A cyclone dust separating device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522574898.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-04
AI Technical Summary
[0003]常规旋风除尘器对较大规格的颗粒物的分离捕捉效果比较好，但在用于微小尺寸颗粒物分离除尘时，由于对微小尺寸颗粒物捕捉不充分，易造成后段过滤装置堵塞，存在过滤装置易损、使用寿命低的问题
该旋风除尘装置中除尘主体包括由上至下依次设置的上部圆筒、中部圆筒和锥形筒，中部圆筒的直径大于上部圆筒的直径，含尘的旋转气流在从上部圆筒螺旋流动至中部圆筒时存在变径过程，在上部圆筒内由于半径较小，可通过较大的离心力使粉尘颗粒基本紧贴上部圆筒内壁，当颗粒物向下运动至变径位置时可在上述离心力作用下迅速滑向中部圆筒的内壁并继续旋转下行，而上升回流的气体是相对处于内层的干净气体，同时上升回流的干净气体位于除尘主体中心区域与中部圆筒内壁距离较远，可有效减少颗粒物被上升气流携带出的量，提升该旋风除尘装置的除尘率。
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Figure CN224793725U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of dust removal technology, specifically a cyclone dust removal device. Background Technology
[0002] Cyclone dust collection is a process that uses the centrifugal force generated by a rotating dust-laden airflow to separate dust and other particulate matter from a gas. A typical cyclone dust collector generally includes a dust collection body, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. The dust collection body consists of a cylindrical body and a conical body arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The dust-laden airflow enters the cylindrical body tangentially through the inlet pipe and flows spirally downwards. Centrifugal force throws dust and other particles against the inner wall of the cylinder. The separated particles then move downwards along the inner walls of the cylinder and cone under their own weight, reaching the bottom of the cone for collection. The purified gas, guided by the conical surface of the cone, moves upwards along the central area of the dust collection body and is finally discharged through the outlet pipe. Conventional cyclone dust collectors usually also have a filter installed after the outlet pipe to ensure the purification effect of the discharged gas.
[0003] Conventional cyclone dust collectors are effective at separating and capturing larger particles, but when used for separating and removing fine particles, they are prone to clogging of downstream filters due to insufficient capture of these particles, resulting in easily damaged filters with short service life. The main reason is that there is a convergence point between the dust-laden airflow spiraling downwards along the periphery and the clean airflow moving upwards along the center of the dust collector. Turbulence easily forms at this convergence point, leading to a low capture rate of fine particles. Many fine particles are carried by the rising airflow to the filter location and accumulate, causing clogging of the downstream filter. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cyclone dust collector that has a high capture rate for fine particulate matter and a good dust removal rate.
[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A cyclone dust collector includes a dust collector body, an inlet pipe, and an exhaust pipe. The dust collector body comprises an upper cylinder, a middle cylinder, and a conical cylinder arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper cylinder, middle cylinder, conical cylinder, and exhaust pipe are coaxially arranged. The top of the upper cylinder is closed. One end of the inlet pipe penetrates the side wall of the upper cylinder tangentially and is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder. The exhaust pipe penetrates the closed end of the upper cylinder and is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder. The open end of the upper cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the middle cylinder. The other end of the middle cylinder is fixedly connected to the large-diameter end of the conical cylinder. The diameter of the middle cylinder is larger than the diameter of the upper cylinder. The bottom end of the exhaust pipe extends into the middle cylinder.
[0006] Furthermore, the dust removal body also includes an inner cylinder, which is coaxially fixed inside the central cylinder. The top end of the inner cylinder is located below the bottom end of the exhaust pipe, and the inner diameter of the inner cylinder is larger than the diameter of the exhaust pipe.
[0007] Specifically, the diameter of the inner cylinder is basically the same as the diameter of the upper cylinder.
[0008] Specifically, the open end of the upper cylinder is connected to one end of the middle cylinder by a circular arc transition.
[0009] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: The dust collector in this cyclone dust collector consists of an upper cylinder, a middle cylinder, and a conical cylinder arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The diameter of the middle cylinder is larger than that of the upper cylinder. The rotating airflow carrying dust undergoes a diameter change process as it spirals from the upper cylinder to the middle cylinder. Inside the upper cylinder, due to its smaller radius, the dust particles can be kept in close contact with the inner wall of the upper cylinder by a larger centrifugal force. When the particles move downward to the diameter change position, they can quickly slide towards the inner wall of the middle cylinder under the action of the centrifugal force and continue to rotate downward. The rising and returning gas is relatively clean gas in the inner layer. At the same time, the rising and returning clean gas is located in the central area of the dust collector and is far from the inner wall of the middle cylinder, which can effectively reduce the amount of particles carried out by the rising airflow and improve the dust removal rate of the cyclone dust collector.
[0010] The dust removal unit also includes an inner cylinder, which is coaxially fixed inside the central cylinder. During the dust removal process, the inner cylinder plays a certain role in separation or blocking. Under centrifugal force, the particles are mainly concentrated in the rotating gas in the annular cavity between the inner cylinder and the central cylinder. The rotating gas inside the inner cylinder contains less particulate matter, which can reduce the amount of particles carried out by the rising airflow. On the other hand, the inner cylinder has a large diameter. According to the principle of equivalent flow rate in the fluid dynamics of the pipeline, the larger the area through which the rising airflow passes, the lower its velocity, which can further reduce the amount of particulate matter carried out by the rising airflow, thus improving the dust removal rate of the cyclone dust collector. Attached Figure Description
[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a cyclone dust removal device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a cyclone dust removal device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the vertical flow of airflow inside the cyclone dust collector during operation. Figure 4 The diagram shows the main dimensional parameters of Examples 1, 2 and the comparative example in the verification experiment of this utility model; In the diagram, 1-intake pipe, 2-exhaust pipe, 3-upper cylinder, 4-middle cylinder, 5-conical cylinder, 6-inner cylinder. Detailed Implementation
[0012] The technical solution of this utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the following description.
[0013] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a cyclone dust collector includes a dust collector body, an inlet pipe 1, and an exhaust pipe 2. The dust collector body includes an upper cylinder 3, a middle cylinder 4, and a conical cylinder 5 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper cylinder 3, the middle cylinder 4, the conical cylinder 5, and the exhaust pipe 2 are coaxially arranged. The top of the upper cylinder 3 is closed. One end of the inlet pipe 1 penetrates the side wall of the upper cylinder 3 tangentially and is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder 3. The exhaust pipe 2 penetrates the closed end of the upper cylinder 3 and is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder 3. The open end of the upper cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the middle cylinder 4. The other end of the middle cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the large-diameter end of the conical cylinder 5. The diameter of the middle cylinder 4 is larger than the diameter of the upper cylinder 3. The bottom end of the exhaust pipe 2 extends into the middle cylinder 4.
[0014] The working principle of this cyclone dust collector is roughly the same as that of a conventional cyclone dust collector. The dust-laden airflow enters the dust collector body through the inlet pipe 1 and flows downwards in a rotating manner. Under the action of centrifugal force, the particles are thrown towards the inner wall of the dust collector body and move downwards under their own weight until they are captured and collected by the container at the lower end. The separated, cleaner airflow flows upwards back through the central area of the conical cylinder and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 2. Compared to a conventional cyclone dust collector, in this cyclone dust collector, the diameter of the middle cylinder 4 is larger than the diameter of the upper cylinder 3. The rotating airflow undergoes a diameter change process as it spirals from the upper cylinder 3 to the middle cylinder 4. According to the centrifugal force calculation formula F=mv² / R (F is the centrifugal force, m is the mass of the particle, v is the linear velocity of the particle, and R is the centrifugal radius), this diameter change process ensures that when the airflow is inside the upper cylinder 3, due to its smaller radius, it can generate the maximum centrifugal force on the dust particles through the same airflow linear velocity. The particles basically rotate close to the inner wall of the upper cylinder 3. When they move downward to the position where the radial direction increases, the dust particles slide rapidly towards the inner wall of the middle cylinder 4 under the centrifugal force mentioned above and continue to rotate downward. The resulting laminar flow causes the dust particles to slide down the inner wall of the middle cylinder 4 to the inner wall of the lower cone 5 and further down into the dust collection container. The relatively clean gas in the inner layer flows back to the middle. At the same time, the clean gas rising and flowing back is located in the central area of the dust collector and is far away from the inner wall of the middle cylinder 4, which can effectively reduce the amount of particulate matter carried out by the rising airflow.
[0015] Furthermore, the dust removal body also includes an inner cylinder 6, which is coaxially fixed inside the central cylinder 4 (in practice, the inner cylinder 6 and the central cylinder 4 can be supported and fixed by a centrally symmetrical thin plate aligned with the airflow velocity vector). The top of the inner cylinder 6 is located below the bottom of the exhaust pipe 2, and the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 6 is much larger than the diameter of the exhaust pipe 2. The vertical splitting flow process of the airflow during operation of this cyclone dust removal device is as follows... Figure 3As shown, the dust-laden airflow flows into the upper cylinder 3 from the inlet pipe 1, forming a rotating airflow that moves downwards. Dust particles in this rotating airflow are thrown towards the inner wall of the upper cylinder 3. When the rotating airflow moves downwards into the middle cylinder 4, the rotating gas splits into two parts: a heavier dust-laden part flows downwards through the annular cavity between the inner cylinder 6 and the middle cylinder 4, while a lighter, cleaner part decelerates and rotates downwards along the inner wall of the inner cylinder 6. The inner cylinder 6 also plays a certain role in separation or blocking. Under centrifugal force, particulate matter is mainly concentrated in the rotating gas in the annular cavity, while the particulate matter content in the rotating gas inside the inner cylinder 6 is very low. Subsequently, the rotating gas forms solid-gas separation and gas backflow in the conical cylinder 5. Solid dust particles fall down into the container along the inner wall of the cone, while the rising backflow gas is concentrated in the middle of the inner cylinder 6. On the one hand, the particulate matter content in the rotating gas inside the inner cylinder 6 is very low, which reduces the base number of particulate matter carried out by the rising airflow. On the other hand, the inner cylinder 6 has a large diameter. According to the principle of equivalent flow rate in the fluid dynamics of the pipeline, the larger the area through which the rising airflow passes, the lower its velocity, which can further reduce the amount of particulate matter carried out by the rising airflow. Therefore, the capture rate of particulate matter by the cyclone dust collector is improved.
[0016] In practice, the diameter of the inner cylinder 6 is basically the same as that of the upper cylinder 3, corresponding to the upward airflow conditions in a conventional cyclone dust collector (where the diameters of all cross-sections of the main body of the dust collector are the same). The open end of the upper cylinder 3 is connected to one end of the middle cylinder 4 by an arc transition, which guides the rotating gas smoothly from the upper cylinder 3 into the middle cylinder 4, avoiding turbulence.
[0017] To verify the dust removal efficiency of the cyclone dust collector, the following verification experiment was conducted: like Figure 4 As shown, Embodiment 1 is the implementation structure of the cyclone dust collector without the inner cylinder 6, and Embodiment 2 is the implementation structure of the cyclone dust collector with the inner cylinder 6. The main structural dimensions are basically the same in Embodiments 1 and 2. The inner diameter of the exhaust pipe 2 is 26 mm, the inner diameter of the upper cylinder 3 is 76 mm, the inner diameter of the middle cylinder 4 is 110 mm, the distance between the top of the upper cylinder 3 and the bottom of the conical cylinder 5 is 172 mm, the distance between the top of the upper cylinder 3 and the top of the inner cylinder 6 is 62 mm, and the axial length of the inner cylinder 6 is 42 mm. The comparative example is the structure of a conventional cyclone dust collector, with an exhaust pipe inner diameter of 26 mm, a cylinder inner diameter of 76 mm, a distance between the top of the cylinder and the bottom of the conical cylinder of 170 mm, and an axial height of 65 mm. Embodiments 1 and 2 are basically the same as the comparative example in terms of overall length and the structural dimensions of the inlet section and exhaust pipe, and can be used interchangeably under the same installation environment.
[0018] The experimental setup includes a vacuum cleaner, a connecting pipe, an electronic scale, a preparation container, and a collection container. The vacuum cleaner's suction port is connected to the exhaust pipe of the test object (Example 1, Example 2, or Comparative Example). One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the air inlet pipe of the test object, and the other end of the connecting pipe extends into the bottom of the preparation container. The collection container is connected below the opening at the bottom of the conical cylinder of the test object.
[0019] In the experiment, the preparation container and the collection container were identical, each weighing 42g. The material simulating dust particles was refined wheat flour. The vacuum cleaner was a Makita 18V lithium-ion rechargeable cordless vacuum cleaner DCL281. A high-precision electronic scale with an accuracy of 0.5% and a capacity of 3kg was used. During the experiment, the refined wheat flour was first added to the preparation container using the electronic scale. Then, the vacuum cleaner was started until all the refined wheat flour in the preparation container was removed. Finally, the weight of the refined wheat flour in the collection container was measured using the electronic scale. Five sets of experiments were conducted for each of Example 1, Example 2, and the comparative example. The experimental data are shown in Table 1.
[0020]
[0021] In Table 1, the preparation amount is the total gross weight of the preparation container and the refined wheat flour inside it, the capture amount is the total gross weight of the collection container and the refined wheat flour inside it, and the average gross weight is the average of 5 experiments; the weight of both the preparation container and the collection container is 42g, the average net weight of the preparation amount corresponds to the net weight of refined wheat flour added in each experiment is 58g, the average net weight of the capture amount is the average gross weight of the capture amount minus the weight of the collection container; the dust removal rate is the percentage of the average net weight of the capture amount in the average net weight of the preparation amount.
[0022] As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1, in this invention, the dust removal rate of Example 1 reached 93.93%, and the dust removal rate of Example 2 reached 96.21%, both higher than the 82.9% of the comparative example. This shows that the structure of this invention has a higher dust removal rate compared to the structure of a conventional cyclone dust collector.
[0023] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be protected within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A cyclone dust collector, comprising a dust collector body, an inlet pipe, and an exhaust pipe, characterized in that, The dust removal body includes an upper cylinder, a middle cylinder, and a conical cylinder arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper cylinder, middle cylinder, conical cylinder, and exhaust pipe are coaxially arranged. The upper cylinder is closed at the top. One end of the intake pipe penetrates the side wall of the upper cylinder tangentially and is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder. The exhaust pipe penetrates the closed end of the upper cylinder and is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder. The open end of the upper cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the middle cylinder. The other end of the middle cylinder is fixedly connected to the large-diameter end of the conical cylinder. The diameter of the middle cylinder is larger than the diameter of the upper cylinder, and the bottom end of the exhaust pipe extends into the middle cylinder.
2. The cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust removal body also includes an inner cylinder, which is coaxially fixed inside the central cylinder. The top end of the inner cylinder is located below the bottom end of the exhaust pipe, and the inner diameter of the inner cylinder is larger than the diameter of the exhaust pipe.
3. The cyclone dust collector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the inner cylinder is basically the same as the diameter of the upper cylinder.
4. A cyclone dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The open end of the upper cylinder is connected to one end of the middle cylinder by a circular arc transition.