A laser bevel pipe cutting machine for reducing tailings

Abstract

The utility model relates to pipe cutting technology field discloses a laser bevel pipe cutting machine that reduces tail material, including bed body, set up on the front end of bed body's front chuck structure and laser cutting structure, the rear chuck structure that can reciprocate along the length direction of bed body, and multiple groups set up in the center follow -up mechanism and the variable diameter wheel support mechanism on bed body, be equipped with Y axle guide rail and Y axle rack on the bed body, when cutting tail material, not only the front chuck structure realizes transverse avoidance through the variable position air cylinder, moreover change is only by rear chuck's main shaft type inside support chuck clamping pipe tail, and main shaft type inside support chuck can penetrate into the clamping middle hole of hollow chuck, makes pipe tail end can be processed to be closer to the cutting position of laser cutting head, and tail material length can reach 80mm minimum, greatly reduces tail material length, remarkably reduces raw material loss, and improves the utilization of pipe material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pipe cutting technology, and in particular to a laser beveling pipe cutting machine that reduces tailings. Background Technology

[0002] In modern manufacturing, the demand for pipe processing is increasing. Laser beveling and cutting machines, as efficient and precise pipe processing equipment, are widely used in many fields. They can perform high-precision cutting and beveling of pipes, meeting the stringent quality and precision requirements of various industries. Currently, most common laser beveling and pipe cutting machines employ a dual-chuck clamping system consisting of a front chuck and a rear chuck to secure and transport the pipe. During the cutting process, the front and rear chucks work together to ensure the stability and accuracy of the pipe during cutting. However, when the pipe reaches the tail section, the existing dual-chuck clamping method reveals significant shortcomings. If the pipe continues to be clamped by the front chuck, due to the limitations of its structure and clamping method, a considerable length of the pipe tail will be held by the front chuck, resulting in excessively long tail material. This situation not only causes significant material waste and increases production costs but also reduces the utilization rate of raw materials. It is evident that existing technologies still need improvement and enhancement. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a laser beveling pipe cutting machine that reduces tail material, which aims to use only the rear chuck structure to clamp the pipe when cutting the tail section, thereby reducing the amount of tail material.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A laser beveling and pipe cutting machine for reducing waste material includes a bed, a front chuck structure and a laser cutting structure mounted on the front end of the bed, a rear chuck structure that can reciprocate along the length of the bed, and multiple sets of centering follow-up mechanisms and variable diameter wheel support mechanisms mounted on the bed. The bed is equipped with a Y-axis guide rail and a Y-axis rack. The laser cutting structure includes a vertical plate fixed to one end of the bed, a Z-axis slide plate that slides vertically on the vertical plate, a Z-axis drive mechanism for driving the Z-axis slide plate, an X-axis slide block that slides horizontally on the Z-axis slide plate, an X-axis drive mechanism for driving the X-axis slide block, an A-axis rotary table mounted on one end face of the X-axis slide block, and a laser cutting head mounted on the A-axis rotary table via a mounting bracket. The front chuck structure includes a Y-axis guide rail and a Y-axis rack. The rear chuck structure includes a first side slide plate slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail, a hollow chuck mounted on the first side slide plate, and a displacement cylinder fixed to the bed. The axis of the displacement cylinder extends along the Y-axis, and the piston rod end of the displacement cylinder is fixedly connected to the back of the first side slide plate. The displacement cylinder is used to drive the first side slide plate to move laterally, so that the hollow chuck moves closer to or away from the laser cutting head. The rear chuck structure includes a second side slide plate slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail, a spindle-type inner support chuck mounted on the second side slide plate, a first drive motor mounted on the spindle-type inner support chuck, and a first gear mounted on the output end of the first drive motor. The first gear meshes with the Y-axis rack for transmission. The rotating spindle and inner support jaws of the spindle-type inner support chuck can pass through the clamping hole of the hollow chuck.

[0005] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the hollow chuck includes a front chuck seat, a rotating disk, a rotating disk drive device, and a roller claw assembly fixed on a first side slide plate. The rotating disk has a clamping hole and is mounted on the front chuck seat. The rotating disk drive device is used to drive the rotating disk to rotate. The roller claw assembly is mounted on the front side of the rotating disk.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the spindle-type internal support chuck includes a rear chuck seat fixed on the second side slide, a rotating spindle, a rotating spindle drive device, and an internal support jaw. The rotating spindle is installed on one side of the rear chuck seat, the rotating spindle drive device is used to drive the rotating spindle to rotate, and the internal support jaw is installed at the front end of the rotating spindle.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the clamping hole is square and the cross-section of the rotating spindle is circular.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the variable diameter wheel support mechanism includes a fixed seat, a first lifting cylinder facing upward on the fixed seat, a receiving frame driven and connected to the first lifting cylinder, a support shaft fixed on the receiving frame, a variable diameter wheel rotatably mounted on the support shaft, and a locking structure for fixing and locking the variable diameter wheel. The fixed seat is fixed to the support frame by a vertical first mounting plate.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the centering follow-up mechanism includes a T-shaped plate, two clamping blocks that are symmetrically arranged on the T-shaped plate and slidably disposed thereon, a clamping drive cylinder for driving the two clamping blocks to move closer or further apart from each other, and a lifting assembly for driving the T-shaped plate to move up and down.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the bed is equipped with a vacuum cleaner located below the laser cutting head.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the Z-axis drive mechanism includes a Z-axis drive motor disposed on the top of the vertical plate, a first lead screw extending vertically and drivenly connected to the output end of the Z-axis drive motor, and a first lead screw nut fitted on the first lead screw, wherein the first lead screw nut is fixedly connected to the back of the Z-axis slide.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the X-axis drive mechanism includes an X-axis drive motor mounted on an X-axis slide, a second lead screw extending laterally and drivenly connected to the output end of the X-axis drive motor, and a second lead screw nut fitted on the second lead screw, wherein the second lead screw nut is fixedly connected to the back of the X-axis slide.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the laser beveling pipe cutting machine provided by this utility model not only achieves lateral avoidance of the front chuck structure through the displacement cylinder when cutting the tail material, but also changes to only clamp the tail of the pipe by the spindle-type inner support chuck of the rear chuck. The spindle-type inner support chuck can be inserted into the clamping hole of the hollow chuck, so that the tail of the pipe can be processed to a position closer to the cutting position of the laser cutting head. The tail material length can be as short as 80mm, which greatly reduces the tail material length, significantly reduces raw material loss, and improves the utilization rate of the pipe. It is especially suitable for processing high-value pipe materials (such as stainless steel pipes and alloy pipes), and the raw material cost saving effect is more prominent. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser beveling and pipe cutting machine provided by this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of region A in the middle.

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of region B in the middle.

[0017] Figure 4 Illustration of clamping pipes with a laser beveling and cutting machine Figure 1 .

[0018] Figure 5 Illustration of clamping pipes with a laser beveling and cutting machine Figure 2 .

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of region C.

[0020] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of region D in the middle.

[0021] Key component symbols: 1-Bed, 11-Y-axis guide rail, 12-Y-axis rack, 2-Front chuck structure, 21-First side slide, 22-Hollow chuck, 221-Front chuck seat, 222-Rotary disk, 223-Rotary disk drive device, 224-Drum jaw assembly, 225-Clamping center hole, 23-Positioning cylinder, 3-Laser cutting structure, 31-Vertical plate, 32-Z-axis slide, 33-Z-axis drive mechanism, 34-X-axis slide, 35-X-axis drive mechanism, 36-A-axis rotary table, 37-Laser cutting head, 38-Mounting bracket, 4- 41-Second side slide plate, 42-Main shaft type internal support chuck, 421-Rear chuck seat, 422-Rotating main shaft, 423-Rotating main shaft drive device, 424-Internal support gripper, 425-Internal support block, 43-First drive motor, 5-Centering follow-up mechanism, 51-T-shaped plate, 52-Clamping block, 53-Clamping drive cylinder, 54-Lifting assembly, 6-Variable diameter wheel support mechanism, 61-Fixed seat, 62-First lifting cylinder, 63-Support frame, 64-Support shaft, 65-Variable diameter wheel, 66-Locking structure, 7-Vacuum cleaner, 8-Pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0022] This utility model provides a laser beveling pipe cutting machine that reduces waste material. To make the purpose, technical solution, and effects of this utility model clearer and more explicit, the following describes the utility model in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or a specific orientational structure and operation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this utility model provides a laser beveling pipe cutting machine for reducing waste material, including a bed 1, a front chuck structure 2 and a laser cutting structure 3 disposed on the front end of the bed 1, a rear chuck structure 4 that can reciprocate along the length of the bed 1, and multiple sets of centering follower mechanisms 5 and variable diameter wheel support mechanisms 6 disposed on the bed 1; the bed 1 is provided with a Y-axis guide rail 11 and a Y-axis rack 12, the laser cutting structure 3 includes a vertical plate 31 fixedly disposed on one end of the bed 1, a Z-axis slide plate 32 slidably disposed on the vertical plate 31, a Z-axis drive mechanism 33 for driving the Z-axis slide plate 32, an X-axis slide 34 slidably disposed on the Z-axis slide plate 32, an X-axis drive mechanism 35 for driving the X-axis slide 34, an A-axis rotary table 36 disposed on one end face of the X-axis slide 34, and a laser cutting head 37 disposed on the A-axis rotary table 36 via a mounting bracket 38, the front chuck structure 2 including a Y-axis guide rail 11 and a Y-axis rack 12 disposed on the bed 1, the laser cutting structure 3 includes a rear chuck structure 4 that can reciprocate along the length of the bed 1, and multiple sets of centering follower mechanisms 5 and variable diameter wheel support mechanisms 6 disposed on the bed 1; the bed 1 is provided with a Y-axis guide rail 11 and a Y-axis rack 12; the laser cutting structure 3 includes a vertical plate 31 fixedly disposed on one end of the bed 1, a Z-axis slide plate 32 slidably disposed on the vertical plate 31, a Z-axis drive mechanism 33 for driving the Z-axis slide plate 32, an X-axis slide block 34 slidably disposed on the Z-axis slide plate 32, an X-axis drive mechanism 3 The first side slide plate 21, a hollow chuck 22, and a displacement cylinder 23 fixed on the bed 1 are slidably connected to the axis guide rail 11. The axis of the displacement cylinder 23 extends along the Y-axis and the piston rod end of the displacement cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the back of the first side slide plate 21. The displacement cylinder 23 is used to drive the first side slide plate 21 to move laterally, so that the hollow chuck 22 is closer to or further away from the laser cutting head 37. The rear chuck structure 4 includes a second side slide plate 41 slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail 11, a spindle-type inner support chuck 42, a first drive motor 43 on the spindle-type inner support chuck 42, and a first gear on the output end of the first drive motor 43. The first gear meshes with the Y-axis rack 12 for transmission. The rotating spindle 422 and the inner support jaw 424 of the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 can pass through the clamping hole 225 of the hollow chuck 22.

[0025] When cutting the front section (non-tail portion) of pipe 8, the equipment ensures the stability of pipe 8 during high-speed, high-precision cutting through the coordinated operation of the front chuck structure 2 and the rear chuck structure 4. The specific process is as follows: In actual operation, the pipe 8 to be processed is transported to the top of the centering follower mechanism 5 via a loading rack / hoisting method / manual loading. The centering follower mechanism 5 rises and clamps the pipe 8, aligning it with the axes of the front chuck structure 2 and the rear chuck structure 4. Then, the rear chuck structure 4 moves, clamping the tail of the pipe 8 through the spindle-type internal support chuck 42. With the support of the variable diameter wheel support mechanism 6, the rear chuck structure 4 pushes the pipe 8 towards the front chuck structure 2, so that the front chuck structure 2 clamps the front end of the pipe 8 through the hollow chuck 22. At this time, the hollow chuck 22 of the front chuck structure 2 clamps the outer wall of the pipe 8 through its own clamping mechanism, and the spindle-type internal support chuck 42 of the rear chuck structure 4 supports the pipe 8 from the inner wall outward through the internal support jaws 424. During normal laser tube cutting, the hollow chuck 22 of the front chuck structure 2 is located behind the laser cutting head 37. The front chuck structure 2 and the rear chuck structure 4 work together to drive the tube 8 forward and rotate it, so that the laser cutting head 37 emits laser downward to cut the tube 8.

[0026] According to the preset cutting parameters, the Z-axis drive mechanism 33 drives the Z-axis slide plate 32 to slide up and down along the vertical plate 31, adjusting the vertical height (Z-axis direction) of the laser cutting head 37; the X-axis drive mechanism drives the X-axis slide block 34 to slide left and right along the Z-axis slide plate 32, adjusting the lateral position (X-axis direction) of the laser cutting head 37; at the same time, the A-axis turntable 36 can drive the laser cutting head 37 to rotate around the A-axis, adjusting the bevel cutting angle. During the cutting process, the first drive motor 43 of the rear chuck structure 4 starts, and the first gear at its output end meshes with the Y-axis rack on the bed 1, driving the second side slide plate 41 and the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 to move smoothly along the Y-axis guide rail, thereby driving the tube 8 to feed synchronously; the position of the hollow chuck 22 of the front chuck structure 2 remains unchanged, always working together with the rear chuck structure 4 to maintain the straightness and stability of the tube 8, ensuring that the laser cutting head 37 can accurately complete the bevel cutting operation.

[0027] When the remaining length of the tube 8 is detected to be close to the tail material threshold, the hollow chuck 22 of the front chuck structure 2 first releases its grip on the outer wall of the tube 8. Then, the displacement cylinder 23 is activated, driving the first side slide plate 21 to move laterally along the Y-axis guide rail 11. This causes the hollow chuck 22 to move further closer to the laser cutting head 37, providing space for the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 to further feed the tube 8 into the cutting area. Only the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 of the rear chuck structure 4 undertakes the task of clamping and feeding the tube 8. Since the rotating spindle 422 and the inner support jaws 424 of the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 can pass through the clamping hole 225 of the hollow chuck 22, the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 can continue to drive the tube 8 to feed towards the laser cutting head 37 until the tail end of the tube 8 approaches the processing limit position. During this process, the spindle-type internal support chuck 42 continuously supports the inner wall of the pipe 8 through the internal support jaws 424, ensuring the stability of the pipe 8 during tail cutting; at the same time, the laser cutting structure 3 completes the beveling of the tail section according to the preset program. Ultimately, the minimum tail length of the pipe 8 can be controlled to 80mm, significantly reducing tail residue.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the laser beveling pipe cutting machine provided by this utility model not only achieves lateral avoidance of the front chuck structure 2 through the displacement cylinder 23 when cutting the tail material, but also changes to only clamp the tail of the pipe 8 by the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 of the rear chuck. The spindle-type inner support chuck 42 can be inserted into the clamping hole 225 of the hollow chuck 22, so that the tail end of the pipe 8 can be processed to a position closer to the cutting position of the laser cutting head 37. The minimum tail length can reach 80mm, which greatly reduces the tail length, significantly reduces raw material loss, and improves the utilization rate of the pipe 8. It is especially suitable for processing high-value pipes 8 (such as stainless steel pipes and alloy pipes), and the raw material cost saving effect is more prominent.

[0029] Specifically, the hollow chuck 22 includes a front chuck seat 221 fixed on the first side slide plate 21, a rotating disk 222, a rotating disk drive device 223, and a roller claw assembly 224. The rotating disk 222 has a clamping hole 225 and is mounted on the front chuck seat 221. The rotating disk drive device 223 is used to drive the rotating disk 222 to rotate. The roller claw assembly 224 is mounted on the front side of the rotating disk 222.

[0030] Compared to traditional rigid jaws, roller jaws, through rolling contact with the outer wall of the tube 8, can disperse the clamping force when clamping the tube 8, avoiding excessive local pressure that could cause deformation or scratches on the outer wall of the tube 8. This is particularly suitable for processing scenarios with high requirements for appearance and wall thickness accuracy, such as thin-walled tubes 8 and surface-polished tubes 8. It ensures the surface quality of the processed tube 8 and ensures that the tube 8 does not experience radial displacement during rotation and feeding through uniform clamping force, laying the foundation for high-precision beveling. Simultaneously, the rolling characteristics of the roller jaws reduce frictional resistance when clamping the tube 8, reducing wear during clamping and feeding, and extending the service life of both the tube 8 and the jaws. The roller jaw assembly 224 can adaptively adjust according to the outer diameter of the tube 8 (e.g., by adjusting the clamping range through a jaw stroke adjustment structure). Combined with the clamping center hole 225 design of the rotary disc 222, the hollow chuck 22 can accommodate the processing of tubes 8 with various outer diameter specifications. There is no need to frequently change the chuck assembly for different outer diameter pipes 8. Stable clamping can be achieved simply by adjusting the clamping degree of the roller chuck, which greatly shortens the changeover time and improves the equipment's adaptability to processing multiple specifications of pipes 8. It is especially suitable for small-batch, multi-variety pipe processing scenarios, reducing downtime costs and tooling replacement costs incurred by enterprises due to changeovers.

[0031] The rotary disk 222 of the hollow chuck 22 is driven to rotate by a rotary disk drive device 223. This drive device (such as a servo motor + reduction mechanism) provides stable and precise rotational power, enabling the rotary disk 222 to maintain a uniform angular velocity when rotating the pipe 8. During the cutting stage of the pipe 8, the front chuck structure 2 and the rear chuck structure 4 need to drive the pipe 8 to rotate synchronously to ensure that the laser cutting head 37 can uniformly process the bevel along the circumference of the pipe 8. The precise driving characteristics of the rotary disk drive device 223 can avoid bevel angle deviation caused by rotation speed fluctuations, ensuring that the bevel depth and angle in the circumferential direction of the pipe 8 are consistent. Especially for large-diameter pipes 8 or high-precision bevel processing, it can significantly improve cutting accuracy.

[0032] The rotary disk 222 has a built-in clamping center hole 225 and forms an integrated structure with the front chuck seat 221 and the roller jaw assembly 224. During the tail material cutting stage, the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 of the rear chuck needs to pass through the clamping center hole 225 to drive the pipe 8 to feed. The coaxial design of the clamping center hole 225 and the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 can avoid the jamming problem caused by the axis deviation when the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 passes through the clamping center hole 225, ensuring that the rotating spindle 422 and the inner support jaw 424 of the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 can pass smoothly through the clamping center hole 225, providing a stable channel for the feeding of the pipe 8 during tail material cutting.

[0033] Furthermore, the spindle-type internal support chuck 42 includes a rear chuck seat 421 fixed on the second side slide plate 41, a rotating spindle 422, a rotating spindle drive device 423, and an internal support jaw 424. The rotating spindle 422 is mounted on one side of the rear chuck seat 421, the rotating spindle drive device 423 is used to drive the rotating spindle 422 to rotate, and the internal support jaw 424 is mounted on the front end of the rotating spindle 422. This design allows the rotating spindle 422 and the internal support jaw 424 to directly pass through the clamping hole 225 of the hollow chuck 22, so that during the tail material cutting stage, the tube 8 can be fed towards the laser cutting head 37 without being restricted by the position of the front chuck. Compared to the existing technology where the rear chuck cannot penetrate the front chuck and a large amount of space needs to be reserved to avoid structural interference, this through-shaft design allows the tail end of the tube 8 to be as close as possible to the cutting area. Combined with the characteristic of the inner support claw 424 clamping the tube 8 from the inner wall, the tail length can be controlled to a minimum of 80mm.

[0034] The inner support jaws 424 are specifically configured with four movable inner support blocks 425, arranged in a circumferential array. The clamping stroke of the inner support blocks 425 of the inner support jaws 424 can be flexibly adjusted according to the inner diameter of the tube 8 (e.g., by hydraulically or pneumatically driving the jaw opening). Combined with the adaptability structure of the rotating spindle 422, the spindle-type inner support chuck 42 can be compatible with the processing of tubes 8 with various inner diameter specifications. There is no need to change the jaw assembly for different inner diameter tubes 8; stable clamping can be achieved simply by adjusting the jaw opening, significantly shortening changeover time.

[0035] In this embodiment, the clamping hole 225 is square, and the cross-section of the rotating spindle 422 is circular. The side length of the clamping hole 225 is greater than the diameter of the rotating spindle 422. The square design of the clamping hole 225 with a side length greater than the diameter of the rotating spindle 422, combined with the requirement for machining small tubes with a diagonal ≤120mm, ensures that the small tube can smoothly pass through the gap between the clamping hole 225 and the rotating spindle 422 by precisely matching the side length of the clamping hole 225 and the diameter of the rotating spindle 422 (e.g., setting the side length of the clamping hole 225 to 125mm and the diameter of the rotating spindle 422 to 110mm). For small tubes with a diagonal of nearly 120mm, the four sides of the square clamping hole 225 can provide uniform radial space, avoiding insertion jamming caused by the tube size being close to the processing limit. At the same time, the circular cross-section of the rotating spindle 422 can form a stable fit with the inner wall of the small tube, and reliable clamping is achieved through the inner support jaws 424. It is specially adapted to the size characteristics of small tubes and solves the problems of unstable clamping and difficulty in inserting the shaft for small tubes 8 by traditional equipment.

[0036] In this embodiment, the variable diameter wheel support mechanism 6 includes a fixed base 61, a first lifting cylinder 62 facing upward on the fixed base 61, a receiving frame 63 drivenly connected to the first lifting cylinder 62, a support shaft 64 fixed on the receiving frame 63, a variable diameter wheel 65 rotatably mounted on the support shaft 64, and a locking structure 66 for fixing and locking the variable diameter wheel 65. The fixed base 61 is fixed to the support frame by a vertical first mounting plate. In practical applications, the piston rod of the first lifting cylinder 62 has two states: fully extended or fully retracted. When the piston rod of the first lifting cylinder 62 is extended, it drives the variable diameter wheel 65 on the receiving frame 63 to rise to the set support height. According to the diameter of the pipe 8 to be processed, the support contact surface of the variable diameter wheel 65 is rotated and adjusted. After adjustment, the variable diameter wheel 65 is locked by the locking structure 66. When the pipe 8 is cut, the variable diameter wheel 65 can effectively support the pipe 8, reduce the swing of the pipe 8 in the up, down, left, and right directions, and improve the cutting accuracy. When the piston rod of the first lifting cylinder 62 retracts, it causes the variable diameter wheel 65 to descend, thus avoiding the lateral movement of the rear chuck structure 4.

[0037] In this embodiment, the centering follow-up mechanism 5 includes a T-shaped plate 51, two symmetrically arranged clamping blocks 52 slidably disposed on the T-shaped plate 51, a clamping drive cylinder 53 for driving the two clamping blocks 52 to move closer or further apart, and a lifting assembly 54 for moving the T-shaped plate up and down. The lifting assembly 54 includes a lifting seat, a second lifting cylinder disposed upwards on the lifting seat, and a top plate connected to the piston rod end of the second lifting cylinder. The top plate is fixedly connected to the T-shaped plate 51. A vertical second mounting plate is provided on the support frame, and the lifting seat is slidably disposed vertically on the second mounting plate. An adjusting screw is provided on the lifting seat to press against the second mounting plate. By turning the adjusting screw, the initial height of the lifting seat and the mechanism disposed on the lifting seat can be adjusted flexibly.

[0038] The second lifting cylinder extends, causing the clamping blocks 52 on the T-shaped plate 51 to rise as a whole; the clamping drive cylinder 53 retracts, bringing the two clamping blocks 52 closer together, thereby clamping the pipe 8; by extending the clamping drive cylinder 53, the two clamping blocks 52 move away from each other, thereby releasing the pipe 8. The extension or retraction of the clamping drive cylinder 53 realizes the release or clamping of the pipe 8, achieving follow-up clamping of the pipe 8.

[0039] When laser-cutting short pipe sections (especially suitable for small short pipes with a diagonal of ≤120mm), due to the small volume of the pipe 8 and the concentrated cutting area, metal dust easily forms a localized high-concentration dust area below the cutting head, and the dust particles are even finer (mostly micron-sized), easily spreading with the airflow. Therefore, the machine bed 1 is equipped with a vacuum cleaner 7 located below the laser cutting head 37. The vacuum cleaner 7 below the laser cutting head 37 on the machine bed 1 adopts a close-to-the-cutting-area installation design. By setting an adsorption port directly below the cutting head, a negative pressure adsorption field can be formed the instant dust is generated, directly capturing the metal dust generated during the cutting of the short pipe section. Compared to the overall ventilation system of the workshop, this close-range collection method avoids the intermediate steps of dust diffusion into the air, effectively intercepting most of the metal dust generated during the cutting of short pipe sections, reducing the amount of dust spreading into the workshop environment from the source.

[0040] Specifically, the Z-axis drive mechanism 33 includes a Z-axis drive motor mounted on the top of the vertical plate 31, a first lead screw extending vertically and driven by the output end of the Z-axis drive motor, and a first lead screw nut fitted on the first lead screw. The first lead screw nut is fixedly connected to the back of the Z-axis slide. The Z-axis drive mechanism adopts a transmission structure of Z-axis drive motor, first lead screw, and first lead screw nut. The lead screw transmission has the characteristics of high transmission accuracy and small backlash error. The Z-axis drive motor (preferably a servo motor) can output precise rotational power, which converts the rotational motion into linear motion of the first lead screw nut through the first lead screw, thereby driving the Z-axis slide fixed to the nut to move smoothly vertically along the vertical plate 31. This transmission method can achieve micron-level (e.g., 0.001mm) displacement control and can precisely adjust the vertical height of the laser cutting head 37. For example, when processing small tubes with a diagonal of ≤120mm, the height of the cutting head needs to be finely adjusted according to the diameter of the tube 8 to ensure that the laser focus falls precisely on the surface of the tube 8. The high-precision adjustment capability of the screw drive can avoid the problem of insufficient cutting depth or over-cutting due to height deviation, ensuring the consistency of bevel angle and depth, and making the cutting accuracy meet the requirements of precision machining.

[0041] Specifically, the X-axis drive mechanism 35 includes an X-axis drive motor mounted on the X-axis slide 34, a second lead screw extending laterally and driven by the output end of the X-axis drive motor, and a second lead screw nut fitted on the second lead screw. The second lead screw nut is fixedly connected to the front end face of the Z-axis slide. The X-axis drive mechanism adopts a transmission structure of X-axis drive motor, second lead screw, and second lead screw nut. The inherent high precision characteristics of lead screw transmission can improve the lateral displacement control accuracy to the micrometer level (e.g., 0.001mm). In laser beveling, the lateral distance between the cutting head and the surface of the tube 8 directly determines the beveling depth and the flatness of the cut surface. For example, when processing small tubes with a diagonal of ≤120mm, the lateral position of the cutting head needs to be precisely adjusted according to the preset beveling angle (e.g., 30°, 45°) to ensure that the laser focus falls on the specified area of ​​the tube 8 wall thickness. The second lead screw converts the rotational power of the X-axis drive motor (preferably a servo motor) into linear motion, enabling precise adjustment of the lateral position of the cutting head. This avoids problems such as excessively shallow or deep bevels or incomplete cutting caused by spacing deviations, ensuring that the bevel size tolerance is stably controlled within ±0.05mm, meeting the stringent requirements of precision machining for positional accuracy.

[0042] The X-axis guide rail extends laterally on the back of the X-axis slide block 34, and the X-axis slider that cooperates with the X-axis guide rail is fixed on the front end surface of the Z-axis slide block 32.

[0043] It is understood that those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model, and all such substitutions or changes should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser beveling and pipe cutting machine for reducing waste material, comprising a bed, a front chuck structure and a laser cutting structure disposed at the front end of the bed, a rear chuck structure reciprocating along the length of the bed, and multiple sets of centering follow-up mechanisms and variable diameter wheel support mechanisms disposed on the bed; the bed is provided with a Y-axis guide rail and a Y-axis rack, characterized in that, The laser cutting structure includes a vertical plate fixedly mounted on one end of the bed, a Z-axis slide plate slidably mounted on the vertical plate, a Z-axis drive mechanism for driving the Z-axis slide plate, an X-axis slide block slidably mounted on the Z-axis slide plate, an X-axis drive mechanism for driving the X-axis slide block, an A-axis rotary table mounted on one end face of the X-axis slide block, and a laser cutting head mounted on the A-axis rotary table via a mounting bracket. The front chuck structure includes a first side slide plate slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail, a hollow chuck mounted on the first side slide plate, and a displacement cylinder fixed to the bed. The axis of the displacement cylinder is along... The piston rod end of the Y-axis extension and displacement cylinder is fixedly connected to the back of the first side slide plate. The displacement cylinder is used to drive the first side slide plate to move laterally, so that the hollow chuck moves closer to or away from the laser cutting head. The rear chuck structure includes a second side slide plate slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail, a spindle-type inner support chuck disposed on the second side slide plate, a first drive motor disposed on the spindle-type inner support chuck, and a first gear disposed on the output end of the first drive motor. The first gear meshes with the Y-axis rack for transmission. The rotating spindle and inner support jaws of the spindle-type inner support chuck can pass through the clamping hole of the hollow chuck.

2. The laser beveling pipe cutting machine for reducing waste material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow chuck includes a front chuck seat, a rotary disk, a rotary disk drive device, and a roller jaw assembly fixed on a first side slide. The rotary disk has a clamping hole and is mounted on the front chuck seat. The rotary disk drive device is used to drive the rotary disk to rotate. The roller jaw assembly is mounted on the front side of the rotary disk.

3. The laser beveling pipe cutting machine for reducing waste material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spindle-type internal support chuck includes a rear chuck seat fixed on the second side slide, a rotating spindle, a rotating spindle drive device, and internal support jaws. The rotating spindle is installed on one side of the rear chuck seat, the rotating spindle drive device is used to drive the rotating spindle to rotate, and the internal support jaws are installed at the front end of the rotating spindle.

4. The laser beveling pipe cutting machine for reducing waste material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping hole is square, and the cross-section of the rotating spindle is circular.

5. The laser beveling pipe cutting machine for reducing waste material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable diameter wheel support mechanism includes a fixed seat, a first lifting cylinder facing upward on the fixed seat, a receiving frame driven and connected to the first lifting cylinder, a support shaft fixed on the receiving frame, a variable diameter wheel rotatably mounted on the support shaft, and a locking structure for fixing and locking the variable diameter wheel. The fixed seat is fixed to the support frame by a vertical first mounting plate.

6. The laser beveling pipe cutting machine for reducing waste material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centering follow-up mechanism includes a T-shaped plate, two symmetrical clamping blocks slidably disposed on the T-shaped plate, a clamping drive cylinder for driving the two clamping blocks to move closer or further apart, and a lifting assembly for driving the T-shaped plate to move up and down.

7. The laser beveling pipe cutting machine for reducing waste material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bed is equipped with a vacuum cleaner located below the laser cutting head.

8. The laser beveling pipe cutting machine for reducing waste material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Z-axis drive mechanism includes a Z-axis drive motor mounted on the top of the vertical plate, a first lead screw extending vertically and driven by the output end of the Z-axis drive motor, and a first lead screw nut fitted on the first lead screw, the first lead screw nut being fixedly connected to the back of the Z-axis slide.

9. The laser beveling pipe cutting machine for reducing waste material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis drive mechanism includes an X-axis drive motor mounted on an X-axis slide, a second lead screw extending laterally and drivenly connected to the output end of the X-axis drive motor, and a second lead screw nut fitted on the second lead screw, the second lead screw nut being fixedly connected to the back of the X-axis slide.

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