Quickly detachable fixing device for forming lower die of pressure vessel head
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521756495.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-08-18
AI Technical Summary
[0004]本实用新型的目的在于提供一种可快速拆装的压力容器封头成型下模支堆固定装置，以解决上述背景技术中提出的现有固定机构多采用单螺栓定位或卡扣式连接等简化结构以缩短装卸时间，然而，在封头成型过程中，下模支堆需承受高频冲击载荷与持续振动，而由于单螺栓定位难以实现力的均匀分布，在周期性载荷作用下极易出现预紧力衰减，导致支堆与基础结构间产生间隙，而卡扣式连接虽装卸便捷，但卡扣与卡槽的配合面在振动摩擦中易产生磨损，导致连接刚度下降，同样无法维持稳定的预紧力，从而导致支堆在冲击与振动中产生非预期位移，破坏下模的定位精度，导致封头成型尺寸偏差、表面出现压痕或褶皱等缺陷，进而不仅缩短支堆与固定机构的使用寿命，更可能因支堆突然失稳引发设备故障，对生产安全构成潜在威胁问题
定位减振组件通过外锥台与内锥台的配合、菱形销穿过通孔的设计，能对下模支堆的连接架实现精准定位，确保安装位置的准确性，而外层减振垫、内层减振垫及减振垫圈的多重设置，可有效减少安装及工作过程中的振动传递，降低振动对装置的影响，提升整体稳定性，快速拆装自锁组件通过偏心轮与摩擦套的配合形成初步自锁，插销利用结构尺寸形成物理阻挡，能有效防止偏心轮因振动等干扰意外滑动，确保其始终对摩擦套保持压力，维持自锁状态的稳定性，保证下模支堆固定的可靠性，拆卸时仅需拔出插销解除限制、反向转动偏心轮即可，操作步骤简单，实现了下模支堆的快速拆装，便于后续维护或更换。
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Figure CN224794456U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pressure vessel manufacturing technology, specifically to a pressure vessel head forming lower mold support and fixing device that can be quickly disassembled and assembled. Background Technology
[0002] In the forming process of pressure vessel heads, the lower mold support and fixing device is a key auxiliary structure used to support and fix the lower mold. Its core function is to ensure the stability and reliability of the lower mold during the forming process, and to avoid displacement or deformation due to factors such as force and vibration, thereby ensuring the forming accuracy and processing safety of the head.
[0003] Existing fixing mechanisms mostly adopt simplified structures such as single-bolt positioning or snap-fit connections to shorten loading and unloading time. However, during the head forming process, the lower mold support stack needs to withstand high-frequency impact loads and continuous vibration. Since single-bolt positioning is difficult to achieve uniform force distribution, preload decay is prone to occur under periodic loads, resulting in gaps between the support stack and the foundation structure. Although snap-fit connections are convenient to install and remove, the mating surfaces of the snap and the slot are prone to wear during vibration and friction, leading to a decrease in connection stiffness. Similarly, it is impossible to maintain a stable preload, which causes the support stack to undergo unexpected displacement during impact and vibration, damaging the positioning accuracy of the lower mold. This results in defects such as head forming dimensional deviations, surface indentations, or wrinkles. Consequently, it not only shortens the service life of the support stack and fixing mechanism but may also cause equipment failure due to sudden instability of the support stack, posing a potential threat to production safety. Therefore, we propose a quick-disassembly and assembly fixing device for the lower mold support stack of pressure vessel head forming. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a quick-assembly and disassembly fixing device for the lower mold support stack in pressure vessel head forming. This addresses the problem mentioned in the background art, where existing fixing mechanisms often employ simplified structures such as single-bolt positioning or snap-fit connections to shorten assembly and disassembly time. However, during head forming, the lower mold support stack must withstand high-frequency impact loads and continuous vibrations. Single-bolt positioning makes it difficult to achieve uniform force distribution, and under periodic loads, preload decay is easily observed, leading to gaps between the support stack and the foundation structure. While snap-fit connections are convenient for assembly and disassembly, the mating surfaces of the snap and slot are prone to wear during vibration and friction, resulting in decreased connection stiffness and an inability to maintain stable preload. Consequently, the support stack experiences unexpected displacement during impact and vibration, compromising the positioning accuracy of the lower mold and causing defects such as head forming dimensional deviations, surface indentations, or wrinkles. This not only shortens the service life of the support stack and fixing mechanism but may also lead to equipment failure due to sudden instability of the support stack, posing a potential threat to production safety.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a quick-release and detachable pressure vessel head forming lower mold support fixing device, including a base, a quick-release and detachable self-locking component at the top of the base, a positioning and vibration damping component at the bottom of the quick-release and detachable self-locking component, an inner cone fixedly installed inside the base, and a lower mold support stack on one side of the quick-release and detachable self-locking component, the lower mold support stack being the support structure for the pressure vessel head forming lower mold.
[0006] The quick-release self-locking assembly includes a connecting frame, which is fixedly installed on the outside of the lower mold support stack, and a limiting frame is fixedly installed inside the connecting frame.
[0007] The limiting frame is externally fixedly equipped with a friction sleeve. The friction sleeve and the connecting frame are slidably connected by two pins through the through holes inside. The top of the base is fixedly equipped with a first threaded rod. The external thread of the first threaded rod is connected to an eccentric wheel. The size of the groove at the bottom of the eccentric wheel is the same as the size of the friction sleeve.
[0008] Among them, the friction sleeve, the pin, the first threaded rod and the eccentric wheel are all symmetrically arranged in twos about the longitudinal center axis of the connecting frame, and the height of the non-axis area of the pin is higher than the height of the groove set at the bottom of the eccentric wheel.
[0009] The positioning vibration damping component includes an outer cone, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame. An outer layer vibration damping pad is fixedly installed on the outside of the outer cone, and an inner layer vibration damping pad is fixedly installed inside the outer cone. The outside of the inner cone is slidably connected to the inner layer vibration damping pad.
[0010] The outer damping pad is slidably connected in a groove inside the base. The base is threadedly connected to a second threaded rod through a threaded hole inside the base. A diamond pin is fixedly installed on the top of the second threaded rod, and a damping washer is fixedly installed on the bottom of the diamond pin. The damping washer is in contact with the base, and the connecting frame is slidably connected to the diamond pin through a through hole at its bottom.
[0011] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: The positioning and vibration damping assembly, through the cooperation of the outer and inner cones and the design of the diamond pin passing through the through hole, can accurately position the connecting frame of the lower mold support stack, ensuring the accuracy of the installation position. The multiple settings of the outer damping pad, inner damping pad, and damping washer effectively reduce the transmission of vibration during installation and operation, reduce the impact of vibration on the device, and improve the overall stability. The quick-release self-locking assembly forms a preliminary self-lock through the cooperation of the eccentric wheel and the friction sleeve. The pin uses the structural dimensions to form a physical block, which can effectively prevent the eccentric wheel from accidentally sliding due to vibration and other interference, ensuring that it always maintains pressure on the friction sleeve, maintains the stability of the self-locking state, and ensures the reliability of the lower mold support stack fixation. Disassembly only requires pulling out the pin to release the restriction and rotating the eccentric wheel in the opposite direction. The operation steps are simple, realizing the quick disassembly and assembly of the lower mold support stack, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance or replacement. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded three-dimensional structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the quick-release self-locking component of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning and vibration damping component of this utility model; Figure 5 This is an enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of point A of this utility model.
[0013] In the diagram: 1. Lower mold support; 2. Base; 3. Quick-release self-locking assembly; 31. Connecting frame; 32. First threaded rod; 33. Eccentric wheel; 34. Limiting frame; 35. Friction sleeve; 36. Pin; 4. Positioning and vibration damping assembly; 41. Diamond pin; 42. Vibration damping washer; 43. Second threaded rod; 44. Outer vibration damping pad; 45. Outer cone; 46. Inner vibration damping pad; 5. Inner cone. Detailed Implementation
[0014] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0015] Please see Figures 1 to 5This utility model provides a technical solution: a quick-release and detachable pressure vessel head forming lower mold support stack fixing device, including a base 2, a quick-release and detachable self-locking component 3 is provided on the top of the base 2, a positioning and vibration damping component 4 is provided at the bottom of the quick-release and detachable self-locking component 3, an inner cone 5 is fixedly installed inside the base 2, and a lower mold support stack 1 is provided on one side of the quick-release and detachable self-locking component 3.
[0016] The quick-release self-locking assembly 3 includes a connecting frame 31, which is fixedly installed on the outside of the lower mold support 1. A limiting frame 34 is fixedly installed inside the connecting frame 31, and a friction sleeve 35 is fixedly installed on the outside of the limiting frame 34. The friction sleeve 35 and the connecting frame 31 are slidably connected by two pins 36 through through holes inside. A first threaded rod 32 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 2, and an eccentric wheel 33 is threadedly connected to the outside of the first threaded rod 32. The size of the groove at the bottom of the eccentric wheel 33 is the same as the size of the friction sleeve 35. The friction sleeve 35, pins 36, first threaded rod 32, and eccentric wheel 33 are all related to the connecting frame. Two pins 36 are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal central axis of symmetry. The height of the non-axis region of the pin 36 is higher than the height of the groove at the bottom of the eccentric wheel 33. When the eccentric wheel 33 and the friction sleeve 35 are in the best fit, the pin 36 is inserted. The structural dimension of the non-axis region of the pin 36 being higher than the height of the groove at the bottom of the eccentric wheel 33 forms a physical barrier, restricting the eccentric wheel 33 from sliding accidentally and preventing its groove from disengaging from the friction sleeve 35, thus ensuring the stability of the self-locking state. When disassembling, the pin 36 must be pulled out first to release the restriction, and then the eccentric wheel 33 is rotated in the opposite direction to disengage its groove from the friction sleeve 35, achieving quick disassembly and assembly and ensuring the reliability of the lower mold support stack 1.
[0017] The positioning vibration damping component 4 includes an outer cone 45, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame 31. An outer vibration damping pad 44 is fixedly installed on the outside of the outer cone 45, and an inner vibration damping pad 46 is fixedly installed inside the outer cone 45. The outside of the inner cone 45 is slidably connected to the inner vibration damping pad 46. The outer vibration damping pad 44 is slidably connected in a groove provided inside the base 2. The base 2 is threadedly connected to a second threaded rod 43 through a threaded hole provided inside it. A diamond-shaped pin 41 is fixedly installed on the top of the second threaded rod 43. A vibration damping washer 42 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the base 1. The vibration damping washer 42 is in contact with the base 2. The connecting frame 31 is slidably connected to the diamond pin 41 through the through hole at its bottom, and is threadedly connected to the base 2 through the second threaded rod 43. After tightening, the connecting frame 31 is fixed to the base 2. At the same time, the inner layer vibration damping pad 46 inside the outer cone 45, the outer layer vibration damping pad 44 outside, and the vibration damping washer 42 can reduce the vibration transmission during installation and operation, and finally achieve stable positioning, fixation and vibration damping of the lower mold support 1 on the base 2.
[0018] During installation, first, place the connecting frame 31 of the lower mold support 1 on the base 2, so that the outer cone 45 at the bottom of the connecting frame 31 fits over the inner cone 5 fixedly installed inside the base 2. At this time, the inner damping pad 46 inside the outer cone 45 slides in contact with the inner cone 5, and the outer damping pad 44 outside the outer cone 45 slides in the groove provided inside the base 2. At the same time, it is connected to the base 2 by the threaded second threaded rod 43. Tighten the second threaded rod 43 so that the diamond pin 41 accurately positions the connecting frame 31. Then, pass the diamond pin 41 through the through hole provided at the bottom of the connecting frame 31, and the damping washer 42 contacts the base 2, which can reduce the vibration transmission during installation and operation. After positioning is completed, first rotate the eccentric wheel 33 outside the first threaded rod 32 so that the groove at the bottom of the eccentric wheel 33 completely fits the friction sleeve 35 area. At this time, the eccentric wheel 33 forms a stable pressure on the friction sleeve 35. Initially, it self-locks. Then, it is inserted when the eccentric wheel 33 and the friction sleeve 35 are in the best fit. Since the height of the non-axis area of the pin 36 is higher than the height of the bottom groove of the eccentric wheel 33, and the pin 36 is located in the corresponding area of the groove of the eccentric wheel 33 and the friction sleeve 35, it will form a physical block. Here, the structural size of the pin 36 is used to limit the accidental sliding of the eccentric wheel 33, effectively preventing the eccentric wheel 33 from disengaging from the friction sleeve 35 due to vibration and other interference during the operation of the device. This avoids the displacement of the groove from the friction sleeve 35 area, thereby ensuring that the eccentric wheel 33 always maintains pressure on the friction sleeve 35, maintaining the stability of the self-locking state, and ultimately ensuring the reliability of the lower mold support stack 1. When disassembling, the pin 36 must be pulled out first to release the restriction on the eccentric wheel 33, and then the eccentric wheel 33 is rotated in the opposite direction to make its groove disengage from the friction sleeve 35. The subsequent steps are the same as before, realizing quick disassembly and assembly.
[0019] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0020] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A quick-assembly and detachable pressure vessel head forming lower mold support and fixing device, comprising a base, characterized in that: The base is provided with a quick-release self-locking assembly at the top, a positioning and vibration damping assembly at the bottom of the quick-release self-locking assembly, an inner cone fixedly installed inside the base, and a lower mold support stack on one side of the quick-release self-locking assembly.
2. The quick-assembly and detachable pressure vessel head forming lower mold support and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-release self-locking assembly includes a connecting frame, which is fixedly installed on the outside of the lower mold support stack, and a limiting frame is fixedly installed inside the connecting frame.
3. The quick-assembly and detachable pressure vessel head forming lower mold support and fixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A friction sleeve is fixedly installed on the outside of the limiting frame. The friction sleeve and the connecting frame are slidably connected by two pins through through holes inside. A first threaded rod is fixedly installed on the top of the base. An eccentric wheel is threadedly connected to the outside of the first threaded rod. The size of the groove at the bottom of the eccentric wheel is the same as the size of the friction sleeve.
4. The quick-assembly and detachable pressure vessel head forming lower mold support and fixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The friction sleeve, pin, first threaded rod, and eccentric wheel are all symmetrically arranged in twos about the longitudinal center axis of the connecting frame. The height of the non-axis area of the pin is higher than the height of the groove provided at the bottom of the eccentric wheel.
5. The quick-assembly and detachable pressure vessel head forming lower mold support and fixing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning and vibration damping assembly includes an outer cone, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame. An outer vibration damping pad is fixedly installed on the outside of the outer cone, and an inner vibration damping pad is fixedly installed inside the outer cone. The outside of the inner cone is slidably connected to the inner vibration damping pad.
6. The quick-assembly and detachable pressure vessel head forming lower mold support and fixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer damping pad is slidably connected in a groove inside the base. The base is threadedly connected to a second threaded rod through a threaded hole inside it. A diamond-shaped pin is fixedly installed on the top of the second threaded rod, and a damping washer is fixedly installed on the bottom of the diamond-shaped pin. The damping washer is in contact with the base. The connecting frame is slidably connected to the diamond-shaped pin through a through hole at its bottom.