Shear-adjustable graphite ore dressing cyclone

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of shear adjustable graphite ore dressing cyclone, belong to mineral processing equipment technical field, to effectively reduce internal flow field shear strength to protect large flake graphite.This device includes cyclone main body, cyclone main body is by cylinder section, the conical section being connected with cylinder section, feed pipe, overflow pipe and the underflow port being arranged in conical section lower end are formed, overflow pipe lower end side wall is provided with slit, still include: throttle ring, coaxially set in the inside or outside of overflow pipe lower end;Adjusting mechanism is used to drive throttle ring and overflow pipe to move relatively, to adjust the effective flow area of the slit.By adjusting mechanism, the effective flow area of the slit in the lower part of the overflow pipe can be adjusted by the throttle ring, thereby adjusting the shear strength, tangential velocity and pressure drop size inside the cyclone, which can be suitable for different working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of graphite beneficiation technology, specifically to a hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation with adjustable shear force. Background Technology

[0002] Crystalline (flake) graphite, as an important strategic non-metallic mineral resource, possesses excellent lubricity, flexibility, heat resistance, and electrical conductivity due to its unique layered structure. It is widely used in high-tech fields such as metallurgy, refractory materials, military industry, aerospace, electronics, and nuclear power. The economic value of graphite is directly related to the size of its flakes; the larger the flakes, the more advanced the application field and the higher the economic value. In the market, the price of large flake graphite products with a mesh size of +100, +80, or even +50 is much higher than that of fine flake graphite. However, the globally proven reserves of large flake graphite minerals are relatively limited. Therefore, protecting these precious large flake graphites to the greatest extent possible during the beneficiation process and preventing their breakage and degradation is of vital economic significance and strategic value.

[0003] The inherent physical properties of large-flake graphite include its softness, brittleness, and typical brittleness. Its layered crystal structure is easily peeled or fractured along cleavage planes when subjected to mechanical forces. In traditional mineral classification processes, hydrocyclones are widely used due to their simple structure, large processing capacity, and high classification efficiency. The working principle of a hydrocyclone involves tangential feeding through a feed pipe, creating a high-speed rotating vortex field inside the hydrocyclone. Under the strong centrifugal force, particles with higher density and larger diameters are thrown towards the wall and move downwards with the outer vortex, eventually flowing out through the bottom flow. The particles are discharged through the outlet, while smaller particles move upward with the internal swirling flow and are discharged through the overflow pipe, thus achieving particle classification. However, in traditional hydrocyclones, the high-speed rotating flow field, especially in the outer swirling region, has an extremely high velocity gradient, which generates strong fluid shearing. When fragile large-flake graphite particles enter this high-shear environment, they are subjected to huge shear stress, collisions between particles, and friction between particles and the vessel wall, causing them to break and disintegrate. This reduces the originally high-value large flakes to low-value small flakes, resulting in resource waste and economic losses.

[0004] To improve the performance of hydrocyclones, relevant patents have been used to modify their structure. For example, the patent with publication number CN115722353A, "A Conical Overflow Pipe Slotted Hydrocyclone," modifies the internal flow field characteristics by opening a slot on the outer wall of the lower end of the overflow pipe. Research results show that this slotted structure can effectively increase the equivalent flow area of ​​the overflow pipe, thereby significantly reducing the operating pressure drop of the hydrocyclone. This is accompanied by a decrease in the tangential and axial velocities of the internal flow field. This reduction in flow field intensity is beneficial to reducing the shearing effect on particles to a certain extent, while maintaining a relatively high classification efficiency.

[0005] However, existing technologies still have certain shortcomings. The size and form of the slits are fixed, which means that the operating characteristics and flow field intensity of the hydrocyclone are also fixed. In actual production, the properties of the ore (such as the grade of the raw ore, particle size distribution, and content of large flakes) are constantly changing. At the same time, production goals may need to be adjusted between "maximizing the protection of flakes" and "pursuing the highest classification accuracy." The fixed slit structure cannot adapt to these dynamic changes and lacks the flexibility and optimization space of the process operation. For example, when processing ore containing extremely high-value large flakes, a flow field environment that is as mild as possible is required, while when processing fine-grained or non-brittle materials, a stronger centrifugal force field may be required to ensure classification efficiency. Existing technologies cannot achieve such dynamic control on a single device. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a hydrocyclone that can effectively reduce the internal flow field shear intensity to protect large flake graphite, and also has the ability to dynamically adjust the flow field characteristics to adapt to different working conditions and production needs.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation with adjustable shear force includes a hydrocyclone body, which comprises a cylindrical section, a conical section connected to the cylindrical section, a feed pipe connected to the upper part of the cylindrical section, an overflow pipe connected to the inside of the cylindrical section, and an underflow port located at the lower end of the conical section. Its distinguishing feature is that: A slit is provided on the lower end side wall of the overflow pipe; It also includes: The throttling ring is coaxially positioned on the inner or outer side of the lower end of the overflow pipe; The adjustment mechanism, whose output end is connected to the throttling ring drive, is used to drive the throttling ring and the overflow pipe to move relative to each other, so as to adjust the effective flow area of ​​the opening.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjusting mechanism includes a longitudinal lead screw, a lead screw nut threaded to the longitudinal lead screw, a connecting rod, and spokes. The longitudinal lead screw is rotatably connected above the overflow pipe. The connecting rod is distributed in the vertical direction and its upper end is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the throttling ring through the spokes.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjusting mechanism includes a rotating rod, a connecting rod, and spokes. The rotating rod is distributed vertically and rotatably connected to the top of the overflow pipe. The connecting rod is distributed vertically and its upper end is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, while its lower end is fixedly connected to the throttling ring via spokes. The throttling ring is provided with through holes distributed in a manner corresponding to the position and number of the slits.

[0010] Furthermore, a sliding groove or a rotating groove is provided on the lower part of the inner or outer wall of the overflow pipe, and the throttling ring is slidably connected to the sliding groove or rotatably connected to the rotating groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the feed tube has a flow channel extending along an involute path, which is smoothly connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical section.

[0012] Furthermore, the conical segment consists of an upper cone and a lower cone connected below the upper cone, wherein the cone angle of the upper cone is greater than that of the lower cone.

[0013] Furthermore, the cone angle of the upper cone is 25-30°, and the cone angle of the lower cone is 8-12°.

[0014] Furthermore, the slit is provided in multiple layers along the axial direction of the overflow pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the slit is inclined, and the inclination direction is opposite to the outward swirling direction of the fluid inside the cylindrical section.

[0016] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between the throttling ring and the mating surface of the overflow pipe.

[0017] The technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. The slotted structure reduces the velocity gradient by lowering the peak tangential velocity of the overall flow field, thereby fundamentally reducing the shear strength inside the flow field. When large flake graphite particles move within it, the tearing and peeling forces they experience are greatly reduced, significantly lowering the risk of them breaking along the cleavage plane, thus effectively protecting the integrity of the flakes. 2. The slotted structure also significantly reduces the upward axial velocity in the core region of the inner swirling flow. This means that the process of particles being carried to the overflow port becomes smoother, the turbulent kinetic energy of the flow field is reduced, and the lower turbulence intensity reduces high-energy random collisions between particles and between particles and the container wall, further avoiding scale breakage caused by mechanical impact. In addition, the reduction in the axial velocity of the outer swirling flow prolongs the residence time of particles in the hydrocyclone, allowing the classification process to be completed under more "gentle" kinetic conditions. 3. By adjusting the throttling ring to move it axially up and down or rotate it circumferentially in the overflow pipe, the opening size can be changed to alter the tangential velocity and shear strength of the internal flow field, adapting to different situations. For example, when processing graphite ore containing a large amount of high-value, large-sized, and extremely fragile material, the operator can adjust the opening to its maximum. At this point, the equivalent diameter of the overflow pipe is at its largest, the bypass diversion effect is strongest, and the tangential velocity and shear strength of the internal flow field are minimized. This mode sacrifices some grading sharpness to prioritize the physical integrity of large-flake graphite, maximizing product value. In this mode, the pressure drop and energy consumption are the lowest. When processing fine-grained graphite, other non-brittle materials, or when extremely high classification accuracy is required, the operator can completely close the slit. At this time, the throttling ring completely blocks the slit, and the hydrocyclone returns to the traditional high-efficiency classification mode. The powerful centrifugal force field ensures accurate separation of fine particles, and the classification efficiency can reach the highest level. For most conventional operating conditions, the operator can adjust the slit opening degree to an intermediate value based on the real-time analysis results of the ore properties. This can find the best balance between scale protection, classification efficiency, and energy consumption, and optimize the overall process flow. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point B in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of a portion of point C in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of a portion of point D; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of a portion of point E in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of a portion of point F in the middle; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing structure between the throttling ring and the overflow pipe.

[0020] in: 1-Cylindrical section; 2-Conical segment, 201-Upper cone, 202-Lower cone; 3-Feed pipe; 4-Overflow pipe, 401-Overflow port, 402-End cap, 403-Slot, 404-Slide groove, 405-Rotating groove; 5-bottom flow mouth; 6-Throttle ring, 601-Through hole; 7-Adjusting mechanism, 701-Fixed frame, 702-Adjusting screw, 703-Handwheel, 704-Screw nut, 705-Connecting rod, 706-Spoke, 707-Bearing, 708-Rotating rod; 8-Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0022] First Embodiment like Figures 1-3 As shown, this utility model provides a shear force adjustable hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation, including a cylindrical section 1, a conical section 2, a feed pipe 3, an overflow pipe 4, and a bottom outlet 5. The conical section 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylindrical section 1 and is composed of an upper cone 201 and a lower cone 202 connected sequentially from top to bottom. The upper cone 201 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylindrical section 1, and the lower cone 202 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper cone 201, with a bottom outlet 5 at the lower end of the lower cone 202. The feed pipe 3 is connected to the upper part of the cylindrical section 1. The overflow pipe 4 is vertically distributed and extends to the junction between the cylindrical section 1 and the upper cone 201. In addition, the lower part of the side wall of the overflow pipe 4 is provided with a slit 403 that penetrates the wall thickness direction. The overflow pipe 4 is also provided with a throttling ring 6 and an adjustment mechanism. The position of the throttling ring 6 can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism to control the opening size of the slit 403 on the overflow pipe 4.

[0023] Specifically, the cone angle of the upper cone 201 is set to 25–30°, with 25° used in this embodiment, and the cone angle of the lower cone 202 is set to 8–12°, with 9° used in this embodiment. This employs a double-cone structure with a larger upper cone and a smaller lower cone. The angle of the upper cone 201 is larger than that of a typical cone, which helps to quickly complete the pre-classification and sedimentation of large flake graphite. This allows large particles (including large flake graphite and coarse gangue) to be rapidly thrown towards the vessel wall and migrate downwards, achieving rapid pre-classification. This process shortens the time required for large flakes to settle in the upper part of the hydrocyclone. The residence time in the high-shear zone plays a crucial protective role. After rapid pre-classification in the upper cone, the material entering the lower cone is mainly medium- and fine-grained particles. The relatively small cone angle of 8° to 12° makes the cone section longer and the flow field change more gently, providing a longer residence time and a more stable classification environment for medium- and fine-grained particles. This allows them to be separated more accurately, ensuring not only the qualified particle size of the final underflow product but also improving the recovery rate of fine graphite in the overflow, thereby guaranteeing the overall classification efficiency and classification sharpness.

[0024] In this embodiment, the feed pipe 3 has a flow channel extending along an involute path, which is smoothly connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical section. Through the involute inlet setting, the slurry can smoothly enter the hydrocyclone with minimal energy loss and the lowest turbulence intensity, reducing inlet turbulence, thereby reducing short-circuit flow (i.e., some unclassified material directly enters the overflow or underflow), achieving pre-classification, and improving classification accuracy. Moreover, it can also reduce the direct scouring and impact of particles on the inner wall of the connection between the feed pipe 3 and the cylindrical section 1, thereby significantly reducing the erosion of this high-wear area, extending the service life of the hydrocyclone lining, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0025] The overflow pipe 4 is a cylindrical shell with an opening at the lower end and an upper end extending above the cylindrical section 1. An end cap is detachably and fixedly connected to the pipe via a flange. The overflow port 401 is located on the upper side of the overflow pipe 4. Multiple sets of slits 403 are arranged vertically at intervals on the lower part of the side wall of the overflow pipe 4. Each set of slits 403 can be set as any one of horizontal slits, upward slits, or downward slits. In this embodiment, in order to reduce overflow coarseness, the slits 403 are set as upward slits. That is, when the fluid enters the slits 403, the rotation direction of the internal swirling flow is opposite to the opening direction of the slits 403. The solid particles entrained in the fluid will change direction sharply before entering the slits 403, causing some solid particles to be separated again due to inertia and making it difficult for them to enter the slits 403. This reduces the probability of solid particles entering the interior of the overflow pipe 4 through the slits 403 and improves the separation efficiency.

[0026] In this embodiment, the throttling ring 6 is disposed inside the overflow pipe 4. The inner wall of the overflow pipe 4 is provided with a groove 404 whose length is distributed in the vertical direction. The throttling ring 6 can slide up and down along the groove 404, and the inner wall of the throttling ring 6 is flush with the inner wall of the overflow pipe 4 to avoid unnecessary turbulence and eddies, and at the same time to prevent the throttling ring 6 from protruding from the inner wall of the overflow pipe 4 and reducing the flow rate at the inlet of the overflow pipe 4.

[0027] The adjusting mechanism consists of an adjusting screw 702, a handwheel 703, a screw nut 704, a connecting rod 705, and spokes 706. A fixed frame 701 is fixedly connected above the end cover 402. The adjusting screw 702 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 701 via a bearing 707. The axis of the adjusting screw 702 is distributed vertically, with its upper end fixedly connected to the handwheel 703 and its lower end threadedly connected to the screw nut 704. The connecting rod 705 is also distributed vertically, with its upper end fixedly connected to the screw nut 704 and its lower end passing through the end cover 402 from top to bottom and then fixedly connected to the inner wall of the throttling ring 6 via the spokes 706. The adjustment mechanism is controlled by turning the handwheel 703. The adjustment screw 702 is rotated, which in turn drives the connecting rod 705, spokes 706, and throttling ring 6 to move up and down, thereby opening or closing the slits 403 at different heights. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the surfaces of the connecting rod 705 and spokes 706 are smooth to avoid turbulence caused by rough surfaces, ensuring the stability of the flow field inside the hydrocyclone. Moreover, the size of the connecting rod 705 and spokes 706 is minimized as much as possible while ensuring strength. Of course, in order to achieve automated operation, the handwheel 703 can be replaced with a servo motor, and the output end of the servo motor is connected to the upper end of the adjustment screw 702.

[0028] Second Embodiment The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the design of the throttling ring 6 and the regulating mechanism 7 is different.

[0029] like Figures 4-6 As shown, in this embodiment, a through hole 601 is provided on the side wall of the throttling ring 6. The through hole 601 is distributed through the wall thickness direction of the throttling ring 6, and the through hole 601 is distributed correspondingly to the slot 403. Three sets of through holes 601 are provided in the height direction, and the shape and size of the through hole 601 correspond to the opening of the slot 403 on the inner side wall of the overflow pipe 4.

[0030] The adjustment mechanism 7 includes a fixed frame 701, a rotating rod 708, a bearing 707, a connecting rod 705, and spokes 706. The fixed frame 701 is fixedly connected to the top of the end cover 402. The axis of the rotating rod 708 is distributed vertically and is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 701 through the bearing 707. The connecting rod 705 passes vertically through the end cover 402 and its lower end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the throttling ring 6 through the spokes 706. The connecting rod 705 is rotatably connected to the end cover 402.

[0031] A rotating groove 405 is provided on the lower part of the inner wall of the overflow pipe 4. The throttling ring 6 is rotatably connected to the inside of the rotating groove 405 along the axis of the overflow pipe 4. When the throttling ring 6 and the rotating groove 405 are engaged, the inner wall of the throttling ring 6 is flush with the inner wall of the overflow pipe 4 to minimize the influence of the throttling ring 6 on the lower inlet flow of the overflow pipe 4. This device drives the rotating rod 708 to rotate by turning the handwheel 703, thereby driving the throttling ring 6 to rotate along the rotating groove 405 through the connecting rod 705 and the spokes 706. This causes the through hole 601 on the throttling ring 6 to be partially or completely misaligned with the slot 403 in the circumferential direction, thereby changing the flow rate of the swirling flow outside the overflow pipe 4 into the overflow pipe 4, and thus adjusting the tangential velocity, axial velocity and pressure drop of the hydrocyclone.

[0032] Example 3 The overall structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first and second embodiments, except for the setting of the position of the throttle ring 6 and the setting of the adjustment mechanism 7.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figures 7-9 As shown, the throttling ring 6 is disposed on the outer side of the overflow pipe 4, that is, the outer wall of the overflow pipe 4 is provided with a vertically distributed groove 404, and the height of the groove 404 is lower than the lower surface of the cylindrical section 1. The throttling ring 6 is slidably connected to the groove 404.

[0034] The adjustment mechanism 7 consists of a fixed frame 701, an adjusting screw 702, a handwheel 703, a screw nut 704, and a connecting rod 705. The fixed frame 701 is fixedly connected to the top of the end cover 402. The axis of the adjusting screw 702 is distributed in the vertical direction and is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 701 through a bearing 707. In this embodiment, the connecting rod 705 is in the shape of "[". Its main body is slidably connected to the flange at the top of the end cover 402 and the overflow pipe 4, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the screw nut 704, while its lower end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the throttling ring 6.

[0035] By turning the handwheel 703, the adjusting screw 702 can be rotated, which in turn causes the screw nut 704, the connecting rod 705, and the throttling ring 6 to slide up and down, thereby adjusting the opening size of the slit 403 on the overflow pipe 4.

[0036] Furthermore, it should be noted that in the first to third embodiments, a sealing ring 8 is also provided between the throttling ring 6 and the overflow pipe 4. Specifically, annular grooves are provided at the upper and lower ends of the side of the throttling ring 6 that mates with the overflow pipe 4, and the sealing ring 8 is placed within the annular grooves. This improves the sealing performance between the throttling ring 6 and the overflow pipe 4, ensuring that fluid can only enter the overflow pipe 4 through the adjusted opening 403, preventing fluid from the outside of the overflow pipe 4 from entering the overflow pipe 4 through the gap between the two, thus ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the adjustment. Figure 10As shown, based on the first embodiment, a set of annular grooves are provided at the upper and lower ends of the outer side wall of the throttling ring 6. An annular sealing ring 8 is installed in the annular groove, and the outer side of the annular sealing ring 8 protrudes slightly from the outer side of the throttling ring 6 to ensure the sealing effect between the throttling ring 6 and the overflow pipe 4. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the throttling ring 6 can overcome the friction between the sealing ring 8 and the inner side wall of the overflow pipe 4 and slide up and down under the drive of the connecting rod 705.

[0037] Therefore, when the classification target or the actual situation such as slurry concentration and composition is inconsistent, the effective flow area of ​​the throttling ring 6 and the slit 403 on the overflow pipe 4 can be adjusted by the regulating mechanism 7 to adapt to the differences in different process requirements. The following three modes are explained: Maximum protection mode: When processing slurry containing a large amount of large flake graphite, the effective flow area of ​​the 403 slot can be adjusted to the maximum. At this time, the bypass diversion effect is the strongest, and the tangential velocity and shear intensity of the flow field inside the hydrocyclone are reduced to the minimum. This mode sacrifices a certain degree of classification sharpness to prioritize the physical integrity of the material and maximize product value. At the same time, the pressure drop and energy consumption are the lowest in this mode. Highest efficiency mode: When extremely high classification accuracy is required, the slit 403 can be completely closed. At this time, the throttling ring 6 completely blocks the slit, and the hydrocyclone returns to the traditional high-efficiency classification mode. The powerful centrifugal force field ensures the precise separation of fine particles, and the classification efficiency can reach the highest level. Balanced mode: For most conventional working conditions, the opening degree of the 403 slot can be adjusted to an intermediate value to find the best balance between large flake graphite protection, classification efficiency and energy consumption, thereby optimizing the overall process.

[0038] Of course, in actual use, it is not limited to the above three modes. The opening size of the slit 403 can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual situation (such as slurry concentration, ore properties, etc.). The dynamic adjustable capability enables a single device to efficiently process graphite slurries with different properties and meet different production goals, which greatly expands the application range and process adaptability of the hydrocyclone.

[0039] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A shear force adjustable hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation, comprising a hydrocyclone body, the hydrocyclone body consisting of a cylindrical section, a conical section connected to the cylindrical section, a feed pipe connected to the upper part of the cylindrical section, an overflow pipe connected to the inside of the cylindrical section, and an underflow port disposed at the lower end of the conical section, characterized in that: A slit is provided on the lower end side wall of the overflow pipe; It also includes: The throttling ring is coaxially positioned on the inner or outer side of the lower end of the overflow pipe; The adjustment mechanism, whose output end is connected to the throttling ring drive, is used to drive the throttling ring and the overflow pipe to move relative to each other, so as to adjust the effective flow area of ​​the opening.

2. The shear force adjustable hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting mechanism includes a longitudinal lead screw, a lead screw nut threaded to the longitudinal lead screw, a connecting rod, and spokes. The longitudinal lead screw is rotatably connected above the overflow pipe. The connecting rod is distributed in the vertical direction and its upper end is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the throttling ring through the spokes.

3. The shear force adjustable hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting mechanism includes a rotating rod, a connecting rod, and spokes. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the top of the overflow pipe along its length in the vertical direction. The connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rotating rod at its upper end and to the throttling ring at its lower end via spokes. The throttling ring is provided with through holes distributed in a manner corresponding to the position and number of the slits.

4. The shear force adjustable hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The lower part of the inner or outer wall of the overflow pipe is provided with a sliding groove or a rotating groove, and the throttling ring is slidably connected to the sliding groove or rotatably connected to the rotating groove.

5. The shear force adjustable hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed tube has a flow channel extending along an involute path, which is smoothly connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical section.

6. The shear force adjustable hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conical segment consists of an upper cone and a lower cone connected below the upper cone, wherein the cone angle of the upper cone is greater than that of the lower cone.

7. The shear force adjustable hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cone angle of the upper cone is 25-30°, and the cone angle of the lower cone is 8-12°.

8. The shear force adjustable hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slits are arranged in multiple layers along the axial direction of the overflow pipe.

9. The shear force adjustable hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slit is inclined, and the inclination direction is opposite to the outward swirling direction of the fluid inside the cylindrical section.

10. The shear force adjustable hydrocyclone for graphite beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the throttling ring and the mating surface of the overflow pipe.

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