Crushing and sorting equipment for recovering rare earths from neodymium iron boron waste
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522652865.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-15
AI Technical Summary
[0004]本实用新型的目的在于提供从钕铁硼废料中回收稀土的破碎分选设备，通过设置调节部，解决了现有的稀土回收装置不便于对回收装置的下料板角度进行调整，导致下料速度难以控制，这不仅易引发物料堆积、输送不均等生产异常，还会造成回收效率降低、资源浪费等不良后果，严重影响装置的整体运行稳定性与回收效果的问题
1、通过设置调节部，使用过程中如需调整下料板的下料角度，可启动电动推杆，电动推杆推动滑动框，使其以两个滑杆为导向沿导向方向前后移动，由于滑动框与连接杆铰接，且连接杆另一端与下料板底部的U型框铰接，因此，滑动框移动时，可通过连接杆与U型框的传动作用，使得下料板以两个支撑杆为支点完成角度调节，该设置可灵活调整下料速度与物料导向角度，适配不同破碎粒度物料的输送需求，保障分离回收过程的稳定高效；
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Figure CN224793699U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of crushing and sorting equipment, and in particular relates to crushing and sorting equipment for recovering rare earth elements from neodymium iron boron waste. Background Technology
[0002] The crushing and sorting equipment for recovering rare earths from NdFeB waste is an automated industrial equipment specifically designed for NdFeB magnet production waste, used magnets, and other materials. Its core function is to achieve efficient separation and enrichment of rare earth elements from other components through an integrated "crushing-grinding-sorting" process: First, large pieces of waste are crushed to a preset particle size using jaw crushers, cone crushers, and other units. Then, they are refined to micron-level powder using ball mills and other equipment. Subsequently, combined with technologies such as magnetic separation, gravity separation, flotation, or air separation, rare earth enrichments are separated in stages based on the differences between rare earths and impurities such as iron and boron in terms of magnetic properties, density, and surface characteristics. This provides high-purity raw materials for subsequent chemical extraction processes, ultimately achieving the recycling and efficient utilization of rare earth resources.
[0003] However, existing rare earth recycling devices are not easy to adjust the angle of the feeding plate during use, which makes it difficult to control the feeding speed. This not only easily leads to production abnormalities such as material accumulation and uneven conveying, but also causes adverse consequences such as reduced recycling efficiency and waste of resources, seriously affecting the overall operational stability and recycling effect of the device. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a crushing and sorting device for recovering rare earths from NdFeB waste. By setting up an adjustment unit, the problem of existing rare earth recovery devices being unable to adjust the angle of the feeding plate, resulting in difficulty in controlling the feeding speed, is solved. This not only easily leads to production abnormalities such as material accumulation and uneven conveying, but also causes adverse consequences such as reduced recovery efficiency and waste of resources, seriously affecting the overall operational stability and recovery effect of the device.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: This utility model relates to a crushing and sorting device for recovering rare earth elements from NdFeB waste. It includes a rectangular frame and a crusher mounted on top of the rectangular frame. It also includes: an adjustment section mounted on the rectangular frame; a screening section mounted on the rectangular frame; the adjustment section includes an adjustment assembly mounted on top of the rectangular frame; and a drive assembly mounted on the rectangular frame. The adjustment assembly includes two support rods fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular frame. A feed plate is rotatably connected to one side of the two support rods that are close to each other. A U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed plate. A connecting rod is hinged to the U-shaped frame, and a sliding frame is hinged to the end of the connecting rod away from the U-shaped frame. The U-shaped frame, connecting rod, and sliding frame are all located on the side away from the support rods.
[0006] Furthermore, the screening section includes a screening assembly mounted on top of a rectangular frame and a collection assembly disposed at the bottom of the screening assembly.
[0007] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes two slide rods fixedly connected to the rectangular frame. Both slide rods pass through the sliding frame and are slidably connected to the sliding frame. A driving component is provided on the back of the rectangular frame. The driving component includes an electric push rod fixedly connected to the back of the rectangular frame. The output end of the electric push rod extends into the rectangular frame. The output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding frame and slidably connected to the rectangular frame.
[0008] Furthermore, the screening assembly includes a motor fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular frame. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft via a coupling. The rotating shaft passes through the rectangular frame and is rotatably connected to the rectangular frame. A semi-magnetic roller is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The semi-magnetic roller is located at the bottom of the discharge port of the feeding plate.
[0009] Furthermore, the collection assembly includes a collection box fixedly connected to the bottom of a rectangular frame. The top of the collection box has a non-metallic impurity compartment and a rare earth compartment. The collection box is provided with a pull-out component. The non-metallic impurity compartment and the rare earth compartment are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the semi-magnetic roller. The pull-out component includes a groove on the front of the collection box. A pull plate is slidably connected in the groove. The pull plate is located on the left side of the collection box.
[0010] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting an adjustment section, if it is necessary to adjust the feeding angle of the feeding plate during use, the electric push rod can be activated. The electric push rod pushes the sliding frame, which moves back and forth along the guide direction with the two sliding rods as guides. Since the sliding frame is hinged to the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the U-shaped frame at the bottom of the feeding plate, when the sliding frame moves, the feeding plate can complete the angle adjustment with the two support rods as fulcrums through the transmission action of the connecting rod and the U-shaped frame. This setting can flexibly adjust the feeding speed and the material guiding angle to adapt to the conveying needs of materials with different crushed particle sizes and ensure the stability and efficiency of the separation and recycling process. 2. By setting up a screening section, when in use, NdFeB waste is fed into the crusher. After crushing, the material is guided to the semi-magnetic drum by the feed plate. When the material passes through the semi-magnetic drum, the ferromagnetic material is adsorbed on the surface of the drum, while the non-metallic impurities fall directly into the non-metallic impurity bin for collection. Then, the motor can be started, which will drive the semi-magnetic drum to rotate through the rotating shaft, so that the ferromagnetic material adsorbed on the surface of the drum rotates to the non-magnetic zone and detaches from the drum under the combined action of gravity and centrifugal force, falling into the rare earth bin. This device can achieve efficient separation and recovery of rare earth components and non-metallic impurities in NdFeB waste.
[0011] Of course, any product implementing this utility model does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description
[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the adjustment part of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the screening section of this utility model; Figure 4 This utility model Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of A in the middle; Figure 5 This utility model Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of B in the diagram.
[0014] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 111. Rectangular frame; 112. Crusher; 2. Adjustment unit; 21. Adjustment component; 211. Support rod; 212. Feed plate; 213. U-shaped frame; 214. Connecting rod; 215. Sliding frame; 22. Drive component; 221. Slide rod; 222. Electric push rod; 3. Screening unit; 31. Screening component; 311. Motor; 312. Rotating shaft; 313. Semi-magnetic drum; 32. Collection component; 321. Collection box; 322. Non-metallic impurity bin; 323. Rare earth bin; 324. Slide chute; 325. Draw plate. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0016] Please see Figure 1-5As shown, this utility model is a crushing and sorting device for recovering rare earth from NdFeB waste, including a rectangular frame 111 and a crusher 112 disposed on the top of the rectangular frame 111, and also includes: an adjustment part 2 disposed on the rectangular frame 111; and a screening part 3 disposed on the rectangular frame 111.
[0017] The adjustment unit 2 includes an adjustment assembly 21, which is mounted on the top of the rectangular frame 111; and a drive assembly 22, which is mounted on the rectangular frame 111. The adjustment assembly 21 includes two support rods 211 fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular frame 111. A feed plate 212 is rotatably connected to one side of the two support rods 211 that is close to each other. A U-shaped frame 213 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed plate 212. A connecting rod 214 is hinged to the U-shaped frame 213. A sliding frame 215 is hinged to the end of the connecting rod 214 away from the U-shaped frame 213. The U-shaped frame 213, the connecting rod 214, and the sliding frame 215 are all located on the side away from the support rods 211. The drive assembly 22 includes two sliding rods 221 fixedly connected to the rectangular frame 111. Both sliding rods 221 pass through the sliding frame 215 and are slidably connected to the sliding frame 215. A drive component is provided on the back of the rectangular frame 111. The drive component includes an electric push rod 222 fixedly connected to the back of the rectangular frame 111. The output end of the electric push rod 222 extends into the rectangular frame 111. The output end of the electric push rod 222 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 215, and the output end of the electric push rod 222 is slidably connected to the rectangular frame 111. By setting the adjustment part 2, if the feeding angle of the feeding plate 212 needs to be adjusted during use, the electric push rod 222 can be activated. The electric push rod 222 pushes the sliding frame 215 and, guided by the two sliding rods 221, makes the sliding frame 215 move back and forth along the guide direction. Since the sliding frame 215 is hinged to the connecting rod 214, and the other end of the connecting rod 214 is hinged to the U-shaped frame 213 at the bottom of the feeding plate 212, during the movement of the sliding frame 215, through the transmission action of the connecting rod 214 and the U-shaped frame 213, the feeding plate 212 achieves angle adjustment with the two support rods 211 as fulcrum. Through this setting, the feeding speed and material guiding angle can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the conveying needs of materials with different crushed particle sizes, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the separation and recycling process.
[0018] The screening section 3 includes a screening assembly 31, which is installed on the top of the rectangular frame 111; and a collection assembly 32, which is located at the bottom of the screening assembly 31. The screening assembly 31 includes a motor 311 fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular frame 111. The output shaft of the motor 311 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 312 via a coupling. The rotating shaft 312 passes through the rectangular frame 111 and is rotatably connected to the rectangular frame 111. A semi-magnetic roller 313 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 312. The semi-magnetic roller 313 is located at the bottom of the discharge port of the feed plate 212. The collection assembly 32 includes a collection box 321 fixedly connected to the bottom of the rectangular frame 111. The top of the collection box 321 has a non-metallic impurity bin 322 and a rare earth bin 323. The collection box 321 is equipped with a pull-out component. The non-metallic impurity bins 322 and the rare earth bins 323 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the semi-magnetic roller 313. The pull-out component includes an opening... A chute 324 is provided on the front of the collection box 321, and a draw plate 325 is slidably connected in the chute 324. The draw plate 325 is located on the left side of the collection box 321. By setting up a screening section 3, NdFeB waste can be fed into the crusher 112 during use. After being crushed, the material falls onto the feed plate 212 and is guided by the feed plate 212 to the semi-magnetic drum 313. When the material passes through the semi-magnetic drum 313, the ferromagnetic material is adsorbed onto the surface of the drum, while the non-metallic impurities fall directly into the non-metallic impurity bin 322 for collection. Then, the motor 311 is started, and the motor 311 drives the semi-magnetic drum 313 to rotate through the rotating shaft 312. The ferromagnetic material adsorbed on its surface moves to the non-magnetic zone with the rotation of the drum and then detaches from the drum surface under the combined action of gravity and centrifugal force, falling into the rare earth bin 323. Through this setting, the rare earth components and non-metallic impurities in the NdFeB waste can be efficiently separated and recovered.
[0019] Crusher 112: Model PE series jaw crusher, such as PE-150×250, PE-250×400, etc., small and medium-sized models, suitable for waste processing volume and subsequent sorting needs. Its working principle is that the motor drives the eccentric shaft to rotate, which drives the moving jaw plate to make periodic reciprocating motion relative to the fixed jaw plate. Utilizing the squeezing and shearing force between the two jaw plates, the blocky and granular NdFeB waste is crushed to a uniform particle size of usually less than 10mm, which meets the requirements of subsequent wet leaching or pyrometallurgical processing. During the crushing process, the reasonable cavity design reduces the loss of rare earth elements, laying a pre-treatment foundation for the efficient recovery of rare earths.
[0020] Semi-magnetic roller 313: Commonly used RCT series and RCQ series semi-magnetic rollers are suitable for roller diameters of 600–1200mm and bandwidths of 650–1400mm, with surface magnetic field strengths of 1.2–1.8T, and are compatible with waste particle sizes of 75 microns–15mm. Its working principle is that the internal semi-circular static magnetic system is fixed with neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, and the external stainless steel cylinder rotates with the conveyor belt. When the crushed waste passes through the roller via the conveyor belt, the rare earth-containing magnetic particles are attracted to the surface of the cylinder by the high gradient strong magnetic field and automatically fall off as the cylinder rotates to the area outside the magnetic field. Non-magnetic impurities are discharged directly along a parabolic trajectory. The adjustable diverter plate realizes the efficient separation of rare earth magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials, which empowers the subsequent rare earth purification process.
[0021] It should be noted that the control of the crusher 112, electric push rod 222, motor 311, and semi-magnetic drum 313 in this application can all be achieved by using a program set in the control panel and inputting relevant parameters as needed for automated control. This control method can be achieved using existing technologies, such as PLC.
[0022] One specific application of this embodiment is as follows: During use, NdFeB waste can be fed into the crusher 112. After crushing, the material falls onto the feed plate 212 and is guided by the feed plate 212 to the semi-magnetic drum 313. When the material passes through the semi-magnetic drum 313, the ferromagnetic substances are adsorbed onto the drum surface, while non-metallic impurities fall directly into the non-metallic impurity bin 322 for collection. Then, the motor 311 is started, driving the semi-magnetic drum 313 to rotate via the shaft 312. The ferromagnetic substances adsorbed on its surface, after rotating to the non-magnetic zone, detach from the drum surface under the combined action of gravity and centrifugal force, falling into the rare earth bin 323. Through this setup, efficient separation and recovery of rare earth components and non-metallic impurities in NdFeB waste can be achieved. If the feeding angle of the feeding plate 212 needs to be adjusted during use, the electric push rod 222 can be activated. The electric push rod 222 pushes the sliding frame 215 and guides it with two sliding rods 221, causing the sliding frame 215 to move back and forth along the guide direction. Since the sliding frame 215 is hinged to the connecting rod 214, and the other end of the connecting rod 214 is hinged to the U-shaped frame 213 at the bottom of the feeding plate 212, the feeding plate 212 can achieve angle adjustment with two support rods 211 as fulcrums through the transmission action of the connecting rod 214 and the U-shaped frame 213 during the movement of the sliding frame 215. With this setting, the feeding speed and material guiding angle can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the conveying needs of materials with different crushed particle sizes, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the separation and recycling process.
[0023] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0024] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. This utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims
1. A crushing and sorting device for recovering rare earth elements from NdFeB waste, comprising a rectangular frame (111) and a crusher (112) disposed on top of the rectangular frame (111), characterized in that, Also includes: Adjustment part (2), the adjustment part (2) is provided on rectangular frame (111); Screening section (3), the screening section (3) is arranged on a rectangular frame (111); The adjustment part (2) includes an adjustment assembly (21) which is mounted on the top of the rectangular frame (111); as well as A drive assembly (22) is mounted on a rectangular frame (111); The adjustment assembly (21) includes two support rods (211) fixedly connected to the top of the rectangular frame (111). A feed plate (212) is rotatably connected to the side of the two support rods (211) that are close to each other. A U-shaped frame (213) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed plate (212). A connecting rod (214) is hinged to the U-shaped frame (213). A sliding frame (215) is hinged to the end of the connecting rod (214) away from the U-shaped frame (213). Among them, the U-shaped frame (213), the connecting rod (214) and the sliding frame (215) are all located on the side away from the support rod (211).
2. The crushing and sorting equipment for recovering rare earth elements from NdFeB waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening section (3) includes a screening assembly (31) mounted on top of a rectangular frame (111); and Collection component (32) is disposed at the bottom of screening component (31).
3. The crushing and sorting equipment for recovering rare earth elements from NdFeB waste according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive assembly (22) includes two slide rods (221) fixedly connected to the rectangular frame (111). Both slide rods (221) pass through the sliding frame (215) and are slidably connected to the sliding frame (215). A drive component is provided on the back of the rectangular frame (111).
4. The crushing and sorting equipment for recovering rare earth elements from NdFeB waste according to claim 3, characterized in that, The screening assembly (31) includes a motor (311) fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular frame (111). The output shaft of the motor (311) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (312) via a coupling. The rotating shaft (312) passes through the rectangular frame (111) and is rotatably connected to the rectangular frame (111). A semi-magnetic roller (313) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (312). Among them, the semi-magnetic roller (313) is located at the bottom of the discharge port of the feed plate (212).
5. The crushing and sorting equipment for recovering rare earth elements from NdFeB waste according to claim 4, characterized in that, The collection assembly (32) includes a collection box (321) fixedly connected to the bottom of a rectangular frame (111). The top of the collection box (321) is provided with a non-metallic impurity compartment (322) and a rare earth compartment (323). The collection box (321) is provided with a pull-out component. Among them, the non-metallic impurity bin (322) and the rare earth bin (323) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the semi-magnetic roller (313).
6. The crushing and sorting equipment for recovering rare earth elements from NdFeB waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, The driving component includes an electric push rod (222) fixedly connected to the back of the rectangular frame (111), the output end of the electric push rod (222) extending into the rectangular frame (111), and the output end of the electric push rod (222) fixedly connected to the sliding frame (215). The output end of the electric push rod (222) is slidably connected to the rectangular frame (111).
7. The crushing and sorting equipment for recovering rare earth elements from NdFeB waste according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pull-out component includes a groove (324) formed on the front of the collection box (321), and a pull plate (325) is slidably connected in the groove (324). The drawer (325) is located on the left side of the collection box (321).