An assembly positioning tool for a planetary gear shaft

Abstract

The application relates to an assembly positioning tool for a planetary gear shaft and relates to the technical field of mechanical assembly tools, and comprises a C-shaped frame, a lower positioning tool and an upper positioning tool, wherein the lower positioning tool comprises a sleeve mounted on the upper surface of the C-shaped frame. The application provides accurate guidance for the planetary gear shaft through the guide holes in the guide disc, avoids the inclination of the shaft body during pressing, and in the pressing process, the guide disc first contacts the upper surface of the planetary carrier, and the spring pushes the guide disc to press the planetary carrier, so that the planetary carrier is pressed against the top of the sleeve and is prevented from shaking, further guaranteeing the coaxiality and the circumferential uniformity precision. The hydraulic cylinder replaces manual operation to provide stable and continuous pressing power, and multiple pressing columns are used for synchronous operation, so that the manual operation strength is reduced, the force unevenness problem is avoided, the assembly efficiency and consistency are greatly improved, and the part cooperation stability is guaranteed through the cooperation of the structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mechanical assembly tooling technology, and in particular to an assembly and positioning tooling for a planetary gear shaft. Background Technology

[0002] During the assembly of the planetary gear mechanism, multiple planetary gear shafts need to be precisely pressed into the evenly distributed pin holes of the planet carrier.

[0003] Existing methods often employ manual hand-held or simple clamps for single-axis press-fitting. However, the press-fitting process using these methods is prone to planetary gear shaft misalignment, which can damage the planetary carrier bearing hole or the shaft itself. Furthermore, assembling planetary gear shafts one by one is not only inefficient but also results in poor consistency, affecting the transmission smoothness and lifespan of the entire planetary gear train. To address these issues, a planetary gear shaft assembly and positioning fixture is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an assembly and positioning fixture for planetary gear shafts, which can accurately position and guide all planetary gear shafts, ensure the coaxiality and circumferential distribution accuracy of the press fitting, and prevent assembly damage, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: An assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft includes a C-shaped frame, a lower positioning fixture, and an upper positioning fixture. The lower positioning fixture includes a sleeve installed on the upper surface of the C-shaped frame. A planetary carrier is fitted on the inner wall of the sleeve. The upper positioning fixture includes a disc. Three pressing columns for pressing down the planetary gear shaft are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the disc. Two symmetrical guide blocks are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the disc.

[0006] Each guide block has a connecting rod slidably fitted on its inner wall. A guide plate is provided below the pressing column. The bottom ends of the two connecting rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper surface of the guide plate. The guide plate has three guide holes inside, which are adapted to the pressing column. Each connecting rod has a spring fitted on its outer side, and the two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the guide block and the guide plate, respectively.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide hole on the guide plate can accurately guide the planetary gear shaft, avoiding shaft misalignment during press-fitting. The spring can provide elastic downward force during press-fitting. When the disc is subjected to downward force, the guide plate will first contact the upper surface of the planetary carrier, and then the downward force will continue to push the disc and the pressing column downward. At this time, the distance between the guide plate and the disc will gradually decrease, and the spring will be in a compressed state. This can press the planetary carrier down onto the top of the sleeve, preventing the planetary carrier from shaking and improving the stability and accuracy of the assembly. Multiple pressing columns can act simultaneously on multiple planetary gear shafts, eliminating the need for individual assembly, which improves assembly efficiency and ensures the installation consistency of each planetary gear shaft, thereby optimizing the transmission smoothness of the planetary gear train.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to a base, and a plurality of first connecting bolts are installed on the inner wall of the base. The sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the C-shaped frame through the base and the first connecting bolts.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the base increases the contact area between the sleeve and the C-shaped frame. Combined with the tightening effect of the first connecting bolt, the sleeve can be stably fixed on the C-shaped frame. The sleeve's fitting with the planetary carrier enables the initial positioning of the planetary carrier, laying the foundation for subsequent precise assembly and further ensuring assembly accuracy. At the same time, the sleeve is replaceable, facilitating subsequent use.

[0010] Preferably, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the C-shaped frame, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the disc.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the hydraulic cylinder can provide continuous and stable pressing power for the lower pressing column, replacing the traditional manual hand-held or simple clamping method of applying pressure. This not only reduces the intensity of manual operation, but also avoids the problem of planetary gear shaft misalignment caused by uneven manual pressure. At the same time, stable power output helps to improve the continuity of the pressing process and further improve assembly efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, two second connecting bolts are installed on the inner wall of the disc, and the disc is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder through the two second connecting bolts.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the second connecting bolt enables a detachable connection between the disc and the hydraulic cylinder output end, thereby allowing the upper positioning fixture to be replaced according to the usage, improving the versatility of the fixture and reducing equipment investment costs.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting piece is fixedly connected to the top end of each connecting rod, and the diameter of the limiting piece is greater than the diameter of the connecting rod.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting piece can restrict the sliding stroke of the connecting rod in the guide block, preventing the connecting rod from detaching from the guide block, making it more practical.

[0016] Preferably, the upper surface of the planetary carrier has a planetary gear shaft hole for mounting the planetary gear shaft, and the pressure post and guide hole are adapted to the planetary gear shaft hole on the upper surface of the planetary carrier.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the precise matching of the pressure column, guide hole and planetary gear shaft hole can ensure that the planetary gear shaft moves along the preset trajectory during the press-fitting process, effectively guaranteeing the parallelism between each planetary gear shaft and the center hole of the planet carrier, as well as the circumferential uniformity accuracy.

[0018] Preferably, reinforcing ribs are welded to both corners on the inner side of the C-shaped frame.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solutions, the reinforcing ribs can enhance the structural strength and rigidity of the C-frame, prevent the tooling from deforming due to pressure during the pressing process, ensure that the C-frame always maintains a stable support state, provide structural protection for the precise cooperation between the lower and upper positioning tooling, and indirectly maintain the stability of assembly accuracy.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom surface of the C-shaped frame is fixedly connected with an anti-slip pad, and positioning bases are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the C-shaped frame.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, the positioning base can quickly position the tooling in the designated working position, making it convenient for operators to quickly arrange the equipment. The anti-slip pad can increase the friction between the tooling and the placement surface, ensuring the stability of the entire assembly process, further guaranteeing the pressing accuracy of the planetary gear shaft, and improving the safety of the tooling during use.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This assembly and positioning fixture for planetary gear shafts provides precise guidance throughout the entire process via guide holes on the guide plate, preventing shaft misalignment during press-fitting. During press-fitting, the guide plate first contacts the upper surface of the planetary carrier, and the spring pushes the guide plate to press the planetary carrier tightly against the top of the sleeve, preventing it from wobbling and further ensuring coaxiality and circumferential uniformity. The hydraulic cylinder replaces manual labor to provide stable and continuous press-fitting power, and with multiple pressing columns working synchronously, it reduces the intensity of manual operation and avoids uneven force application, significantly improving assembly efficiency and consistency. The limiting plate ensures the stability of component mating. Through the synergistic effect of all structures, the entire system effectively solves the problems of easy damage and poor efficiency in traditional assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side view of the structure of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of this application; Figure 4 This is a frontal planar structural diagram of this application; Figure 5 This is a partial bottom view of the structure of this application.

[0024] In the picture: 1. C-shaped frame; 2. Lower positioning fixture; 201. Sleeve; 202. Base; 203. First connecting bolt; 3. Upper positioning fixture; 301. Disc; 302. Lower pressure column; 303. Guide block; 304. Connecting rod; 305. Guide plate; 306. Guide hole; 307. Spring; 308. Limiting plate; 309. Second connecting bolt; 4. Planetary carrier; 5. Hydraulic cylinder; 6. Reinforcing rib; 7. Anti-slip pad; 8. Positioning base. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 5 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0026] Example 1: An assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The assembly includes a C-frame 1, a lower positioning fixture 2, and an upper positioning fixture 3. The lower positioning fixture 2 includes a sleeve 201 mounted on the upper surface of the C-frame 1. A planetary carrier 4 is fitted onto the inner wall of the sleeve 201. A base 202 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sleeve 201. Multiple first connecting bolts 203 are installed on the inner wall of the base 202. The sleeve 201 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the C-frame 1 through the base 202 and the first connecting bolts 203. The base 202 increases the contact area between the sleeve 201 and the C-frame 1. Combined with the tightening effect of the first connecting bolts 203, the sleeve 201 can be stably fixed on the C-frame 1. The fitting of the sleeve 201 onto the planetary carrier 4 enables the initial positioning of the planetary carrier 4, laying the foundation for subsequent precise assembly. The foundation is established to further ensure assembly accuracy, and also makes the sleeve 201 replaceable for convenient subsequent use. The upper positioning fixture 3 includes a disc 301, and three pressing columns 302 for pressing down the planetary gear shaft are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the disc 301. A hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the C-shaped frame 1. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the disc 301. The hydraulic cylinder 5 can provide continuous and stable pressing power to the pressing columns 302, replacing the traditional manual hand or simple clamping method of applying pressure. This reduces the intensity of manual operation and avoids the problem of planetary gear shaft skewing caused by uneven manual pressure. At the same time, the stable power output helps to improve the continuity of the pressing process and further improve assembly efficiency.

[0027] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5Two symmetrical guide blocks 303 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the disc 301. A connecting rod 304 is slidably fitted onto the inner wall of each guide block 303. A guide plate 305 is located below the pressing column 302. The bottom ends of the two connecting rods 304 are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper surface of the guide plate 305. Three guide holes 306 are opened inside the guide plate 305, which are adapted to the pressing column 302. A spring 307 is fitted onto the outside of each connecting rod 304. The two ends of the spring 307 are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the guide block 303 and the guide plate 305. A limiting piece 308 is fixedly connected to the top of each connecting rod 304. The diameter of the limiting piece 308 is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod 304. 308 can limit the sliding stroke of the connecting rod 304 in the guide block 303, preventing the connecting rod 304 from disengaging from the guide block 303, making it more practical. When the hydraulic cylinder 5 is started, it will drive the upper positioning fixture 3 to move down. During the downward assembly process, multiple planetary gear shafts placed above the planetary carrier 4 will first pass through the guide hole 306 through the guide plate 305. Then the guide plate 305 will first contact the upper surface of the planetary carrier 4, thereby pressing the planetary carrier 4 down and positioning it on the top of the sleeve 201. Then the disc 301 continues to press down, the spring 307 is in a compressed state, and the distance between the disc 301 and the guide plate 305 gradually decreases. Then the pressing column 302 presses down and assembles the planetary gear shafts sleeved inside the guide hole 306.

[0028] Example 2: An assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft, referring to... Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 Based on the same concept as Embodiment 1 above, this embodiment proposes that two second connecting bolts 309 be installed on the inner wall of the disc 301. The disc 301 is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 through the two second connecting bolts 309. The second connecting bolts 309 realize the detachable connection between the disc 301 and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5, so that the upper positioning fixture 3 can be replaced according to the usage, improving the versatility of the fixture and reducing the equipment investment cost. The upper surface of the planetary carrier 4 is provided with planetary gear shaft holes for installing planetary gear shafts. The lower pressure column 302 and the guide hole 306 are both adapted to the planetary gear shaft holes opened on the upper surface of the planetary carrier 4. The precise adaptation of the lower pressure column 302, the guide hole 306 and the planetary gear shaft holes allows the planetary gear shafts to always move along the preset trajectory during the pressing process, effectively ensuring the parallelism between each planetary gear shaft and the center hole of the planetary carrier 4, as well as the circumferential uniformity accuracy.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4Reinforcing ribs 6 are welded to the two corners on the inner side of the C-frame 1. The reinforcing ribs 6 can enhance the structural strength and rigidity of the C-frame 1, prevent the tooling from deforming due to pressure during the pressing process, and ensure that the C-frame 1 always maintains a stable support state. This provides structural protection for the precise cooperation between the lower positioning tooling 2 and the upper positioning tooling 3, and indirectly maintains the stability of the assembly accuracy. Anti-slip pads 7 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the C-frame 1, and positioning bases 8 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the C-frame 1. The positioning bases 8 can quickly position the tooling in the designated working position, which is convenient for operators to quickly arrange the equipment. The anti-slip pads 7 can increase the friction between the tooling and the placement surface, ensure the stability of the entire assembly process, further ensure the pressing accuracy of the planetary gear shaft, and improve the safety of the tooling during use.

[0030] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: First, the tooling is quickly fixed in the designated working position by the positioning base 8. The anti-slip pad 7 increases the friction between the tooling and the placement surface to avoid slippage during assembly. At the same time, the reinforcing rib 6 on the inner side of the C-shaped frame 1 enhances the overall structural rigidity and provides stable support for subsequent press-fitting operations. Before assembly, the planetary carrier 4 is first fitted into the sleeve 201 of the lower positioning tooling 2. The sleeve 201 is securely installed on the C-shaped frame 1 by the base 202 and the first connecting bolt 203 to achieve the initial positioning of the planetary carrier 4. Subsequently, the disc 301 of the upper positioning fixture 3 is fixed to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 by the second connecting bolt 309. At this time, the connecting rod 304, which is slidably sleeved in the guide block 303 on the disc 301, and the guide disc 305 connected to its bottom end, maintain a downward trend under the elastic action of the spring 307. The limiting piece 308 at the top of the connecting rod 304 can prevent it from disengaging from the guide block 303, ensuring stable component fit. During assembly, the planetary gear shaft is placed into the planetary gear shaft hole of the planet carrier 4, and the hydraulic cylinder 5 is started. Its output end pushes the disc 301 downward. The planetary gear shaft will pass through the guide hole 306, and then the guide disc 305 will first contact the upper surface of the planet carrier 4. As the disc 301 holds the guide disc 305, the guide disc 305 will move downward. As the cylinder continues to move downwards, the spring 307 is compressed and generates elastic pressure, pressing the planetary carrier 4 tightly against the top of the sleeve 201 to prevent shaking during pressing. At the same time, multiple pressing pins 302 at the bottom of the disc 301 pass through the guide holes 306 on the guide disc 305 and act precisely on the top of the corresponding planetary gear shafts. Under the continuous and stable power drive of the hydraulic cylinder 5, multiple planetary gear shafts are pressed synchronously and vertically into the holes of the planetary carrier 4. The guide holes 306 provide guidance for the planetary gear shafts throughout the process, ensuring their parallelism with the center hole of the planetary carrier 4 and their circumferential distribution accuracy. After pressing is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the upper positioning fixture 3 to reset, and the assembled planetary carrier 4 can be removed, completing the entire assembly process.

Claims

1. An assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft, comprising a C-frame (1), a lower positioning fixture (2), and an upper positioning fixture (3), characterized in that: The lower positioning fixture (2) includes a sleeve (201) installed on the upper surface of the C-shaped frame (1). The inner wall of the sleeve (201) is fitted with a planetary carrier (4). The upper positioning fixture (3) includes a disc (301). The bottom surface of the disc (301) is fixedly connected with three pressing columns (302) for pressing down the planetary gear shaft. The outer surface of the disc (301) is fixedly connected with two symmetrical guide blocks (303). Each guide block (303) has a connecting rod (304) slidably fitted on its inner wall. A guide plate (305) is provided below the pressing column (302). The bottom ends of the two connecting rods (304) are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the upper surface of the guide plate (305). The guide plate (305) has three guide holes (306) inside. The guide holes (306) are adapted to the pressing column (302). Each connecting rod (304) has a spring (307) fitted on its outer side. The two ends of the spring (307) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the guide block (303) and the guide plate (305).

2. The assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the sleeve (201) is fixedly connected to the base (202), and a plurality of first connecting bolts (203) are installed on the inner wall of the base (202). The sleeve (201) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the C-frame (1) through the base (202) and the first connecting bolts (203).

3. The assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the C-shaped frame (1), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the disc (301).

4. The assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two second connecting bolts (309) are installed on the inner wall of the disc (301), and the disc (301) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (5) by the two second connecting bolts (309).

5. The assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the connecting rods (304) has a limiting piece (308) fixedly connected to its top end, the diameter of the limiting piece (308) being greater than the diameter of the connecting rod (304).

6. The assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the planetary carrier (4) is provided with a planetary gear shaft hole for mounting the planetary gear shaft. The lower pressure post (302) and the guide hole (306) are both adapted to the planetary gear shaft hole on the upper surface of the planetary carrier (4).

7. The assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two corners on the inner side of the C-shaped frame (1) are each welded with reinforcing ribs (6).

8. The assembly and positioning fixture for a planetary gear shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the C-shaped frame (1) is fixedly connected with an anti-slip pad (7), and the four corners of the bottom surface of the C-shaped frame (1) are fixedly connected with positioning bases (8).

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