A positioning tool for machining a reducer housing

Abstract

A positioning tool for machining of a speed reducer housing, the housing having a through hole and a base, axial two end faces being machined faces, the end faces being provided with stepped grooves. The positioning tool comprises: a positioning plate having first, second and third positioning faces perpendicular to each other. The positioning plate is provided with a fifth positioning face alignment positioning member for contacting the inner wall of the through hole. A pressing plate having a fourth positioning face, the first and fourth positioning faces respectively abutting the stepped groove bottom surfaces on both sides of the housing. A connecting rod compresses the positioning plate and the pressing plate on the stepped grooves on both sides of the housing by cooperating with the locking member. A positioning seat connected with the positioning plate, the bottom thereof being provided with a sixth positioning face parallel to the second positioning face. A backing plate for connecting with the housing base plate, the bottom thereof being coplanar with the sixth positioning face. The second and third positioning faces are configured to cooperate with the clamp of the drilling equipment to form a mounting reference. The application shortens the time-consuming of the alignment link and improves the machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of positioning technology for gearbox housing processing, and specifically relates to a positioning fixture for gearbox housing processing. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, the machining quality of the reducer housing directly affects the overall performance and service life of the reducer. Among them, the drilling process is a key link, and accurate positioning is the core element to ensure drilling accuracy and improve product quality.

[0003] The current positioning process for the reducer housing is as follows: Initial fixing is achieved using traditional general-purpose fixtures, followed by dial indicator readings, alignment, and parallelism measurement. The housing position is repeatedly adjusted until the housing's central axis coincides with the machine tool spindle center. Further fixing is then performed before drilling. After machining one end, the pressure plate is released, the housing is flipped over, and the entire dial indicator reading, alignment, and parallelism measurement process is repeated. Each step and each flip requires re-reading the dial indicator, alignment, and parallelism measurement, resulting in low positioning efficiency, cumbersome and time-consuming operations. Furthermore, the alignment process relies heavily on worker experience, involving repeated dial indicator readings and tapping adjustments, leading to poor consistency in positioning accuracy and high coaxiality and positional errors.

[0004] Therefore, based on some of the situations in the prior art described above, this application has made further designs and improvements. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

[0006] A positioning fixture for machining a reducer housing, wherein the housing is a flange structure with a through hole in the middle and a base at the bottom, and its axial end faces are the machining surfaces to be drilled. A stepped groove is provided at the connecting end face of the through hole. The positioning fixture includes a positioning plate, a pressure plate, a connecting rod, a locking element, a positioning seat, and a pad. The positioning plate has first, second, and third positioning surfaces that are perpendicular to each other. The first positioning surface is used to abut against the bottom surface of the stepped groove on one side of the housing. The positioning plate is provided with a aligning positioning element, which has a fifth positioning surface for contacting the inner wall of the through hole in the housing. The pressure plate has a fourth positioning surface for abutting against the bottom surface of the stepped groove on the other side of the housing.

[0007] One end of the connecting rod passes through the positioning plate with its axis perpendicular to the first positioning surface, and the other end passes through the housing through hole and the pressure plate in sequence. Locking elements are assembled at both ends of the connecting rod to drive the positioning plate and the pressure plate to move towards each other and press against the stepped grooves on both sides of the housing. The positioning seat is connected to the positioning plate, and its bottom has a sixth positioning surface parallel to the second positioning surface. The pad is used to connect to the housing base plate, and its bottom is configured to be coplanar with the sixth positioning surface.

[0008] The second and third positioning surfaces are configured to cooperate with the fixtures of the drilling equipment to form the installation reference of the positioning fixture.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the positioning fixture, the alignment and positioning component is a cylindrical pin, and the fifth positioning surface is the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical pin. The cylindrical pin has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and is easy to standardize and replace.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the positioning fixture, the pressure plate is provided with lugs for lifting. These lugs facilitate the use of lifting equipment to move the large housing and the fixture as a whole.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial technical effects: by using positioning fixtures to transform the positioning reference of the housing itself into a precise reference plane on the positioning plate, the machining coordinate system can be quickly established simply by clamping the reference plane of the positioning plate on the machine tool, which shortens the time spent on the alignment process and improves the machining efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of the positioning fixture and the housing.

[0013] Figure 2 A sectional view of the positioning fixture and housing assembly.

[0014] Figure 3 Exploded view of the positioning tooling and shell structure.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a 3D view of the positioning plate and positioning seat.

[0016] The following is an explanation of the reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0017] 10. Housing; 11. Through hole; 12. Stepped groove; 13. Surface to be machined; 14. Seat plate;

[0018] 20. Positioning plate; 21. First positioning surface; 22. Second positioning surface; 23. Third positioning surface;

[0019] 30. Pressure plate; 31. Fourth positioning surface; 32. Hanging lug;

[0020] 40. Connecting rod;

[0021] 50. Locking components;

[0022] 60. Alignment and positioning components; 61. Fifth positioning surface;

[0023] 70. Pad;

[0024] 80. Positioning seat; 81. Sixth positioning surface. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] In the following embodiments, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms such as center, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, thickness, upper, lower, front, back, left, right, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inner, outer, clockwise, and counterclockwise, indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features shown. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," etc., should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] To ensure the positioning accuracy of the housing 10, the key components of this positioning fixture must meet the following manufacturing tolerance requirements: the flatness of all positioning planes, including the first positioning surface 21, the second positioning surface 22, the third positioning surface 23, the fourth positioning surface 31, and the sixth positioning surface 81, should be controlled within 0.01~0.03mm. The perpendicularity between the first positioning surface 21 and the second positioning surface 22 and the third positioning surface 23 should be controlled within 0.01~0.03mm. When the positioning fixture is assembled with the housing 10, the clearance between the fifth positioning surface 61 and the inner wall of the through hole 11 should not exceed 0.2mm.

[0029] refer to Figures 1 to 4 A positioning fixture for machining a reducer housing includes a positioning plate 20, a pressure plate 30, a connecting rod 40, a locking element 50, a positioning seat 80, and a pad 70. This positioning fixture is suitable for housings 10 with the following structure: the housing 10 is a flange structure with a through hole 11 in the middle and a seat plate 14 at the bottom; the two end faces of the housing 10 along its axial direction are the machining surfaces 13 to be drilled; and a recessed stepped groove 12 is provided at the connecting end face of the through hole 11.

[0030] In the positioning fixture, the positioning plate 20 has three mutually perpendicular positioning surfaces 23, the first positioning surface 21 of which is used to abut against the bottom surface of the stepped groove 12 on one side of the housing 10. The positioning plate 20 is provided with an alignment positioning component 60, which has a fifth positioning surface 61 for contacting the inner wall of the through hole 11 of the housing 10. The pressure plate 30 has a fourth positioning surface 31 for abutting against the bottom surface of the stepped groove 12 on the other side of the housing 10.

[0031] One end of the connecting rod 40 passes through the positioning plate 20 and its axis is perpendicular to the first positioning surface 21. The other end passes through the through hole 11 of the housing 10 and the pressure plate 30 in sequence. Locking members 50 are assembled at both ends of the connecting rod 40 to drive the positioning plate 20 and the pressure plate 30 to move towards each other and press against the stepped grooves 12 on both sides of the housing 10. The positioning seat 80 is connected to the positioning plate 20, and its bottom is provided with a sixth positioning surface 81 parallel to the second positioning surface 22. The pad 70 is used to connect to the housing 10 seat plate 14, and its bottom is constructed to be coplanar with the sixth positioning surface 81. The second positioning surface 22 and the third positioning surface 23 are configured to cooperate with the clamps of the drilling equipment to form the installation reference of the positioning fixture.

[0032] The alignment and positioning component 60 is a cylindrical pin, and the fifth positioning surface 61 is the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical pin. The cylindrical pin has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and is easy to standardize and replace. To facilitate the installation of the housing 10 and the positioning fixture onto the drilling equipment, the pressure plate 30 is provided with hooks 32 for easy hoisting. When the housing 10 is large, it can be moved using hoisting equipment, improving operational safety and the convenience of automated connection.

[0033] The positioning principle of this positioning fixture is as follows: The housing 10 with the pad 70 and the positioning seat 80 are placed on a reference horizontal surface. Then, the positioning plate 20 is moved closer to the housing 10 until the first positioning surface 21 is against the bottom surface of the stepped groove 12 on one side of the housing 10. Utilizing the coplanar relationship between the bottom of the pad 70 and the sixth positioning surface 81 of the positioning seat 80, the axis of the housing 10 and the center of the positioning plate 20 are first ensured to be on the same horizontal line. Based on this pre-positioning, the positioning plate 20 is moved horizontally so that the fifth positioning surface 61 of the alignment positioning component 60 makes line contact with the inner wall of the through hole 11 of the housing 10. At this point, the center of the positioning plate 20 is aligned with the axis of the housing 10. By tightening the locking component 50, the positioning plate 20 and the pressure plate 30 move towards each other and press against the stepped grooves 12 on both sides of the housing 10, thus completing the positioning of the housing 10 by the positioning fixture. After the positioning fixture and housing 10 are assembled, the second positioning surface 22 and the third positioning surface 23 of the positioning plate 20 are clamped by the clamping mechanism of the drilling equipment to complete the positioning of the housing 10 by the drilling equipment.

[0034] Since the bottom of the pad 70 and the sixth positioning surface 81 are coplanar, the alignment and positioning component 60 can be a set or two sets can be assembled to improve the positioning accuracy.

[0035] To ensure reliable positioning, the first, second, and third positioning surfaces 23 of the positioning plate 20 are precision ground to meet specified flatness and perpendicularity requirements. These surfaces are then surface-hardened to form a wear-resistant layer with a hardness of HRC48-52, significantly improving their wear and impact resistance and ensuring the long-term accuracy of the reference. The alignment and positioning component 60 is preferably made of high-carbon chromium bearing steel (such as GCr15) and undergoes quenching followed by low-temperature tempering heat treatment to achieve an overall hardness of HRC60 or higher, thus possessing extremely high wear resistance.

[0036] The scope of protection of this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the claims. Any substitutions, modifications, or improvements to this technology that are easily conceived by those skilled in the art shall fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A positioning fixture for machining a reducer housing, wherein the housing (10) is a flange structure with a through hole (11) in the middle and a base at the bottom, and its two axial end faces are machining surfaces (13) to be drilled, and a stepped groove (12) is provided at the connecting end face of the through hole (11), characterized in that, include: The positioning plate (20) has a first positioning surface (21), a second positioning surface (22) and a third positioning surface (23) that are perpendicular to each other. The first positioning surface (21) is used to abut against the bottom surface of the stepped groove (12) on one side of the housing (10). The positioning plate (20) is provided with a positioning alignment component (60), which has a fifth positioning surface (61) for contacting the inner wall of the through hole (11) of the housing (10). The pressure plate (30) has a fourth positioning surface (31) for abutting against the bottom surface of the stepped groove (12) on the other side of the housing (10); The connecting rod (40) has one end passing through the positioning plate (20) and its axis perpendicular to the first positioning surface (21), and the other end passing through the through hole (11) of the housing (10) and the pressure plate (30) in sequence. Locking element (50) is assembled at both ends of the connecting rod (40) to drive the positioning plate (20) and the pressure plate (30) to move towards each other and press against the stepped grooves (12) on both sides of the housing (10); The positioning seat (80) is connected to the positioning plate (20), and its bottom is provided with a sixth positioning surface (81) parallel to the second positioning surface (22). A pad (70) is used to connect to the housing (10) seat plate (14), the bottom of which is configured to be coplanar with the sixth positioning surface (81); The second positioning surface (22) and the third positioning surface (23) are configured to cooperate with the fixture of the drilling equipment to form the installation reference of the positioning fixture.

2. The positioning fixture for machining a reducer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alignment and positioning component (60) is a cylindrical pin, and the fifth positioning surface (61) is the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical pin.

3. The positioning fixture for machining a reducer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure plate (30) is provided with a hanging lug (32) for hoisting.

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