A superhard material synthetic compact

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of superhard material synthetic blocks, belong to diamond manufacturing field, including cubic shell, the top and bottom of cubic shell are equipped with plug, the inside of cubic shell is equipped with columnar placement cavity, two the plug is respectively located at the both ends of placement cavity, the inside of placement cavity is placed with charge stick, the plug includes first frustum of cone;By setting multistage plug structure of conical frustum, the axial pressure of top hammer is efficiently converted into extrusion pressure to inside and sealing force to lateral, the transmission efficiency and utilization efficiency of pressure are significantly improved, higher internal pressure of synthesis cavity can be obtained under equivalent press tonnage, by setting arc angle at the junction of first frustum of cone and second frustum of cone, successfully avoid stress concentration phenomenon, greatly enhance the structural integrity and service life of plug under superhigh pressure working condition, improve the security and reliability of synthesis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of diamond manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a superhard material composite block. Background Technology

[0002] Superhard materials, such as synthetic diamond and cubic boron nitride, play an irreplaceable role in machining, mineral exploration, precision instruments, and optics due to their extremely high hardness, thermal conductivity, and chemical stability. A six-sided top press is a key piece of equipment for synthesizing these materials. It applies ultra-high pressure to a cubic synthesis block simultaneously through six top hammers and generates high temperature inside the synthesis block by passing electricity to create the thermodynamic environment required for the crystal growth or composite sintering of superhard materials. The synthesis block usually uses pyrophyllite as the external frame material and is internally assembled with a heating element, a heat insulation layer, a pressure transmission medium, and a reaction chamber. During the synthesis process, how to efficiently and uniformly transmit the pressure applied by the top hammers to the internal reaction chamber and maintain a stable and uniform high temperature field is the core factor determining the synthesis efficiency and product quality. In existing technologies, the plugs at both ends of the synthetic block mostly adopt a flat plate structure. Although this structure is simple, when subjected to ultra-high axial pressure, a large amount of pressure will be dissipated through the friction between the side of the plug and the pyrophyllite cavity wall and its own lateral deformation. As a result, the actual pressure transmitted to the internal pressure transmission medium and the material bar is significantly lower than the theoretical value, resulting in low pressure utilization efficiency. If a higher synthesis pressure is to be achieved, the working tonnage of the six-sided top press must be greatly increased. This not only increases equipment wear and energy consumption, but also brings greater safety risks. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a superhard material composite block to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a superhard material composite block, comprising a cubic shell, with plugs at the top and bottom of the cubic shell, and a columnar placement cavity inside the cubic shell, with the two plugs located at the two ends of the placement cavity, and a material rod placed inside the placement cavity.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, the plug includes a first truncated cone, the inclined surface of which fits into the opening of the placement cavity, and a second truncated cone is provided at the bottom of the first truncated cone.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the cubic shell is made of pyrophyllite, and the junction of the first and second frustums is provided with a rounded corner.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, molybdenum sheets are provided on the opposing surfaces of the two plugs, and carbon heating elements are provided on the opposing surfaces of the two molybdenum sheets. A zirconium oxide insulation layer is provided on the outside of the carbon heating elements.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the carbon heating element is encased in a magnesium oxide sleeve, the magnesium oxide sleeve is further encased in a sodium chloride sleeve, and the feed rod is disposed inside the sodium chloride sleeve.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, both the magnesium oxide sleeve and the sodium chloride sleeve are columnar structures that are thicker at both ends and thinner in the middle.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, spherical protrusions are provided on the contact surfaces of the magnesium oxide sleeve and the sodium chloride sleeve at both ends, and spherical grooves adapted to the spherical protrusions are provided on both ends of the sodium chloride sleeve.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This superhard material composite block, by setting a multi-stage frustum-shaped plug structure, efficiently converts the axial pressure applied by the top hammer into internal compressive force and lateral sealing force, significantly improving the pressure transmission efficiency and utilization efficiency. It can obtain higher internal pressure in the synthesis chamber under the same press tonnage. By setting an arc corner at the junction of the first and second frustums, stress concentration is successfully avoided, greatly enhancing the structural integrity and service life of the plug under ultra-high pressure conditions, and improving the safety and reliability of the synthesis. This superhard material composite block, by setting an interlocking structure with spherical protrusions and spherical grooves between the magnesium oxide sleeve and the sodium chloride sleeve, achieves self-centering and tight fit between the pressure transmission media, effectively eliminates interface sliding and shearing, ensures the uniformity and stability of the pressure field, and provides an ideal hydrostatic environment for the uniform growth / sintering of superhard materials. This superhard material synthesis block, by setting the magnesium oxide sleeve and sodium chloride sleeve into a waist-drum-shaped columnar structure that is thick at both ends and thin in the middle, can better cooperate with the equally optimized heating element, compensate for the axial heat loss of the synthesis cavity, and help to form a more uniform axial temperature field, thereby effectively improving the synthesis quality and consistency of the superhard material. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a front view of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is an internal schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model.

[0013] In the figure: 1. Cube shell; 2. End cap; 201. First truncated cone; 202. Second truncated cone; 203. Rounded corner; 3. Molybdenum sheet; 4. Zirconia insulation layer; 5. Carbon heating element; 6. Magnesium oxide sleeve; 601. Spherical protrusion; 7. Sodium chloride sleeve; 701. Spherical groove. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0015] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The conditions in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to specific conditions, and simple improvements to the method of the present invention under the premise of the concept of the present invention are all within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0016] Please see Figures 1-4 This utility model provides a superhard material composite block, including a cubic shell 1, with plugs 2 at the top and bottom of the cubic shell 1, and a columnar placement cavity inside the cubic shell 1. The two plugs 2 are located at the two ends of the placement cavity, and a material rod is placed inside the placement cavity. The plug 2 includes a first truncated cone 201, the inclined surface of the first truncated cone 201 is fitted with the opening of the placement cavity, and a second truncated cone 202 is provided at the bottom of the first truncated cone 201. The material of the cubic shell 1 is pyrophyllite, and an arc corner 203 is provided at the junction of the first truncated cone 201 and the second truncated cone 202. The plug 2 adopts a multi-stage frustum design, including a first frustum 201 and a second frustum 202. The inclined surface of the first frustum 201 fits tightly with the opening of the placement cavity, thereby generating a strong radial component force under axial pressure, actively pressing and strengthening the sealing edge of the pyrophyllite sidewall. The second frustum 202 is located at the bottom of the first frustum 201 and is used to further guide and amplify the pressure. To ensure the reliability of the structure under ultra-high pressure, a smooth arc corner 203 is machined at the junction of the first frustum 201 and the second frustum 202 to effectively eliminate stress concentration and prevent the plug 2 from cracking.

[0017] Please see Figures 1-4 Molybdenum sheets 3 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the two plugs 2. Carbon heating elements 5 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the two molybdenum sheets 3. Zirconia insulation layer 4 is provided on the outside of the carbon heating elements 5. Magnesium oxide sleeve 6 is wrapped inside the carbon heating elements 5. Sodium chloride sleeve 7 is provided inside the magnesium oxide sleeve 6. The material rod is placed inside the sodium chloride sleeve 7. Both the magnesium oxide sleeve 6 and the sodium chloride sleeve 7 are columnar structures that are thick at both ends and thin in the middle. Spherical protrusions 601 are provided on the contact surfaces of the magnesium oxide sleeve 6 and the sodium chloride sleeve 7 at both ends. Spherical grooves 701 that are adapted to the spherical protrusions 601 are provided on both ends of the sodium chloride sleeve 7. The carbon heating element 5 is wrapped with a magnesium oxide sleeve 6, and the magnesium oxide sleeve 6 is further enclosed in a sodium chloride sleeve 7. Together, they serve as a solid pressure transmission medium to uniformly transmit external pressure to the center. The material rod is finally placed in the internal cavity of the sodium chloride sleeve 7. To further optimize performance, both the magnesium oxide sleeve 6 and the sodium chloride sleeve 7 are designed as waist-drum-shaped columnar structures that are thick at both ends and thin in the middle. This shape can compensate for the axial heat loss of the synthesis chamber and help to form a more uniform axial temperature field in the area where the bar is located. In addition, spherical protrusions 601 are machined on the contact surfaces of the magnesium oxide sleeve 6 and the sodium chloride sleeve 7 at both ends. Correspondingly, spherical grooves 701 that perfectly match the spherical protrusions 601 are machined on both ends of the sodium chloride sleeve 7. This interlocking structure of spherical protrusions 601 and spherical grooves 701 can achieve automatic centering during assembly and provide excellent interface bonding under high pressure, effectively preventing interface slippage and pressure shearing, and ensuring that pressure is applied to the central bar in an ideal hydrostatic pressure state. After assembly, the entire synthetic block is placed in the center of a six-sided press. The six top hammers simultaneously apply ultra-high pressure to the six faces of the cubic shell 1. The pressure is efficiently amplified and guided into the interior through the multi-stage conical structure of the plug 2, while strengthening the lateral seal. The magnesium oxide sleeve 6 and sodium chloride sleeve 7 undergo plastic flow under pressure. Through their waist-drum-shaped structure and spherical interlocking interface, a uniform ultra-high pressure environment is transmitted to the central material bar. At the same time, the carbon sheet heating element 5 is energized through the molybdenum sheet 3 to generate high temperature. The heating of the carbon sheet heating element 5, combined with the heat preservation of the zirconium oxide insulation layer 4 and the waist-drum-shaped structure of the magnesium oxide sleeve 6 and sodium chloride sleeve 7, together create a high-temperature, high-pressure and highly uniform synthesis environment around the material bar, thereby efficiently and stably synthesizing high-quality superhard materials. By setting up multi-stage frustum-shaped plugs (first frustum 201 and second frustum 202), the axial pressure applied by the top hammer is efficiently converted into internal extrusion pressure and sealing force against the lateral pyrophyllite wall, which significantly improves the pressure transmission efficiency and utilization efficiency, and fundamentally enhances the reliability of the sealing edge. Under the same press tonnage, higher and more stable internal pressure in the synthesis chamber can be obtained. This superhard material composite block, by setting an interlocking structure with spherical protrusions 601 and spherical grooves 701 between the magnesium oxide sleeve 6 and the sodium chloride sleeve 7, achieves self-centering and tight fit between the pressure transmission media, effectively eliminates interface sliding and shearing, ensures the uniformity and stability of the pressure field, and provides an ideal hydrostatic environment for the uniform growth / sintering of superhard materials.

[0018] The working principle and usage process of this utility model are as follows: First, the plug 2 adopts a multi-stage truncated cone design, including a first truncated cone 201 and a second truncated cone 202. The inclined surface of the first truncated cone 201 fits tightly with the opening of the placement cavity, thereby generating a strong radial component force under axial pressure, actively pressing and strengthening the sealing edge of the pyrophyllite sidewall. The second truncated cone 202 is located at the bottom of the first truncated cone 201 and is used to further guide and amplify the pressure. To ensure the reliability of the structure under ultra-high pressure, a smooth arc corner 203 is processed at the junction of the first truncated cone 201 and the second truncated cone 202 to effectively eliminate stress concentration and prevent the plug 2 from cracking. The carbon heating element 5 is wrapped with a magnesium oxide sleeve 6. The magnesium oxide sleeve 6 is further encased in a sodium chloride sleeve 7. The two together serve as a solid pressure transmission medium to uniformly transmit external pressure to the center. The material rod is finally placed in the internal cavity of the sodium chloride sleeve 7. To further optimize performance, both the magnesium oxide sleeve 6 and the sodium chloride sleeve 7 are designed as waist-drum-shaped columnar structures that are thick at both ends and thin in the middle. This shape can compensate for the axial heat loss of the synthesis chamber and help to form a more uniform axial temperature field in the area where the bar is located. In addition, spherical protrusions 601 are machined on the contact surfaces of the magnesium oxide sleeve 6 and the sodium chloride sleeve 7 at both ends. Correspondingly, spherical grooves 701 that perfectly match the spherical protrusions 601 are machined on both ends of the sodium chloride sleeve 7. This interlocking structure of spherical protrusions 601 and spherical grooves 701 can achieve automatic centering during assembly and provide excellent interface bonding under high pressure, effectively preventing interface slippage and pressure shearing, and ensuring that pressure is applied to the central bar in an ideal hydrostatic pressure state. After assembly, the entire synthetic block is placed in the center of a six-sided press. The six top hammers simultaneously apply ultra-high pressure to the six faces of the cubic shell 1. The pressure is efficiently amplified and guided into the interior through the multi-stage conical structure of the plug 2, while also strengthening the lateral seal. The magnesium oxide sleeve 6 and sodium chloride sleeve 7 undergo plastic flow under pressure. Through their waist-drum-shaped structure and spherical interlocking interface, a uniform ultra-high pressure environment is transmitted to the central material bar. At the same time, the carbon sheet heating element 5 is energized through the molybdenum sheet 3 to generate high temperature. The heating of the carbon sheet heating element 5, combined with the insulation of the zirconium oxide insulation layer 4 and the waist-drum-shaped structure of the magnesium oxide sleeve 6 and sodium chloride sleeve 7, together create a high-temperature, high-pressure and highly uniform synthesis environment around the material bar, thereby efficiently and stably synthesizing high-quality superhard materials.

[0019] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A superhard material composite block, comprising a cubic shell (1), characterized in that: The cube shell (1) is provided with plugs (2) at the top and bottom. The interior of the cube shell (1) is provided with a columnar placement cavity. The two plugs (2) are located at the two ends of the placement cavity respectively. The placement cavity contains a material rod.

2. The superhard material composite block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plug (2) includes a first cone (201), the inclined surface of the first cone (201) is fitted with the opening of the placement cavity, and a second cone (202) is provided at the bottom of the first cone (201).

3. The superhard material composite block according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cubic shell (1) is made of pyrophyllite, and the junction of the first frustum (201) and the second frustum (202) is provided with a rounded corner (203).

4. The superhard material composite block according to claim 1, characterized in that: Molybdenum sheets (3) are provided on the opposite surfaces of the two plugs (2), carbon heating elements (5) are provided on the opposite surfaces of the two molybdenum sheets (3), and a zirconium oxide insulation layer (4) is provided on the outside of the carbon heating elements (5).

5. A superhard material composite block according to claim 4, characterized in that: The carbon heating element (5) is wrapped with a magnesium oxide sleeve (6), and a sodium chloride sleeve (7) is provided inside the magnesium oxide sleeve (6). The material rod is placed inside the sodium chloride sleeve (7).

6. The superhard material composite block according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both the magnesium oxide sleeve (6) and the sodium chloride sleeve (7) are columnar structures that are thick at both ends and thin in the middle.

7. A superhard material composite block according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the magnesium oxide sleeve (6) and the contact surfaces of the sodium chloride sleeve (7) are provided with spherical protrusions (601), and both ends of the sodium chloride sleeve (7) are provided with spherical grooves (701) that are adapted to the spherical protrusions (601).

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