Multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520140388.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-21
AI Technical Summary
[0004]本实用新型的目的是提供一种有机肥生产用多级粉碎装置，用于解决现有装置经过多级粉碎后，有机肥中的细颗粒直接混入，导致存储运输时易结块，降低养分和肥效，影响品质的问题
本实用新型在有机肥的多级粉碎处理流程中，通过箱体、第三出料口、第一出料口、第二出料口、筛网传送带、返回传送带、筛分箱、倾斜粗筛网、多级筛分机构以及循环输送机构的协同作业，实现了对多级粉碎后有机肥颗粒的精细筛分，能够分离出那些过粗或过于细碎的颗粒，随后将它们重新融入粉碎前的原料之中，与新加入的原料一并再次经历粉碎工序，在此过程中，那些原本过细的颗粒会与其他原料产生相互作用，这种相互作用不仅有助于抑制细颗粒的再次产生，还确保了整个粉碎过程的均匀性和高效性；该装置实现了对多级筛分后不合格有机肥颗粒（即粗大及过于细碎的颗粒）的回收处理，这些颗粒会被自动返回至初始原料中，与新加入的原料混合后再次进行粉碎处理，提升了有机肥颗粒的均匀性，预防了粉碎后的有机肥颗粒在后续存储和运输过程中可能出现的结块问题，从而提升了有机肥的养分含量和肥效，为有机肥的品质及使用效果带来了便利。
Smart Images
Figure CN224793640U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of organic fertilizer production technology, specifically a multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production. Background Technology
[0002] Organic fertilizer primarily originates from plants and / or animals, and its main function, when applied to the soil, is to provide nutrients to plants. It is derived from biological matter, animal and plant waste, and plant residues, eliminating toxic and harmful substances and enriching it with numerous beneficial substances, including various organic acids, peptides, and abundant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It not only provides comprehensive nutrition for crops but also has a long-lasting effect, increasing and renewing soil organic matter, promoting microbial reproduction, and improving the soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties. It is a key nutrient source for green food production. The production of organic fertilizer requires the use of a crusher to pulverize the raw materials.
[0003] Existing multi-stage crushing equipment for organic fertilizer production struggles to ensure the uniformity of organic fertilizer particles during the multi-stage crushing process. This results in some particles being too coarse, while others are too fine. The current solution is to re-feed the overly coarse particles into the crushing process. However, the overly fine particles are mixed directly with the crushed particles without any treatment. This can easily lead to clumping during subsequent storage and transportation, thereby reducing the nutrient content and fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer and negatively impacting its quality and effectiveness. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production, which solves the problem that fine particles from organic fertilizer are directly mixed in after multi-stage crushing in existing devices, causing easy clumping during storage and transportation, reducing nutrients and fertilizer efficiency, and affecting quality.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production, comprising a housing, a multi-stage crushing mechanism disposed inside the housing, a first discharge port and a third discharge port disposed on one side of the housing and arranged sequentially from top to bottom at intervals, a second discharge port disposed on the other side of the housing, a circulating conveying mechanism disposed on one side of the housing and corresponding to the first and third discharge ports, a screening box disposed on the other side of the housing and corresponding to the second discharge port, a discharge pipe disposed at one end of the lower side of the screening box, and a discharge pipe disposed inside the housing. The inclined coarse screen located below the multi-stage crushing mechanism, the screen conveyor belt and the return conveyor belt arranged alternately from top to bottom inside the box, and one end of each of the screen conveyor belt and the return conveyor belt extends through the second discharge port into the interior of the circulating conveying mechanism. One end of the return conveyor belt is located below the screen conveyor belt. The other end of the return conveyor belt and one end of the inclined coarse screen pass through the third discharge port and the first discharge port respectively and extend into the interior of the return hopper. The discharge end of the circulating conveying mechanism is connected to the top of one side of the box.
[0006] Furthermore, the circulating conveying mechanism includes a return hopper located on one side of the housing and corresponding to the first and third discharge ports, a return pipe connected to the lower end of the return hopper, a conveying shell connected to one end of the return pipe and connected to one side of the return hopper, a first motor located at the lower end of the conveying shell, a spiral conveying shaft connected to the output end of the first motor, and a discharge pipe connected to the top of one side of the conveying shell. One end of the discharge pipe is connected to the top of one side of the housing, one end of the spiral conveying shaft is rotatably connected to the upper interior of the conveying shell, and the other end of the return conveyor belt and one end of the inclined coarse screen both extend into the interior of the return hopper.
[0007] Furthermore, a support plate is provided on the lower side of the box and the screening box, and support legs are provided at the four corners of the lower side of the support plate. The lower ends of the conveying shell and the return hopper both penetrate through and extend to the bottom of the support plate.
[0008] Furthermore, the multi-stage screening mechanism includes a guide hopper on the inner wall of the box, a primary crushing mechanism located on the upper side of the box and inside the guide hopper, and a secondary crushing mechanism located inside the box and corresponding to the lower part of the guide hopper. The feed port of the discharge pipe is located above the guide hopper.
[0009] Furthermore, the upper side of the box is connected to a feeding hopper; the primary crushing mechanism includes a second motor located on the upper side of the box, a first rotating shaft connected to the output end of the second motor, and multiple sets of crushing blades arranged longitudinally on the first rotating shaft, all of which are located inside the feed hopper.
[0010] Furthermore, the secondary crushing mechanism includes two second rotating shafts rotatably connected to the housing and spaced apart, crushing rollers mounted on the second rotating shafts and located inside the housing, gears mounted on the second rotating shafts and located on one side of the housing, an L-shaped bracket located on one side of the housing, and a third motor located on one side of the L-shaped bracket. The output end of the third motor is connected to one end of one of the second rotating shafts, the two gears are meshed, one gear is located inside the L-shaped bracket, and the two crushing rollers are located between the guide hopper and the inclined coarse screen.
[0011] Furthermore, a vibration motor is provided on the lower side of the inclined coarse screen.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention, in the multi-stage crushing process of organic fertilizer, achieves fine screening of the crushed organic fertilizer particles through the coordinated operation of a box, a third discharge port, a first discharge port, a second discharge port, a screen conveyor belt, a return conveyor belt, a screening box, an inclined coarse screen, a multi-stage screening mechanism, and a circulating conveyor mechanism. It can separate excessively coarse or overly fine particles, which are then reintegrated into the raw materials before crushing and undergo another crushing process together with the newly added materials. During this process, the originally overly fine particles interact with other raw materials. This device not only helps to suppress the regeneration of fine particles but also ensures the uniformity and efficiency of the entire crushing process. It enables the recycling of substandard organic fertilizer particles (i.e., large and excessively fine particles) after multi-stage screening. These particles are automatically returned to the initial raw materials, mixed with newly added materials, and then crushed again. This improves the uniformity of the organic fertilizer particles and prevents clumping problems that may occur during subsequent storage and transportation, thereby increasing the nutrient content and fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer and bringing convenience to the quality and effectiveness of organic fertilizer. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production according to this utility model. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the secondary crushing mechanism of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a system control block diagram of the multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production according to this utility model.
[0014] In the diagram: 1. Box body; 2. First discharge port; 3. Second discharge port; 4. Feed hopper; 5. Third discharge port; 6. Inclined coarse screen; 7. Vibrating motor; 8. Return hopper; 9. Return pipe; 10. Support plate; 11. Support leg; 12. Conveyor shell; 13. First motor; 14. Screw conveyor shaft; 15. Discharge pipe; 16. Guide hopper; 17. Screening box; 18. Discharge pipe; 19. Screen conveyor belt; 20. Return conveyor belt; 21. Second motor; 22. First rotating shaft; 23. Crushing blade; 24. L-shaped bracket; 25. Third motor; 26. Gear; 27. Second rotating shaft; 28. Crushing roller. Detailed Implementation
[0015] Please see Figure 1-3A multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production includes a housing 1, a multi-stage crushing mechanism disposed inside the housing 1, a first discharge port 2 and a third discharge port 5 disposed on one side of the housing 1 and arranged alternately from top to bottom, a second discharge port 3 disposed on the other side of the housing 1, a circulating conveying mechanism disposed on one side of the housing 1 and corresponding to the first discharge port 2 and the third discharge port 5, a screening box 17 connected to the other side of the housing 1 and corresponding to the second discharge port 3, a discharge pipe 18 connected to one lower end of the screening box 17, an inclined coarse screen 6 installed inside the housing 1 and located below the multi-stage crushing mechanism, a screen conveyor belt 19 disposed inside the housing 1 and arranged alternately from top to bottom, and a return conveyor belt 20. Both the return conveyor belt 20 and one end of the return conveyor belt 20 extend through the second discharge port 3 into the interior of the circulating conveyor mechanism. One end of the return conveyor belt 20 is located below the screen conveyor belt 19. The other end of the return conveyor belt 20 and one end of the inclined coarse screen 6 extend through the third discharge port 5 and the first discharge port 2, respectively, into the interior of the return hopper 8. The discharge end of the circulating conveyor mechanism is connected to the top of one side of the box 1. In the multi-stage crushing process of organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer to be processed is first added into the box 1, and then subjected to multi-stage crushing by the multi-stage crushing mechanism. After crushing, the organic fertilizer is initially screened by the inclined coarse screen 6, in which larger particles of organic fertilizer are screened out and introduced into the circulating conveyor through the first discharge port 2. The organic fertilizer is further crushed, while the remaining fine organic fertilizer continues to fall onto the screen conveyor belt 19. If the organic fertilizer layer on the screen conveyor belt 19 becomes too thick, its thickness will be adjusted according to the gap between the third discharge port 5 and the screen conveyor belt 19 as the screen conveyor belt 19 continues to move, ensuring that the organic fertilizer is effectively screened. During the process of conveying organic fertilizer from the screen conveyor belt 19 into the screening box 17, excessively fine organic fertilizer particles will fall through the screen to the return conveyor belt 20 below. The return conveyor belt 20, which runs in the opposite direction to the screen conveyor belt 19, sends these excessively fine particles back to the circulating conveyor mechanism through the second discharge port 3 for further processing. The organic fertilizer particles that meet the standards after screening are then processed. The coarse and overly fine organic fertilizer particles discharged through discharge pipe 18 and sent to the circulating conveyor mechanism will be remixed with the raw materials before crushing and undergo the crushing process again with the newly added raw materials. During this process, the overly fine particles will interact with other raw materials, which helps to reduce the regeneration of fine particles and ensures the uniformity of the entire crushing process. This device allows the unqualified parts (coarse and overly fine) in the organic fertilizer particles after multi-stage screening to be returned to the initial raw materials, mixed with the new materials and crushed again. This prevents the caking problem that may occur in the crushed organic fertilizer particles during subsequent storage and transportation, thereby improving the nutrient content and fertilizer efficiency of organic fertilizer and bringing convenience to the quality and use effect of organic fertilizer.
[0016] The circulating conveying mechanism includes a return hopper 8 connected to one side of the housing 1 and corresponding to the first discharge port 2 and the third discharge port 5; a return pipe 9 connected to the lower end of the return hopper 8; a conveying shell 12 connected to one end of the return pipe 9 and connected to one side of the return hopper 8; a first motor 13 installed at the lower end of the conveying shell 12; a spiral conveying shaft 14 connected to the output end of the first motor 13; and a discharge pipe 15 connected to the top of one side of the conveying shell 12. One end of the discharge pipe 15 is connected to the top of one side of the housing 1. One end of the spiral conveying shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the upper interior of the conveying shell 12. The other end of the return conveyor belt 20 and one end of the inclined coarse screen 6 both extend to... Inside the return hopper 8, coarse organic fertilizer particles, after being screened by the inclined coarse screen 6, enter the return hopper 8 through the first discharge port 2. At the same time, overly fine organic fertilizer particles on the return conveyor belt 20 are also sent into the return hopper 8 through the third discharge port 5. Inside the return hopper 8, these organic fertilizer particles that require secondary processing are guided into the conveyor shell 12 through the discharge pipe 15. At this time, after the first motor 13 is started, the rotation of the screw conveyor shaft 14 transports these particles upward along the conveyor shell 12 and finally into the box 1 through the discharge pipe 15 so that the organic fertilizer particles that require secondary processing can undergo further crushing.
[0017] A support plate 10 is connected to the lower side of the box body 1 and the screening box 17. Support legs 11 are connected to the four corners of the lower side of the support plate 10. The lower ends of the conveying shell 12 and the return bin 8 are both connected through and extend to the lower part of the support plate 10. The support plate 10 and the four support legs 11 provide support and fixation for the box body 1, the screening box 17, the conveying shell 12 and the return bin 8.
[0018] The multi-stage screening mechanism includes a guide hopper 16 on the inner wall of the box 1, a primary crushing mechanism located on the upper side of the box 1 and inside the guide hopper 16, and a secondary crushing mechanism located inside the box 1 and below the guide hopper 16. The feed port of the discharge pipe 15 is located above the guide hopper 16. After the organic fertilizer to be crushed is added into the box 1, it is subjected to primary crushing by the primary crushing mechanism. Then, it is guided by the guide hopper 16 to the secondary crushing mechanism for secondary crushing, thus realizing multi-stage crushing treatment of the organic fertilizer.
[0019] The upper side of the housing 1 is connected to the feeding hopper 4; the primary crushing mechanism includes a second motor 21 installed on the upper side of the housing 1, a first rotating shaft 22 connected to the output end of the second motor 21, and multiple sets of crushing blades 23 connected to the first rotating shaft 22 and arranged longitudinally at intervals. The multiple sets of crushing blades 23 are all located inside the feed hopper 16; the organic fertilizer to be crushed is put into the housing 1 through the feeding hopper 4, and then the second motor 21 is started to drive the first rotating shaft 22 to start rotating. As the first rotating shaft 22 rotates, the multiple sets of crushing blades 23 installed on it rotate accordingly to perform primary crushing treatment on the added organic fertilizer.
[0020] The secondary crushing mechanism includes two second rotating shafts 27 rotatably connected within the housing 1 and spaced apart; crushing rollers 28 connected to the second rotating shafts 27 and located within the housing 1; gears 26 connected to the second rotating shafts 27 and located on one side of the housing 1; an L-shaped bracket 24 welded to one side of the housing 1; and a third motor 25 mounted on one side of the L-shaped bracket 24. The output end of the third motor 25 is connected to one end of one of the second rotating shafts 27. The two gears 26 are meshed together, with one gear 26 located inside the L-shaped bracket 24. The two crushing rollers 28 are located between the guide hopper 16 and the inclined plate. Between the inclined coarse screen 6; during the operation of the secondary crushing mechanism, the third motor 25 is first started, and the third motor 25 drives a second rotating shaft 27 connected to it to rotate. The gears 26 mounted on the second rotating shaft 27 transmit the rotational power to the corresponding gears 26 on the other second rotating shaft 27 through their meshing connection, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the two second rotating shafts 27. The two rotating second rotating shafts 27 respectively drive the two crushing rollers 28 to rotate in opposite directions, ensuring that the organic fertilizer that has been crushed in the primary stage can be further crushed in the secondary stage.
[0021] A vibration motor 7 is installed on the lower side of the inclined coarse screen 6; by starting the vibration motor 7, the inclined coarse screen 6 vibrates and screens the crushed organic fertilizer, thereby improving the screening efficiency.
[0022] A controller is provided on one side of the housing 1, which is electrically connected to the vibration motor 7, the first motor 13, the second motor 21, the third motor 25, the screen conveyor belt 19, and the return conveyor belt 20.
[0023] Working principle: In the multi-stage crushing process of organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer to be processed is first added into the box 1. Then, the controller starts the second motor 21, the third motor 25, the screen conveyor belt 19, the return conveyor belt 20, and the vibrating motor 7. The second motor 21 drives the first rotating shaft 22 to start rotating. As the first rotating shaft 22 rotates, the multiple sets of crushing blades 23 installed on it rotate accordingly, performing primary crushing treatment on the added organic fertilizer. After crushing, it is guided down through the guide hopper 16 to between two crushing rollers 28. The third motor 25 drives a second rotating shaft 27 connected to it to rotate. The gears 26 mounted on the second rotating shaft 27 transmit the rotational power to the other second rotating shaft 27 through meshing. The corresponding gear 26 on shaft 27 enables the synchronous rotation of the two second rotating shafts 27. These two rotating second rotating shafts 27 drive the two crushing rollers 28 to rotate in opposite directions. The two crushing rollers 28 further crush the primary crushed organic fertilizer. The vibrating motor 7 causes the inclined coarse screen 6 to vibrate and screen the crushed organic fertilizer. The larger organic fertilizer particles are screened out and enter the return hopper 8 through the first discharge port 2 for further crushing. The remaining fine organic fertilizer continues to fall onto the screen conveyor belt 19. If the organic fertilizer layer accumulates too thickly on the screen conveyor belt 19, as the screen conveyor belt 19 continues to move, the organic fertilizer layer will be separated according to the distance between the third discharge port 5 and the screen conveyor belt 19. The thickness of the gap is adjusted to ensure effective screening of organic fertilizer. During the process of conveying organic fertilizer from the screen conveyor belt 19 into the screening box 17, excessively fine organic fertilizer particles will fall through the screen to the return conveyor belt 20 below. The return conveyor belt 20, which runs in the opposite direction to the screen conveyor belt 19, sends these excessively fine particles back to the return hopper 8 through the second discharge port 3 for further processing. Organic fertilizer particles that meet the standards after screening are discharged through the discharge pipe 18 and sent to the circulating conveyor mechanism. The first motor 13 is started by the controller. These organic fertilizer particles that need secondary processing are introduced into the conveyor shell 12 through the discharge pipe 15. At this time, the rotation of the screw conveyor shaft 14 is... The particles are conveyed upwards along the conveyor shell 12 and finally fed into the box 1 through the discharge pipe 15. They are then mixed with the raw materials before crushing and undergo a crushing process again with the newly added raw materials. During this process, the excessively fine particles interact with other raw materials, which helps to reduce the regeneration of fine particles and ensures the uniformity of the entire crushing process. This device allows the unqualified parts (coarse and overly fine) in the organic fertilizer particles after multi-stage screening to be returned to the initial raw materials, mixed with the new materials, and crushed again. This prevents the caking problem that may occur in the crushed organic fertilizer particles during subsequent storage and transportation, thereby improving the nutrient content and fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer and bringing convenience to the quality and use effect of organic fertilizer.
[0024] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production, comprising a housing (1) and a multi-stage crushing mechanism disposed inside the housing (1), characterized in that, It also includes a first discharge port (2) and a third discharge port (5) arranged on one side of the box (1) and spaced apart from top to bottom; a second discharge port (3) arranged on the other side of the box (1); a circulating conveying mechanism arranged on one side of the box (1) and corresponding to the first discharge port (2) and the third discharge port (5); a screening box (17) arranged on the other side of the box (1) and corresponding to the second discharge port (3); a discharge pipe (18) arranged at one end of the lower side of the screening box (17); an inclined coarse screen (6) arranged inside the box (1) and located below the multi-stage crushing mechanism; and a discharge pipe (18) arranged inside the box (1) and spaced apart from top to bottom. The screen conveyor belt (19) and return conveyor belt (20) are arranged alternately and sequentially. One end of the screen conveyor belt (19) and the return conveyor belt (20) both extend through the second discharge port (3) into the interior of the circulating conveyor mechanism. One end of the return conveyor belt (20) is located below the screen conveyor belt (19). The other end of the return conveyor belt (20) and one end of the inclined coarse screen (6) respectively pass through the third discharge port (5) and the first discharge port (2) and extend into the interior of the return hopper (8). The discharge end of the circulating conveyor mechanism is connected to the top of one side of the box body (1).
2. The multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating conveying mechanism includes a return hopper (8) located on one side of the housing (1) and corresponding to the first discharge port (2) and the third discharge port (5), a return pipe (9) connected to the lower end of the return hopper (8), a conveying shell (12) connected to one end of the return pipe (9) and connected to one side of the return hopper (8), a first motor (13) located at the lower end of the conveying shell (12), a spiral conveying shaft (14) connected to the output end of the first motor (13), and a discharge pipe (15) connected to the top of one side of the conveying shell (12). One end of the discharge pipe (15) is connected to the top of one side of the housing (1), and one end of the spiral conveying shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the upper inside of the conveying shell (12). The other end of the return conveyor belt (20) and one end of the inclined coarse screen (6) both extend into the interior of the return hopper (8).
3. The multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lower side of the box (1) and the screening box (17) is provided with a support plate (10), and the four corners of the lower side of the support plate (10) are respectively provided with support legs (11). The lower ends of the conveying shell (12) and the return bin (8) both penetrate and extend to the bottom of the support plate (10).
4. The multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-stage crushing mechanism includes a guide hopper (16) on the inner wall of the box (1), a primary crushing mechanism located on the upper side of the box (1) and inside the guide hopper (16), and a secondary crushing mechanism located inside the box (1) and below the guide hopper (16). The feed port of the discharge pipe (15) is located above the guide hopper (16).
5. The multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The upper side of the box (1) is connected to the feeding hopper (4); the primary crushing mechanism includes a second motor (21) on the upper side of the box (1), a first rotating shaft (22) connected to the output end of the second motor (21), and multiple sets of crushing blades (23) arranged longitudinally on the first rotating shaft (22). The multiple sets of crushing blades (23) are all located inside the guide hopper (16).
6. The multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The secondary crushing mechanism includes two second rotating shafts (27) rotatably connected inside the housing (1) and spaced apart, crushing rollers (28) mounted on the second rotating shafts (27) and located inside the housing (1), gears (26) mounted on the second rotating shafts (27) and located on one side of the housing (1), an L-shaped bracket (24) mounted on one side of the housing (1), and a third motor (25) mounted on one side of the L-shaped bracket (24). The output end of the third motor (25) is connected to one end of one of the second rotating shafts (27), the two gears (26) are meshed, one gear (26) is located inside the L-shaped bracket (24), and the two crushing rollers (28) are located between the feed hopper (16) and the inclined coarse screen (6).
7. The multi-stage crushing device for organic fertilizer production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A vibration motor (7) is provided on the lower side of the inclined coarse screen (6).