharging chamber; 15. Drive chamber; 21. Mixing shaft; 22. Mixing blades; 23. Mixing bearing seat; 24. First driven gear; 31. Conveying shaft; 32. Conveying spiral blades; 33. Conveying bearing seat; 34. Second driven gear; 35. Third driven gear; 4 1. Feeding channel; 42. Baffle; 43. Feeding shaft; 44. Feeding opening and closing cylinder; 45. Adapter; 46. Cylinder bracket; 51. Iris assembly; 52. Iris drive cylinder; 61. First drive motor; 62. Second drive motor; 63. Second gear set; 111. Feed inlet; 112. Dust cover; 131. Circular transition port; 511. Fan-shaped petals; 512. Radial gap; 513. Rotating ring; 514. Rotating slider; 521. Sliding block. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0014] In the attached diagram, all identical reference numerals refer to the same components.

[0015] Example 1: Basic Structure Configuration like Figure 1-4As shown, this embodiment provides an edible mushroom filling machine with electrically adjustable filling nozzle diameter, including a frame 1. The inside of the frame 1 is connected from top to bottom to a feeding chamber 11, a stirring chamber 12, a conveying chamber 13 and a discharging chamber 14. A driving chamber 15 is opened laterally on the same side of the stirring chamber 12 and the conveying chamber 13. The driving chamber 15 is connected to the stirring chamber 12 and the conveying chamber 13.

[0016] Stirring assembly 2: A stirring shaft 21 is horizontally rotatably disposed in the stirring chamber 12, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the stirring chamber 12 through stirring bearing seats 23; a plurality of stirring blades 22 are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the stirring shaft 21. The stirring blades 22 are arc-shaped plate structures, and their outer arc surfaces maintain a small gap with the inner wall of the stirring chamber 12; one end of the stirring shaft 21 near the drive chamber 15 passes through the side wall of the stirring chamber 12 and extends into the drive chamber 15, and is fixedly connected to the first driven gear 24; the first drive motor 61 is connected to the first driven gear 24 of the stirring assembly 2 through a chain, driving the stirring shaft 21 to rotate. When the arc-shaped stirring blades 22 rotate with the shaft, they break up large pieces or clumps of material falling from the feed chamber 11 to avoid blocking the subsequent channels.

[0017] Please see Figure 2 Conveying assembly 3: Located within the conveying chamber 13, it includes two parallel and horizontally rotating conveying shafts 31 with opposite rotation directions (one left-handed and the other right-handed). Each conveying shaft 31 has a conveying spiral blade 32 fixedly wound around its outer circumference, with the pitch of the spiral blade 32 gradually decreasing along the conveying direction. Both ends of the two conveying shafts 31 are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the conveying chamber 13 via conveying bearing seats 33. One end of each of the two conveying shafts 31 near the drive chamber 15 passes through the side wall of the conveying chamber 13 and extends into the drive chamber 15, and is respectively fixedly connected to a second driven gear 34 and a third driven gear 35. The second drive motor 62 meshes with the second driven gear 34 and the third driven gear 35 through a second gear set 63, synchronously driving the two conveying shafts 31 to rotate in opposite directions. The spiral blades 32 gather the stirred material towards the center and push it forward. The decreasing pitch design can gradually increase the conveying pressure, ensuring that the material enters the discharge chamber 14 stably.

[0018] Please see Figure 3The feeding assembly 4 and the diameter adjustment mechanism 5 are as follows: A feeding channel 41 is vertically fixed in the feeding chamber 14, with its top inlet connected to the bottom outlet of the conveying chamber 13 and its bottom outlet facing the feeding chamber 14; A feeding shaft 43 is horizontally rotatably installed in the feeding channel 41, with a rectangular baffle 42 fixedly fitted on its outer circumference, and the edge of the baffle 42 slidingly contacting the inner wall of the feeding channel 41; Both ends of the feeding shaft 43 pass through the side wall of the feeding channel 41 and extend into the feeding chamber 14; A feeding opening and closing cylinder 44 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the feeding chamber 14, with its piston rod hinged to the edge of the baffle 42 through an adapter 45, and the feeding opening and closing cylinder 44 is fixed to the outer wall of the frame 1 through a cylinder bracket 46; When the piston rod of the feeding opening and closing cylinder 44 extends and retracts, it pushes the baffle 42 to rotate around the feeding shaft 43, thereby realizing the opening and closing control of the feeding channel 41.

[0019] Please see Figure 4 An iris assembly 51 is coaxially fixed at the bottom outlet of the feeding channel 41. It consists of multiple annularly distributed fan-shaped petals 511, with a radial gap 512 formed at the joint of two adjacent fan-shaped petals 511. A rotating ring 513 is coaxially arranged on the outer surface of the iris assembly 51. A rotating slider 514 is fixedly connected to the inner side of each fan-shaped petal 511. The rotating slider 514 is engaged with the positioning hole on the rotating ring 513 through a rotating shaft. An iris drive cylinder 52 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the feeding chamber 14. A sliding block 521 is fixedly connected to its piston rod. The sliding block 521 is hinged to the rotating ring 513. When the piston rod of the iris drive cylinder 52 extends or retracts, it pushes the sliding block 521 to drive the rotating ring 513 to rotate. The rotating slider 514 drives each fan-shaped petal 511 to rotate synchronously, adjusting the width of the radial gap 512, thereby adjusting the size of the feeding port.

[0020] Example 2: Enhanced stirring structure The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the optimized design of the stirring assembly 2: the number of stirring blades 22 on the stirring shaft 21 is increased to 8, and the blade thickness gradually decreases from the root to the tip, reducing the gap between the outer arc surface and the inner wall of the stirring chamber 12; the power of the first drive motor 61 in the drive chamber 15 is increased, and the chain drive is replaced by a synchronous belt drive. This design enhances the stirring assembly 2's ability to disperse high-humidity, high-viscosity materials (such as wet sawdust and peat moss), reduces the adhesion of materials to the chamber wall or blade surface, and avoids secondary agglomeration; the synchronous belt drive reduces noise during high-speed operation and improves the stability of equipment operation.

[0021] In the above embodiments, each component is fixed by conventional connectors such as bolts and bearing seats; the core functions (stirring, conveying, feeding, and diameter adjustment) are all achieved through the transmission and relative movement between parts. The structure is compact and easy to maintain, and can meet the filling needs of various edible fungi such as oyster mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, and wood ear mushrooms.

[0022] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A mushroom filling machine with electrically adjustable filling nozzle diameter, characterized in that, The machine includes a frame (1), inside which a feeding chamber (11), a mixing chamber (12), a conveying chamber (13), and a discharging chamber (14) are arranged vertically from top to bottom. A driving chamber (15) is opened laterally on the same side of the mixing chamber (12) and the conveying chamber (13), and the driving chamber (15) is connected to both the mixing chamber (12) and the conveying chamber (13). A mixing component (2) for dispersing materials is provided in the mixing chamber (12), and a conveying component (3) for preventing entanglement of materials is provided in the conveying chamber (13). The feeding chamber (14) is provided with a feeding component (4) for controlling the opening and closing of the feeding; the bottom outlet of the feeding component (4) is provided with a diameter adjustment mechanism (5) for adjusting the feeding port diameter; the driving chamber (15) is fixedly provided with a driving mechanism (6), which includes two parallel and spaced first driving motors (61) and second driving motors (62). The first driving motor (61) is used to drive the stirring component (2), and the second driving motor (62) is used to drive the conveying component (3).

2. The edible mushroom filling machine with electrically adjustable filling nozzle diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring assembly (2) includes a stirring shaft (21) that is horizontally rotatably disposed in the stirring chamber (12). The two ends of the stirring shaft (21) are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the stirring chamber (12) through stirring bearing seats (23). Multiple stirring blades (22) are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the stirring shaft (21). The stirring blades (22) are arc-shaped plate structures, and their outer arc surfaces are clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the stirring chamber (12). One end of the stirring shaft (21) near the driving chamber (15) passes through the side wall of the stirring chamber (12) and extends into the driving chamber (15), and is fixedly connected to a first driven gear (24). The first driving motor (61) is connected to the first driven gear (24) of the stirring assembly (2) through a chain.

3. The edible mushroom filling machine with electrically adjustable filling nozzle diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that... The conveying assembly (3) includes two parallel and horizontally rotatably arranged conveying shafts (31) in the conveying cavity (13), with opposite rotation directions. Each conveying shaft (31) has a conveying spiral blade (32) fixedly wound around its outer circumferential surface, with the pitch of the conveying spiral blade (32) gradually decreasing along the conveying direction. Both ends of the two conveying shafts (31) are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the conveying cavity (13) through conveying bearing seats (33). One end of the two conveying shafts (31) near the drive cavity (15) passes through the side wall of the conveying cavity (13) and extends into the drive cavity (15), and is respectively fixedly connected to a second driven gear (34) and a third driven gear (35). The second drive motor (62) meshes with the second driven gear (34) and the third driven gear (35) through a second gear set (63).

4. The edible mushroom filling machine with electrically adjustable filling nozzle diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding assembly (4) includes a feeding channel (41) vertically fixedly disposed in the feeding cavity (14). The top inlet of the feeding channel (41) is connected to the bottom outlet of the conveying cavity (13), and the bottom outlet faces the feeding cavity (14). A feeding shaft (43) is horizontally rotatably disposed in the feeding channel (41). A rectangular baffle (42) is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the feeding shaft (43). The edge of the baffle (42) is close to the feeding channel (14). 1) The inner wall of the material feeding shaft (43) slides in contact with the material feeding channel (41) and extends into the material feeding chamber (14) through both ends of the material feeding shaft (43); a material feeding opening and closing cylinder (44) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the material feeding chamber (14), and the piston rod of the material feeding opening and closing cylinder (44) is hinged to the edge of the baffle (42) through the adapter (45); the material feeding opening and closing cylinder (44) is fixed to the outer wall of the frame (1) through the cylinder bracket (46).

5. A mushroom filling machine with electrically adjustable filling nozzle diameter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The caliber adjustment mechanism (5) includes an iris assembly (51) coaxially fixed at the bottom outlet of the feeding channel (41). The iris assembly (51) is composed of multiple annularly distributed fan-shaped petals (511), and a radial gap (512) is formed at the splicing point of two adjacent fan-shaped petals (511). A rotating ring (513) is coaxially arranged on the outer circular surface of the iris assembly (51). A rotating slider (514) is fixedly connected to the inner side of each fan-shaped petal (511). The rotating slider (514) is engaged with the positioning hole on the rotating ring (513) through a rotating shaft. An iris driving cylinder (52) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the feeding chamber (14). A sliding block (521) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the iris driving cylinder (52). The sliding block (521) is hinged to the rotating ring (513).

6. A mushroom filling machine with electrically adjustable filling nozzle diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the feeding chamber (11) is provided with a rectangular feeding port (111), and a dust cover (112) that can be opened and closed is fixedly provided at the feeding port (111); the bottom of the conveying chamber (13) is provided with a circular transition port (131) that connects to the unloading chamber (14).

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