Shredded tobacco wind distribution self-adjusting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of stem silk air separation self-regulating devices, including rack, negative pressure passage being arranged on the rack, connecting rod driving unit and stem signature conveying unit, pressure passage includes two oppositely arranged fixed plate and movable plate, and blanking port being arranged in bottom;Connecting rod driving unit, including connecting rod mechanism being connected on the movable plate, and the drive mechanism for driving the connecting rod mechanism drives the movable plate to be close to or away from the fixed plate;Stem signature conveying unit, it is below the blanking port, for receiving and conveying separated stem signature.The utility model changes the cross-sectional area of negative pressure passage by setting connecting rod driving unit, and then change upward airflow speed, optimize stem silk sorting effect;While using drive mechanism directly drives connecting rod mechanism connected with movable plate, response speed is fast;In addition, stem signature conveying unit can quickly obtain stem silk amount, to improve air separation efficiency and ensure product quality stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tobacco manufacturing technology, and in particular to a self-regulating device for the air separation of tobacco stems. Background Technology

[0002] In tobacco processing, stem sorting is a core step in ensuring product quality. Its core function is to remove impurities such as stem fragments from the stems using controllable air-separation technology, thereby improving the purity and processing stability of the finished product. However, traditional stem air-separation devices generally adopt a fixed negative pressure channel design. The channel width and air pressure parameters cannot be dynamically adjusted in real time according to the characteristics of the raw materials (such as stem moisture content, density, and morphological differences) or process requirements (such as sorting intensity and throughput) during equipment operation. This results in large fluctuations in air-separation efficiency, making it difficult to meet the continuous production needs of multiple batches of differentiated stems.

[0003] Although some adjustable air separation devices exist in the existing technology, their adjustment mechanism mainly involves manually intervening in the gas distribution chamber to indirectly control the jet air parameters (such as flow rate and velocity) of the air nozzles, thereby changing the lift distribution of the vertical airflow in the negative pressure channel to adjust the separation effect. However, manual adjustment relies on the operator's experience, has a slow response time and limited adjustment accuracy, making it difficult to adapt to high-speed operation scenarios on production lines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a stem and filament air separation self-adjustment device. By changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure channel through the linkage drive unit, the speed of the upward airflow is changed, thereby adjusting the stem and filament separation effect. The device has a fast response speed, thereby improving air separation efficiency and ensuring product quality stability.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is to provide a self-adjusting device for stem air distribution, comprising: frame; A negative pressure channel is provided on the frame, including two fixed plates and a movable plate arranged opposite each other, and a material discharge port at the bottom; The linkage drive unit includes a linkage mechanism connected to the movable plate and a drive mechanism for driving the linkage mechanism to move the movable plate closer to or away from the fixed plate; The stem conveying unit is located below the discharge port and is used to receive and convey the separated stems.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, the linkage mechanism is a parallelogram structure formed by two connecting members and two linkage members intersecting and hinged at their ends. The two connecting members are arranged parallel to each other in the vertical direction and are respectively fixedly connected to the outer side of the movable plate and an inner side of the frame; the two linkage members are arranged parallel to each other, with the two ends of one linkage member hinged to the upper ends of the two connecting members, and the two ends of the other linkage member hinged to the lower ends of the two connecting members. The drive mechanism is connected to the linkage located at the upper end via a transmission assembly.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the two linkage components are defined as an upper linkage component and a lower linkage component, respectively; The drive mechanism further includes a first drive source located near the base plate of the frame; the transmission assembly includes a transmission rod, a swing arm, and a bearing connecting rod. The transmission rod is perpendicular to the upper linkage and one end of it is fixedly connected to the upper linkage. The swing arm is fixed on the transmission shaft of the first drive source. The two ends of the bearing connecting rod are rotatably connected to the transmission rod and the swing arm respectively through spherical bearings.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, a U-shaped limiting bracket is provided on the inner side of the frame near the top of the first drive source. The limiting bracket is inclined upward from the inside out. The end of the transmission rod away from the upper linkage is movably inserted into the limiting bracket.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the linkage mechanism is configured with two sets, and the two sets of linkage mechanisms are arranged opposite to each other on the two inner sides of the frame and connected to the two ends of the movable plate in the lateral direction; The two upper linkage components are connected by an intermediate linkage rod.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the two connecting members are defined as a first connecting member and a second connecting member, respectively. The first connecting member is fixed to the frame, and the second connecting member is fixed to the movable plate. The two ends where the upper linkage is hinged to the first connecting member and the second connecting member are defined as the upper hinge end and the lower hinge end, respectively. One end of the transmission rod is located near the lower hinge end, and the two ends of the intermediate linkage are located near the upper hinge end, respectively.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the stem conveying unit includes a conveying trough arranged laterally below the discharge port, and a second driving source for driving the conveying trough to reciprocate laterally. The end of the conveying trough away from the second driving source is provided with a stem discharge port.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the output shaft of the second drive source is connected to an eccentric wheel, and the eccentric wheel is hinged to the bottom of the conveying trough via a crank.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, two sets of guide swing members are provided between the conveying trough and the bottom plate of the frame. The two sets of guide swing members are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the bottom of the conveying trough. The upper end of each set of guide swing members is hinged to the bottom of the conveying trough, and the lower end is hinged to the bottom plate of the frame.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the frame has movable openings at both ends of the conveying trough in the lateral direction, and the two ends of the conveying trough are movably inserted through the movable openings.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: by setting a linkage drive unit to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure channel, the upward airflow speed is changed, thus optimizing the stem sorting effect; at the same time, the drive mechanism directly drives the linkage mechanism connected to the movable plate, resulting in a fast response speed; in addition, the stem conveying unit can quickly determine the amount of stems, thereby improving air separation efficiency and ensuring product quality stability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the negative pressure channel in this practical application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the frame of this utility model without a support plate on one side; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of this utility model; Figure 5 This utility model Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0017] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the following explanations are provided: 1. Frame; 10. Movable port; 2. Negative pressure channel; 20. Fixed plate; 21. Movable plate; 22. Material discharge port; 3. Linkage drive unit; 31. Linkage mechanism; 311. Upper linkage component; 312. Lower linkage component; 313. Intermediate linkage rod; 314. First connecting component; 315. Second connecting component; 32. Drive mechanism; 321. Transmission assembly; 3211. Transmission rod; 3212. Swing arm; 3213. Bearing connecting rod; 3214. Spherical bearing; 322. First drive source; 4. Skewer conveying unit; 40. Conveying trough; 401. Skewer discharge port; 41. Second drive source; 411. Eccentric wheel; 412. Crank; 42. Guide swing component; 5. Limiting bracket; 6. Gas distribution chamber; 7. Roller. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The preferred embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] See Figure 1 This invention provides a self-adjusting device for stem and filament air separation, which is applied to the secondary air separation process of a stem and filament separation system. Its working principle is to automatically adjust the cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure channel of the air separation, thereby changing the speed of the upward airflow within the negative pressure channel and thus adjusting the separation effect of the stems and filaments in the secondary separation.

[0020] The specific adjustment method involves automatically adjusting the airflow velocity in the negative pressure channel based on the ratio of tobacco stems to shreds falling into the stem feeding unit. When the shred content in the detected stem material (a mixture of tobacco stems and shreds) falling into the stem feeding unit is ≤5%, the cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure channel is increased to reduce the airflow velocity, allowing some shreds to fall into the detected stem material; when the shred content is >5%, the cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure channel is decreased to increase the airflow velocity, causing the shreds to be separated upwards.

[0021] Here's an explanation of the principle behind the tobacco stem separation: it utilizes the different suspension velocities of different materials to achieve separation. Due to the difference in suspension velocity between the stems and other debris and the tobacco shreds in the airflow, the lighter tobacco shreds can be conveyed into the fluidized bed by the airflow, while the slightly heavier stems will fall into the stem conveying unit.

[0022] See Figure 2 The formation of the negative pressure channel is explained as follows: The horizontal arrow indicates the direction of the air jet ejected from the nozzle of the air distribution chamber. The entire channel below the nozzle forms a negative pressure space (i.e., negative pressure channel 2), thereby generating an upward airflow. This upward airflow (indicated by the upward arrow in the figure) sorts the tobacco stems thrown out by the roller 7. The lighter tobacco shreds are fed into the fluidized bed with the upward airflow, while the slightly heavier tobacco stems fall downward into the conveying trough.

[0023] See Figures 1 to 5This utility model provides an embodiment of a stem separation self-adjusting device, including a frame 1, and a negative pressure channel 2, a linkage drive unit 3, and a stem conveying unit 4 disposed on the frame 1. The negative pressure channel 2 consists of two opposing fixed plates 20 and a movable plate 21, with a discharge port 22 at its bottom and a tobacco outlet at its top. The tobacco outlet is connected to the fluidized bed of the stem separation system to convey the separated tobacco to the fluidized bed. The linkage drive unit 3 includes a linkage mechanism 31 connected to the movable plate 21 and a drive mechanism 32 for driving the linkage mechanism 31 to move the movable plate 21 closer to or away from the fixed plate 20, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure channel. The stem conveying unit 4 is located below the discharge port 22 and is connected to a stem collector (such as a funnel). It receives the separated stems falling from the discharge port and conveys them to the stem collector, achieving unified collection of stems and facilitating the inspection of the stem quantity ratio.

[0024] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism 31 adopts a parallelogram structure, which consists of two connecting members and two linkage members that are interlocked and hinged at both ends. For ease of subsequent description, these two connecting members are defined as the first connecting member 314 and the second connecting member 315, respectively. Both connecting members are long, rigid components made of high-strength metal materials to ensure sufficient strength and rigidity during long-term use and to prevent deformation. The two connecting members are arranged parallel to each other in the vertical direction. Specifically, the first connecting member 314 is fixedly installed on one inner side of the frame 1, and the second connecting member 315 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the movable plate 21, with its installation position corresponding to that of the first connecting member 314, ensuring that the two connecting members remain parallel in the vertical direction.

[0025] Meanwhile, the two linkage components are defined as upper linkage component 311 and lower linkage component 312, respectively. Both linkage components are also elongated structures, made of the same material as the connecting components. The two linkage components are arranged parallel to each other. Specifically, the two ends of the upper linkage component 311 are hinged to the upper ends of the first connecting component 314 and the second connecting component 315, respectively, via hinges. The hinges are precision bearing hinges, which are flexible in rotation and have low friction, ensuring smooth and unobstructed rotation of the upper linkage component 311 and reducing energy loss. The two ends of the lower linkage component 312 are also hinged to the lower ends of the first connecting component 314 and the second connecting component 315, respectively, via the same type of hinges, thus forming a complete parallelogram structure.

[0026] In other words, in linkage mechanism 31, the distance between the two connecting parts can be changed by adjusting the included angle between the linkage and the connecting parts. This change in distance will further drive the movable plate to move, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure channel. The movable plate's placement in the wire separation system allows it to move slightly up and down. This linkage mechanism adopts a quadrilateral structure, which maintains relative stability in geometry when subjected to external forces, making it less prone to deformation. This ensures that each component maintains accurate position and angle, guaranteeing the precision of the entire mechanism's operation. Furthermore, the quadrilateral linkage structure is relatively simple, making it easy to disassemble and install, reducing maintenance difficulty, and effectively saving time and labor costs.

[0027] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism 31 can achieve automatic extension and retraction under the drive of the drive mechanism 32. The drive mechanism 32 mainly consists of a first drive source 322 and a transmission assembly. The first drive source is a stable and precisely controlled oscillating voice coil motor. This motor establishes a transmission connection with the upper linkage 311 through the transmission assembly 321. During operation, the motor transmits the driving force generated to the upper linkage 311, which, under the action of the driving force, drives the first connecting member 314 to move in coordination, ultimately driving the entire linkage mechanism to achieve the expected extension and retraction movement.

[0028] Specifically, the transmission assembly 321 includes a transmission rod 3211, a swing arm 3212, and a bearing connecting rod 3213. The transmission rod 3211 is perpendicular to the upper linkage member 311, and one end of the transmission rod 3211 is fixedly connected to the upper linkage member 311. The swing arm 3212 is fixed on the transmission shaft of the first drive source 322 and swings synchronously with the rotation of the transmission shaft. The two ends of the bearing connecting rod 3213 are rotatably connected to the transmission rod 3211 and the swing arm 3212 respectively through spherical bearings 3214, thereby transmitting the swinging power of the motor to the upper linkage member.

[0029] Furthermore, a U-shaped limiting bracket 5 is provided on the inner side of the frame 1 near the first drive source 322. The limiting bracket 5 is inclined upwards and outwards, and the end of the transmission rod 3211 away from the upper linkage 311 is movably inserted into the limiting bracket 5. The limiting bracket is designed to prevent excessive movement of the transmission rod when a component fails, thus ensuring the safety and stability of the entire mechanism.

[0030] Furthermore, in this embodiment, two sets of linkage mechanisms 31 are configured. These two sets of linkage mechanisms 31 are positioned opposite each other on the inner sides of the frame 1 and connected to the two transverse ends of the movable plate 21, thereby ensuring that the movable plate achieves balanced and stable movement during operation. The two upper linkage members 311 are connected by an intermediate linkage rod 313 to ensure that the two linkage mechanisms can move synchronously. The two ends of the intermediate linkage rod 313 are respectively positioned close to the upper hinge end, ensuring direct force transmission, minimizing resistance during movement, and improving the efficiency and stability of the device operation.

[0031] Furthermore, the stem conveying unit 4 includes a conveying trough 40 arranged laterally below the discharge port 22, and a second drive source 41 for driving the conveying trough 40 to reciprocate laterally. A stem discharge port 401 is provided at the end of the conveying trough 40 away from the second drive source 41 so that the stems are automatically discharged during the oscillation of the conveying trough 40. The second drive source 41 is a servo motor, and its output shaft is connected to an eccentric wheel 411. The eccentric wheel 411 is hinged to the bottom of the conveying trough 40 through a crank 412, thereby converting the rotational motion of the servo motor into the reciprocating oscillation of the conveying trough 40.

[0032] Furthermore, to ensure the stability of the oscillation of the conveying trough 40, two sets of guide oscillating members 42 are provided between the conveying trough 40 and the bottom plate of the frame 1. The two sets of guide oscillating members 42 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the bottom of the conveying trough 40. The upper end of each set of guide oscillating members 42 is hinged to the bottom of the conveying trough 40, and the lower end is hinged to the bottom plate of the frame 1, forming a stable support and guiding structure.

[0033] In addition, the frame 1 has movable openings 10 at both ends of the conveying trough 40 in the lateral direction, and the two ends of the conveying trough 40 are movably inserted through the movable openings 10. This ensures the swing space of the conveying trough 40 and provides conditions for docking between the stem discharge port 401 and the stem collector (such as a funnel).

[0034] It should be noted that, in order to achieve the automatic adjustment function of the cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure channel, the first drive source needs to be connected to the control system (such as the PLC program of the stem-separation system). Through this connection, the control system can precisely control the automatic on / off operation of the first drive source according to a preset program or real-time monitoring data, thereby achieving automatic adjustment of the cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure channel. It should be pointed out that connecting the drive source to the control system to achieve automatic control is a conventional technical means in this field. Furthermore, since the control system is not the core inventive point of this application, it is not described in detail in this application document.

[0035] In summary, the stem-seed air-separating self-adjusting device provided by this utility model optimizes the stem-seed sorting effect by setting a linkage drive unit to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure channel and thus changing the upward airflow speed. At the same time, the drive mechanism directly drives the linkage mechanism connected to the movable plate, resulting in a fast response speed. In addition, the stem-stripping unit can quickly determine the amount of stems, thereby improving air-separation efficiency and ensuring product quality stability.

[0036] Many specific details have been set forth in the above description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model, and this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed above. Furthermore, any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of this utility model using the methods and techniques disclosed above, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model, without departing from the content of the technical solution of this utility model, shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A self-regulating device for adjusting the air distribution of stem strands, characterized in that, Comprising: a frame (1); a negative pressure channel (2) arranged on the frame (1), comprising two oppositely arranged fixed plates (20), a movable plate (21), and a discharge opening (22) arranged at the bottom; a connecting rod driving unit (3), comprising a connecting rod mechanism (31) connected to the movable plate (21), and a driving mechanism (32) configured to drive the connecting rod mechanism (31) to drive the movable plate (21) to move towards or away from the fixed plate (20); a stem conveying unit (4) arranged below the discharge opening (22) and configured to receive and convey separated stems.

2. The self-adjusting device for stem air distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod mechanism (31) is a parallelogram structure formed by two connecting pieces and two linking pieces which are mutually staggered and hinged end to end, the two connecting pieces are arranged in parallel along a vertical direction, and are respectively fixedly connected to an outer side surface of the movable plate (21) and an inner side surface of the frame (1); the two linking pieces are arranged in parallel with each other, two ends of one linking piece are hinged to upper ends of the two connecting pieces, and two ends of the other linking piece are hinged to lower ends of the two connecting pieces; The driving mechanism (32) is in transmission connection with the linking piece located at the upper end through a transmission assembly (321).

3. The self-adjusting device for stem air distribution according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two linking pieces are defined as an upper linking piece (311) and a lower linking piece (312) respectively; The driving mechanism (32) further comprises a first driving source (322) arranged close to a bottom plate of the frame (1); the transmission assembly (321) comprises a transmission rod (3211), a swing arm (3212) and a bearing connecting rod (3213), the transmission rod (3211) is perpendicular to the upper linking piece (311) and one end thereof is fixedly connected with the upper linking piece (311), the swing arm (3212) is fixedly arranged on a transmission shaft of the first driving source (322), and two ends of the bearing connecting rod (3213) are respectively rotatably connected with the transmission rod (3211) and the swing arm (3212) through joint bearings (3214).

4. The self-adjusting device for stem air distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that: A U-shaped limiting bracket (5) is arranged on an inner side surface of the frame (1) close to the upper part of the first driving source (322), the limiting bracket (5) is obliquely arranged from inside to outside and upwards, One end of the transmission rod (3211) away from the upper linking piece (311) is movably penetrated in the limiting bracket (5).

5. The self-adjusting device for stem air distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two groups of the connecting rod mechanisms (31) are provided, the two groups of connecting rod mechanisms (31) are oppositely arranged on two inner sides of the frame (1) and connected to two transverse ends of the movable plate (21); The two upper linking pieces (311) are connected through an intermediate linking rod (313).

6. The self-adjusting device for stem air distribution according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two connecting pieces are defined as a first connecting piece (314) and a second connecting piece (315) respectively, the first connecting piece (314) is fixedly arranged on the frame (1), and the second connecting piece (315) is fixedly arranged on the movable plate (21); The two ends of the upper linkage (311) hinged to the first connector (314) and the second connector (315) are respectively defined as the upper hinge end and the lower hinge end. One end of the transmission rod (3211) is set close to the lower hinge end, and the two ends of the intermediate linkage rod (313) are respectively set close to the upper hinge end.

7. The self-adjusting device for stem air distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stem delivery unit (4) includes a delivery trough (40) arranged laterally below the discharge port (22) and a second drive source (41) for driving the delivery trough (40) to swing back and forth laterally. The end of the delivery trough (40) away from the second drive source (41) is provided with a stem outlet (401).

8. The self-adjusting device for stem air distribution according to claim 7, characterized in that: The output shaft of the second drive source (41) is connected to an eccentric wheel (411), which is hinged to the bottom of the conveying trough (40) via a crank (412).

9. The self-adjusting device for stem air distribution according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two sets of guide swing members (42) are provided between the conveying trough (40) and the bottom plate of the frame (1). The two sets of guide swing members (42) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the bottom of the conveying trough (40). The upper end of each set of guide swing members (42) is hinged to the bottom of the conveying trough (40), and the lower end is hinged to the bottom plate of the frame (1).

10. The self-adjusting device for stem air distribution according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frame (1) has movable openings (10) at both ends of the conveying trough (40) in the horizontal direction, and the two ends of the conveying trough (40) are movably inserted through the movable openings (10).

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