A drilling and tapping push broach integrated machine tool for workpiece machining

Abstract

The application discloses a drilling and tapping push broach integrated machine tool for workpiece machining, which comprises a machine tool main body, a main shaft and a drilling and tapping push broach integrated assembly, the integrated assembly comprises a drill bit, a tap, a rotary driver and a displacement driving element, an extendable end mill and a multi-tooth insert, and high-precision movement in the parallel or vertical direction of the main shaft is realized through a transverse / longitudinal displacement unit; the displacement unit is provided with a protective shield, and the sliding plate is provided with a mill-shaped reinforcing rib; the machine tool integrates drilling, tapping, milling and slotting functions, can quickly switch tools, shortens a machining cycle, improves machining precision and stability, has good protection and strong expansibility, is suitable for batch machining of workpieces of multiple specifications, and solves problems, such as dispersed processes, time-consuming tool changing and insufficient precision of traditional equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining equipment, specifically to an integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool machine tool for workpiece machining. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, the processing of workpieces (such as mechanical parts, gear blanks, and box-type parts) often involves multiple processes such as drilling, tapping, milling, and planing. Traditional machining methods mainly adopt the following two approaches: Multi-equipment step-by-step processing: After drilling is completed by a drilling machine, the workpiece is transferred to a tapping machine for tapping. If subsequent processes such as milling or shaping are required, it needs to be further transferred to milling machines, gear shapers, etc. This solution has problems such as dispersed processes, long workpiece transfer time, high equipment investment costs, and large floor space. In addition, multiple clamping of the workpiece can easily lead to the accumulation of positioning errors, affecting the processing accuracy. Single-machine multi-tool changing machining: This method uses a machining center with a tool magazine to switch between drills, taps, milling cutters, and other tools via an automatic tool changer, achieving multi-process integration. However, this solution has a complex tool changer structure, a time-consuming tool change process, and a limited tool magazine capacity, making it difficult to adapt to the rapid switching of multiple tool specifications. In addition, frequent tool changes can easily lead to accelerated tool wear, reducing machining efficiency and economy.

[0003] In addition, the displacement drive mechanism of existing processing equipment mostly adopts unidirectional drive, which has poor adaptability and lacks effective protective structure for transmission components. Chips and coolant generated during processing can easily enter the transmission mechanism (such as lead screw and slide rail), causing component wear and jamming, affecting the service life and motion accuracy of the equipment. At the same time, if the rigidity of load-bearing components such as displacement slide plates is insufficient, vibration and deformation are easily generated during processing, further reducing the processing accuracy.

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, there is an urgent need for a processing equipment that integrates multiple processes, has high processing efficiency, accurate positioning, compact structure and good protection, so as to solve the problems of scattered processes, time-consuming tool changing, insufficient accuracy and high equipment maintenance costs in traditional processing methods. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] This application provides a drilling, tapping, and push-tool integrated machine tool for workpiece processing, including a machine tool body and a spindle, and also includes an integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool assembly, which includes a drill bit, a tap, a rotary driver, and a displacement driving element. The drill bit and tap are driven to rotate by the rotary driver, and the displacement driving element is used to drive the drill bit, tap, and rotary driver to move in a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the spindle axis.

[0007] The rotary drive includes a drive motor and a multi-axis gearbox. The input end of the multi-axis gearbox is connected to the drive motor, and multiple output shafts are respectively equipped with drill bits and taps.

[0008] An end mill is mounted on one of the output shafts of the multi-axis gearbox.

[0009] There are two rotary drives, which are mounted on the displacement drive element symmetrically to the axis of the spindle. Drill bits and taps are mounted on the output shaft of the multi-axis gearbox of one rotary drive, while other sizes of drill bits and multi-tooth cutters are mounted on the output shaft of the multi-axis gearbox of the other rotary drive.

[0010] The displacement drive element includes a lateral displacement unit and a longitudinal displacement unit. The lateral displacement unit and the longitudinal displacement unit work together to drive the rotary drive to move along a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the spindle axis.

[0011] The transverse displacement unit includes a transverse slide plate, a transverse motor, a transverse lead screw, a transverse screw sleeve, and a pair of transverse slide rails. The pair of transverse slide rails are fixed on the machine tool body. The transverse slide plate is slidably mounted on the pair of transverse slide rails by several transverse sliders. The transverse motor is fixed on the machine tool body and its output shaft is connected to the transverse lead screw. The transverse screw sleeve is fixed on the transverse slide plate and is driven by the transverse lead screw through a thread.

[0012] The lateral displacement unit also includes a lower fixed guard and a lower telescopic guard. The lower fixed guard is fixed on the machine tool body, and the lower telescopic guard is fixed on the top of the lateral slide plate. One end of the lower telescopic guard is a closed end and the other end is an open end. The open end can extend into the lower fixed guard and slide in cooperation with the lower fixed guard.

[0013] The longitudinal displacement unit includes a fixed shell, a longitudinal sliding plate, a longitudinal motor, a longitudinal lead screw, a longitudinal threaded sleeve, and a pair of longitudinal slide rails. The fixed shell is fixed on the transverse sliding plate, and the pair of longitudinal slide rails are fixed on the top surface of the fixed shell. The longitudinal sliding plate is movably mounted on the pair of longitudinal slide rails via several longitudinal sliders. The longitudinal motor is fixed on the fixed shell, and the longitudinal threaded sleeve is fixed on the bottom of the longitudinal sliding plate. The longitudinal lead screw and the longitudinal threaded sleeve are connected to the output shaft of the longitudinal motor via threaded transmission.

[0014] The longitudinal displacement unit also includes an upper fixed cover, which is fixed on the top surface of the transverse sliding plate and covers the longitudinal motor and a pair of longitudinal sliding rails.

[0015] Both the fixed shell and the bottom surface of the transverse sliding plate are equipped with cross-shaped reinforcing ribs.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The application proposes to integrate drilling and tapping functions into a single component by setting up a drilling-tapping-push cutter integrated component. It can also be expanded to include milling and planing functions (such as adding end mills and multi-tooth planers). Multiple processes can be completed without changing equipment or frequently changing tools. At the same time, the symmetrically arranged rotary drivers can realize the rapid switching of different specifications of tools, avoid the time spent on stopping to change tools, significantly shorten the processing cycle, and improve the efficiency of mass production. 2. The displacement drive element adopts a cooperative structure of transverse and longitudinal displacement units. Through the transmission cooperation between the lead screw sleeve and the slide rail slider, the tool can achieve high-precision displacement along the direction parallel or perpendicular to the spindle axis, with small positioning error. The cross-shaped reinforcing ribs on the bottom surface of the longitudinal and transverse slide plates reduce the weight of the components while improving structural rigidity, effectively suppressing machining vibration and deformation, and ensuring the machining accuracy of key dimensions such as drilling depth, tapping pitch, and milling flatness. In addition, the synchronous rotation and displacement design of the integrated component avoids the accumulation of errors from the coordinated action of multiple components, further improving machining consistency. 3. The rotary drive adopts a combination structure of motor and multi-axis reducer. The multiple output shafts of the multi-axis reducer can flexibly install different types of tools such as drills, taps, end mills, and multi-tooth planers, which are suitable for various processing needs such as drilling, tapping, milling, and planing. At the same time, the displacement drive element supports bidirectional movement parallel to the spindle axis and perpendicular to the spindle axis, which can adapt to the processing orientation requirements of different workpieces such as hole positions, tooth positions, and planes, and has a wide range of applications. 4. The integrated design of the integrated components and displacement drive elements simplifies the overall structure of the machine tool, reduces the equipment footprint, and lowers the equipment investment cost. The lower fixed guard and lower telescopic guard of the transverse displacement unit and the upper fixed guard of the longitudinal displacement unit can effectively prevent chips and coolant from entering the transmission mechanism (lead screw, slide rail, motor, etc.), avoid component wear and corrosion, extend the service life of the equipment, and reduce maintenance costs. In addition, the telescopic design of the telescopic guard does not interfere with the normal stroke of the displacement components, ensuring the stability of equipment operation. 5. This application does not require a complex automatic tool changer. The integrated tool design reduces the difficulty of tool replacement and debugging. Operators do not need to frequently transfer workpieces and adjust equipment, which reduces labor intensity. The design of indexable tools (such as end mills) and the multi-tool integration method reduce tool inventory and replacement costs, and improve machining economy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool machine tool for workpiece processing in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the machine tool body in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the displacement driving element in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the displacement driving element in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the displacement driving element in the embodiments of this application.

[0018] Figure Labels 1-Machine tool body, 2-Spindle, 3-Drilling, tapping and push-cut integrated assembly, 4-Drill bit, 5-Tap, 6-Rotary driver, 7-Displacement drive element, 8-Motor, 9-Multi-axis reducer, 10-End mill, 11-Multi-tooth cutter, 12-Transverse displacement unit, 13-Longitudinal displacement unit, 14-Transverse slide plate, 15-Transverse motor, 16-Transverse lead screw, 17-Transverse sleeve, 18-Transverse slide rail, 19-Transverse slider, 20-Lower fixed cover, 21-Lower telescopic cover, 22-Fixed shell, 23-Longitudinal slide plate, 24-Longitudinal motor, 25-Longitudinal lead screw, 26-Longitudinal sleeve, 27-Longitudinal slide rail, 28-Longitudinal slider, 29-Upper fixed cover, 30-M-shaped reinforcing rib. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0021] The integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool machine tool for workpiece processing provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0022] Example 1: This application provides a drilling, tapping, and push-tool integrated machine tool for workpiece processing, including a machine tool body 1 and a spindle 2, and also includes a drilling, tapping, and push-tool integrated assembly 3, which includes a drill bit 4, a tap 5, a rotary driver 6, and a displacement driving element 7. The drill bit 4 and the tap 5 are driven to rotate by the rotary driver 6, and the displacement driving element 7 is used to drive the drill bit 4, the tap 5, and the rotary driver 6 to move in a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the axis of the spindle 2.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, due to the above structure, drilling and tapping functions can be integrated into the same component. The machining process does not require changing the machine tool or the tool assembly separately, which greatly shortens the machining changeover time of the workpiece. At the same time, the displacement drive element 7 can drive the tool to move in the parallel or vertical direction along the spindle 2, which can flexibly adapt to the machining orientation requirements of different workpieces' hole positions and tooth positions, and improve the machining adaptability of the machine tool.

[0024] Example 2: In this embodiment, in addition to the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the rotary driver 6 includes a drive motor 8 and a multi-axis reduction gearbox 9. The input end of the multi-axis reduction gearbox 9 is connected to the drive motor 8, and multiple output shafts are respectively equipped with drill bits 4 and taps 5.

[0025] In this embodiment of the application, an end mill 10 is mounted on one of the output shafts of the multi-axis reduction gearbox 9.

[0026] In this embodiment of the application, there is a pair of rotary drives 6, which are mounted on the displacement drive element 7 symmetrically about the axis of the spindle 2. A drill bit 4 and a tap 5 are mounted on the output shaft of the multi-axis reduction gearbox 9 of one rotary drive 6, and a drill bit 4 of other specifications and a multi-tooth cutter 11 are mounted on the output shaft of the multi-axis reduction gearbox 9 of the other rotary drive 6.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, due to the aforementioned structure, the drive motor 8, in conjunction with the multi-axis reduction gearbox 9, can achieve synchronous power transmission for multiple tools, simplifying the layout of the drive structure and making the components more compact. The addition of the end mill 10 expands the milling function of the machine tool, allowing the equipment to complete composite machining of drilling, tapping, and milling. The symmetrically arranged pair of rotary drives 6 can not only quickly switch between different specifications of drill bits 4, taps 5, and multi-tooth cutters 11 without stopping the machine to change tools, further improving machining efficiency and the coverage of machining conditions, but also load different specifications of tools to work together, realizing multi-process parallel machining. At the same time, the multiple tools on the same rotary drive 6 are not on the same plane, effectively avoiding motion interference between the tools during machining, ensuring machining safety, optimizing the spatial layout of the tools, and further improving the structural compactness and machining flexibility of the components.

[0028] Example 3: In this embodiment, in addition to the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the displacement driving element 7 includes a lateral displacement unit 12 and a longitudinal displacement unit 13. The lateral displacement unit 12 and the longitudinal displacement unit 13 cooperate to drive the rotary driver 6 to move in a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft 2.

[0029] In this embodiment of the application, the transverse displacement unit 12 includes a transverse slide plate 14, a transverse motor 15, a transverse lead screw 16, a transverse threaded sleeve 17, and a pair of transverse slide rails 18. The pair of transverse slide rails 18 are fixed on the machine tool body 1. The transverse slide plate 14 is slidably mounted on the pair of transverse slide rails 18 by a plurality of transverse sliders 19. The transverse motor 15 is fixed on the machine tool body 1 and its output shaft is connected to the transverse lead screw 16. The transverse threaded sleeve 17 is fixed on the transverse slide plate 14 and is driven by the transverse lead screw 16 through a thread.

[0030] In this embodiment of the application, the lateral displacement unit 12 further includes a lower fixed cover 20 and a lower telescopic cover 21. The lower fixed cover 20 is fixedly mounted on the machine tool body 1, and the lower telescopic cover 21 is fixedly mounted on the top of the transverse slide plate 14. One end of the lower telescopic cover 21 is a closed end and the other end is an open end. The open end can extend into the lower fixed cover 20 and slide in cooperation with the lower fixed cover 20.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, due to the above structure, the transverse displacement unit 12 achieves high-precision, low-friction transverse movement of the transverse slide plate 14 through the cooperation of the transverse slide rail 18 and the lead screw sleeve, ensuring the positioning accuracy of the tool displacement; the sliding cooperation structure of the lower telescopic guard 21 and the lower fixed guard 20 can not only prevent the chips and coolant generated during processing from entering the transverse transmission mechanism, effectively protecting the lead screw, slide rail and other components to extend their service life, but also will not interfere with the normal movement stroke of the transverse slide plate 14.

[0032] Example 4: In this embodiment, in addition to the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the longitudinal displacement unit 13 includes a fixed housing 22, a longitudinal sliding plate 23, a longitudinal motor 24, a longitudinal lead screw 25, a longitudinal threaded sleeve 26, and a pair of longitudinal slide rails 27. The fixed housing 22 is fixed on the transverse sliding plate 14, and the pair of longitudinal slide rails 27 are fixed on the top surface of the fixed housing 22. The longitudinal sliding plate 23 is movably mounted on the pair of longitudinal slide rails 27 via several longitudinal sliders 28. The longitudinal motor 24 is fixed on the fixed housing 22, and the longitudinal threaded sleeve 26 is fixed on the bottom of the longitudinal sliding plate 23. The longitudinal lead screw 25 and the longitudinal threaded sleeve 26 are connected to the output shaft of the longitudinal motor 24 via threaded transmission.

[0033] In this embodiment of the application, the longitudinal displacement unit 13 further includes an upper fixed cover 29, which is fixed on the top surface of the transverse sliding plate 14 and covers the longitudinal motor 24 and a pair of longitudinal sliding rails 27.

[0034] In this embodiment of the application, both the fixed shell 22 and the bottom surface of the transverse sliding plate 14 are provided with cross-shaped reinforcing ribs 30.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, due to the above-mentioned structure, the longitudinal displacement unit 13 achieves high-precision longitudinal feed of the tool through the cooperation of the longitudinal slide rail 27 and the lead screw, ensuring the depth accuracy of drilling and tapping; the upper fixed cover 29 can protect the longitudinal transmission components and reduce dust and chip contamination; while the cross-shaped reinforcing ribs 30 on the bottom surface of the fixed shell 22 and the transverse slide plate 14 greatly improve the structural rigidity and deformation resistance of the fixed shell 22 and the transverse slide plate 14, which can weaken the influence of machining vibration on the tool position and further ensure machining accuracy.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0037] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A drilling, tapping, and push-tool integrated machine tool for workpiece processing, comprising a machine tool body and a spindle, characterized in that, It also includes an integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool assembly, which includes a drill bit, a tap, a rotary driver, and a displacement driving element. The drill bit and tap are driven to rotate by the rotary driver, and the displacement driving element is used to drive the drill bit, tap, and rotary driver to move in a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the spindle axis.

2. The integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool machine tool for workpiece processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary drive includes a drive motor and a multi-axis reduction gearbox. The input end of the multi-axis reduction gearbox is connected to the drive motor, and multiple output shafts are respectively equipped with drill bits and taps.

3. The integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool machine tool for workpiece processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, An end mill is mounted on one of the output shafts of the multi-axis reducer.

4. The integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool machine tool for workpiece processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary drives are a pair, mounted on the displacement drive element symmetrical to the axis of the main shaft. Drill bits and taps are mounted on the output shaft of the multi-axis reducer of one rotary drive, while other sizes of drill bits and multi-tooth cutters are mounted on the output shaft of the multi-axis reducer of the other rotary drive.

5. The integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool machine tool for workpiece processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement driving element includes a lateral displacement unit and a longitudinal displacement unit, which work together to drive the rotary driver to move along a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the main shaft axis.

6. The integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool machine tool for workpiece machining according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lateral displacement unit includes a lateral sliding plate, a lateral motor, a lateral lead screw, a lateral screw sleeve, and a pair of lateral slide rails. The pair of lateral slide rails are fixed on the machine tool body. The lateral sliding plate is slidably mounted on the pair of lateral slide rails via several lateral sliders. The lateral motor is fixed on the machine tool body and its output shaft is connected to the lateral lead screw. The lateral screw sleeve is fixed on the lateral sliding plate and is driven by the lateral lead screw via a thread.

7. The integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool machine tool for workpiece machining according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lateral displacement unit also includes a lower fixed guard and a lower telescopic guard. The lower fixed guard is fixed on the machine tool body, and the lower telescopic guard is fixed on the top of the lateral sliding plate. One end of the lower telescopic guard is a closed end and the other end is an open end. The open end can extend into the lower fixed guard and slide in cooperation with the lower fixed guard.

8. The integrated drilling, tapping, and push-tool machine tool for workpiece machining according to claim 6, characterized in that, The longitudinal displacement unit includes a fixed shell, a longitudinal sliding plate, a longitudinal motor, a longitudinal lead screw, a longitudinal threaded sleeve, and a pair of longitudinal slide rails. The fixed shell is fixed on the transverse sliding plate, and the pair of longitudinal slide rails are fixed on the top surface of the fixed shell. The longitudinal sliding plate is movably mounted on the pair of longitudinal slide rails via several longitudinal sliders. The longitudinal motor is fixed on the fixed shell, and the longitudinal threaded sleeve is fixed on the bottom of the longitudinal sliding plate. The longitudinal lead screw and the longitudinal threaded sleeve are connected to the output shaft of the longitudinal motor via threaded transmission.

9. A drilling, tapping, and push-tool integrated machine tool for workpiece machining according to claim 8, characterized in that, The longitudinal displacement unit also includes an upper fixed cover, which is fixed on the top surface of the transverse sliding plate and covers the longitudinal motor and a pair of longitudinal sliding rails.

10. A drilling, tapping, and push-tool integrated machine tool for workpiece machining according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the fixed shell and the bottom surface of the transverse sliding plate are provided with cross-shaped reinforcing ribs.

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