A positioning clamp for welding a girth joint of a pressure vessel

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of welding fixture, specifically disclose a kind of pressure vessel ring seam welding positioning fixture, including base, chuck plate and pressure tank, the ring seam inner wall of pressure tank movably is provided with arc ceramic plate, the outside of arc ceramic plate is provided with multiple and pressure tank inside movable adhesion auxiliary wheel, the end of chuck plate is provided with the self-adjusting mechanism of driving arc ceramic plate and multiple auxiliary wheel adhesion in pressure tank inside and carry out free movement, this kind of pressure vessel ring seam welding positioning fixture, by the arc ceramic plate being set, can be closely adhesion in the ring seam inside of two tank body, in welding process, by the self-adjusting mechanism exerting continuous extrusion force, the shrinkage tendency that this force can effectively limit tank body due to welding thermal deformation generates, avoid the ring seam inside form protrusion, maximum limit reserve tank body original wall thickness precision, improve the overall quality and production efficiency of pressure vessel ring seam welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of welding fixture technology, and specifically relates to a positioning fixture for circumferential welding of pressure vessels. Background Technology

[0002] Pressure vessels, as special equipment that carries high-pressure media, are widely used in petrochemical, energy, pharmaceutical, and aerospace fields. Their welding quality is directly related to the safety and reliability of equipment operation. The circumferential weld, as the key weld connecting the pressure vessel shell and head, and between shells, has become the core link of the welding process due to its complex stress and high welding precision requirements.

[0003] In the process of circumferential welding of pressure vessels, the two tanks must first be butted together, and then the welding head is moved to the circumferential position. The circumferential welding is completed by driving the two tanks to rotate synchronously. The equipment used to realize the butt-fitting and rotation of the tanks is the pressure vessel circumferential welding positioning fixture. While existing positioning fixtures can adapt to tanks of different specifications, they have obvious limitations during welding: after circumferential welding, the inside of the tank is prone to bulges due to welding stress or molten pool shrinkage. Although these defects can be eliminated by internal grinding, they invisibly prolong the production process, which in turn has an adverse effect on the overall production efficiency and quality stability of pressure vessels. Therefore, we propose a positioning fixture for circumferential welding of pressure vessels. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a positioning fixture for circumferential welding of pressure vessels.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a pressure vessel circumferential weld positioning fixture, including a base, a clamping plate, and a pressure vessel. An arc-shaped ceramic plate is movably arranged on the inner wall of the circumferential weld of the pressure vessel. Multiple auxiliary wheels are arranged on the outer side of the arc-shaped ceramic plate and are movably fitted to the inside of the pressure vessel. The end of the clamping plate is provided with a self-adjusting mechanism that drives the arc-shaped ceramic plate and the multiple auxiliary wheels to move freely within the pressure vessel.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the self-adjusting mechanism further includes a mounting plate disposed at the bottom of the arc-shaped ceramic plate, and L-shaped plates are disposed at the four corners of the mounting plate. The sides of the four L-shaped plates are movably disposed with wheel axles connected to the inner side of the auxiliary wheel.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the bottom of the mounting plate is provided with a spline shaft, and the top of the L-shaped plate is provided with a spline groove that is movably connected to the spline shaft.

[0008] In the above technical solution, a spring is further provided between the spline shaft and the mounting plate, and the spring is sleeved on the outside of the spline shaft.

[0009] In the above technical solution, further, the bottom of the mounting plate is provided with an adjusting component for adjusting the telescopic length of the arc-shaped ceramic plate. The adjusting component includes an electric telescopic rod provided at the bottom of the mounting plate, and a vertical plate is provided at the bottom end of the electric telescopic rod.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the vertical plate is further provided with a threaded rod on its side, and a sleeve rod connected to the clamping plate is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod. The end of the sleeve rod is provided with a threaded groove plate that is threadedly connected to the threaded rod.

[0011] In the above technical solution, a sleeve plate is further provided on the outer side of the sleeve rod, a sleeve is provided inside the sleeve rod, and a smooth rod connected to the vertical plate is movably provided inside the sleeve.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The curved ceramic plate can be tightly fitted to the inner side of the circumferential seam between the two tanks. During the welding process, a continuous extrusion force is applied by means of a self-adjusting mechanism. This force can effectively limit the shrinkage tendency of the tank due to welding heat deformation and prevent the formation of bulges on the inner side of the circumferential seam. By utilizing the high temperature resistance of the curved ceramic plate and the adaptive pressure of the self-adjusting mechanism, the bulge defects on the inner side of the circumferential seam are reduced from the root, without the need for large-scale repairs. This maximizes the preservation of the original wall thickness accuracy of the tank and improves the overall quality and production efficiency of the circumferential seam welding of the pressure vessel. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping disk, the arc-shaped ceramic plate, and the self-adjusting mechanism of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arc-shaped ceramic plate, auxiliary wheel, and L-shaped plate of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary wheel, L-shaped plate, and splined shaft of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting component of this utility model.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Clamping plate; 3. Pressure tank; 4. Arc-shaped ceramic plate; 5. Auxiliary wheel; 6. Self-adjusting mechanism; 61. Mounting plate; 62. L-shaped plate; 63. Wheel axle; 64. Splined shaft; 65. Spring; 66. Spline groove; 7. Adjusting component; 71. Electric telescopic rod; 72. Vertical plate; 73. Threaded rod; 74. Sleeve rod; 75. Threaded groove plate; 76. Sleeve plate; 77. Sleeve; 78. Smooth rod. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] like Figures 1-5 The pressure vessel circumferential weld positioning fixture shown includes a base 1, a clamping plate 2 and a pressure vessel 3. An arc-shaped ceramic plate 4 is movably arranged on the inner wall of the circumferential weld of the pressure vessel 3. Multiple auxiliary wheels 5 are arranged on the outer side of the arc-shaped ceramic plate 4 and are movably fitted to the inside of the pressure vessel 3. The end of the clamping plate 2 is provided with a self-adjusting mechanism 6 that drives the arc-shaped ceramic plate 4 and the multiple auxiliary wheels 5 to move freely in contact with the inside of the pressure vessel 3. The curved ceramic plate 4's arc design can fit the inner wall of most pressure tanks 3, greatly reducing usage limitations. The ceramic plate is made of alumina ceramic, also known as corundum ceramic, and is specially designed for welding scenarios. It has excellent high temperature resistance. During welding, it can tightly squeeze the circumferential seam area, effectively suppressing the protrusions caused by thermal deformation during welding, reducing defects on the inner side of the circumferential seam from the source, and providing convenience for subsequent processing.

[0017] The self-adjusting mechanism 6 includes a mounting plate 61 set at the bottom of the arc-shaped ceramic plate 4. Each of the four corners of the mounting plate 61 is provided with an L-shaped plate 62. Each of the four L-shaped plates 62 is movably provided with a wheel axle 63 connected to the inner side of the auxiliary wheel 5. The auxiliary wheel 5 works in conjunction with the mounting plate 61 to provide stable support for the curved ceramic plate, ensuring that it fits against the circumferential seam to the maximum extent. At the same time, the outer surface of the auxiliary wheel 5 is provided with anti-slip texture, which can enhance the friction with the tank body and prevent relative sliding, further ensuring the stability of the curved ceramic plate during welding and providing reliable support to suppress the circumferential seam protrusion.

[0018] The bottom of the mounting plate 61 is provided with a spline shaft 64, and the top of the L-shaped plate 62 is provided with a spline groove 66 that is movably connected to the spline shaft 64. The spline shaft 64 is installed at the bottom of the mounting plate 61. When the mounting plate 61 moves, the spline shaft 64 can slide along the spline groove 66, which also provides guidance for the movement of the mounting plate 61.

[0019] A spring 65 is provided between the spline shaft 64 and the mounting plate 61, and the spring 65 is sleeved on the outside of the spline shaft 64. Through the compression of the spring 65, the mounting plate 61 can be compressed as much as possible, so that the arc-shaped ceramic plate 4 fits against the circumferential seam.

[0020] The bottom of the mounting plate 61 is provided with an adjusting component 7 for adjusting the telescopic length of the curved ceramic plate 4. The adjusting component 7 includes an electric telescopic rod 71 located at the bottom of the mounting plate 61. The bottom end of the electric telescopic rod 71 is provided with a vertical plate 72. The electric telescopic rod 71 can extend and retract according to a set program, so that the curved ceramic plate 4 can be transported to a suitable position for use.

[0021] A threaded rod 73 is movably provided on the side of the vertical plate 72. A sleeve rod 74 connected to the clamping plate 2 is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod 73. A threaded groove plate 75 is provided at the end of the sleeve rod 74 and is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 73. By rotating the threaded groove plate 75, the inner threaded rod 73 can be moved from inside the sleeve rod 74, so that the threaded rod 73 drives the vertical plate 72 and the electric telescopic rod 71 at the end to move, thereby driving the arc-shaped ceramic plate 4 to move to the circumferential seam.

[0022] A sleeve plate 76 is fitted onto the outer side of the sleeve rod 74, and a sleeve 77 is provided inside the sleeve rod 74. A smooth rod 78 connected to the vertical plate 72 is movably installed inside the sleeve 77. The smooth rod 78 is rotatably mounted at the vertical plate 72. When the vertical plate 72 moves, it will drive the smooth rod 78 into the inner side of the sleeve 77. This prevents the arc-shaped ceramic plate 4 from shifting when the threaded rod 73 is selected. It mainly serves as a limit and guide. Working principle: When using this device, first place the pressure tank 3 inside the clamping plate 2. Then, by rotating the threaded groove plate 75, the threaded rod 73 is driven to move inside the sleeve rod 74, which in turn drives the vertical plate 72 and the electric telescopic rod 71 to move. This causes the electric telescopic rod 71 to move the mounting plate 61 and the arc-shaped ceramic plate 4 to the circumferential seam, bringing the ends of the two pressure tanks 3 together. At this time, the electric telescopic rod 71 will work, pressing the arc-shaped ceramic plate 4 against the circumferential seam. The auxiliary wheel 5 will be pressed against the inner wall of the pressure tank 3 and will drive the L-shaped plate 62 to move through the wheel axle 63. This allows the L-shaped plate 62 to move on the outer surface of the spring 65 and can also stretch or compress the spring 65 until the arc-shaped ceramic plate 4 is tightly pressed against the circumferential seam of the pressure tank 3, at which point the electric telescopic rod 71 stops. Finally, by rotating the clamping plate 2, the circumferential seam of the pressure tank 3 will be welded. The auxiliary wheel 5 will also rotate. Under the limitation of the arc-shaped ceramic plate 4, the weld at the circumferential seam of the pressure tank 3 will reduce the occurrence of protrusions.

[0023] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model.

Claims

1. A positioning fixture for circumferential welding of a pressure vessel, comprising a base (1), a clamping plate (2), and a pressure vessel (3), characterized in that, The inner wall of the pressure tank (3) is movably provided with an arc-shaped ceramic plate (4), and the outer side of the arc-shaped ceramic plate (4) is provided with a plurality of auxiliary wheels (5) that are movably fitted to the inside of the pressure tank (3). The end of the clamping plate (2) is provided with a self-adjusting mechanism (6) that drives the arc-shaped ceramic plate (4) and the plurality of auxiliary wheels (5) to fit against the inside of the pressure tank (3) and move freely.

2. The pressure vessel circumferential weld positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-adjusting mechanism (6) includes a mounting plate (61) at the bottom of the arc-shaped ceramic plate (4). Each of the four corners of the mounting plate (61) is provided with an L-shaped plate (62), and each of the four L-shaped plates (62) is movably provided with a wheel axle (63) connected to the inside of the auxiliary wheel (5).

3. A pressure vessel circumferential weld positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the mounting plate (61) is provided with a spline shaft (64), and the top of the L-shaped plate (62) is provided with a spline groove (66) that is movably connected to the spline shaft (64).

4. A pressure vessel circumferential weld positioning fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, A spring (65) is provided between the spline shaft (64) and the mounting plate (61), and the spring (65) is sleeved on the outside of the spline shaft (64).

5. A pressure vessel circumferential weld positioning fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the mounting plate (61) is provided with an adjusting component (7) for adjusting the telescopic length of the arc-shaped ceramic plate (4). The adjusting component (7) includes an electric telescopic rod (71) provided at the bottom of the mounting plate (61), and a vertical plate (72) is provided at the bottom end of the electric telescopic rod (71).

6. A pressure vessel circumferential weld positioning fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vertical plate (72) is movably provided with a threaded rod (73) on its side. A sleeve rod (74) connected to the clamping plate (2) is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod (73). The end of the sleeve rod (74) is provided with a threaded groove plate (75) that is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (73).

7. A pressure vessel circumferential weld positioning fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sleeve (74) is fitted with a sleeve plate (76) on the outside, and a sleeve (77) is provided inside the sleeve (74). A smooth rod (78) connected to the vertical plate (72) is movably arranged inside the sleeve (77).

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